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Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic intraepidermal bullous disease that causes extensive skin lesions. Pemphigus vulgaris initially appears in the form of vesicles and loose-walled bullae that break easily on normal skin, which then develop into bullae with an erythematous base, then rupture, causing erosion, excoriation, which is usually accompanied by crusting and pain. Bullae occur due to damage or damage to intercellular adhesion due to IgG autoantibodies to desmoglein 3, causing epithelial cells called acantholysis (epidermal cell separation reaction). The hallmark of pemphigus is erosion that extends into normal skin by pulling on remnants of the blister wall or rubbing on the periphery of an active lesion. Erosion can be induced on normal-appearing skin away from the active lesion by mechanical stress or shear, a phenomenon known as the Nikolsky sign. Prognosis before corticosteroids are used, death occurs in 50% of patients within the first year. Treatment with corticosteroids makes the prognosis better. Pemphigus vulgaris in the early stages will be easier to control than those with widespread manifestations, the mortality rate will increase if there is a delay in therapy.

Osteoarthritis of the knee in the elderly can cause pain due to the degradation of joint cartilage in which the joint cartilage is damaged which is characterized by changes in the joint capsule and damage to the cartilage located at the bone joints. Knee Pain Exercise and warm compresses are two methods that can be used to manage knee osteoarthritis pain.. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of knee pain exercise and warm compresses on reducing knee osteoarthritis pain in the elderly. Using a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 40 respondents was drawn from the population of up to 125 people. A cross-over group design technique and a quasi-experimental approach were used in the research design. The instrument used was a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) observation sheet. The normality of the data was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov. The hypotheses were tested and analyzed using paired samples T test with p-value 0.000 on each variable which means that there is an effect of knee pain exercise and warm compresses on knee osteoarthritis pain. The effectiveness test used independent samples test and it was found that warm compresses had the smallest mean value (2.55), which means that warm compresses were more effective in reducing knee osteoarthritis pain than knee pain exercise. It is expected that the elderly who experience knee osteoarthritis pain do regular exercise which is a physical exercise to reduce knee osteoarthritis pain.    

Household is the smallest part of a relationship that exists in society. Families formed within the bonds of marriage norms aim to form harmonious relationships. In fact, not all household is harmonious. The emergence of problem is often resolved in an unethical way, by using violence. Domestic Violence is efined as various forms of violence or threats of violence (physical, psychological, emotional, sexual, and neglect) to control their family members. To arrange the increase of Domestic Violence, the government make Act No. 23 of 2004 which specifically arrange the removal of Domestic Violence, as "a legal umbrella" that can give protection for the Domestic Violence vixtim’s. One example of law enforcement implementation according to Act No. 23 of 2004 that arrange the removal of Domestic Violence has been implemented by Polres Mojokerto in Case of Domestic Violence done by the defendant Boby Exzandro Wardhanny (BEW) Bin Suyatno to the victim, the defendant's wife, Iis Yuliatin (IY). The defendant had physically abused to the victim by grabbing and hitting the victim's right head that make pain in her right ear and bruises behind the right ear that stated in case register number : 75/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Mjk.

The aim to be achieved in the preparation of this research is to find out the views of Islamic Law regarding the Practice of Plastic Surgery and to know the Legal Impact of Plastic Surgery. This type of research is normative legal research. This normative legal research is research on norms that carry out norms on a building system of norms which is meant regarding standards, standards of applicable rules of choice of courts, understandings and conventions (lessons). legitimate. The results of the research show (1) The practice of plastic surgery according to Islamic law is permissible or lawful because there is a health reason that disturbs someone so that it is necessary to make improvements to the body in order to eliminate pain or harm which of course is not allowed plastic surgery is intended to change sex and change parts of the human body to make it look more beautiful. (2) The legal impact on the practice of plastic surgery can be directly or indirectly. It can be seen directly from a health perspective, and indirectly people who have had plastic surgery can avoid taxes, deceive airport security or immigration officers, manipulate data. Conclusions The practice of plastic surgery according to Islamic law is permissible or lawful.

Background; Effleurage massage is a form of massage using the palms of the hands that apply gentle pressure to the surface of the body in a circular direction repeatedly. The number of mothers giving birth in the Ponek room (Maternity Room) with January 01, 2021 - July 31, 2023 amounted to 1047 patients and 15 patients gave birth normally. Objective; To determine the results of implementation in the application of Effleurage Massage techniques to reduce the pain scale in postpartum mothers in the Ponek Room of Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital. Method; This type of research is descriptive in the form of a case study. The approach taken uses a nursing care approach, planning, implementation and evaluation. The application instrument uses the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and checklist sheet as a measuring tool to determine the level of pain scale. Results; The results of the application using Effleurage Massage techniques found that respondents had a pain scale of 4 (moderate pain) down to 0 (none pain). Conclusion; There is a difference in pain scale before and after Effleurage Massage at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital.

Labor pain refers to sensory and emotional experiences since the early phase of laboring. One of the indications is continuous and progressive contraction. This matter causes enormous pain in the first active phase. Pain without management may influence the delivery process. Thus, pain management is important to relieve the pain. The administration of peppermint aromatherapy and acupressure therapy on the L14 point, the hegu point, could relieve the labor pain. This research determined the influence of peppermint aromatherapy and the L14 acupressure point, the high point, toward the labor pain of mothers with the first active phase at SMC Telogorejo. This quasi-experimental research applied a pretest-posttest deign without a control group. The applied sampling technique was consecutive. The obtained samples were 31 respondents. 28 respondents were aged between 20 and 35 years old, 90.3%. Respondents with multipara status were 20 respondents, 64.5%. Most respondents graduated from high educational levels, with 26 respondents (83.9%). the respondents also mostly worked, 17 respondents (54.8%). The Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05. The results showed peppermint aromatherapy and L14 acupressure, the hegu, could relieve the pain level of mothers with the first active phase. The researcher expects future researchers to calculate the duration of the managed pain after the intervention.

Background: Prevalence of patients with mild cedar heads recorded from March to July 2023 in the Emergency Room of RSUD Dr. Moewardi as many as 757 cases, and most of them complained of pain in the head, pain in CKR patients by nurses can be treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Non-pharmacological therapy such as behavioral therapy (relaxation, hypnotherapy, biofeedback). One of the relaxation techniques used is slow deep breathing. Objective: Changes in the application of the Slow Deep Breathing technique to reducing pain scale in mild head injury patients at RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Method : the method used in this application is a descriptive method. In this application, pain scale measurements were carried out using the Numeric Rating Scale both before and after slow deep breathing was carried out. Findings : the results of the implementation that has been done, it was found that respondent I experienced a decrease in the pain scale from a scale of 8 to a scale of 7, respondent II experienced a decrease in the pain scale from a scale of 6 to a scale of 4. Implication : slow deep breathing can reduce the pain scale in patients with mild head injuries at Dr. Moewardi.

The main thing that distinguishes between 2D and 3D animation lies in the quality of the resulting display, namely the appearance of 2D animation that seems flat and the appearance of 3D animation that seems more volume. This study aims to manually apply 2D visual effects as an alternative in making an animated visual effect. The process of uniting a 3D animation combined with 2D animation visual effects that are created manually frame by frame and using Clip Paint Studio and Blender software. The results of this study indicate that the application of 2D animation visual effects in 3D animation is able to display a visual style that resembles 2D animation and does not require computer engine performance that is too heavy, rather than using 3D simulation methods or 3D procedural which requires strong computer resources. It is good to use in making a 3D animation with a visual style of 2D animation.

Herpes zoster (HZ) or shingles is clinically manifested by the reactivation of endogenous latent infection of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the dorsal roots of sensory fibers and cranial or autonomic nerve ganglia. This reactivation occurs after the primary infection when decrease of immune system. A case of a 78-year-old patient came with eritematous fluid-filled vesicle, burning pain on the left side of her face. This patient was given non-medical therapy such as education on maintaining hygiene, do not scratching the lesions and 0.9% Nacl compresses on the vesicle area. Medical therapy was given topical and systemic therapy.  

Special attention should be paid to reproductive health, especially among adolescents, especially women. Dysmenorrhea is pain experienced in adolescence.  The causes of dysmenorrhea are levels of the hormone progesterone, prostaglandins, and stress/factors. Exercise for dysmenorrhea can prevent it. Dysmenorrhea gymnastics is a technique that guarantees comfortable and stress-free conditions during dysmenorrhea. The body produces endorphins during exercise. The purpose of this study was to the Effect of Dysminore Gymnastics on Reducing Pain Scale in Female Students at STIKes Pelita Ibu Campus. This study used pre-experimental research methods. Conducted on 161 students with a research period of 3 days and a sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. The results of the analysis using the McNemar Test X2 value calculated 103,221 > 3.841 and p value 0.000 < 0.05, meaning dysminore exercise has an effect on reducing menstrual pain. It was concluded that there was an influence of Dysminore Gymnastics on Decreasing the Pain Scale in Female Students at the STIKes Pelita Ibu Campus. It is recommended the need for increased education for women and especially menstrual pain sufferers where by improving exercise routines both before menstruation and while menstruation is highly recommended as a prevention of menstrual pain which has an impact on limiting activities.

Special attention should be paid to reproductive health, especially among adolescents, especially women. Dysmenorrhea is pain experienced in adolescence.  The causes of dysmenorrhea are levels of the hormone progesterone, prostaglandins, and stress/factors. Exercise for dysmenorrhea can prevent it. Dysmenorrhea gymnastics is a technique that guarantees comfortable and stress-free conditions during dysmenorrhea. The body produces endorphins during exercise. The purpose of this study was to the Effect of Dysminore Gymnastics on Reducing Pain Scale in Female Students at STIKes Pelita Ibu Campus. This study used pre-experimental research methods. Conducted on 161 students with a research period of 3 days and a sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. The results of the analysis using the McNemar Test X2 value calculated 103,221 > 3.841 and p value 0.000 < 0.05, meaning dysminore exercise has an effect on reducing menstrual pain. It was concluded that there was an influence of Dysminore Gymnastics on Decreasing the Pain Scale in Female Students at the STIKes Pelita Ibu Campus. It is recommended the need for increased education for women and especially menstrual pain sufferers where by improving exercise routines both before menstruation and while menstruation is highly recommended as a prevention of menstrual pain which has an impact on limiting activities.

Sectio Caesarea is considered very risky to be carried out by mothers who are about to give birth, due to the method that requires opening the wall or in medical terms Trans Abdominal Uterine Incision with pain that will be felt by a mother, which is a stressor that will be felt by the mother biologically which is felt physically. psychological and physical. The non-pharmacological techniques that can be used to reduce postoperative pain is early mobilization techniques. Early mobilization techniques are effective in reducing pain through several mechanisms, including eliminating the patient's concentration at the location of the pain in the operating area, reducing the activity of chemical mediators in the inflammatory process which increases the pain response. and minimize pain nerve transmission to the central nervous system. This research aims to know the results of implementationEarly Mobilization of Reducing Pain Intensity in Post Sectio Caesarea Mothers. This study used a quasi-experimental design with the pretest-posttest Nonequivalent Control Group design methodwithcase study descriptive method to 2 respondentsPost Sectio Caesarea. Based on the results of the implementation that has been done there is a decrease in pain intensity in patientspost sectio caesarea after being given the application of early mobilization.

Background: The prevalence of extreme pain in medical and surgical patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is more than 80.0%. One of the nonpharmacological therapies that can be used to control pain is the distraction technique with music therapy, where this application uses gamelan music therapy. Objective: To determine the results of the implementation of gamelan music therapy to reduce postoperative pain intensity in the Intensive Care Unit of Pandan Arang Hospital Boyolali. Method: The design used in this application is using a descriptive case study approach. Application is carried out for 30 minutes 2x a day in 4 consecutive days. Findings: Comparison of the final results of application showed that on the 4th day after the implementation of the VDS scale the two respondents were the same, namely on the pain scale 3. The results of the CPOT scale on the 4th day of Mrs. W after implementation are a scale of 4. The results of the CPOT scale on the 4th day of Mrs. S after implementation are a scale of 3. Implication: From the final results of the application before and after it can be concluded that gamelan music therapy can reduce the intensity of pain in postoperative patients in the ICU of Pandan Arang Hospital Boyolali.  

Chromoblastomycosis is a slowly progressive granulomatous skin infection caused by several species of black fungus such as Phialophora verrucosa, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Rhinocladiella aquaspersa and Cladosporium carrionii. A case was found of a 51-year-old patient with a main complaint of a reddish, uneven lump, occasionally itchy, but not accompanied by pain in the right arm. On anatomic pathological examination, microscopic results were obtained in the form of epidermal skin tissue preparations that appeared hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Intra-epidermal abscesses were seen with an accumulation of neutrophil inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes and groups of epitheloid cells that formed granulomas. There was no sign of malignancy. The conclusion from the results of anatomical pathology readings is that there is a fungal infection (chromoblastomycosis). Treatment is given by oral itraconazole.

Elderly is a process of experiencing anatomical, physiological and biochemical aging in organ tissues which can affect the state of function and ability of the body as a whole (Fatmah, 2019). In Indonesia, fracture cases are the third largest cause of death under coronary heart disease and tuberculosis. According to data compiled by Wrong Diagnosis (Ropyanto, et al, 2013), Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia that experiences the most fractures of 1.3 million each year out of a population of around 238 million. In postoperative fracture patients, they experience delays in making movements due to muscle weakness and perceived pain (Ningsih, 2019). In an elderly person, it will bring about a complete change in his physique related to a decrease in the ability of the body's tissues, especially in physiological functions in the musculoskeletal system and the neurological system. One of the changes that occur in the elderly is a change in decreased muscle strength, the impact of decreased muscle strength is an increased risk of falling and causes walking to be less stable (Padila, 2020). Purpose: ROM is an exercise used to improve normal joint movement to increase muscle tone. Doing ROM exercises early can increase muscle strength so that it can stimulate more motor units involved, there will be an increase in muscle strength (Anggriani et al., 2020) Method: Using a muscle strength scale instrument. Conclusion: That Range Of Motion has benefits and is

Sectio caesarea is an act of removing the fetus and placenta through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall in an intact state. Sectio caesarea is certainly inseparable from anesthesia, namely spinal anesthesia which will later use the bromage score as an indicator of anesthesia recovery. Range of Motion (ROM) can be interpreted as the maximum movement possible in a joint without causing pain. ROM is an important action that can affect the recovery of muscle movement after surgery. Purpose: To determine the difference in providing passive Range of Motion (ROM) of the lower extremities to the bromage score of patients after sectio caesarea surgery with spinal anesthesia. This study used a quasi-experimental research method (Quasi Experiment Method) with a Pre-post-test Design design with 15 respondents receiving intervention. Sampling with consecutive sampling. The test used was the Wilcoxon test. Data analysis using Wilcoxon with p = 0.005 (p <0.05). There is a difference in providing passive ROM of the lower extremities to the bromage score of patients after sectio caesarea surgery with spinal anesthesia.  

Adolescence is a transitional period from childhood to adulthood, usually from 10-19 years. One of the signs of physical changes in young women will be experiencing increased hormone levels which can cause the maturation of the breasts, ovaries, uterus and vagina as well as in young women starting to experience menstruation. Menstruation begins between the ages of 12-15 years and lasts until the age of 45-50 years, one of the most common complaints felt by adolescents during menstruation is dysmenorrhea. According to WHO, this is the population at the age of 10-19 years, while according to PEMENKES RI Number 25 of 2014 adolescents are residents aged 10-18 years, according to the BKKBN unmarried adolescents aged 10-24 years. Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) can have an impact on activities or activities of women, especially teenagers. If a student experiences dysmenorrhea, their learning activities at school are disrupted and they do not attend school. For example, a student who experiences dysmenorrhea cannot concentrate on studying and learning motivation will decrease because of the dysmenorrhea that is felt in the teaching and learning process and sometimes there are those who ask permission to go home because they cannot stand the dysmenorrhea they feel

Traditional health services are expected to be implemented in health care facilities. Puskesmas had a traditional health clinic that has been running since 2019, but there is no evaluation on that program. This study aims to identify the implementation that has been carried out, in order to find out which aspects still need improvement. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Researchers collect data by interview, observation and secondary data. The results of the study show that traditional health services at the puskesmas have been implemented fairly well. In 2022 there were 20 visitors with the majority of visitors aged 31-45 years (50%), female (90%), all coming from the Javanese and Muslim religions. Meanwhile, the average number of visits was 1 time (55%) and 5% of visitors made 4 repeat visits. The most frequently treated complaints were dizziness/headaches (35%) and other pain complaints (45%). Treatment in traditional health polyclinics is provided with oral medication as much as 40% and 60% without drug administration. The traditional treatment given is acupressure (65%), cupping (15%) and a combination of both as much as 20%. Officers who provide traditional health services at the Palm Health Center are nurses with acupressure training. The implementation that has been carried out still requires various improvements in order to increase the number of patient visits. Further research is needed to find the right implementation model so that traditional health services at puskesmas are widely utilized by the community.

 Older adults are someone who is over 60 years old, which is the final stage of the development of human life, or someone who is starting to enter the stage of the aging process. This study aimed to determine the difference in effectiveness of giving bay leaf decoction with hypertension exercise to older adults with hypertension to reduce blood pressure in Karangayu, Semarang Barat, before and after the intervention. This research method used quasi-experimental pre-and post-tests for two intervention groups, 1 and 2. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling on 74 respondents, using pre-test and post-test observation sheets with SOP for boiled bay leaves and SOP for hypertension exercises. This study showed that the average blood pressure before being given the bay leaf decoction intervention in group 1 was 89.2% with severe pain. In contrast, the average blood pressure after being given bay leaf decoction intervention was 86.5%, with mild blood pressure. For group 2, the average blood pressure before being given the hypertension exercise intervention was 94.6% with severe pain. Meanwhile, the average blood pressure after the hypertension exercise intervention was 75.7% with mild blood pressure. The results of the marginal homogeneity test obtained a P value of 0.001 (<0.05), meaning that there was a significant difference in mean between the pre-test and post-test, which affected the effect of giving bay leaf decoction with hypertension exercise on blood pressure in the older adults. Advice to health services, such as Posbindu (Pos Pembinaan Terpadu), on how to provide non-drug treatment with bay leaf decoction and hypertension gymnastics, which means physical exercise and traditional medicine, as part of training for Posbindu officers in secondary prevention services for high blood pressure in older adults.

A 63 year old male patient came to the emergency room with complaints of weakness since 5 days of SMRS. Complaints are accompanied by nausea, vomiting, pain throughout the stomach, and liquid bowel movements. The patient also complained of low back pain that spread to both legs and made it difficult to walk. The patient also feels that he is urinating a little and seems to be stuck. Two weeks ago the patient had a fever accompanied by a cough. On physical examination, BP 90/60 mmHg, HR 111 x/minute, RR 20 x/minute, BMI 20.3 kg/m2, suprapubic area tenderness, right CVA tapping pain. Investigations Hb 11.73 g/dl, urea: 73 mg/dl, creatinine: 3.45 mg/dl, tubex: negative, dengue Ig M: negative, dengue Ig G: positive. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed multiple nephrolithiasis dextra. On chest X-ray examination, there was an increased bronchovascular pattern, an air bronchogram (+) with an impression of bronchitis. The finding of multiple nephrolithiasis dextra indicates that the patient's kidney failure is chronic in nature, however, DHF that is not treated properly causes worsening of kidney function, giving rise to the condition of ACKD.