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Early childhood education (ECE) demands imaginative and inventive approaches to guarantee that children are actively involved and undergo significant learning in line with their developmental phases. The swift advancement of technology has made interactive video a valuable tool for enhancing ECE learning, especially when integrated with local cultural material. This research examines the use of the interactive video Wajanus (Warung Jajanan Nusantara) in Class B of Mutiara Hati Kindergarten Ponorogo, aimed at familiarizing children with Indonesian traditional snacks while also enhancing their cognitive, social, linguistic, and cultural values. A qualitative descriptive method was utilized, involving participatory observation, semi-structured interviews with parents and teachers, along with documentation via photos, videos, and field notes. Data analysis adhered to the model proposed by Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and thematic conclusion formulation. The results indicate that utilizing Wajanus improved children's involvement in cognitive, emotional, and motor skills while promoting greater learning motivation. Children recognized numbers, shapes, and new vocabulary more efficiently, and they exhibited a positive attitude toward the local cultural heritage presented in the video. However, challenges were noted, including differing degrees of child involvement, the demand for extensive teacher assistance, and inadequate educational resources. In summary, interactive videos grounded in local culture like Wajanus are successful in enhancing early childhood education quality while also reinforcing children’s character education and cultural identity, and they possess significant potential for duplication in other ECE institutions throughout Indonesia

This study discusses the importance of parental social support in career planning for deaf children, who have communication limitations and need special assistance in developing their potential. This study was conducted because parents often experience anxiety about the future of their deaf-speech disabled children, especially in determining appropriate career paths. This study aims to describe forms of parental social support in the process of children's career planning. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with four parents of deaf students at SLB Asuhan Kasih Kupang. The results of the thematic analysis show that emotional, informative, and modeling support are the main forms of support provided by parents. Other supporting factors include the school environment, the exploration of children's interests, and parental expectations. These findings emphasize the importance of active parental involvement in optimally preparing children with hearing disabilities for their careers.

Children development in the digital era confronts substantial challenges stemming from rapid technological advancements. Children of the current generation, specifically Gen Z and Post Gen Z, are immersed in digital technology from a young age. Early childhood represents a demographic highly susceptible to the detrimental influences of digital media. Consequently, it is imperative to ensure that digital media utilized in early childhood education not only effectively fosters children's skills and knowledge but also remains secure and avoids producing adverse outcomes. This community service project purpose is to provide children with healthy internet literacy and to conduct training on creating digital content for them. This activity's focus was on managers and children of Mizan Amanah Orphanage for Orphans and the Poor in Surakarta. Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach was utilized, with the goal community empowering by leveraging its inherent potential and resources. Implementation phases involved a needs assessment (Discovery), defining aspirations (Dream), creating the training module (Design), finalizing a plan through a Focus Group Discussion (Define), and executing the training (Destiny). The processed questionnaires from all participants concluded that workshop material was highly beneficial and tutor's delivery was satisfactory. 63% of participants were satisfied, and 32% were very satisfied.

Children as perpetrators of criminal acts are certainly obliged to be responsible for their actions that have caused harm to others. However, in being responsible for their actions in the Special Correctional Institution for Children, they also need to receive moral guidance to shape their character so that they can behave well during their sentence and when they return to society after serving their sentence. This way, they can socialize well, having gained an understanding of good character formation during their sentence, ensuring they will not commit crimes again. Therefore, the implementation of social rehabilitation to form a quality character for child criminals through community service activities is very important to be carried out. These activities will help restore their social abilities, enabling them to adapt once again and play a positive role in community life. By doing so, they can contribute to society and avoid reoffending, leading to their successful reintegration into the community.

Children as perpetrators of criminal acts are certainly obliged to be responsible for their actions that have caused harm to others. However, in being responsible for their actions in the Special Correctional Institution for Children, they also need to receive moral guidance to shape their character so that they can behave well during their sentence and when they return to society after serving their sentence. This way, they can socialize well, having gained an understanding of good character formation during their sentence, ensuring they will not commit crimes again. Therefore, the implementation of social rehabilitation to form a quality character for child criminals through community service activities is very important to be carried out. These activities will help restore their social abilities, enabling them to adapt once again and play a positive role in community life. By doing so, they can contribute to society and avoid reoffending, leading to their successful reintegration into the community.

This artwork is a musical expression that evokes a childlike atmosphere, depicting the innocence, joy, and imagination of childhood that is often forgotten over time. The creation of this work begins with two popular Indonesian children’s songs, which serve as the main source of inspiration for the piece titled Childhood. These two songs were then developed and rearranged with a creative approach, resulting in a new form that retains the basic character of the children's songs but is packaged in a more modern and artistic musical atmosphere. This work uses two main musical patterns: the Waltz, which emphasizes softness, harmony, and romance, and the Swing, which brings energy, dynamics, and the cheerfulness typical of children's music. The fusion of these two patterns is done by considering elements such as tempo, harmony, rhythm, and dynamics to create a communicative and expressive work. Through Childhood, it is hoped that this piece will serve as a reflection of childhood memories, a nostalgic medium for the listeners, and an effort to preserve and revitalize Indonesian children's songs so that they remain relevant and loved across generations.

The research titled “Legal Implications of Mixed Marriages between Indonesian Citizens and Foreign Nationals on the Citizenship Status of Minors” discusses the legal consequences arising from marriages between Indonesian citizens (WNI) and foreign nationals (WNA), particularly regarding the determination of the citizenship status of minors. Mixed marriages often create legal complexities due to differences in citizenship systems between countries, which affect the rights and legal standing of children. The research problems focus on two main issues: how Indonesian positive law regulates the citizenship status of children born from mixed marriages, and how the state provides legal protection for such children. This study employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, analyzing relevant laws, doctrines, and court decisions. The results show that although Law Number 12 of 2006 on Indonesian Citizenship has improved the previous system by recognizing limited dual citizenship for children, its implementation still faces several obstacles. Complicated bureaucracy, a lack of understanding among officials, and persistent discriminatory practices remain major challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the legal framework and administrative system of citizenship management to ensure that the principles of non-discrimination and the best interests of the child are effectively and fairly realized.

The purpose of this research is to create an interactive Augmented Reality (AR)-based educational application that can display the Indonesian folktale "Keong Mas" using Unity 3D and Vuforia SDK. Due to the dominance of modern digital entertainment that is more visually appealing, the younger generation's interest in traditional folktales is declining. The choice of AR technology is based on its ability to combine three-dimensional virtual objects with the real environment in real-time, resulting in an interactive, engaging, and memorable learning experience. The research process used is the Life Cycle of Multimedia Development (MDLC), which consists of six stages: ideation, design, material collection, compilation, testing, and deployment. 3D character models, background environments, and interactive stories appear in the application when the camera detects certain markers. Testing was conducted using the black-box method to ensure all functions, including marker tracking, scene transitions, and narration playback, run smoothly. The test results show that the AR application "Keong Mas" successfully displays the folktale interactively and engagingly, thereby increasing the learning interest of children and adolescents. This application not only serves as an innovative learning medium but also contributes to the preservation of local culture through the integration of digital technology.

The low level of financial literacy in Indonesia, which only reached 49.68% according to the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in 2022, highlights the urgency of financial education from an early age. Children aged 11–12 are at an ideal developmental stage to understand basic financial concepts such as income, expenses, saving, and delayed gratification. This study aims to introduce financial literacy through an interactive learning medium in the form of a board game. Board games are chosen because they enhance children's engagement in learning while playing and serve as an alternative to excessive gadget use. Through gameplay, children practice financial decision-making by simulating buying and selling activities, managing expenses, and choosing to save. This approach also supports the development of children's self-efficacy, which refers to their belief in their ability to manage financial tasks. By applying this method, children are expected not only to understand the value of money but also to implement basic financial management skills in daily life. Educational board games offer an effective tool for instilling healthy financial habits from an early age.

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of introducing sign language for the hijaiyah letters in the learning process for deaf children at the Dharma Wanita Special Needs School in Situbondo based on the experiences of female PPL students. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews. The subjects of the study were 5 female PPL students who directly taught the hijaiyah letters using sign language and 1 supervising teacher at the PPL location, namely at the Dharma Wanita Special Needs School in Situbondo. The results of the study indicate that the use of sign language for the hijaiyah letters is effective in helping deaf children recognize and understand Arabic letters, especially through a visual approach and consistent hand movements. Teachers also expressed that learning became more interesting and participatory. However, there are several challenges such as limited media and the need for longer time in delivering the material. This study concludes that sign language for the hijaiyah letters is a potential alternative learning strategy for deaf children.

Early marriage remains an issue with negative impacts on the health and quality of the younger generation, particularly through the risk of stunting in children. This article discusses the results of a counseling session titled "Marriage is Not Just Legal: Legal Education on Marriage Dispensation and Its Implications for Preventing Stunting Among Students" conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Parepare. The counseling aimed to raise students' awareness about the relationship between the marriage age limit, marriage dispensation, and the health impact on children, specifically the risk of stunting. The methods used include deconstruction, brainstorming, material delivery, reconstruction, and evaluation through pre-tests and post-tests. The results show a significant improvement in students' understanding from both medical and legal perspectives. The discussion focuses on analyzing the contradictions in legal norms regarding the marriage age limit and marriage dispensation, which often cause implementation issues. This counseling emphasizes the importance of integrating legal education and reproductive health as a preventive strategy to reduce early marriage and prevent stunting. Thus, this program contributes to shaping a healthy, legally aware younger generation capable of making mature and responsible marriage decisions.

The distribution of inheritance is an important issue in Indonesian society which adheres to a plural legal system, namely Islamic law, customary law, and western civil law. One of the issues that often raises differences of opinion is the position of biological children and adopted children as heirs. In Islamic law, the right to inherit is based on the relationship of the nasab so that the biological child gets a clear share, while the adopted child does not have the right to inherit but can still be given a share through a grant or obligatory will. In contrast, Toba Batak customary law emphasizes the patrilineal principle, whereby sons, including legitimate adopted children through mangain customary ceremonies, are positioned as the successors of the clan and are entitled to inheritance except hereditary inheritance. This study uses a literature study method by examining literature related to Islamic law and Batak Toba customary law and qualitatively analyzed. The results of the study show that the difference in principles between these two legal systems gives birth to social and legal conflicts in the Batak Muslim society, especially when religious and customary values must be carried out together. However, opportunities for harmonization remain open through the application of the principle of justice that recognizes the position of adopted children in customary structures, as well as upholding sharia by granting rights through the mechanism of compulsory wills. These findings emphasize the need for an integrative approach in resolving inheritance disputes in order to create legal certainty, social justice, and maintain cultural and religious harmony.

This study aims to analyze the negative impact of learning pressure on early childhood development at Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Mawadah Warahmah Medan. The background of this research is based on the increasing academic demands on early childhood, particularly in reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, which are often inconsistent with their developmental stages. The research employed a qualitative method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that learning pressure negatively affects several aspects of child development, such as causing learning stress, reducing intrinsic motivation, limiting creativity, and hindering social- emotional growth. These findings emphasize that early childhood education should focus on play-based approaches, exploration, and holistic potential development rather than solely on academic achievement. The contribution of this research is expected to provide valuable insights for teachers, parents, and educational institutions regarding the importance of reducing academic pressure and implementing learning methods aligned with the principles of early childhood education.

This community service program aims to enhance the role of integrated health service posts (Posyandu) in monitoring child growth and development in Kenangan Baru Village, so that children in Kenangan Baru Village can grow and develop optimally. The research method used in this study was participatory action research (PAR) with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in several stages: preparation, intervention, and evaluation. Through this community service program, it is hoped that it will make a significant contribution to improving the knowledge and skills of Posyandu cadres in monitoring child growth and development, as well as increasing parental awareness and participation in monitoring child growth and development at the Posyandu in Kenangan Baru Village. This activity also helps build community independence by increasing public awareness and participation in development activities. The Community Service Program (KKN) in Kenangan Baru Village was successfully implemented and had a positive impact on the community. Through coordination and introductions with the village office staff and Posyandu cadres, we were able to understand the existing conditions and design an appropriate work program.

The development of digital technology has transformed children’s patterns of interaction through online games, which serve both as entertainment and transactional spaces. As digital consumers, children are entitled to protection equal to adults, yet they remain vulnerable to risks such as inappropriate content, fraud, data manipulation, and exploitation. Despite the existence of legal frameworks like the Consumer Protection Law, the Child Protection Law, and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, this study reveals that these laws do not specifically address children as a vulnerable group in the digital environment. This research employs an empirical normative approach to highlight the shortcomings of current regulations. Given the rapidly growing use of digital platforms by children, stronger regulatory measures, greater parental involvement, and increased responsibility from platform providers are essential to ensure the fulfillment of children’s rights and provide adequate protection in the digital space. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive legal reform to safeguard children’s digital rights.

Perceived Barrier Analysis Affecting the Interest of Women of Reproductive Age  in Participating in the Family Planning Program in The Working Area of The Jati 1 Health Center. The number of women participated in the family planning program in the Jati 1 Health Center work area was 12% while the target was 80%. One component of the HBM that discusses obstacles to family planning is perceived barriers. The purpose of this study was to analyze perceived barriers that influence the interest of women in participating in the family planning program in the Jati 1 Health Center work area. This research method uses a qualitative analytical description.The study was conducted in the Jati 1 Health Center work area in 2022. The number of main informants in this study was 4 respondents and 4 triangulation informants. The sampling method was snowball sampling. The results showed that women's interest in participating in the family planning program related to perceived barriers was fear of the side effects of family planning and myths believed by the surrounding community made women not interested in participating in the family planning program.This study concludes that there is an influence between knowledge about family planning, number of children, and husband's support on the interest of women in participating in the family planning program in the work area of Jati 1 Health Center.

Child sexual abuse is a severe problem that profoundly affects victims’ physical, psychological, and social well-being. The Deli Serdang Child Protection Institution (LPA) functions as a non-governmental organization providing recovery and rehabilitation services for victims of such abuse. This study aims to examine the implementation of psychosocial interventions for child sexual abuse victims at LPA Deli Serdang. Conducted in Deli Serdang Regency, the research involved several informants, including the Chairperson and Psychologist of LPA as key informants, two child victims identified by the initials Z and N as main informants, and four supporting informants consisting of the victims’ parents, the LPA Secretary, and Legal Staff. Data collection was carried out through literature review, observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed qualitatively to gain a comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial intervention process. The findings show that LPA Deli Serdang has fulfilled its role in accordance with Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, particularly in providing integrated services that address victims’ emotional and behavioral needs. Based on Nitimiharjo’s (2012) framework, psychosocial interventions implemented by LPA have contributed to positive improvements in the victims’ cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and environmental domains. Moreover, according to Caroline’s (2012) theory, individual and play therapy have been identified as the primary methods used to assist victims in the recovery process. Overall, these interventions have proven effective in supporting psychological healing and social reintegration for child sexual abuse victims under the institution’s care.

This study is entitled Community-Based Non-Formal Education Model of PERMAI Guidance Center for Indonesian Immigrant Children in Penang, Malaysia. This center is an educational facility for Indonesian immigrant children in Malaysia who do not have official citizenship documents. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The purpose of this study is to determine the education model used by the PERMAI Guidance Center as a community-based non-formal education institution for Indonesian immigrant children in Malaysia. The theory used in this study is the concept of Community-Based Non-Formal Education (PBK). The results of the study show that the educational curriculum used by the PERMAI Guidance Center is the Equivalency Education Curriculum (Packages A, B, and C). This curriculum is a non-formal education system equivalent to formal education (Package A is equivalent to elementary school, Package B is equivalent to junior high school, and Package C is equivalent to high school) recognized by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. The adoption of this curriculum is the main pillar for providing legitimacy and recognition of the education received by immigrant children at the PERMAI Guidance Center. Meanwhile, the education model used reflects the theory of transnationalism. This is manifested in two key aspects, namely the preservation of identity and the curriculum of the country of origin, as well as functional needs in the host country.

This study explores teachers’ perceptions of the importance of the Indonesian language in developing communication skills among early childhood learners. As a national language and medium of unity, Indonesian plays a strategic role in children’s linguistic and social growth. The research applied a qualitative descriptive design, using interviews, observations, and documentation with teachers at TK Ar-Raudah in Banjar Regency. Findings reveal that teachers perceive Indonesian as a crucial foundation for enhancing children’s speaking, comprehension, and expressive abilities. The language also supports children’s confidence and social interaction in learning contexts. However, challenges remain, such as the dominance of regional languages and limited teaching resources. Teachers employ strategies combining local and Indonesian languages to build comprehension and comfort. The study concludes that systematic use of Indonesian from early childhood fosters better communication competence and strengthens national identity. Enhancing teacher training and parental involvement is recommended to optimize Indonesian language development in early childhood education.

Prenatal exercise plays a vital role in maintaining the physical and mental well-being of pregnant women. This activity helps reduce common discomforts such as back pain, enhances stamina, and strengthens pelvic muscles in preparation for childbirth. However, knowledge among pregnant women regarding safe and effective exercises remains limited. The lack of structured information often leads to uncertainty and discourages participation in physical activities during pregnancy. This condition highlights the need for well-directed and comprehensive physiotherapy education. This community service program was conducted in Building B of the Kedungkandang Community Health Center and involved 15 participants. A holistic approach was employed, combining interactive counseling to convey the theoretical benefits and safety of exercise, group discussions to share experiences, and practical demonstrations. The exercises demonstrated were carefully selected to be simple, safe, and easy to perform independently at home, ensuring continuity beyond the educational sessions. The results indicated a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge, as evidenced by the comparison between pre-test and post-test scores. This improvement reflects the growing awareness among pregnant women of the importance of maintaining fitness through structured and safe physical activity. Continuous education through a community physiotherapy approach is necessary to ensure consistent implementation of prenatal exercise and to support long-term behavioral changes toward better maternal health.