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Cyperaceae is a family of liliopsida plants. Plants belonging to the cyperaaceae are a puzzle. This study aims to determine the diversity and morphological characteristics of the Cyperaceae family in the Rajasanagara Cibiru Residential Area, Bandung. The research was carried out by direct observation, then the results of these observations were described. Cyperus species were found with the species cyperus alternifolius and cyperus kyllingia. The two species have similarities and differences respectively.  

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi pembelajaran PPKn dalammeningkatkan karakter toleransi. (2) untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru PPKn dalam membentukkarakter toleransi. (3) untuk menganalisis kesulitan apa saja yang dialami guru PPKn dan pesertadidik dalam upaya tersebut.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Kebakkramat. Subjek dalam penelitian iniadalah Kepala sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah, Guru PPKn, dan siswa kelas VII yang berjumlah 11siswa di SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Kebakkramat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukanyaitu dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Guru tidak hanya serta mengajar memberikan materi sajanamun juga memberikan contoh-contoh untuk di implementasikan dengan peserta didik, memberimotivasi menjadi penggerak menjadi mentor dan menyemangati untuk terus mengembangkankarakter yang baik. (2) Upaya atau peran guru PPKn dalam membentuk sikap toleransi melaluikompetensi dasar yang sesuai dengan materi Kebaragaman Masyarakat Indonesia di integrasikandengan RPP. (3) Faktor pendorong dan faktor penghambat yang dapat membentuk karakter toleransipada siswa kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Kebakkramat: a) Faktor pendorong: Kebjikan sekolah,memiliki rasa peduli, dan menghargai perbedaan. b) Faktor penghambat: Mementingkan diri sendiridan memilih dalam berteman.

Interfaith marriage is a complex issue and often becomes a subject of debate in Indonesian society. In both legal and religious contexts, this type of marriage faces various challenges, particularly from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and the Indonesian Marriage Law. This journal aims to analyze the problems surrounding interfaith marriage in Indonesia by examining Islamic legal views, regulatory frameworks, and the resulting social implications. From the fiqh perspective, the majority of scholars agree that a Muslim woman is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim man, whereas the marriage of a Muslim man to a woman from the People of the Book (Ahl al-Kitab) remains a topic of debate, depending on social context and public interest (maslahah). This reflects how Islamic law prioritizes the stability of faith (aqidah), household leadership, and the continuation of religious values in the upbringing of children. From the standpoint of national law, Indonesia’s Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974 places the validity of a marriage under the religious laws of the respective parties, making it difficult for interfaith marriages to be officially registered. As a result, such couples often face administrative barriers, issues in inheritance law, child custody rights, and social discrimination. This study concludes that a fair and constructive approach is necessary in addressing this issue, while preserving religious principles and maintaining social harmony in Indonesian society.  

The problem in this study is whether the use of rhetorical and figurative language styles in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at Islamic events is beautiful, and its implications for Indonesian learning in high school. The purpose of this study is to describe the rhetorical and figurative language style in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at Islamic events is beautiful, and its implications for Indonesian learning in high school. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The source of research data is the speech in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at the Islamic event was beautiful for the period 2015-2016. In this study, the data collection technique is the listen and record technique, and the sampling technique is purposive sampling (random). Based on the results of the overall analysis, the author concludes that the language style in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at the Islamic event is beautiful is a rhetorical language style including repetition, alliteration, apostrophe, asindeton, pleonasm, tautology, erothesis or rhetorical questions, prolepsis, correction, and hyperbole, then figurative language styles include equations or similes, metaphors, and allegories. The implications of language style on Indonesian language learning in high school are the learning material for grade XI students in odd semesters about analyzing content, structure, and language in lectures. Indonesian is also used in da'wah activities, both by ustadz and missionaries in Islam, as well as by evangelists in Christianity. Indonesian used to convey religious teachings and to communicate with people who do not know religion. The use of Indonesian in da'wah makes it easier for preachers to convey religious messages to the wider community. In addition, Indonesian is also used in mass media, such as television, radio, and newspapers to convey da'wah to the public.    

The results showed that 1) The application of the boarding school program to the learning achievement of PAI at SMP Muhammadiyah Banjarnegara was carried out by the first teacher of the worship practice program, namely the midnight prayer in congregation, morning prayer and morning dhikr, rote deposit, congregational midday prayer, afternoon prayer, evening prayer, muroja'ah memorization, maghrib prayer, tadarus and evening prayer. Second, teaching the book, namely the program teaching the book, which proves that students can understand more deeply about the science of monotheism, worship, muamalah, and morals. The four programs for developing English and Arabic skills have been proven to be able to increase PAI learning achievement because more PAI material relates to the Al-Qur'an and Hadith so that mastery of Arabic is important. The learning achievement of Islamic boarding school students is relatively good, this can be seen from the acquisition of report cards which have a value above 80. 2) The obstacle to the application of the boarding school program on Islamic education learning achievement is the existence of scouting activities, the practice of midnight prayers and obligatory prayers which require supervision, low student participation and relatively weak student memorization. 3) Solutions to the constraints of implementing the boarding school program on Islamic education learning achievement, namely dormitory programs and activities carried out regularly, teachers providing assistance in worship, giving awards or rewards to students who are role models for other students, strengthening the physical and psychological aspects of students and the existence of support full of subject teachers and tahfidz teachers for the sake of creating hafidz as the school wants.

Puisi menjadi salah satu karya sastra yang di dalamnya mengandung nilai moral religi dan sosial yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan pendidikan karakter salah satunya karakter toleransi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai moral religi dan sosial yang terkandung dalam antologi puisi “Kusebut Nama-Mu dalam Seribu Warna” karya Achmad Subchan Darussalam bin ‘Umar, dkk. serta mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan hasil analisis antologi puisi “Kusebut Nama-Mu dalam Seribu Warna” karya Achmad Subchan Darussalam bin ‘Umar, dkk. sebagai peningkatan karakter toleransi peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif deksriptif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran apresiasi puisi di sekolah. Selain itu juga dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan karakter toleransi peserta didik, seperti menghormati dan menghargai keberagaman, memberi pesan kebijaksanaan dan kasih sayang, membuka pandangan baru terhadap keberagaman, menginspirasi dalam berdialog dan berinterkasi dengan sesama, dan membangun kepedulian. Nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam antologi puisi “Kusebut Nama-Mu dalam Seribu Warna” karya Achmad Subchan Darussalam bin ‘Umar, dkk. juga sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan nasional. 

Background: The burden of malnutrition in Indonesia is quite large, with more than a quarter of the adolescent population aged 16-18 years, 27 percent experiencing stunting and 8 percent being underweight, the prevalence of anemia in young women aged 13-18 years is 22.7 percent. The highest prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in women of childbearing age is experienced by adolescents aged 15-19 years, reaching 36.3%. Nutritional problems in adolescents have serious implications for the health of young people, affecting the well-being of current and future generations, as well as the economy and health of countries. In particular, the nutritional status of adolescent girls is closely related to pregnancy outcomes and the health and survival of mothers and children. Objective: To identify the diversity of food consumption and nutritional status of young women who live in boarding houses Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design that aims to identify the diversity of food consumption and nutritional status of female adolescents living in boarding houses. The sample in this study were young women who had just entered higher education at the age of 18-19 years, who lived in boarding houses, totaling 49 people. The diversity of food consumption was identified using the Semi Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Nutritional status was assessed based on body mass index and upper arm circumference. Results: The diversity of food consumption of respondents was low at 46.9%, the nutritional status based on BMI was mostly in the normal category, namely 71.42%, the nutritional status based on the LiLA category was lacking, namely 46.93%, there was no relationship between BMI and diversity in food consumption (P Value 0.13, but there is a significant relationship between the diversity of food consumption and LiLA (P Value 0.02). Conclusion: Diversity in food consumption is low and there are nutritional problems in young women living in boarding houses.

This thesis aims to: 1) find out the implementation of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 2) to find out about programs of Islamic religious and moral education activities at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 3) to find out strategies for strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 4) to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo.This thesis uses a qualitative research approach where the type of research is descriptive. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. As for data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.The results showed that: 1) The implementation of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo is carried out almost every day and routinely, as a habituation activity to shape the character of students with noble character. 2) Programs to strengthen the learning of Islamic religious education and morals consist of routine daily programs, namely: congregational prayers, weekly routine programs, namely: Friday prayers, women's affairs, religious literacy every Friday morning, and KKI activities (Islamic study groups), and programs annual routine, namely: Maulid Nabi, isro' Mi'raj, and Ramadhan Islamic Boarding School. 3) Strategies carried out by the school in increasing student motivation using various models of methods, including lectures, discussions and questions and answers, and through pamphlets and social media. 4) The supporting and inhibiting factors of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals make the benchmark for the success of activities carried out in schools.

Seorang anak di saat usia remaja dan menjelang dewasa membutuhkan kasing dan dikarenakan atas potensi dri seorang ibu anak pad ornag tua sudah tidak perduli dan hal Ini menyebabkan permasalahan yang berat dari nilai dan aspek respon. Akan tetapi anak ini seharusnya bisa bermain selayaknya anak pada umumnya dan bukannya tidak diperdulikan. menyatakan pada penelitian kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan pada natural setting dan teknik pengumpulan data lebih banyak pada pengumpulan berperan serta, menganalisa dark teori mendalam Pola karaktersitik anak dikota bandar lampung mempunyai hal peranan yang begitu kuat atas aspeknya namun, pola perilaku atas masalah ini yang terjadi pada anak di kota bandar lampung mempunyai dampak keragaman yang masaalag yang ada sehingga dari pola ini menjadi sebuah aspek pemahaman yang begitu aneka ragak pola dan tingkah laku. Permasalahan anak di bandar lampung, ini akan membuat dampak permasalahan yang panjang karena pola hal ini, akan membuat jangka yang sangat harus di maklumi namun dari dampak ini membuat cakupan penangana solusi ini harus bersifat kuat sistemnya. Untuk hal sistemnya keadaan anak jalanan setidaknya perlu di berikan hak mutlak seperti pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan sekolah.

Abstrak: Bimbingan spiritual merupakan proses pemberian bantuan kepada individu secara terarah, berkelnajutan dan sistematis agar dapat mengembangkan potensi atau fitrah beragama yang dimilikinya secara optimal, berpedoman pada nilai-nilai Al-Qur’an dan hadits sehingga dapat mencapai kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan di akhirat. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan program kemitraan masyarakat khususnya kepada para lansia diperoleh bahwa sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan belum teridentifikasi pemahaman lansia tentang bimbingan spiritual setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, lansia mampu memahami tentang bimbingan spiritual dan berkomitmen untuk mengimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari serta lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa.. Hasil secara keseluruhan diperoleh bahwa dengan dilakukannya penyuluhan khususnya tentang upaya dalam memberikan bimbingan spiritual sangatlah berguna, karena setelah diberikan penyuluhan lansia mampu mengingat kembali memori tentang sang penciptanya dengan mengingat dan membaca sholawat, dzikir, do’a, dan tata cara wudlu’ yang selama ini dirasakan dan dengan penyuluhan yang sudah dilakukan, lansia berkomitmen untuk selalu  melaksanakan sholat 5 waktu baik bermajaah ataupun sholat sendirian, memperkuat iman dan lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dengan lebih baik lagi.      

The family is part of society and also the church. The family has various problems that often make the household collapse or not survive. One of the cases is families of different religions, various obstacles will definitely occur in it, especially in terms of celebrating ecclesiastical holidays, but what is experienced by the families in this study is different, families are able to place Christian Religious Education as the basis for building families with different beliefs. This study used a case study type research in which the subjects in this study were 1 family with different beliefs. This research was conducted with the aim of revealing various forms of implementation of Christian Religious Education in families of different religions. The results of this study indicate that the forms of implementation of Christian religious education in families of different religions are open communication, knowledge of the Christian religion, respect for differences, involvement in Christian religious activities, and giving examples of behavior. Form

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis takwil ayat mutasyabihat dalam Al-Qur'an Surah An-Nisa Ayat 2 dengan Surah An-Nisa Ayat 6 yang berkaitan dengan pembagian harta anak yatim. Ayat-ayat ini menyoroti pentingnya keadilan dalam membagi harta anak yatim dan memberikan pedoman bagi umat Islam dalam melakukan pembagian yang adil. Dalam masyarakat Muslim, perhatian terhadap anak yatim adalah salah satu prinsip utama dalam ajaran agama. Islam menggarisbawahi perlunya perlindungan dan keadilan terhadap anak yatim, termasuk dalam hal pembagian harta mereka. Surah An-Nisa Ayat 2 dan Ayat 6 dalam Al-Qur'an memberikan arahan kepada umat Islam mengenai bagaimana harus memperlakukan harta anak yatim dan mewariskannya secara adil. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan tafsir al-Qur'an. Data yang digunakan adalah ayat-ayat mutasyabihat yang terdapat dalam Surah An-Nisa Ayat 2 dan Ayat 6. Untuk menganalisis dan mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang makna ayat-ayat tersebut, berbagai tafsir dari para ulama terkemuka dikaji dan dibandingkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa takwil ayat mutasyabihat dalam Surah An-Nisa Ayat 2 dan Ayat 6 adalah bahwa pembagian harta anak yatim harus dilakukan dengan adil, menjaga hak-hak anak yatim, dan menghindari penyalahgunaan kekuasaan. Ayat-ayat tersebut memberikan pedoman yang jelas bagi umat Islam dalam melakukan pembagian harta anak yatim, dengan memastikan bahwa mereka mendapatkan bagian yang adil dan tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan harta oleh pihak yang bertanggung jawab atas pengelolaan harta tersebut. Keadilan dalam pembagian harta anak yatim merupakan aspek penting dalam agama Islam. Hal ini sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam yang mendorong umat Muslim untuk bersikap adil dan berbuat baik terhadap anak yatim. Pembagian harta yang adil akan memberikan kepastian dan keamanan bagi anak yatim, serta memperkuat rasa keadilan dan persaudaraan dalam masyarakat Muslim. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pemahaman terhadap takwil ayat mutasyabihat dalam Surah An-Nisa Ayat 2 dan Ayat 6, khususnya dalam konteks pembagian harta anak yatim. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya menerapkan prinsip-prinsip keadilan dalam praktik pembagian harta anak yatim, serta memberikan perlindungan dan perhatian yang layak terhadap mereka.

Marriage between two people who have different religions is prohibited by almost all religions in Indonesia. Even though efforts have been made to obtain legal marital status, when a marriage is carried out, it is still obligatory to pay attention to Article 2 of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. The existence of an official registration in the form of a marriage certificate cannot be overlooked, because without it, marriages that are valid but not registered will not be recognized by the State. Marriage without legal recognition certainly has legal consequences, especially if it involves partners with different religions. This can create significant legal problems for husbands, wives and third parties, including the inheritance rights of children born in the marriage. The existence of a legal marriage is the basis of rights and obligations between husband and wife. The existence of a legally valid marriage and offspring born from a legal marriage are crucial to protecting the wife's rights regarding joint living and property. This is because, as stipulated in Article 43 Paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law, children born from illegitimate marriages only have legal ties with their mothers.

Kembar mayang dan janur kuning adalah simbol tradisional yang digunakan dalam pernikahan adat Jawa sebagai simbol keperawanan pengantin wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi masyarakat terhadap penggunaan kembar mayang dan janur kuning sebagai simbol keperawanan pengantin wanita Jawa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam pada masyarakat Jawa yang memiliki pengalaman mengikuti pernikahan adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kembar mayang dan janur kuning masih dipandang penting sebagai simbol keperawanan pengantin wanita Jawa. Namun, terdapat perbedaan persepsi masyarakat dalam penggunaan kedua simbol tersebut. Kembar mayang dipandang lebih penting sebagai simbol keperawanan, sementara janur kuning lebih dipandang sebagai simbol keindahan dalam pernikahan adat Jawa. Persepsi masyarakat terhadap penggunaan kedua simbol tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor budaya dan agama yang kuat dalam masyarakat Jawa. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna bagi para pelaku pernikahan adat Jawa untuk memahami pentingnya simbol-simbol tradisional dalam upacara pernikahan adat serta membantu mempertahankan dan mengembangkan budaya Jawa yang kaya dan unik.

Budaya adalah suatu hal yang melekat pada diri manusia, manusa tidak dapat telepas dari sejarah karena manusia adalah penggerak dari kebudayaan. diindonesia memiliki ragam budaya yang tersebar di wilayah nya masing masing, salah satunya adalah wilayah provinsi sumatera utara khususnya kota medan memiliki beragam suku dan kebuayaan sehingga kota medan dijuluki sebagai kota multi etnis, ada banyak suku yang dianut oleh nasyarakat yang berada di sumatera utara, namun yang menjadi mayoritas nya adalah suku batak, namun sebelum datangnya modrenisasi suku melayu adalah suku asli dan mayoritas disumatera utara khususnya kota medan namun dengan adanya modrenisasi dan perkembangan budaya suku melayu mulai tersingkirkan hingga sampai saat ini ada banyak 7 hal unsur kebudayaan yang ada mulai dari bahasa, sistem teknologi, agama sistem organisasi, mata pencaharian, ilmu pengetahuan, religi dan kesenin seiring berkembangnya zaman. Dengan adanya modrenisasi memembuat kota medan menjadi kota yang multi etnis atau memiliki banyak kebudayaan, kebudayaan yang menjadi mayoritas dikota medan adalah etnis rumpun melayu yang memiliki banyak kebudayaan. Perubahan akibat dari modrenisasi ini dapat dilihat dri beberapa aspek yaitu aspek Pendidikan, tempat tinggal, pemerintaham dan gaya hidup. Ada beberapa factor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya modrenisasi yaitu karena keberhasilan perusahaan perkebunan, adanya perjanjian politik dan karena adanya pembangunan kota medan. Perkembangan kota medan juga memiliki periode atau pembabakan waktu yaitu yang pertama periode sebelum datangnya bangsa eropa, periode kolonialisme bangsa eropa, periode penduduka jepang, dan periode kemerdekaan republic indonesia  

Ethnicity, religion, race and intergroup (SARA) are social elements that have an important role in human life, therefore, the freedom of each party must be respected and guaranteed. Religion is an important element of human existence and perhaps the most impressive element that can exert an important influence on the behavior of individuals. Indonesian positive law regulates punishment for perpetrators of religious blasphemy regulated in Article 156a of the Criminal Code. The initial purpose of enacting this article was against the backdrop of the many sects of belief and mysticism teachings that were considered heretical and not in accordance with the religious teachings of the Indonesian people. Article 156a of the Criminal Code is intended to prevent religious teachings from being distorted which are considered as the main teachings by the leaders or religious leaders concerned; and this rule protects religious peace in society and maintains the values of religious teachings that are maintained by the community from insults/humiliations and from teachings not to embrace a religion based on Belief in the One Supreme God.

This paper presents the results of research on the implementation of the model for implementing character education in high schools with the case at SMAN 2 KS Cilegon City, Banten Province. the school components and Islamic religious education teachers are the main actors, with the support of conducive policies from the principal of SMAN 2 KS Cilegon City, Banten Province. The presence and involvement of campus activists through monitoring requires scrutiny and coordination that is integrated with the Islamic religious education teacher program.

Kekaisaran Ottoman, yang berlangsung dari tahun 1326 hingga 1924, dapat dibagi menjadi tiga periode berbeda: periode ekspansi (1326-1451), masa kejayaan (1452-1568), dan kemunduran dan keruntuhan (1569-1924). Pada masa kejayaan Turki Usmani, pendidikan mulai dikembangkan dan dipusatkan di sekitar madrasah, satu-satunya lembaga pendidikan umum pada saat itu. Lembaga-lembaga ini berfokus pada hafalan daripada pemikiran kritis, dan hanya mengajarkan ilmu agama, meninggalkan kesenjangan dalam pendidikan umum siswa dan bahkan pelajar dewasa. Namun, menjelang akhir pemerintahan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah, reformasi pendidikan dilaksanakan dengan memasukkan metode Barat. Runtuhnya Kesultanan Utsmaniyah juga membawa konsekuensi yang signifikan terhadap sistem pendidikan, termasuk pengenalan sekularisme, yang menjadi dasar ideologi kapitalis dan mendukung ide-ide seperti demokrasi, nasionalisme, liberalisme, dan hak asasi manusia.  

Natural resources are the main component in building a biological culture system in the span of the earth. Efforts to manage natural resources, especially plants, are characterized by utilization according to their characteristics. The Arecaceae family (palm) belongs to the plant family of the oldest among flowering plants. This research was conducted through an exploratory survey on plants of the Arecaceae family in the area of Campus 1, Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University, Bandung. There were nine plant species found with a total number of individuals of all species totaling 148. The diversity index of palm plants in the Campus I area of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung obtained a result of 1.59. The utilization of Arecaceae plants is very diverse for each organ, namely fruits, roots, flowers, leaves, roots, and stems which are divided into five categories of needs, food sources, traditional medicines, building materials, handicrafts, and other uses.

Introduction: The internet provides various conveniences, including in buying and selling transactions or so-called e-commerce. E-commerce provides many benefits, and there were 2,361,423 e-commerce businesses in Indonesia in 2020. E-commerce is a legitimate buying and selling transaction if it does not deviate from the principles of Islamic sharia law. Purpose: To understand the meaning of e-commerce, its development, and the Islamic law perspective on it. Method: The method used is literature study from relevant journals, books, and fatwas. Results and Conclusion: E-commerce is a buying and selling transaction process carried out through the internet. E-commerce has several advantages compared to traditional commerce, such as the buying and selling process can be done anywhere and anytime. E-commerce in Indonesia has developed since 1999 until now, and it has always been accompanied by improvements. The largest e-commerce service providers in Indonesia are Lazada, Tokopedia, Shopee, Elevania, Bukalapak, Blibli, and Matahari Mal.com. E-commerce has been declared legitimate by MUI, NU, and ulama.