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This qualitative literature review examines the key predictors of SME recovery from severe financial distress, focusing on financial blockages, employee dynamics, and turnaround success. The study synthesizes findings from various sources to highlight how financial challenges such as liquidity shortages and limited access to credit hinder recovery, while government support and alternative financing offer potential solutions. Additionally, employee engagement, organizational culture, and strategic leadership are identified as critical factors in successful turnaround efforts. SMEs that foster innovation, adaptability, and retain key employees are more likely to overcome financial crises. The review emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach, combining financial relief, strategic leadership, and organizational resilience, for long-term SME recovery. The findings suggest avenues for future research on the interaction of these factors and their context-specific impacts.

This training aims to empower the Youth Organization of Sinar Bhakti Village to optimize Instagram as a medium for information dissemination and community services. The main problem identified is the lack of understanding and skills among Youth Organization members in effectively utilizing social media to support local activities and community needs. The training methods included material delivery through presentations, group discussions, and hands-on practices with a participatory approach. Participants were trained to create relevant, engaging, and informative content and learned professional techniques for managing Instagram accounts. The results of the training revealed that participants gained a better understanding of digital communication strategies, such as utilizing Instagram features to disseminate information, promote village activities, and enhance community interaction. Participants also demonstrated increased confidence in managing social media as a primary means of communication with the community. Overall, this training successfully enhanced the capacity of the Youth Organization to leverage digital technology for empowering local communities.

This study aims to examine the impact of digital marketing training focused on the utilization of WhatsApp Business and Shopee in driving the digital transformation of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the food sector in Kedungjambe Village. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research evaluates the effectiveness of training on creating engaging promotional content on WhatsApp Business and managing online stores on Shopee to enhance product visibility, expand market reach, and improve MSME sales performance. The findings reveal that equipping MSMEs with skills to optimize features on these platforms, such as creating appealing product catalogs, utilizing broadcast features, and managing online stores effectively on Shopee, significantly enhances customer interaction and the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. In addition to positively impacting sales growth, the training also accelerates digital technology adoption among MSMEs, enabling them to compete more effectively in an increasingly competitive market. These findings highlight the importance of targeted and sustainable training programs in supporting the growth of MSMEs in the digital age.

Familicide or murder of a nuclear family member. Urbanization in Japan has exacerbated the risk of familicide by changing patterns of social interaction and increasing life stress. Unfortunately, Japan's criminal policy still has weaknesses in detecting and preventing familicide. This study aims to explore the phenomenon of familicide in urban Japanese society through a critical analysis of existing criminal policies. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that although the crime rate in Japan is relatively low, familicide remains a crucial issue that reveals fundamental weaknesses in the country's criminal policy. The legal approach that emphasizes post-incident responses, without being supported by adequate early prevention mechanisms, indicates an urgent need to reform the policy. Reforms must include proactive efforts to detect potential risks and implement coordinated interventions to prevent violence.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the duration of young coconut water soaking and different growing media on the viability of Arabica coffee seeds after mechanical scarification, as well as to identify the interaction between these two factors. This research was conducted over a period of three months, from July to September 2023, at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Samudra University, Langsa City. The study was designed using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern, consisting of two factors: (1) the duration of soaking in young coconut water, which included 4 levels: L0 = Control, L1 = 3 hours, L2 = 6 hours, and L3 = 9 hours; and (2) growing media, which included 3 levels: M1 = Soil: manure, M2 = Soil: manure: rice husk, and M3 = Soil: manure: cocopeat. The parameters observed in this study were maximum growth potential, germination rate, seedling height, root length, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight. The results showed that the duration of soaking in young coconut water did not have any significant effect on all observed parameters. However, different growing media had a highly significant effect on maximum growth potential, germination rate, seedling height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of the Arabica coffee seedlings. The M1 treatment gave the best results for maximum growth potential, germination rate, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight, while the M3 treatment provided the best results for seedling height and root length of Arabica coffee seeds. There was no interaction between the duration of young coconut water soaking and different growing media on all parameters of Arabica coffee seed viability.  

This study aims to increase brand awareness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kedungjambe Village by optimizing the use of WhatsApp Business and the Shopee e-commerce platform. The main problem faced by MSMEs is low competitiveness due to lack of visibility among consumers. The proposed solution includes training in digital marketing strategies with a focus on managing WhatsApp Business accounts for more effective communication with customers, as well as utilizing Shopee features to expand the market. MSME actors were given training in creating attractive promotional content on WhatsApp Business, using broadcast features for direct interaction, and managing online stores on Shopee, including optimizing product descriptions, stock management, and sales analysis. In addition, a simulation of utilizing Shopee as a strategic sales channel was also carried out to strengthen the marketing experience. The results of this activity showed a significant increase in brand awareness, the number of customers connected via WhatsApp Business, and sales volume on Shopee for participating MSMEs.

This study examines the ethics of social media use from the perspective of hadith and verses of the Qur'an with a focus on privacy and social responsibility. Social media, as a dominant communication tool, is often misused, resulting in privacy violations, the spread of inaccurate information, and other negative impacts. This study uses a literature approach to authentic hadiths and interpretations of verses of the Qur'an. The results of the study show that Islam prohibits the actions of tajasuss (spying) and ghibah (backbiting), as emphasized in the hadith: "Whoever spies on others, Allah will spy on him." In addition, QS. Al-Isra: 36 reminds us of the importance of verifying information before it is disseminated. The principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar requires social media users to encourage goodness, share positive content, and avoid destructive behavior, such as bullying or the spread of inappropriate content. The application of Islamic ethics in social media can reduce the negative impacts of technology while creating safer and more beneficial interactions in cyberspace.  

This research analyzes the public relations communication strategy implemented by Pratama Bina Medika Clinic in building brand awareness as a new health facility. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach with data collection techniques using interviews and literature studies to determine the effectiveness of direct marketing strategies (direct selling), word of mouth communication (WOM), and digital marketing in introducing health services (clinics) to the public. The research results show that the direct selling strategy through visits to posyandu is effective in building personal relationships with the community, increasing trust, and expanding brand awareness. WOM communication, both directly and via social media, supports the dissemination of wider and more reliable information. The use of digital marketing through social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram expands the reach of information and facilitates interaction with the public. This holistic approach has succeeded in creating a positive image of the clinic as a provider of quality and affordable health services, while increasing public trust in the services offered.

Learning via YouTube is now widely practiced by educational content creators. In this case, the use of speech used in the delivery of learning should be considered. The use of speech affects the understanding of viewers or students when watching the learning video. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the locutionary speech acts in the Indonesian language learning videos of class VIII SMP on Helza RN's YouTube channel and the effectiveness of the use of speech. Descriptive qualitative research method is used to analyze the related data. The approach used in this research is the theoretical approach, namely the pragmatic approach by analyzing the types of speech acts and the intentions in them. The researcher uses listening and recording techniques to find out the locution utterances in the Indonesian language learning video for class VIII junior high school on Helza RN's YouTube channel, then the researcher analyzes the speech acts related to the context with the commensurate method. From the data analysis that has been done, it is found that there are 202 declarative speech acts, 14 interrogative speech acts, and 19 imperative speech acts that make the learning video provide a complete explanation of the material, but there is a lack of interaction between Helza Rn and viewers. The results of this study are expected to increase readers' understanding of locutionary speech acts and their types. And can be a reference for other content creators, especially in making learning videos so that they are more interesting and interactive.

Learning via YouTube is now widely practiced by educational content creators. In this case, the use of speech used in the delivery of learning should be considered. The use of speech affects the understanding of viewers or students when watching the learning video. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the locutionary speech acts in the Indonesian language learning videos of class VIII SMP on Helza RN's YouTube channel and the effectiveness of the use of speech. Descriptive qualitative research method is used to analyze the related data. The approach used in this research is the theoretical approach, namely the pragmatic approach by analyzing the types of speech acts and the intentions in them. The researcher uses listening and recording techniques to find out the locution utterances in the Indonesian language learning video for class VIII junior high school on Helza RN's YouTube channel, then the researcher analyzes the speech acts related to the context with the commensurate method. From the data analysis that has been done, it is found that there are 202 declarative speech acts, 14 interrogative speech acts, and 19 imperative speech acts that make the learning video provide a complete explanation of the material, but there is a lack of interaction between Helza Rn and viewers. The results of this study are expected to increase readers' understanding of locutionary speech acts and their types. And can be a reference for other content creators, especially in making learning videos so that they are more interesting and interactive.

Goals Performance measurement is a process used to assess the extent to which an individual or organization has achieved the goals that have been set. Existing research explains the relationship between price, promotion, satisfaction, and loyalty, but many aim to explore one aspect without considering the dynamics of the interaction between price and promotion. In some contexts, lower prices are not always matched by high levels of satisfaction, indicating the need for further research. The Balanced Scorecard method can also be used to measure company performance. PT Dunkin Donat is a private company operating in the well-known food and beverage sector. To be able to have an advantage in rapid business competition, PT Dunkin Donat Unggul needs to have an appropriate performance measurement system framework. The following are the research results: 1). Service: The service provided by Dunkin Donuts is considered quite good for consumer needs, 2). Facilities: the facilities provided to consumers are considered quite good in terms of cleanliness and comfort, 3). Menu: the menu served by Dunkin Donuts is quite good because there are various types of menus that suit consumer tastes, dan 4). Appearance: the appearance of Dunkin Donuts employees is quite good because they look attractive so that consumers feel comfortable.

Self-identity formation is essential to individual development and is influenced by social environments and life experiences. This study draws on Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development to understand how the interaction between the environment and individual experiences shapes identity formation in response to expectations and efforts. Social environments, such as family, friends, and community, provide a framework of values and norms that shape an individual’s initial identity, while personal experiences in managing expectations and efforts either reinforce or challenge this framework. The study concludes that balancing environmental support and experiential challenges enables individuals to develop a strong and flexible identity. The implications of this research highlight the importance of creating environments that support self-reflection and learning from experiences to foster healthy identity development.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Quiz application as an interactive learning medium to enhance cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking skills among fourth-grade elementary school students (SD/MI). The Classroom Action Research (CAR) method was employed to analyze the impact of digital quiz-based learning on students. The study was conducted over two cycles, which included planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results indicated that the use of the Quiz application could improve student cooperation through interaction and group collaboration, foster creativity through innovative problem-solving, and enhance critical thinking skills through analysis and evaluation of issues. Improvement was reflected in the average achievement scores for indicators of cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking, which reached 85%, 82%, and 80% respectively in the second cycle. This research concludes that the Quiz application, as an interactive learning medium, can create a dynamic, enjoyable, and meaningful learning atmosphere, and is relevant to the needs of today's digital generation.

This study aims to analyze the interaction and response of viewers on social media to the soap opera Asmara Gen Z using the Uses and Gratification theory. The research method used is a qualitative approach with interaction and response analysis, as well as in-depth interviews with active viewers. The results of the study indicate that the main motivation of viewers in watching the soap opera Asmara Gen Z is because of the presence of young actors and actresses who are relatable to their lives, an interesting and diverse storyline, and a hit soundtrack. This soap opera also succeeded in building hype through social media with active interaction from the players. These findings indicate that the soap opera Asmara Gen Z meets various audience needs, including cognitive, affective, personal identity, social integration and interaction, and escape needs. This study provides insight into how soap operas can create high engagement on social media and provides implications for entertainment content marketing strategies in the digital era.

Adolescent identity is formed through complex interactions between various factors, in which school plays a crucial role. Schools not only serve as places of academic learning, but also as social arenas where adolescents develop interpersonal skills, values, and behavior.  Factors such as relationships with peers, support from teachers, participation in extracurricular activities, and curriculum implementation all contribute to the identity formation process. This article highlights how a positive and supportive school environment can help teenagers discover their identity, build self-confidence, and develop their potential optimally. By understanding this role, it is hoped that a holistic and inclusive educational ecosystem can be created, which supports the development of adolescents towards a healthy and constructive direction. Context has been identified as an important factor in adolescent identity formation. Education plays a very important role in shaping an individual's ethics, responsibility and intelligence. An effective educational process is expected to develop students' attitudes, knowledge and skills so that they can adapt optimally to their social environment. In this context, social interactions in the school environment, especially with peers, teachers and school staff, greatly influence the formation of adolescents' self-identity. This identity formation involves a dynamic interaction between internal and external factors, where the school environment plays a significant role in shaping teenagers' thought patterns, values, attitudes and behavior. Peers serve as social references that influence adolescents' self-confidence and self-esteem, while relationships with teachers provide emotional guidance and character formation. Apart from that, social media also influences the way teenagers present themselves in the digital world. The formation of a healthy self-identity in adolescents is very dependent on an inclusive, supportive environment, as well as cooperation between schools and parents. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of social interactions in the school environment as a factor that supports the development of a positive identity in adolescents and prepares them to face life challenges in the future.

Science Education (IPA) has a very important role in the development of science, technology, and in forming critical and analytical thinking patterns of students. Through science learning, students not only gain knowledge about scientific concepts, but are also trained to think critically, systematically, and creatively in dealing with various problems. One aspect that influences the success of science learning is cognitive psychology, which focuses on how individuals process, store, and remember information. Cognitive psychology plays an important role in designing effective learning strategies, which are tailored to the way students understand and manage information. In addition, the learning paradigm used in science education also greatly influences the success of learning. The two main paradigms that are widely considered in science learning are absolutism and constructivism. The absolutism paradigm argues that knowledge is absolute and must be accepted without change, while the constructivism paradigm assumes that knowledge is built through experience and active interaction with the environment. This article aims to explore how the tradition of cognitive psychology influences science learning and examines the differences in the impact of the two paradigms in the context of science education in Indonesia. This discussion is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the importance of applying cognitive psychology and selecting the right learning paradigm in improving the quality of science education.

This study aims to measure user satisfaction with the Booking Bromo website using the Modified WebQual 4.0 method. The website is used by tourists to book entrance tickets to Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS); however, there have been complaints about service quality, such as frequent server inaccessibility, a monotonous website design, and a lack of community interaction features. Using a quantitative approach, the study involved 338 respondents who were users of the Booking Bromo website. Data were collected through a questionnaire measuring variables such as Usability Quality, Information Quality, Service Interaction Quality, Visual Quality, and User Satisfaction. The results show that Usability Quality and Information Quality significantly influence User Satisfaction, while Service Interaction Quality requires improvement, particularly in transaction security and user communication features. This study provides recommendations to enhance website service quality and features to improve user satisfaction, such as improving server stability, providing clearer information, and adding more interactive community communication features. 

The Madurese language, which is used by the Madurese ethnic community both on Madura Island and outside the island, has significant dialect diversity. The mobility of the Madurese people and interaction with the Javanese language on the island of Java resulted in a mixture of dialects, which influenced the formation of new vocabulary through morphophonemic processes. This research aims to analyze the affixation process in Madurese, especially the use of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in the Sekar Assre’ 4 textbook. In this research, the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} are analyzed based on form, function , and its meaning in the formation of verbs, adjectives and nouns. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with listening and listening methods, as well as data analysis techniques such as drop and replace. The research results show that the prefix {-e} and its allomorphs (e-, epa-, eka-) function to form passive verbs and adjectives, while the prefix {pa-} functions to form nouns, especially those related to certain professions or activities . It is hoped that this research can contribute to understanding the morphological structure of the Madurese language, especially related to the role of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in everyday communication and in learning Madurese in schools.

Lust is a fundamental element in shaping human behavior. As an emotional and biological impulse, lust influences a variety of individual actions, both consciously and unconsciously. This study aims to explore the impact of lust on human behavior from a social, psychological, and moral perspective. With a qualitative approach, the study involves in-depth literature analysis as well as structured interviews with purposively selected respondents. The results of the study show that lust has a major impact on individual decision-making, social interaction, and moral tendencies. The ability to control lust can improve the quality of positive behavior, while failure to control it often leads to destructive behavior, such as aggression or abuse of authority. The study highlights the importance of character education and strengthening spiritual values to help individuals manage lust effectively to reduce the impact of .

Drug interactions can occur when drugs are administered simultaneously with other drugs, both pharmacologically and clinically. This study aims to identify drug interactions that occur in prescriptions with patients experiencing endocrine system disorders for the period July 2024 at Hospital X, Bandung City. Endocrine disorders, involving hormonal dysfunction such as that of the thyroid, adrenals, or pancreas, can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, thereby increasing the risk of interactions. This research method involved randomly collecting two prescriptions per day, with a total of 60 recipes analyzed. The results of the assessment showed that there were 15 potential drug interactions with a percentage of 25%, consisting of one minor interaction (6.67%), 15 moderate interactions (93.33%), and no major interactions were found.