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Planning effective English reading lessons is a complex task for teachers because of challenges such as variations in student ability levels, limited resources, and time constraints. This research aims to identify the main challenges teachers face in planning reading lessons, including improving students' reading comprehension, adjusting the level of support to students' abilities, and implementing reading strategies.  The research method used is qualitative, with data collection through semi-structured interviews with teachers from various levels of education. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify main patterns and themes.  The research results show that teachers face challenges in managing the diversity of students' reading abilities, selecting reading materials that are interesting and culturally relevant, and integrating technology into learning. Additionally, appropriate assessments for English Language Learners (ELL) students and the need to provide emotional support to students are also challenges. Limited professional training and resources contribute to this situation.  This research also concludes that successful learning to read English requires a multifaceted approach that includes learning adjustments, teacher training, collaboration, and access to a variety of reading materials. By providing adequate support for teachers, these obstacles can be overcome, so that reading learning becomes more effective and inclusive.

Organic fertilizers contain organic materials such as compost, manure, or other organic waste materials. When organic fertilizers are applied to the soil, they provide an abundant source of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as essential micronutrients. The community service activity program aims to empower farmers with the knowledge and skills to make organic fertilizers from local materials, which not only lower production costs but also improve soil quality and crop yields. The community service activity with the theme "Assistance and Making Organic Fertilizers in Reducing Fertilizer Costs for Farmers in Rowo Gempol Village, Lekok District, Pasuruan Regency" Through the Participatory Action Research method which includes preparation, processing, application, and evaluation, this program has succeeded in improving soil quality and supporting plant growth in the campus green area. Organic fertilizers, produced from campus organic waste such as dry leaves and food scraps, increase soil nutrient content and plant health, and reduce the negative impacts of synthetic chemicals. This activity also involves students in the process of processing and applying fertilizers, providing practical experience and raising awareness of the importance of sustainable agriculture and environmental management. The evaluation results showed a significant positive impact on soil quality and plant growth, with more fertile soil and healthier plants. In addition to the ecological benefits, the program plays an important educational role, by increasing students' understanding of environmentally friendly practices and organic farming skills. The success of this model is expected to be replicated in other villages. so that the benefits of this program can be felt more widely and support the creation of more sustainable agriculture.

This research aims to explore the planning strategies implemented by teachers in improving students' vocabulary skills in teaching English. Vocabulary is an important component in language learning which influences students' communication skills and text comprehension. This research analyzes the various approaches used by teachers to develop students' vocabulary, as well as the challenges faced in planning and implementing these strategies in the classroom. Data was obtained through interviews with teachers, classroom observations, and analysis of learning implementation plan (RPP) documents. The research results show that strategies such as the use of visual media, contextual teaching, and regular repetition of vocabulary have proven effective in improving students' vocabulary skills. In addition, the teacher's role in creating an environment that supports vocabulary learning is very important in helping students master new words. This research provides insight for English teachers in planning more effective and innovative teaching to improve students' vocabulary skills.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.

Emergence of Business English as a part of English for Specific Purpose gives another challenge to lecturers in providing learning tools that is accordance to the learning objectives. This phenomenon becomes the basis to the aim of the research, that is to know the implementation of Business English module as a learning tool and to examine its eligibility through the lecturer’s ability and students’ response in using that tool. By involving 4D model, the result of analysis can answer the research aim. Literature review to several Business English lesson plan and need analysis to student university related to the Business English learning makes the arranged material relevant and relate to the students need, especially for facing the business and work activities. Lecturers ability to use the module and the practical knowledge of the use of English in business supports the eligibility of the module as a learning tool of Business English course. Meanwhile, students response is also good because they thought that the material is considerably applicable to their activities. The elegibility among the material, lecturer’s ability and students response leads to a conclusion that Business English module is eligible to be implemented in Business English course.

The Jingling Button Type Cooperative Learning Model is a learning model whose main objective is to achieve equal learning opportunities for each student so that students become more active in the learning process. This research aims to determine the effect of the rattling button type cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in thermochemical material at SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang. The research population was all students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang. Sampling used a cluster random sampling technique, so that the research samples were obtained, namely class XI MIPA 2 students and class XI MIPA 3 students. Student learning outcomes were obtained from posttest scores and daily tests. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test and t test. The results of the analysis of the data obtained show that the average learning outcome score for experimental class students is 82.65, which is higher than the average learning outcome score for control class students, which is 72.62. Based on the results of the data analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the application of the rattling button type cooperative learning model has a better influence on student learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang on Thermochemistry material.

This study examines the utilization of interactive PowerPoint as a learning media to enhance students' active participation in Pancasila subjects, specifically the material of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, using a descriptive qualitative research method. The primary objective of this study is to understand how interactive PowerPoint can be implemented in the learning process and how its use affects students' involvement in the classroom. The research was conducted at SMK PGRI 3 Kota Serang involving 43 tenth-grade multimedia students and one Pancasila teacher as participants. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and students, observations during the learning process, and analysis of documentation related to the implementation of interactive PowerPoint. Observations were conducted to assess classroom dynamics, student participation levels, and interactions that occurred during learning sessions. The results of the analysis indicate that the use of interactive PowerPoint significantly increased student involvement in learning. Students showed greater interest and actively participated in discussions and activities presented through PowerPoint. Teachers also reported that the material delivered with the help of interactive PowerPoint was easier to understand and more interesting for students. Several PowerPoint features, such as interactive quizzes and animations, proved effective in facilitating the understanding of the concept of Bhineka Tunggal Ika. This study concludes that interactive PowerPoint is an effective tool for enhancing students' active participation in Pancasila learning. The use of this media not only increases student involvement but also assists teachers in delivering material in a more engaging and interactive manner. These findings provide valuable insights into the integration of technology in education and offer recommendations for the development of more innovative learning methods.  

Sinar Bhakti Village, located in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, holds significant potential in rubber plantation management. However, suboptimal rubber tapping techniques often pose a major challenge for beginner farmers, resulting in low production yields and damage to rubber trees. This community service program aims to empower beginner farmers through training on optimal rubber tapping techniques. The method used was a participatory approach with hands-on field training. The training was conducted on Saturday, January 19, 2025, and included the introduction of tapping tools, proper tapping techniques, and post-tapping tree care. The activity involved beginner farmers in Sinar Bhakti Village. The results indicate that the training successfully enhanced participants' understanding of proper rubber tapping techniques. All participants effectively applied the techniques during field simulations. Additionally, participants demonstrated increased confidence in managing rubber plantations independently. This program positively impacted not only rubber productivity but also the economic sustainability of the village community.

The program Smart Saving Education: Building Financial Habits Among Elementary Students of SDN 168 Sinar Bhakti Village was conducted as part of the 34th Community Service Program (KKN) by Universitas Baturaja. This activity aimed to enhance financial literacy among elementary school students from an early age. The main problem identified is the low awareness among children regarding the importance of saving and prudent money management. This program employed an interactive socialization method involving visual aids, educational games, and group discussions to facilitate understanding. The activity was conducted in a one-day session involving 40 students from grades 4, 5, and 6 of SDN 168 Sinar Bhakti. The results indicated improved understanding among students about the importance of saving, as reflected in their ability to explain the benefits of saving, prioritize needs, and create simple plans to save money. Moreover, most students expressed high enthusiasm to start saving independently. The activity also fostered a culture of discussion among students, teachers, and parents regarding basic financial management. These findings indicate that interactive education approaches are effective in fostering good financial habits among children. This program is expected to be a starting point for the sustainable development of financial literacy among younger generations.

This study discusses the scope of innovation diffusion in education in Indonesia. In essence, education plays a fairly essential role in shaping the quality of human resources that are able to face the challenges of the times. Along with global changes marked by technological developments and economic transformation, demands on the education system continue to increase. The researcher uses a Qualitative Literature Review which is carried out by the researcher reading and observing various written reference sources related to the scope of innovation in education in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that overall, the process of innovation diffusion in education involves various complex stages and requires support from all parties involved in the education system. Diffusion of educational innovation in general can be concluded as a very complex process and is influenced by various specific factors, both internally and externally in the educational environment.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Effectiveness of story-mapping techniques in teaching narrative text reading. The method used in this study is the method experiment; the researcher chose the group pre-test and post-test design. The population of this research was all the students in the eighth grade at SMPN 5 Jombang, consisting of nine classes and a total of 279 students. The researchers examine the data after gathering it. The story mapping method is an effective approach for improving students' reading skills. This Effectiveness is achieved when the score is statistically significant, with a p-value lower than 0.05 in a two-tailed test. The result is known that student learning achievement in learning narrative texts in classes using story mapping techniques has increased significantly compared to classes without story map techniques. This statement is in accordance with data collection calculations by comparing the observation t value (to = 2.35) with the t table (tt = 2.00). It can be seen that to is higher than tt (to >tt). In conclusion, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. Therefore, teaching reading narrative texts using story mapping techniques is effective at SMPN 5 JOMBANG.

Learning via YouTube is now widely practiced by educational content creators. In this case, the use of speech used in the delivery of learning should be considered. The use of speech affects the understanding of viewers or students when watching the learning video. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the locutionary speech acts in the Indonesian language learning videos of class VIII SMP on Helza RN's YouTube channel and the effectiveness of the use of speech. Descriptive qualitative research method is used to analyze the related data. The approach used in this research is the theoretical approach, namely the pragmatic approach by analyzing the types of speech acts and the intentions in them. The researcher uses listening and recording techniques to find out the locution utterances in the Indonesian language learning video for class VIII junior high school on Helza RN's YouTube channel, then the researcher analyzes the speech acts related to the context with the commensurate method. From the data analysis that has been done, it is found that there are 202 declarative speech acts, 14 interrogative speech acts, and 19 imperative speech acts that make the learning video provide a complete explanation of the material, but there is a lack of interaction between Helza Rn and viewers. The results of this study are expected to increase readers' understanding of locutionary speech acts and their types. And can be a reference for other content creators, especially in making learning videos so that they are more interesting and interactive.

In the current digital era, learning videos have become a popular alternative for delivering information and teaching materials. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of speech acts, especially directive speech acts used in educational videos. The purpose of this study is to analyze and realize the number of speech acts, namely in directive speech acts in the Playlist of Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The approach used in this research is pragmatic theoretical approach and descriptive qualitative. Researchers used listening and recording techniques on the Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method of research based on postpositive philosophy which is used to study natural things to collect data, agih method and pairing method used to analyze this data. From the data analysis conducted, it was found that there were 152 directive speech acts, there were 5 types of directive speech acts namely invitation, command, prohibition, advice, advice. The results of the analysis in this article can provide further understanding of the role of directive speech acts in the context of video-based learning and material development by paying attention to directive speech acts.

Learning via YouTube is now widely practiced by educational content creators. In this case, the use of speech used in the delivery of learning should be considered. The use of speech affects the understanding of viewers or students when watching the learning video. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the locutionary speech acts in the Indonesian language learning videos of class VIII SMP on Helza RN's YouTube channel and the effectiveness of the use of speech. Descriptive qualitative research method is used to analyze the related data. The approach used in this research is the theoretical approach, namely the pragmatic approach by analyzing the types of speech acts and the intentions in them. The researcher uses listening and recording techniques to find out the locution utterances in the Indonesian language learning video for class VIII junior high school on Helza RN's YouTube channel, then the researcher analyzes the speech acts related to the context with the commensurate method. From the data analysis that has been done, it is found that there are 202 declarative speech acts, 14 interrogative speech acts, and 19 imperative speech acts that make the learning video provide a complete explanation of the material, but there is a lack of interaction between Helza Rn and viewers. The results of this study are expected to increase readers' understanding of locutionary speech acts and their types. And can be a reference for other content creators, especially in making learning videos so that they are more interesting and interactive.

In the current digital era, learning videos have become a popular alternative for delivering information and teaching materials. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of speech acts, especially directive speech acts used in educational videos. The purpose of this study is to analyze and realize the number of speech acts, namely in directive speech acts in the Playlist of Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The approach used in this research is pragmatic theoretical approach and descriptive qualitative. Researchers used listening and recording techniques on the Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method of research based on postpositive philosophy which is used to study natural things to collect data, agih method and pairing method used to analyze this data. From the data analysis conducted, it was found that there were 152 directive speech acts, there were 5 types of directive speech acts namely invitation, command, prohibition, advice, advice. The results of the analysis in this article can provide further understanding of the role of directive speech acts in the context of video-based learning and material development by paying attention to directive speech acts.

his study aims to identify the representative speech acts contained in the learning video on the playlist “TPS-Literasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia” from the Private Al Faiz channel. In this study, the author aims to examine the purpose of the speech conveyed by Febri Irawan Al Faiz in the Private Al Faiz youtube channel. In speech acts, there are representative speech acts. Representative speech acts are speech acts that bind the speaker to the truth of what is said. The approaches used in this research are theoretical approach and methodological approach. This research uses the listening method with the note method as a continuation and also uses the commensurate method. The results of this study found that speech acts containing representative as follows: (1) explain, (2) demand, (3) state, (4) acknowledge, (5) show, (6) conclude, (7) suggest, (8) assert. From the six videos that have been analyzed, 324 speech acts are produced, namely 95 speech acts of explaining, 26 speech acts of demanding, 26 speech acts of stating, 18 speech acts of admitting, 61 speech acts of showing, 22 speech acts of concluding, 40 speech acts of suggesting, and 36 speech acts of affirming.

Speech acts must be done by everyone in everyday life. Speech act must be adjusted to the context of speech. It is expected that speakers understand various types of speech acts. This article aims to study directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning videos on the Inspirasi Guru Youtube channel in order to add insight and providing resources for researchers and readers. This research is conducted so that writers and readers can convey speech properly and correctly according to the context of speech. This research uses a pragmatic approach and analyzes by identifying speech acts, especially directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning videos contained in the Inspirasi Guru Youtube channel. The data information taken is a video that contains types of directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning. This research is using qualitative descriptive methods and pragmatic methods. The data collection technique uses listening and recording techniques. After the research in the learning video of the independent curriculum on the Inspirasi Guru youtube channel, it was found that there were various types of directive speech acts including directive speech acts of inviting, asking, ordering, charging, urging, suggesting, commanding, giving signals, forcing. The results of the analysis of this article are expected to add insight and can be a reference material for analyzing speech acts, especially directive speech acts, it is also expected that writers and readers able to speech in all situations boldly, well, and of course correctly.