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Employee innovative behavior is very important in increasing the growth and development of MSMEs. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of leader member exchange on the innovative behavior of MSME employees and the driving factors of leader member exchange on the innovative behavior of MSME employees. This study uses this scoping method to examine the most relevant and significant literature on leader member exchange (LMX) with related research methods. This research draws articles from several reputable national and international data bases or journals published from 2017 to 2023. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between leaders and team members in MSMEs has a significant impact on the innovative level of employees in MSMEs and the driving factors in LMX that influence the innovative behavior of MSME employees include leader support, mutual trust, open communication, recognition, and creative freedom

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an essential role in justice, increase people's income and encourage Indonesia's economic growth. However, in Palangkaraya City, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, the contribution of MSMEs to improving the economy and people's income has not been proportional to the number. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors driving and inhibiting the adoption of e-commerce technology among MSMEs in Palangkaraya City. In this study, researchers cite relevant literature and research sources to reveal the factors supporting or hindering e-commerce adoption among MSMEs. Consumer Support, Organizational Support, Knowledge Support, Technical Barriers, Financial Barriers, Legal Barriers, and Regulatory Barriers. The findings of this study can provide insights and recommendations to stakeholders to increase the competitiveness and market access of MSMEs in the digital era.  

This study aims to find out and analyze the influence of organizational culture, leadership style, and self-confidence on the work commitment Employees of Department Education and Culture Padang City. This type of research is quantitative research. This study uses primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires to Employees of Department Education and Culture Padang City. The total population of this study was 117 people. Sampling in this study using total sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 117 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression and t-statistic test. The research results show that, Organizational culture has a significant effect on the work commitment Employees of Department Education and Culture Padang City. Leadership style has a significant effect on the work commitment Employees of Department Education and Culture Padang City. Self-confidence variable has a significant effect on the work commitment Employees of Department Education and Culture Padang City. The work commitment is influenced by organizational culture, leadership style and self-confidence of 75.5%. While the remaining 24.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study, such as work environment, work motivation, work discipline, personality and so on.

In the learning process there will definitely be problems, both problems from the delivery of material by the teacher, problems from students, or inadequate facilities. There are many problems in learning the moral creed at MTsN 4 Fifty Cities, starting from a lack of enthusiasm for learning the moral creed. There are still students who are less active, feel bored in participating in the learning process and do not pay attention to what is conveyed by the teacher, children are indifferent to the assignments and notes given. This research is a descriptive qualitative research, the data collected is in the form of words, in this case it is explaining the problems of learning aqidah morals. Researchers collected data through interviews, documentation, and field notes. Data were analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. Techniques for guaranteeing the validity of the data are source triangulation, technical triangulation, and time triangulation. Based on the results of the research that the researchers conducted, it can be concluded that: (1) The learning process of Aqidah Akhlak at MTsN 4 Fifty Kota is still in the development stage and is trying to achieve the best. By providing facilities and infrastructure to support the learning of aqidah morals, (2) The problems of learning Akidah Akhlak Class 7 at MTsN 4 Fifty Kota can be seen from two factors, namely, first, internal factors, namely problems that generally occur in teachers and students. The problem of the teacher's aqidah morals is how to convince children of the unseen and convince them to adhere to true Islamic beliefs, from students, namely they often don't focus when studying, feel bored, sleepy in class. Problems from external factors, namely the incompatibility between learning materials of the moral creed and its application in the school, family and community environment. (3) In overcoming problems related to internal factors, namely the efforts made by the teacher to overcome these problems by continuing to improve competence, MGMP activities, continuing to actively communicate with students.

Research to better understand the real estate and plantation market in Indonesia, analyze the factors that affect returns on investment, and make policy recommendations that can improve efficiency and productivity in these areas. Combined quantitative research was conducted to investigate liquidity, leverage, and company size to determine the relationship between these variables. One factor that affects a business's value is its profitability, which can be measured from the profits generated by the company every year. If the company is very productive and profits increase, it will attract investors, and the value of the company will grow. Profitability is the ability to generate profits from sales or investments, while liquidity is the ability to pay short-term obligations on time. Leverage measures how well a company uses debt to finance its operations, and company size is the company's total market value.

This research is motivated by a phenomenon from the author's observations about the low student learning outcomes caused by several factors, including the low attention of students in attending Islamic Religious Education lessons. One of the causes of the problems that arise is the inaccuracy of the use of methods in learning. So, in this study the researcher will choose a method that is considered to be able to improve student learning outcomes, namely by using the demonstration method. This research uses a quantitative experimental approach. Collecting data in this study the authors obtained through tests and documentation. This study used 44 students as a population and 44 students as a sample. The data analysis technique that the author did was a prerequisite analysis test in the form of a data normality test, homogenesis. Then the final data analysis the author uses is the t-test. Based on the results of the study it can be understood that the results of the researchers' calculations using the t-test and SPSS 20 where the t-test obtained the results tcount = 4.11713736 and ttable = 1.714, then tcount > ttable then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, and calculations using SPSS 20 yield results which are 2-tailed significant values or sig values. (2-tailed) = 0.000 at the significance level α = 0.05. Because the significant value of 2-tailed <α, i.e. 0.000 <0.05, H0 is rejected. So it can be concluded that demonstrations are effective in improving student learning outcomes in class VIII.2 PAI subjects at SMPN 4 Kec. Lareh Sago Halaban.

The increasing market demand for Bok choy makes the need to apply a good cultivation system for the optimum growth and productivity of the plants very important. One of the main factors that must be considered in cultivating Bok choy is the treatment of plant spacing in which the soil is often enriched with ameliorants, such as zeolite. The combination treatment of plant spacing and zeolite showed a significant effect on the growth and productivity of Bok choy plants, where the further the plant spacing, the higher the growth rate. However, the same plant spacing treatment did not affect the pH value. The best zeolite treatment  was 150 g/1x5 m2 soil bed, or 300 kg/ha.

The volume of coffee exported from Indonesia between 2010 and 2020 will be reviewed in this study along with the influence of the variables coffee production, land area and exchange rate. In this study the influence of independent factors on dependent factors was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis of this study revealed that Indonesia's coffee exports were negatively affected but not significantly by variables related to coffee production. Indonesian coffee exports were negatively and insignificantly affected by changes in land area. Conversely, the exchange rate (exchange rate) has a positive but also insignificant impact on the volume of coffee exported from Indonesia.

The smooth production process is one of the factors supporting the success of a manufacturing industry in producing quality products, timely completion of manufacture and low production costs. Industrial machines are an important factor in a manufacturing industry besides reliable human resources (HR) and other supporting facilities, so that industrial machines require special attention that is carried out on an ongoing basis in order to support the smooth operation of an industry. Practical work at PT. Krakatau Steel Construction is carried out in the Maintenance division, especially the electrical parts. In practice, the authors conducted field research by participating directly in the process of caring for and maintaining each machine instrument used by the company, especially field research that discussed the upper cylinder control system based on programmable logic control in the section mill area at PT. Krakatau Steel Construction. . In this study using field research techniques where the author conducted field research by participating directly in the process of caring for and maintaining each machine instrument used by the company accompanied by industrial supervisors and maintenance division employees for 1 month.

The purpose of this study is to see how changes in rice imports in North Sumatra Province between 2009 and 2019 are due to changes in rice production, prices and consumption. To see how the influence of independent factors on the dependent variable, this study uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of multiple linear regression analysis partially show that domestic rice imports in North Sumatra are negatively and not significantly affected by rice production. In North Sumatra, the price of rice is positively and insignificantly affected by rice production, while rice consumption is negatively affected and may not be significantly affected by rice imports. There is no visible effect between the variables of rice production, rice prices, rice consumption, and rice from 2009 to 2019.

The goal of this study was to examine the government's role in addressing severe poverty and lowering stunting rates in the Dompu Regency of West Nusa Tenggara. Poverty and stunting are two major global challenges that affect all countries, including Indonesia. There are various causative elements, including economic and food factors. Children from low-income families are more likely to suffer from stunting due to their inability to meet nutritional needs, as do moms throughout adolescence and pregnancy. As a result, the POAC Management technique is adopted, which stands for Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling. The data was acquired using reduction analytic techniques, data display, verification, and qualitative descriptive analysis. The study was carried out in Dompu Regency to ensure its relevance.

Bakery store business analysis is an attempt to understand the factors that affect the performance of a bakery store in a competitive market. In this analysis, several key factors such as the external environment, the internal environment, as well as social and cultural factors need to be taken into account. In bakery store business analysis, several analysis methods can be used such as SWOT analysis, Five Forces analysis, and market analysis. These methods can help the bakery store identify existing opportunities and challenges and find the right business strategy to optimize the performance and growth of the bakery store. By conducting proper business analysis, the bakery store can optimize its performance and increase profits. In addition, business analysis can also help the bakery store to stay competitive in an increasingly competitive market and adapt to changes.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of capital and production costs on the income of micro, small and medium enterprises at the city of Palangkaraya drinking water filling depot. This research will provide a clearer picture of the factors that affect the income of a drinking water-filling depot business. The quantitative approach to multiple regression analysis is a method of conducting research by focusing on the relationship between variables using quantitative data. From this study, capital and production costs significantly influence the income of micro and SME enterprises at drinking water filling depots in Palangkaraya City. Revenue increases when capital and production costs increase; income decreases when it decreases. Together, these two effects explain 60.3% of income inequality. Suggestions for future researchers are to expand the scope of their research by considering other factors that can affect the income of micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) drinking water stations, such as Business location, product quality, and marketing strategy.

The development of human life today has been significantly influenced by the rapid advancement of technology. Behind the convenience and advancement of technology, it is not uncommon to have an unfavorable impact on its users. Nowadays, not a few children and teenagers are trapped in gadget abuse, for example; visiting pornographic sites and forgetting time to study because of addiction to online games. These events often result in the degradation of the child's character and spirituality. In addition, other factors that make children less controlled in using gadgets are due to the presence of some parents who do not provide guidance to children regarding the use of gadgets properly and regularly. The purpose of this writing is to explain the existence of Sunday school teachers in providing guidance and direction to increase Sunday school children's understanding of the use of gadgets by providing parenting guidance, teaching slowly the benefits of gadgets, utilizing the parental control features available on gadgets and determining sanctions for children if they violate the boundaries that have been given. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method and a literature research approach. The results received in this study are that the more existence of Sunday school teachers in increasing the digital quotient for children, the more responsible Sunday school children will be for the gadgets they have.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an important systemic autoimmune disease. Women are ten times more at risk of developing LES than men. The etiology of SLE is not fully understood and the pathophysiology involves genetic, immunological, endocrine and environmental factors. SLE is a chronic disease with periods of remission and relapse, so it requires different management and a long time. Medication adherence is required so that treatment goals can be achieved. Medication adherence rates in people with lupus have been reported from various studies to be 31.7-45.9%. Non-adherence to treatment for SLE causes an increase in visits to the emergency department and also hospitalization. There are two kinds of factors that influence medication adherence, intentional non-adherence and non-intentional non-adherence. Efforts are needed to improve and increase medication adherence by considering these both factors.

A This study discusses society's stereotypes about the ability of the blind.The stereotypes in question are general views and negative prejudices against the abilities and independence of the blind, so as to reduce their chances of being prioritized for facilities and not getting the opportunity to be empowered.The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that influence stereotypes about the ability of the blind and provide recommendations to reduce these stereotypes.The research method used is an online survey of respondents who are members of the general public from various backgrounds.The results of this study indicate that society's stereotypes regarding the ability of the blind are still very strong and are driven by internal and external factors of the blind themselves, such as social factors, lack of public knowledge about the ability of the blind, as well as self - faith that arises from the blind themselves.Not surprisingly, there are still many who think that blind people are less powerful when compared to sighted people.Therefore, efforts need to increase public awareness and knowledge about the abilities of the blind and eliminate existing stereotypes.

The emergency department is the front door in providing patient safety and health services. An emergency department certainly requires a fast and precise approach to patient safety. Fast and precise handling will increase patient satisfaction, patient satisfaction is a condition where the patient's needs, desires and expectations can be met through the products and services consumed. Therefore patient satisfaction is a measure of the quality of service felt by patients divided by the patient's needs, patient desires, and expectations of the patient himself. The purpose of writing this scientific article is to find out and review from a theoretical point of view various literatures. The method used is a theoretical study by analyzing and comparing existing theories. The result of this theoretical study is its function to review the factors that become patient satisfaction, so that it can assist the Hospital in making a better plan with a more logical, rational and systematic approach for each option that will be found by forming a plan. So that it can improve the image and trust of patients in choosing health care facilities. For the hospital it is very important and needs to be done optimally with these patient satisfaction factors to support the improvement of the hospital's status. So the agency in terms of tangible, reliable, assurance, and empathy to improve patient quality.

Transformational leadership encourages employees to take initiative, think creatively, and take risks in achieving organizational goals. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of transformational leadership and innovative behavior, explore the factors that mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative behavior, and evaluate the influence of transformational leadership and innovative behavior by conducting a review of journals published in Scopus through "Publish or Perish" in the period 2017-2023. After conducting a systematic review using the PRISMA method, 31 relevant journals were found for this study. The search keywords used were "Transformational Leadership" and "Innovation Behaviour". The results of the study showed that transformational leadership is an important factor in promoting innovative work behavior. Several factors that mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative behavior include organizational support for innovative behavior, innovation orientation and goal culture, meaningful work, digital literacy, team work quality, psychological empowerment, and motivation in general. In conclusion, transformational leadership has a significant impact on innovative work behavior.

The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-cultural conditions of the farming community in relation to children's education and the socio-economic conditions of the farming community in the village of Suro, Central Java. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data collection tools used in this study were observation and interviews. The results of the study show that factors such as limited access to education, traditional belief in the local education system, and the lack of public awareness regarding the importance of formal education are challenges in improving the education of children in Suro Village. However, through joint efforts from the government, community and non-governmental organizations, such as increasing access to formal education, the role of parents in providing support and motivation, campaigns and outreach programs regarding the importance of formal education, can improve the education of children in Suro Village. It is hoped that these efforts can gain strong support from all parties to create a conducive educational environment for the children of Suro Village to prepare for their future. It is hoped that this article can provide an overview of the condition of children's education in farming communities in rural areas and become a reference for the development of sustainable education policies in Indonesia.

The study aims to identify and analyze factors that influence rice imports in North Sumatra. The type of data used in this study is secondary data. Secondary data is a source of research data obtained by researchers indirectly through intermediary media. Secondary data is generally evidence, records or historical reports that have been compiled in published archives and that have not been published. After the data is collected, the data analysis will be carried out using a computer device through the Eviews application program version 9. The analysis of the data was carried out to determine the extent to which the free variables (X1) Rice Production (X2) Rice Price, (X3) Rice Consumption and (Y) Rice Import were determined by using the regression model Error Correlation Model (ECM) to know the effects of the variables in the long and short term.  The results of ECM analysis or the results of the short-term analysis of variables of production and rice prices have a negative and significant impact on rice imports, while the variable of rice consumption has a positive and non-significant impact on imports of rice in North Sumatra.