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Background: The phenomenon of Gadget use among children under five is increasing and has become an inseparable part of everyday life. This raises concerns about the impact on child development. There is a risk that excessive use of Gadgets in children under five can disrupt various aspects of development, including physical, cognitive, social and emotional. Children who are too fixated on Gadgets tend to interact less with their surroundings, including with their parents and peers. This can affect their social skills in the future. Objective: The general objective of this research is to understand the impact of Gadget use on the social development of children under five. Method: This research method uses qualitative methods with interviews, observation and documentation, with 5 samples. Results: the use of Gadgets in early childhood in the Cikondang area, Citamiang District, has a significant impact on children's development, both positively and negatively. Suggestion : Efforts need to be made to limit the use of Gadgets and provide stricter supervision from parents and society as a whole to ensure children can develop optimally.

Research to determine the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services at Ade Irma Suryani I Kindergarten, Pantai Cermin District, as well as the methods applied in this research, namely qualitative research and a field study approach. The method used for data collection was observation, interviews and documentation. The subjects in this research were the principal, teacher, and 2 young children at the Ade Irma Suryani I Pantai Cermin Kindergarten.The results of this research show that the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services implemented in schools greatly influences the process of forming social emotional development in early childhood. The implementation of group guidance in this school is focused on group guidance methods and materials. The group guidance method used is by using the group guidance method. Meanwhile, group guidance materials use loose parts materials. Supporting and inhibiting factors for early childhood social emotional development depend greatly on the environment and the role of parents. The implications of group guidance in shaping the social emotional development process of early childhood show changes, where children can achieve self-understanding and relate to other people, take responsibility for themselves, and can demonstrate good social behavior.  

Healthy food is food that when we consume it will be able to meet nutritional needs in accordance with health standards to increase intelligence and rich healthy life (Dilla Ratih et al., 2022). Fulfillment of nutrition for early childhood is also one of the things that is important for child development. The purpose of this journal article is to analyze the effectiveness of the play therapy approach in increasing early childhood understanding of healthy food at Wadi Fatimah Kindergarten. The method used is participatory education-based socialization, which involves visual media, educational games, and hands-on demonstrations to increase children's involvement in learning. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in children's understanding of healthy food after participating in this activity. Children who previously lacked understanding of the difference between healthy and unhealthy foods began to be able to identify nutritious foods well. Educational games such as “Teman Sehat (Guess Healthy Food)” proved to be effective in attracting children's attention and improving their memory of healthy food concepts. However, there are challenges in consistently implementing healthy eating habits, especially due to influences from outside the school environment. Therefore, active involvement from parents and teachers is needed to maintain healthy eating habits in daily life.

Multiple nutrition remains a major problem in Indonesia, including among school-age children, which can affect the quality of human resources in the future. School-age children are a group that is vulnerable to nutritional problems because they need diverse food intake for optimal growth and development. The purpose of this activity is to determine the difference in students' knowledge about balanced nutrition before and after being given education through my nutrition diary media at SDS IT ALWahdah Kendari in 2024. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed both before and after education, using the Diari Giziku book media. Students who will receive education are 35 students. The assessment results of the paired sample t-test test show the p-value of knowledge (0.000) < α (0.05), attitude (0.000) < α (0.05), and motivation (0.000) < α (0.05), meaning that there is a difference in knowledge before and after being given education through my nutrition diary media, therefore it can be concluded that my nutrition diary media is a medium that can increase students' understanding of balanced nutrition.

The Community Service Lecture (KPM) at Universitas Sains Al-Qur'an, Central Java, in Wonosobo focuses on student development and community empowerment. Group 22 Mojotengah 2025 initiated a research-based program titled "Designing 'Aisyah Ralin' Daycare to Build an Islamic and Enjoyable Early Childhood Learning Environment in Mojotengah, Condong Hamlet." Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, the program aims to educate and train children from an early age while supporting working parents by providing a safe and nurturing childcare environment. This initiative also creates job opportunities for mothers in Mojotengah Village, contributing to community welfare. Daycare centers (TPA) play a vital role in child development by offering a space for play and learning. A well-designed, child-friendly environment ensures safety and comfort for children. The project consists of several stages: preparation (field observation), planning (space design for activities), and implementation (arranging furniture to enhance safety and efficiency). The expected outcomes include a safe and supportive daycare environment and new employment opportunities for local women, ultimately improving the quality of early childhood education and overall community welfare in Mojotengah.

The crime of molestation and sexual intercourse against children is an act that violates social norms of politeness, religion and decency. Article 28b paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia reads: "Every child has the right to survival, growth, and development and has the right to protection from violence and discrimination" The legal issue of this normative legal research: How is the criminal act of molestation and sexual intercourse against children regulated? What is the form of legal protection for children as victims of sexual acts and sexual intercourse? The crime of molestation is regulated in Articles 289 to 295 of the Criminal Code, Law No. 35 of 2014: It is an amendment to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, which affirms the prohibition of violence or threats against children (Article 76E) and establishes prison sanctions of between 5 to 15 years for perpetrators (Article 82) and Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning the Crime of Sexual Violence. The form of legal protection for children as victims of criminal acts of molestation and sexual intercourse is Physical and Psychological Protection, Victims' children have the right to physical protection to ensure safety from the threat of the perpetrator, through the arrest of the perpetrator with sufficient preliminary evidence. Psychological protection is provided with rehabilitation, counseling, and psychosocial assistance during the legal process until recovery. 2. Confidentiality of the identity of the victim; 3. Legal and Social Assistance; 4. Restitution and Restoration of Rights; 5. Strict Law Enforcement.

Many symptoms appear as signs of moral decline such as free association, violence, crime, and other deviant and reprehensible behavior. Some of the impacts that have been seen include the lack of children's ability to communicate, wanting everything instant without having to know the process, having an egotistical character and many more. This then needs to be realized that it is the responsibility of parents, educators, society, even the nation and state to protect children, especially in the field of morals and character. Here, teachers have a major role in shaping students' character through role models, cooperation between teachers, and positive behavioral habits. In shaping the character of students who are moral, this study identifies effective curriculum management strategies, such as the development of relevant syllabuses, the use of interactive teaching methods, and ongoing teacher training. In addition, this journal emphasizes the importance of collaboration between stakeholders, including teachers, supervisors, parents, and communities, as well as the use of information technology to improve the quality of Islamic religious education. And the implementation of effective strategies for Islamic Education teachers instills leadership character, honesty, and noble morals in students. So it can be concluded that the environment and rapid technological developments have a high influence on students' character, thus causing a decline in students' character, especially in terms of morals and ethics.

This study aimed to measure the impact of an educational program on developing emotional intelligence skills among fifth-grade primary school students in several mixed-gender schools in Baghdad. The research adopted the experimental scientific method, utilizing a pre-test and post-test design for two groups. The sample was randomly selected from a research population of 150 students, with 100 students chosen as the study sample. These students were divided into two equal groups: a control group (50 students) and an experimental group (50 students). The educational program was designed based on free dialogue, storytelling, as well as games and activities that help children understand and develop emotional intelligence skills in a smooth and constructive manner. The program was implemented over a period of 12 weeks, from March 1, 2024, to June 1, 2024, exclusively for the experimental group. Daniel Goleman’s 2002 emotional intelligence model was used as a measurement tool, as it is suitable for the age group of the study sample. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the pre-test and post-test, demonstrating the clear impact of the program on the experimental group. Additionally, the results showed no statistically significant differences between male and female students within the experimental group. The researcher recommends adopting the program in primary schools and suggests organizing training courses for primary school teachers on intelligence development in children. Furthermore, the researcher proposes integrating intelligence development into teacher guides and increasing activities that focus on enhancing cognitive abilities.

Introduction to measuring tools is an important step in early childhood learning to help them understand basic measurement concepts such as length, weight and volume. Prescholl dan kindergarten at Nurul Ma'arif, this activity is designed with a creative and fun approach, so as to increase children's interest in learning. Through the use of simple measuring tools such as rulers, scales and measuring cups, children not only learn to recognize concrete sizes, but also develop cognitive, motor and logical skills. The implementation of this learning supports the achievement of holistic early childhood education goals, namely forming an intelligent, critical and innovative generation from an early age. The research used the classroom action research (PTK) method which consisted of two cycles, involving 5 children aged 4–5 years as subjects. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research show that a play and experimental approach with simple measuring tools, such as rulers, stopwatches and weight scales, and clocks can increase children's understanding of the concept of measurement. Children become more active and enthusiastic in learning, with an increase in their ability to recognize length, determine body weight, recognize time and running speed. This research concludes that play and experimental approaches are effective for introducing measurement concepts to young children, as well as supporting the development of their fine motor and cognitive skills.

Children are an investment in human resources (HR) that require special attention to the adequacy of their nutritional status from birth, even from the womb. Nutrients from food are the main source to meet the needs of children for optimal growth and development so that they can achieve complete health, namely physical, mental, and social health. This counseling activity was carried out in the Pukdale Village area, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency on Saturday, December 14, 2024, starting at 09.00 WITA. As the implementing staff are 4 supervisors of D-III Midwifery STIKes Maranatha Kupang. The number of mothers under five who participated in counseling was 30 mothers. This service activity began with the distribution of questionnaires (pre-test) before counseling, then the distribution of counseling leaflets and continued with counseling. The evaluation was carried out by providing a questionnaire (post-test) to evaluate the mother's knowledge. The evaluation was carried out when the counseling was completed, about 30 minutes after the counseling.

A healthy lifestyle is an important foundation in achieving a good quality of life. Physical education in schools plays a significant role in introducing and instilling healthy living habits in children from an early age. In addition, the role of parents as primary educators at home is crucial in supporting and strengthening healthy habits taught in schools. Collaboration between physical education and education from parents can create a conducive environment for children to adopt a healthy lifestyle sustainably. This activity was carried out in Timbuolo Village, Botupingge District, Bone Bolango Regency, and attended by the village head, teachers, principals, and parents. Through this Community Service socialization activity, it is hoped that parents can increase their insight into Health and a healthy lifestyle so that children can develop according to their developmental stages

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood marked by rapid physical, psychological, and social changes. One important aspect in adolescent development is mental health, which plays a role in forming healthy, resilient, and productive individuals. However, awareness of mental health among adolescents is still relatively low, as found in observations at MAN 2 Surakarta. Increasing awareness of mental health problems and support from family, friends, and the wider community is needed to create a healthy and productive young generation. From the author's observations at MAN 2 Surakarta, it was found that some students were not yet familiar with the concept of mental health, so this community service activity was carried out. Therefore, this community service activity was carried out to increase student awareness of the importance of mental health, provide education, and develop stress management skills. This activity involves delivering materials, discussions, and practicing relaxation techniques such as the butterfly hug. The purpose of this activity is to increase awareness of the importance of mental health, provide education about mental health, and also develop stress management skills. So that students are expected to be able to live a healthier and stronger life both mentally and emotionally. It is also hoped that students can become mentally strong individuals who also have positive behavior for themselves and their surroundings. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding of mental health, with positive and enthusiastic responses from participants.

Stunting is a condition that occurs due to a lack of nutritional intake over a long period of time, thus inhibiting a child's growth. As the next generation of the nation, children need special attention in terms of their growth and development. Fulfillment of nutrition must begin before pregnancy, continued with exclusive breastfeeding after the baby is born, and continued with balanced nutritious food according to the stage of growth. This study was conducted using a literature study method to collect data related to efforts to reduce stunting rates in toddlers. The results of the study showed that community education through counseling and health education can increase understanding of nutrition and good parenting patterns. In addition, programs such as providing eggs in villages and the involvement of integrated health post cadres in early detection have also proven effective in reducing stunting rates in toddlers.

Malnutrition remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. Tempeh, a fermented soybean product, is highly nutritious and has the potential to address malnutrition. The fermentation process by Rhizopus oligosporus enhances the bioavailability of essential nutrients such as protein, iron, and vitamin B12, which are crucial for growth and development. Additionally, tempeh contains natural prebiotics and probiotics that support digestive health and improve nutrient absorption. A literature review in this study indicates that regular consumption of tempeh can help improve nutritional status, particularly among vulnerable groups such as children and pregnant women. With its affordability and wide availability, tempeh serves as a sustainable food solution that can be optimized to reduce malnutrition rates in Indonesia.

Toddlers are children under five years old who experience rapid growth and development, requiring adequate nutrition. However, they are also vulnerable to nutritional problems such as stunting, obesity, overweight, and undernutrition. The main cause of these issues is inadequate nutrient intake that does not meet their needs. Various efforts have been made to address this, including supplementary feeding (PMT), health promotion, counseling, immunization, and monitoring of growth and development. This study aims to identify effective nutritional interventions for addressing undernutrition in toddlers. A systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA-ScR. Articles were sourced from Science Direct, PubMed, DOAJ, Google Scholar, and Garuda using the keywords nutrition intervention OR underweight AND toddler. Out of 765 articles found, six met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate that nutritional interventions can be categorized into PMT and nutrition education, with an average intervention duration of three months for children aged 6–59 months. The Emo Demo method was found to be twice as effective in improving nutritional status based on the BB/U and BB/TB indices. In conclusion, the Emo Demo method can be an effective intervention choice to combat undernutrition in toddlers.

The role of parents is an important factor in the process of child development. Parents play a role in ensuring that children are healthy and safe by providing facilities and infrastructure to develop social skills and character and media to instill social and cultural values ​​as early as possible. Parents provide affection, acceptance, appreciation, recognition, and direction or guidance to their children. The relationship between parents and children is very important for building trust in others and themselves. It can also help the child's social, emotional and cognitive development. Research shows that a warm, open and communicative parent-child relationship; having reasonable age limits; and communicating why children should not do something will increase self-confidence and achievement in school and society.

Physical punishment of children, such as hitting, remains a common practice in education. This study examines the negative impact of physical punishment on learning effectiveness, psychological aspects, and students' academic performance. Research indicates that children who experience physical violence tend to suffer from anxiety, stress, and low motivation to learn, resulting in lower academic achievement. Additionally, physical punishment can lead to emotional disturbances, the development of aggressive behavior, and a decline in social skills. To reduce the practice of physical violence in schools, strategies such as implementing positive discipline, strengthening character education, and increasing awareness among educators and parents about the harmful effects of physical punishment are necessary.

Young children's lives have been profoundly impacted by the quick growth of digital technology in the age of globalization, especially in light of their easy access to electronic gadgets like computers, tablets, and smartphones. Early childhood education has additional difficulties as a result of this circumstance, particularly with regard to digital literacy. The ability to properly comprehend, use, and critically assess digital information is a crucial component of digital literacy. Lack of this ability puts children at risk for negative effects include exposure to unsuitable content for their age, trouble sifting information, and gadget addiction. This study used a library research approach to investigate the importance of digital literacy for young children. The results showed that in order to enhance children's cognitive, social, and emotional development in the digital age, digital literacy must be ingrained from a young age. Additionally, digital literacy is anticipated to be a key component in preparing Indonesia's Golden Generation of 2045, allowing children to develop into critical, imaginative, and astute tech users.

Febrile seizures are a common neurological condition occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with an incidence rate of 2-5%. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to prevent long-term developmental impacts. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the classification of febrile seizures and child development in the working area of the Barus Jahe Health Center, Barus Jahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2023. The research used an observational method with a qualitative descriptive design, collecting data through interviews and physical measurements from 10 children who experienced seizures. The results showed that 70% of the children who experienced seizures were older than 1 year, while 30% were under 1 year old. In terms of gender, 60% of the children were male and 40% were female. Regarding seizure classification, 70% of the children had simple seizures, and 30% had complex seizures. Concerning child development, 60% showed normal development, 20% showed questionable development, and 20% required further monitoring. This study highlights the importance of appropriate management to prevent developmental issues resulting from febrile seizures.

Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants are at high risk for complications and are one of the leading causes of infant mortality in Indonesia, including in Aceh Province, where infant mortality rates are significant. This study aims to analyze the impact of LBW infant care on child development in the working area of Langsa Timur Health Center, Langsa Timur District, Langsa City, Aceh Province, in 2023. The research used a qualitative approach, conducting interviews with mothers and infants with a history of LBW. Data analysis was performed descriptively using univariate analysis to identify the characteristics of mothers and infants, as well as child development. The results showed that the majority of mothers (80%) were under 35 years old, had secondary education (100%), and were housewives (100%). The majority of infants were female (60%), and most had appropriate development (60%). The majority of infants had a history of LBW (60%). The findings suggest that appropriate care for LBW infants plays a crucial role in supporting child development and is expected to contribute to efforts to reduce LBW rates and infant mortality in the region, as well as improving the quality of maternal and child healthcare services.