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This community service activity is aimed at helping women's farmer groups in Mulyorejo Village, Malang, in developing automatic watering technology based on renewable energy for water spinach cultivation. The system developed uses solar panels as an energy source, which drives the automatic watering machine. This technology is expected to increase irrigation efficiency, reduce dependence on human labor, and increase the productivity of water spinach plants. The results of the activity show that the use of this automatic watering machine can reduce operational costs and improve plant quality.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has encouraged companies to switch to digital platforms in managing their sales. One of the most widely used solutions is a web-based sales application, which allows buying and selling transactions to be carried out online, improving operational efficiency, and expanding market reach. In this study, a web-based sales application was designed using a prototype methodology. This methodology was chosen because of its ability to actively involve users in the development process, through an iterative cycle that allows for direct feedback from users to improve and improve the system gradually. The first step in this design is to collect needs from users or stakeholders through interviews and observations. Based on these needs, an initial prototype of the application was built that included key features such as product management, shopping cart, and payment processing. The prototype is then evaluated by the user, and the feedback is used to refine and refine the prototype until the final application is ready for further development. The resulting app has a full range of features that include product management, a secure checkout system, payment method integration, and real-time sales reporting. The prototype methodology allows developers to detect and resolve potential issues from the early stages of development, thereby minimizing the risk of errors in complex feature implementations. Additionally, the active participation of users in the development process ensures that the resulting application is more in line with the needs and expectations of users. The results of this study show that a prototype-based approach can improve the effectiveness and quality of web-based sales applications, as well as maximize user satisfaction. This application is expected to help companies manage sales transactions more efficiently and expand business reach through digital platforms.  

This qualitative literature review examines "The Economics of Auto-Delivery: A Qualitative Exploration of Inventory Management and Profitability in Subscription Services." Auto-delivery systems have gained traction in various industries, offering consumers convenience and suppliers a steady revenue stream. This study synthesizes existing literature to uncover the interplay between inventory management, profitability, and consumer behavior within auto-delivery frameworks. Key findings highlight the importance of advanced inventory strategies, dynamic pricing models, and the role of technology in enhancing operational efficiency. Additionally, the review discusses the implications of consumer behavior on subscription retention and the challenges suppliers face in minimizing churn. The insights derived from this review indicate that effective channel coordination and strategic investment in technology are essential for maximizing the profitability of auto-delivery services. However, the study acknowledges limitations such as the predominance of research in Western markets and the lack of empirical data to support theoretical insights. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the economics surrounding auto-delivery systems, serving as a foundation for future research in this rapidly evolving domain.

This article discusses the development of accounting information systems to improve efficiency and accuracy, focusing on a case study of the implementation of accounting program changes. Previous studies have shown that effective accounting information systems can significantly improve the quality of accounting and managerial information. The implementation of accounting program changes often involves the integration of information technology to improve the process of financial reporting, internal control, and analysis of company performance. Previous studies have shown that companies that adopt information technology in their accounting systems have a competitive advantage in managing and analyzing financial information more efficiently. Important factors in the development of accounting information systems are the need to ensure data accuracy, reporting speed, and real-time availability of information for internal and external stakeholders. This study also explores the positive impact of the use of accounting information systems on the company's operational efficiency and strategic decision making. Successful implementations show that modern accounting information systems are able to integrate various business functions, such as finance, inventory, and manufacturing, to improve the coordination and effectiveness of the organization as a whole. Thus, the development of accounting information systems not only improves the company's internal processes but also enhances the company's adaptability to rapid and complex changes in the business environment. This study provides a strong theoretical foundation for understanding the importance of information technology integration in the context of accounting program changes to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy goals.

The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in campus facility management can enhance operational efficiency and effectiveness by monitoring the availability of rooms and equipment in real-time. This study aims to explore the basic concepts and implementation of IoT in managing campus facilities through document analysis. The results show that IoT can assist in managing classrooms and equipment, allowing campus managers to optimize facility usage, reduce wastage, and improve service quality. IoT implementation also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of faulty equipment by utilizing data generated from sensors. However, the main challenges in IoT implementation are related to technological infrastructure and data security, which require special attention to ensure the system operates effectively and securely. Overall, this study concludes that IoT technology provides a solution to improve campus facility management efficiency and supports the creation of a more modern and responsive educational environment.

Palm oil is one of the main commodities in Indonesia which has an important role in the agribusiness sector. An efficient palm oil harvesting process greatly determines the productivity and quality of the harvest. PT BKI SSB, as a company operating in the palm oil sector, continues to strive to improve operational efficiency and ensure optimal harvest quality. One way to achieve this is by implementing machine learning technology in the harvesting activity monitoring system. This article discusses the application of machine learning to monitor and analyze oil palm harvesting activities at PT BKI SSB. Through the use of this technology, it is hoped that it can increase accuracy, efficiency, and provide better data-based solutions in managing company resources.

Structured and efficient inventory management is very important for cooperatives, which have special operational and logistical needs. This study aims to develop a web-based inventory system and also develop it into a mobile application that is able to support real-time stock and asset management, using Javascript, PHP, HTML, CSS, and implemented on the XAMPP platform with phpMyAdmin support. This system is designed to record and monitor goods accurately, optimize the flow of goods in and out, and provide automatic inventory reports. The waterfall approach is applied in the development of this system, starting from needs analysis, design, implementation, to testing. The results of the study show that this system has succeeded in increasing the accuracy of recording goods, accelerating the decision-making process through data-based reports, and reducing manual errors that often occur in inventory management. This system not only supports operational transparency, but also helps a cooperative in achieving logistical efficiency and resource optimization.

This study analyzes the differences and similarities of internal audit quality in the public sector and private sector using a literature analysis approach. The main objective was to explore factors that affect audit quality, such as auditor independence, competence, transparency, and accountability. The results show that the public sector often faces challenges in maintaining auditor independence due to the influence of bureaucracy and politicization. However, the sector has advantages in transparency and accountability, which support public trust in the management of public funds. In contrast, the private sector excels in operational efficiency and flexibility, supported by the use of modern audit technology and leaner organizational structures. Despite the differences, both sectors require high auditor competence and strong internal control systems to ensure audit effectiveness. This research suggests strengthening auditor training, implementing modern audit technology, and increasing collaboration between internal and external auditors to ensure audit objectivity and quality. In addition, further studies are recommended to explore the impact of applying new technologies, such as big data and artificial intelligence, and conduct cross-sectoral comparisons to understand audit implementation globally.

Patimban Port is a national strategic project supported by various infrastructures, one of which is the Temporary Office of KSOP Class 2 Patimban, built using a modular prefabricated construction system. This study aims to analyze the architectural design and building materials, as well as assess its functionality in supporting port operations. Through a qualitative method with descriptive analysis, this research reveals that the use of materials such as sandwich panels and lightweight steel provides efficiency in terms of durability and thermal insulation, although challenges related to acoustic insulation remain. The applied ventilation and lighting systems support user comfort but can still be improved. Overall, this Temporary Office significantly contributes to operational efficiency at the port with an estimated service life of 10-15 years, although improvements in areas such as sound insulation and the development of permanent facilities are needed.

This study examines the opportunities and challenges of implementing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Class C private hospitals in Bogor, Indonesia. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative and quantitative analyses, including SWOT and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) methods, to identify the most effective CRM model. Findings reveal the hospital's internal strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities, and threats, offering strategies to improve patient engagement and operational efficiency. The results emphasize the critical role of digital transformation, staff training, and strategic adaptation to meet the needs of non-BPJS patients in a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. The research contributes significantly to the development of CRM models tailored to healthcare institutions in emerging market..

Financial consolidation has become a crucial strategy for multinational companies in addressing increasingly intense global competition. It is often employed as a primary approach to expand market reach and drive corporate growth, ultimately affecting liquidity, equity-earning based measures, and profitability. This study specifically examines the impact of consolidation on a company's liquidity, equity-earning based metrics, and profitability using financial ratio analysis, including Current Ratio (CR), Earnings Per Share (EPS), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) as key indicators. Adopting a quantitative approach, the research utilizes secondary data from the financial statements of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk before and after consolidation in 2023. The methods applied include a comparison of financial statement items pre- and post-consolidation and a literature review relevant to financial performance analysis. The data analysis results reveal that post-consolidation, PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk recorded an increase in liquidity ratio (current ratio) by 15.26%, reaching 1.9171, and an equity-earning based ratio (earnings per share) rise of 53.74% to 0.001309, which positively impacted the company. However, profitability ratio (net profit margin) declined by 22.81% to 0.1028, indicating challenges in cost management and operational efficiency following the consolidation.

The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review of previous research on Good Corporate Governance (GCG) from 2020-2024.GCG refers to the systems and processes that direct and control companies to ensure transparency, accountability, and responsibility in decision making. The implementation of good GCG principles is expected to create a harmonious relationship between management, shareholders, and other stakeholders, so as to improve overall company performance. One aspect that is often studied is the effect of GCG on the company's financial performance. Financial performance, which is measured through various indicators such as profitability, liquidity, and operational efficiency, can be influenced by how well GCG is implemented. This study aims to identify the relationship between GCG implementation and corporate financial performance, and to examine whether better GCG can lead to improved financial performance. The study results show that strong GCG implementation is positively associated with improved financial performance, where companies with good governance tend to have higher profitability and lower financial risk. This research provides an important contribution for companies and stakeholders in designing governance policies that can support the achievement of long-term goals and corporate sustainability.  

Information Technology (IT) service management plays a critical role in supporting the efficiency and effectiveness of business intelligence processes within modern organizations. This study aims to evaluate IT service governance in Bank Rakyat Indonesia using the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) framework. This approach focuses on improving operational efficiency, service management, and aligning IT services with business needs. The research method involves a detailed analysis of service processes and activities based on ITIL stages, ranging from service strategy to continuous improvement. The findings indicate that ITIL implementation significantly enhances IT service management and promotes business intelligence effectiveness within the organization. Recommendations for further development are also provided to improve the quality and speed of IT services in the future.

The integration of IT Governance and expert system design offers transformative benefits for enhancing library user services. This research employs the COBIT 5.0 framework to align IT strategies with library objectives while developing an expert system tailored for personalized recommendations. The findings indicate that the expert system significantly improves operational efficiency, service accuracy, and user satisfaction by using user profiles to recommend relevant materials and streamline the borrowing process. Testing revealed high user satisfaction levels, with 96.6% finding the system effective and 100% confirming its efficiency. Additionally, IT Governance ensures strategic integration between technological infrastructure and service quality objectives, enabling data-driven decision-making. The study also highlights challenges, such as the need for robust data management and user training, suggesting areas for future improvement. Recommendations include incorporating machine learning to enhance system intelligence, conducting regular evaluations to maintain system relevance, and testing the scalability of this approach across various types of libraries. By integrating IT Governance with an expert system, this research sets a strong foundation for modernizing library services to better meet user expectations in the digital era.

The budget is an important tool in the managerial decision making process. As a structured financial guide, budgets help managers plan, coordinate and control company resources. Through budget preparation, managers can determine cost requirements, allocate resources effectively, and set financial targets that support the achievement of organizational goals. Additionally, budgets serve as performance evaluation tools, allowing managers to compare actual results with projections, identify deviations, and take necessary corrective actions. Using the right budget also helps management reduce health risks, increase operational efficiency, and ensure that strategic decisions are based on measurable and accountable information. Thus, the budget plays a crucial role in supporting a more rational and focused decision-making process.

Radiology services are a crucial component of the healthcare system that requires efficiency in its processes. Resource limitations and increasing demand for services underscore the importance of improving efficiency. To enhance service quality and operational efficiency, the implementation of an integrated information system has become a key focus for hospital management. Improving service quality and operational efficiency through the application of an integrated information system is also dependent on the reliability and performance of the system itself. This study aims to examine the relationship between the implementation and performance of an integrated information system with service efficiency in enhancing service quality in the radiology department of RSUD Kota Bogor. The research uses a quantitative approach with two independent variables: the implementation of the integrated information system and the reliability and quality of the integrated information system. The dependent variable is the quality of radiology services, and the intervening variable is radiology service efficiency. Data collection methods include observations, questionnaires, and documentation studies. The sample consists of 30 employees working in the radiology department of RSUD Kota Bogor and 30 patients receiving services in the radiology department. Data processing and presentation were conducted using path analysis with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS software. The results of the data analysis indicate that: (1) The implementation of the integrated information system does not have a significant relationship with radiology service efficiency; However, the reliability and performance of the system do have a strong relationship with radiology service efficiency. (2) The implementation and performance of the integrated information system do not have a significant relationship with service quality in the radiology department. (3) Radiology service efficiency has a significant relationship with service quality in the radiology department. (4) Radiology service efficiency, as a mediator, is not strong enough to enhance the relationship between the implementation and performance of the integrated information system and service quality in the radiology department. This study is expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between the implementation and performance of an integrated information system with service efficiency in enhancing service quality in the radiology department. The findings may serve as input for the management of RSUD Kota Bogor in optimizing the use of an integrated information system to improve radiology service efficiency, which is expected to impact the quality of services in the radiology department.

This study examines the role of digital cooperatives and MSMEs in driving business modernization to strengthen Indonesia's economy. Cooperatives and MSMEs are essential for economic growth and community welfare, significantly contributing to Indonesia's GDP and employment. However, they face challenges in modernization due to limited technology access and management issues. Using a systematic literature review, this research analyzes the influence of digital transformation on cooperatives and MSMEs, identifying digital technology adoption, collaborative approaches, and governmental support as key factors in modernization. Findings highlight that a structured digital framework, social capital, and policy backing enable cooperatives and MSMEs to enhance operational efficiency, resilience, and competitiveness. This modernization model offers insights into fostering a sustainable, inclusive economy through digitalized cooperative structures. The research underscores the need for ongoing digital adaptation, emphasizing cooperatives' dual role in community development and economic resilience.

The support for MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) is carried out through two different activities focused on business legality and the introduction of simple bookkeeping. First, a mentoring program for the use of the Buku Warung app helps MSMEs manage financial reports flexibly and efficiently. Through this training, MSMEs can record finances via a mobile app instead of manually, allowing for more consistent and streamlined record-keeping. Second, a mentoring program for obtaining a Business Identification Number (NIB) guides MSMEs in understanding the importance of NIB and the process to acquire it, which can open up access to funding and boost their economic growth. These two programs aim to strengthen MSMEs’ capacity in operational efficiency and business legality.

Optimizing the performance of Linux-based operating systems for IoT applications in the trading sector is an important strategy in improving operational efficiency and competitiveness. This study explores Linux optimization techniques that can be applied to IoT systems to improve the speed, stability, and security of applications in the trading environment. This research method is carried out using descriptive qualitative through interviews, literature studies and observations. This study focuses on resource management and the implementation of advanced security features. Case studies on several real implementations show that by applying optimization techniques, such as process priority settings and routine updates, system performance can be significantly improved. The results of the study show that proper optimization can reduce system latency, increase data output, and strengthen security, which ultimately supports the success of IoT applications in the trading sector.    

Conventional methods in Mine Countermeasures operations are becoming increasingly ineffective in today’s world, especially due to the increasingly complex challenges in mine detection, classification, and neutralization. The use of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) has been identified as a potential solution to address these issues. This study aims to evaluate the potential use of UUVs in improving the effectiveness and safety of TPR. Through data collection and comparative analysis, the results of the study indicate that UUVs have significant potential in reducing the risk to human personnel, improving the accuracy of mine detection, and increasing overall operational efficiency. UUVs can operate in hazardous environments without putting human personnel at direct risk, and the advanced technology applied to UUVs allows for higher precision mine detection and classification compared to conventional methods. Practical implications of these findings include increased efficacy and safety in TPR, making UUVs an effective tool in improving the effectiveness and safety of naval mine countermeasures. Thus, this study contributes to the use of UUVs as an effective tool in improving the effectiveness and safety of mine countermeasures.