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The implementation of Community Service Program (KKN) in Pagur Village, Panyabungan District, focuses on the Tajhizul Mayyit (Corpse Management) program as a form of community service in the religious field. The main problem faced by the community is the limited knowledge and practical skills in performing fardu kifayah, especially regarding the procedures for managing a corpse according to Islamic sharia. This has the potential to cause difficulties when a death occurs, especially for families who lack a proper understanding of the correct Tajhizul Mayyit procedures. This activity aims to enhance community understanding of fardu kifayah obligations, provide systematic knowledge, and train practical skills in managing corpses, from washing, shrouding, praying, to burying. The methods used in this activity include outreach, deliberation, direct practice, and simulations with the community. Through this method, participants not only understand the theory but are also able to practice it directly. The results of the activity show a significant increase in the understanding and skills of the Pagur Village community. This is evident from the community's enthusiasm in participating in simulations, as well as their ability to perform the Tajhizul Mayyit stages correctly according to procedures. In addition, this activity also fosters a sense of togetherness, social care, and community readiness to help each other in fulfilling fardu kifayah obligations in their environment. Thus, the implementation of the Tajhizul Mayyit program during this KKN activity has made a real contribution to increasing the religious capacity of the community, as well as supporting the realization of a self-reliant, caring, and empowered community in implementing Islamic teachings.

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of the shipping agent, specifically PT. Naval Global Trans Belawan Branch, in ensuring the smooth flow of the maritime logistics chain. The shipping agent functions as a crucial intermediary coordinating contasiner distribution, bridging the interests of cargo owners, shipping companies, and the Belawan Port authority. The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection performed through field observation and documentary study within the Belawan Port environment. The findings identify that the shipping agent holds broad responsibilities, commencing with container booking according to the required type and size, scheduling vessel arrivals and departures, managing customs and port documentation, and monitoring container movements (from the depot to loading onto the vessel). This role is highly instrumental in determining port throughput efficiency. However, in carrying out its functions, the shipping agent encounters several significant challenges. These constraints include limited container availability, disruptions in the port information system which is not yet optimally integrated, and dynamic changes in export-import regulations. These obstacles potentially cause operational delays and an increase in logistics costs. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of better information technology integration between the shipping agent and the port authority. Furthermore, enhancing the quality of human resources (HR) through training and certification is key to ensuring that agents can respond to regulatory changes and operational challenges quickly and professionally.

The implementation of Community Service Program (KKN) in Pagur Village, Panyabungan District, focuses on the Tajhizul Mayyit (Corpse Management) program as a form of community service in the religious field. The main problem faced by the community is the limited knowledge and practical skills in performing fardu kifayah, especially regarding the procedures for managing a corpse according to Islamic sharia. This has the potential to cause difficulties when a death occurs, especially for families who lack a proper understanding of the correct Tajhizul Mayyit procedures. This activity aims to enhance community understanding of fardu kifayah obligations, provide systematic knowledge, and train practical skills in managing corpses, from washing, shrouding, praying, to burying. The methods used in this activity include outreach, deliberation, direct practice, and simulations with the community. Through this method, participants not only understand the theory but are also able to practice it directly. The results of the activity show a significant increase in the understanding and skills of the Pagur Village community. This is evident from the community's enthusiasm in participating in simulations, as well as their ability to perform the Tajhizul Mayyit stages correctly according to procedures. In addition, this activity also fosters a sense of togetherness, social care, and community readiness to help each other in fulfilling fardu kifayah obligations in their environment. Thus, the implementation of the Tajhizul Mayyit program during this KKN activity has made a real contribution to increasing the religious capacity of the community, as well as supporting the realization of a self-reliant, caring, and empowered community in implementing Islamic teachings.

This study aims to (1) to find out how the role of Islamic microfinance institutions on micro businesses in Jambi city. (2) to find out how the development of Islamic microfinance institutions in Jambi city. (3) to find out what efforts are made by Islamic microfinance institutions (BMT) to increase their role towards micro enterprises in Jambi city. The problems discussed in this thesis are (1) how the role of Islamic microfinance institutions on micro businesses in Jambi city. (2) what influences the role of Islamic microfinance institutions (BMT) on micro businesses. (3) what efforts are made by Islamic microfinance institutions (BMT) to increase their role towards micro business ventures in Jambi city. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The descriptive method of analysis is obtained through data sourced from observation, interviews, and documentation as well as other sources that support field research by finding data sources directly from the field, namely from the BMT through data collection and interviews with the parties concerned. The results of this study are the Financing mechanism at BMTs in Jambi city, namely BMT Al-Ishlah, BMT KOSSUMA, and BMT. Muslimah Masyitoh tends to be the same, the difference lies only in the tax year of the vehicle financing ceiling, and the length of installments. Financing includes several contracts, namely murabahah, ijarah, ar-Rahn, mudharabah, musyarakah and qordhul hasan. Analysis before channeling financing at BMT for prospective financing members includes: Character, Capital, Capacity, Condition, and Coleterol. The importance of Islamic microfinance by BMTs in Jambi city in empowering MSMEs is evidenced by the main target of BMT financing is small business actors who are not reached by banks. Simple procedures and applied financing are needed by Jambi city MSMEs in developing their businesses. The constraints of the Jambi city BMT cooperative in carrying out its business, namely financing in the context of empowering MSEs, include internal constraints and external constraints.

This research is motivated by the results of initial observations that the Environmental Observation Strategy in the Development of the Ciung Wanara Area by the Ciamis Regency Tourism Office is not optimal. The purpose of this study is to determine the Environmental Observation Strategy in the Development of the Ciung Wanara Area by the Ciamis Regency Tourism Office. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method. There are 5 informants. Data collection techniques are literature studies, field studies (observations and interviews) and documentation. The author uses qualitative data analysis techniques through processing data from interviews and observations to draw conclusions so that they can answer the problems in the study. Based on the results of the study, it is known that: The Environmental Observation Strategy in the Development of the Ciung Wanara Area by the Ciamis Regency Tourism Office is not optimal, this is due to the lack of human resources in the Tourism Office so that it is still rare to provide training to staff, therefore to overcome the obstacles faced in the environmental observation strategy in the development of the Ciung Wanara area, the Tourism Office seeks to provide periodic HR competency improvement training, so that by conducting training, the HR competency owned will increase.

This study aims to analyze the process of acculturation between Buddhism and local culture in Indonesia, particularly in the context of the formation of a unique and historically relevant Nusantara Buddhist identity. The focus of the study includes the integration of the Tri Pitaka teachings with local cultural values, practices, language, art, and rituals to create a form of religious practice that is adaptive and meaningful for the local community. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through observations of religious practices, interviews with religious and community leaders, and literature studies of relevant texts, inscriptions, historical artifacts, and scientific works. Data were analyzed interpretively through reduction, thematic grouping, and narrative construction that connects field phenomena to historical, social, and cultural contexts. The results show that the acculturation of Buddhism in Java is harmonious and multidimensional. The integration of Buddhism with local culture is manifested in the adaptation of ritual language, temple relief sculptures, ritual traditions such as Javanese puja bhakti (prayer offerings) and slametan (celebration ceremonies), and practices of respect for parents that align with Buddhist teachings. The Buddhist identity of the Indonesian archipelago is created through a synthesis of universal Buddhist values ​​and local culture, strengthening social cohesion and serving as a means of moral education for a multicultural society. This research contributes to the understanding of religious and cultural acculturation and opens up space for further study of the dynamics of religious integration in Indonesia.

This study focuses on analyzing the Exit Permit Only (EPO) Crewing Services organized by PT. Samudra Shipping Agency in cooperation with the Dumai Immigration Office. The EPO service plays a crucial role in ensuring legal compliance regarding the movement of foreign seafarers who are executing a sign-off (leaving the vessel) within Indonesian territory. The main objectives of this research are to examine the operational procedures, analyze the role of the shipping agency, and evaluate the effectiveness of the synergy between the agency and the immigration authorities in processing immigration documents. The research methodology employed is a combination of field research (field research), which involves observation and the collection of practical data, and literature review (library research) to strengthen the regulatory and theoretical foundation. The findings indicate that the success of the EPO service is highly dependent on the effective synergy between PT. Samudra Shipping Agency and the Dumai Immigration Office. The shipping agency holds a vital role in handling the entire crew sign-off process and is fully responsible for managing the temporary stay permits for foreign crew members through the issuance of a Dahsuskim (Special Immigration Document). The improvement in the quality of this EPO service not only provides operational benefits for the agency and the crew involved but also substantially supports the government's efforts to supervise the movement and presence of foreign workers in an orderly and legal manner. Optimizing this procedure will enhance efficiency and regulatory compliance in the port area.

Seeds that have exceeded their shelf life generally experience a decline in physiological quality, particularly in terms of viability and vigor. This study aims to determine the viability and vigor levels of several rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties of Foundation Seeds (Benih Pokok/BP) after surpassing their shelf life. The tested varieties included Inpari 16, Inpari 42, Inpari 45, Sunggal, Memberamo, and Ciherang, obtained from Wonoketro Village, Jetis Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency. The study was conducted through standard laboratory testing for germination rate and vigor. Results showed a decrease in germination capacity across all varieties, with varying degrees of decline. Inpari 45 showed a germination rate of 39%, Memberamo 33.67%, Sunggal 26.33%, and Ciherang 15.67%, compared to the initial value of 92%. These differences indicate that each variety responds differently to aging and storage conditions. The findings serve as a basis for decision-making regarding the use of expired seeds and are important for seed management in the field.

The Fangowai and Fame’e Afo traditions are important parts of Nias traditional wedding ceremonies, rich in symbolic and social values. However, modernization, time efficiency, and economic pressures have influenced their implementation. This study aims to describe the social dynamics in the implementation of Fangowai and Fame’e Afo in three villages in Botomuzoi District: Hiligodu, Ononamolo Talafu, and Lasara, with a focus on changes in the form of the procession, causal factors, and the transformation of symbolic meaning. The approach used is descriptive qualitative through observation and in-depth interviews with community leaders. customs, society, and youth, as well as field documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, and their validity was tested through source triangulation. The results showed a simplification of the time and stages of the procession, a reduction in the number of traditional figures, and an adjustment of the number of sacrificial pigs to reflect economic capacity. Symbolic transformation also occurred with the addition of cigarettes to the Bola Nafo ceremony, but the meaning of betel as a symbol of respect and brotherhood was maintained. These changes reflect the adaptation of the Nias people to the modern social context without losing the core values of tradition.

This study aims to explain the procedure for processing the Notice of Readiness (NOR) document for coal-carrying vessels at PT. Armada Lintas Baruna Bandar Lampung and to identify the consequences that occur when the NOR is submitted late or contains inaccuracies. As vessels from international shipping companies frequently call at Indonesian ports to transport coal abroad, companies must continuously improve service efficiency and reliability to support national shipping and trade performance. PT. Armada Lintas Baruna plays a key role in managing export vessels, particularly coal carriers, from loading ports to their country destinations, and the NOR serves as a crucial document through which the Ship Master declares that the vessel is fully prepared to load or discharge cargo during the charter period. The NOR service process includes several stages: verification of vessel readiness by the agent, preparation and submission of the NOR document, verification by the port authority, issuance of NOR confirmation, and document closing. Delays or errors in NOR submission can disrupt the vessel’s operational schedule, potentially causing financial losses for shipowners through demurrage charges. This paper employs both field research and library research to provide an in-depth understanding of the NOR service mechanism.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of mental workload on employee performance, the effect of work stress on employee performance, the work environment on employee performance and to analyze the effect of mental workload, work stress, and work environment simultaneously on the performance of employees of PT. Nutrisius Sari Persada. This research design uses quantitative methods with an associative approach and data collection techniques of library research and field research. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis techniques using data processing tools Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software by testing mental workload variables (X1), work stress (X2), work environment (X3) and employee performance (Y). The results of this study indicate that the mental workload variable (X1) on employee performance (Y) has a T-test value of (2.013> 1.96) and P values of (0.045 < 0.05), the work stress variable (X2) has a T-test value of (10.237> 1.96) and P values of (0, 000 < 0.05), the work environment variable (X3) has a T-test value of (2.013> 1.96) and P values of (0.045 < 0.05), so it can be concluded that the mental workload variable (X1), work stress (X2) and the work environment (X3) have an influence on employee performance (Y). While simultaneously mental workload (X1), work stress (X2) and work environment (X3) variables on employee performance (Y). The results of the analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2) obtained a value (Adjusted Rsquare) of 0.973, meaning that all independent variables are declared strong with a value of 97% and the remaining 3% is influenced by other variables outside the Mental Workload, Work Stress and Work Environment variables.

This study discusses the implications of applying Restorative Justice on legal certainty and the protection of victims' rights in cases involving repeat offenders who have committed serious assault in the jurisdiction of the Tapa Police Sector, Bone Bolango. Normatively, Indonesian Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021, Article 5(e), explicitly prohibits the application of Restorative Justice for offenders who have committed repeat criminal offenses based on court rulings. However, the research findings indicate that in practice, law enforcement officials often exercise discretion to facilitate peaceful resolutions even for repeat offenders, citing the need to maintain social relationships and avoid lengthy litigation processes. This approach raises legal certainty issues, as inconsistencies between written norms and field practices can reduce legal predictability, open the door to discrimination, and weaken both general and specific deterrent effects. From the perspective of victim protection, peaceful agreements in cases involving repeat offenders risk not fully reflecting substantive justice, as victims may be in a vulnerable position due to social pressure or unequal power dynamics. This study concludes that the application of Restorative Justice to repeat offenders needs to be strictly limited through more detailed regulations and effective oversight mechanisms, so that the principles of the rule of law, legal certainty, and victim protection are upheld. Thus, Restorative Justice can remain an important instrument in Indonesia's criminal justice system without compromising legal integrity and public safety.

PT. Pelayaran Dwi Putra Laksana Batam operates in the sector of ship security services and shipping management (shipping agency), providing support for both domestic and international voyages. Its services include handling vessel arrival and departure permits, processing entry and exit permits for foreign crew members, renewing ship and crew certificates, and managing administrative procedures for seafarers’ sign-on and sign-off documentation. The document management process begins when crew members either sign a Sea Work Agreement (PKL) for employment on Indonesian-flagged ships or enter into a work agreement for service on foreign-flagged vessels. This paper employs field observation and literature review methods to present a comprehensive description of the document processing mechanisms at PT. Pelayaran Dwi Putra Laksana Batam based on operational requirements. The discussion focuses on outlining the workflow of seafarer book sign-on procedures, starting from the shipowner’s notification regarding scheduled crew changes to final administrative completion at the Batam Special KSOP Office. The sign-on document not only verifies the crew member’s official assignment but also functions as a record of their maritime service history. Common challenges include delays in information submission from shipowners, which can prevent timely sign-on and subsequently hinder vessel clearance. Therefore, strong coordination between shipping companies and regulatory agencies is essential to ensure effective fulfillment of responsibilities in managing crew documentation.

This study aims to map the development of literature on the implementation of ISO 31000:2018 as a risk management standard through bibliometric analysis. Using VOSviewer software, this study analyzed 500 scientific articles sourced from Google Scholar. Citation metric analysis results show significant research productivity and impact, with a total of 4,514 citations, an h-index of 34, and a collaboration pattern with an average of 2.40 authors per article. Keyword network mapping identified five main thematic clusters: (1) Risk Management Operational Processes and Stages; (2) Framework and Standard Implementation; (3) Specific Analysis Methods (FMEA); (4) Enterprise Risk Management and Case Study Approaches; and (5) Technology Application. The research findings reveal that this field of study has reached a good level of maturity, with the main focus still on the technical aspects of standard implementation, but has expanded towards integration with digital transformation and enterprise-level risk management approaches. The results of this study can serve as a guide for academics and practitioners in identifying research trends and future risk management development.  

Drug abuse among university students is a serious phenomenon that affects the social, moral, and intellectual aspects of the younger generation. Students, who are ideally positioned as agents of change and drivers of national development, are often found to be vulnerable to drug abuse. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics in preventing drug abuse among university students in Lampung Province, as well as to identify its inhibiting factors. The research employs a normative juridical and empirical juridical approach, using primary and secondary data obtained through interviews, field studies, and literature reviews. Key informants include the Narcotics Directorate of the Lampung Regional Police, P4GN Unila, the Vice-Rector III for Student Affairs and Alumni at Unila, and lecturers from the Criminal Law Department at Unila. The findings show that the Lampung Regional Police have implemented preventive strategies such as counseling, campaigns, urine tests, and drug abuse education on campuses, as well as repressive strategies through law enforcement against students involved in narcotics distribution, with 283 recorded cases over the past five years. However, the effectiveness of implementation is still hindered by limited campus facilities (counseling centers, safe reporting systems), the lack of regulatory responsiveness to digital challenges, and low student trust in law enforcement. Therefore, prevention efforts need to be strengthened through cross-sectoral synergy, policy updates, and the enhancement of the role of universities in creating a safe, healthy, and drug-free campus environment.

This community service program aims to enhance the understanding of Geology Engineering students at Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara regarding environmentally sustainable mining practices. The education was delivered through lectures, interactive discussions, and local case studies relevant to mining activities in Southeast Sulawesi. These methods were chosen to encourage active participation and ensure the materials were contextually relevant to the students’ local environment and future professional field. The results indicate that students gained new insights into the implementation of good mining practice, post-mining reclamation, and mining and environmental regulations, which fostered greater awareness of the environmental and social impacts of mining. In addition, the program facilitated critical thinking and encouraged students to analyze real-world mining problems from a sustainability perspective. Consequently, this program not only improved students’ environmental literacy but also developed a sense of responsibility and commitment to supporting sustainable mining practices. It is expected that the knowledge gained will influence their future decisions as professionals in the mining sector, promoting a more sustainable and responsible industry.

Maternal and child health is an important indicator of public health development. However, at Posyandu Cendana, Bekasi, the optimal utilization of services remains low. Challenges include limited community knowledge, particularly among mothers, regarding the importance of posyandu services, low awareness of routine check-ups, and insufficient understanding among cadres in delivering clear and accessible health information. To address these issues, this community service program is designed in the form of socialization activities with participatory and educational approaches. The program covers maternal and child health education, practical training on child growth monitoring, the importance of immunization, balanced nutrition, and reproductive health. The stages include problem identification with cadres and posyandu managers, implementation through interactive lectures, group discussions, and field practice, as well as evaluation using pre-tests, post-tests, and observations of community participation. The program involves lecturers, students, posyandu cadres, and local officials to ensure sustainability. The expected outcomes include improved maternal knowledge of posyandu roles and publication of results in mass media and scientific journals.

Livestock production in rural communities relies heavily on the availability and quality of animal feed. In Aek Korsik Village, Asahan Regency, farmers continue to use manual methods to chop forage, which are time-consuming, inconsistent, and physically demanding. To address these issues, a portable forage chopper machine was designed and introduced through a community service program (KKN). The machine features a compact mechanical system powered by a small motor, making it lightweight, mobile, and easy to operate in various conditions. The implementation process included three stages: machine development, field testing, and community training. During testing, the machine efficiently processed forage materials like grass, corn stalks, and agricultural residues, producing uniform feed sizes much faster than manual methods. Farmers reported reduced workload, improved availability of chopped forage, and better livestock feeding practices. The portable design allowed the equipment to be shared among farming groups, fostering cooperation. This study underscores the role of appropriate technology in addressing rural agricultural challenges. By integrating engineering innovation with community service, the portable forage chopper machine enhances technical efficiency and socio-economic empowerment for farmers. Future improvements should focus on durability, cutting capacity, and sustainable energy alternatives to better meet the needs of smallholder farmers.

This research discusses the development of multimedia technology in the postmodern era and examines its profound influence on the life of the church. In this era, the presence of multimedia technology provides both new opportunities and complex challenges for the church in carrying out its mission and maintaining the relevance of its message. The study emphasizes that technology can serve as a bridge between tradition and modernity, helping the church to communicate values of faith more effectively to the congregation and the wider public. The research applies a qualitative approach with data collection techniques that include direct observations in the field, in-depth interviews, and analysis of related phenomena obtained from relevant sources. The findings highlight that multimedia technology has the potential to become an important mediator in connecting the context of contemporary life with the growth of the congregation’s faith, especially in worship practices, spiritual formation, and outreach activities. Thus, technology is not only a tool but also a partner in ministry.

Extreme poverty remains a major challenge in rural areas of Indonesia, including Nagori Bandar Manik, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency. The 2025 UINSU Community Service Program (KKN) was carried out to empower local communities through various activities covering economic, educational, religious, social-environmental, and health aspects. This program employed a qualitative approach by involving active community participation in needs assessment, socialization, training, and evaluation. In the economic aspect, workshops on dishwashing liquid and herbal pesticide production were implemented as alternative household businesses. The educational sector included religious moderation through a short movie screening Mabbere, anti-bullying campaigns, ecoprint totebag training, and teaching at kindergarten, elementary, and junior high school levels. In the religious field, activities included Qur’an learning after Maghrib with children and Yasin recitals for both men and women. The social-environmental aspect was realized through community clean-up, educational boards on waste decomposition, distribution of garbage bins, and environmental awareness campaigns. Meanwhile, the health aspect focused on education about clean and healthy living behaviors, stunting prevention campaigns, and community exercise. The findings revealed improvements in entrepreneurial skills, children’s literacy, spiritual values, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. The implication highlights that multidimensional community empowerment can serve as an effective strategy to reduce extreme poverty and promote sustainable village development.