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Logic is an important foundation in human thinking and reasoning. In this review, we will examine the role of logic in the context of human thought, both in everyday life and in scientific disciplines. We begin by discussing the introduction of the concept of logic and the history of the development of logic in identifying its fundamental role in facilitating rational and systematic thought processes.Then we will analyze how logic influences various aspects of human life, from individual decision making to the development of science and technology. We also explore how the use of logic can improve human reasoning, reduce bias, and increase the clarity and precision of arguments. In addition, we discuss the challenges associated with applying logic in complex social and cultural contexts. We investigate how factors such as emotions, beliefs, and cultural background influence humans' ability to use logic effectively.Finally, we conclude by underlining the importance of understanding the role of logic in human thinking and reasoning to develop better critical thinking skills and promote the effective use of logic in various aspects of human life.

The challenges of millennials cover various aspects such as economy, employment, property ownership and leadership. According to Glints, the first challenge millennials face is economic, caused by the impact of previous economic crises and capital losses. In the world of work, millennials are often associated with stigmatization in the workplace and cross-generational differences in working styles, which can be challenging. Property ownership is also a challenge due to the high consumption of millennials. Managers need to be able to adapt to change and not feel stressed as millennials are more likely to seek real work and get bored quickly in the workplace. Millennials also value their own experiences and strengths, so they need to focus on that. This research uses a qualitative approach. This article uses library inquiry techniques, or library investigation, to copy data and understand theories found in relevant literature. The data used for this purpose is undoubtedly a precedent study of related arguments, such as libraries, journals, and scientific articles. Christian Religious Education (CHE) plays a crucial role in holistic education. Through PAK, millennials are guided to cultivate Christian values such as love, peace, honesty and justice. It also plays a role in shaping a moral and virtuous character based on the example of Jesus Christ. In addition, PAK equips millennials with a strong moral and ethical foundation, helps them make responsible and moral decisions, and guides them to live their lives in accordance with Christian values. In today's digital era, Christian Religious Education (CHE) needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives. This is important to ensure that learning is not boring and can engage students. In addition, Christian Religious Education should also shape students' self-image according to the values of biblical truth. In this way, students can develop a strong character based on Christian faith. PAK in its ministry should encourage every believer, from children to adults, so that they can use and optimize their intelligence/knowledge for the common good Christian Religious Education (CHE) in the modern era faces the challenge of educating the millennial generation which has unique characteristics. This generation is accustomed to technology and has high self-confidence. Therefore, PAK needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives to ensure that learning is not boring and engaging. In addition, PAK should focus on building students' self-awareness according to the values of Biblical truth and Christian Religious education teaching. This is important to help students develop a strong character based on the Christian faith. In this way, PAK can have a positive impact on the millennial generation and help them become people of faith and morals in an increasingly modern world.    

The university's payroll process includes information about various employees, including lecturers and administrative employees with varying details such as personal data, position and salary information. This research is focused on rebuilding the payroll application due to several shortcomings or challenges associated with the existing application. This research presents a detailed investigation into the design, implementation, and evaluation of a payroll application tailored for the university environment. This research covers main aspects such as use case analysis, relational database schema, application display and testing. Use case analysis begins with identifying and understanding the various scenarios and requirements specific to a university payroll system. Through thorough exploration of user roles, system functionality. Relational database schemas are designed to efficiently store and manage complex payroll data, ensuring accurate and efficient processing. Compatibility testing plays an important role in ensuring the integration of payroll applications with existing systems. This research performs black-box testing to test application functionality and application compatibility testing with various hardware configurations, operating systems, and web browsers to ensure optimal performance and accessibility. The results of this research contribute to the advancement of payroll management and provide guidance for the development of deep payroll applications in universities.

Rural areas are defined as rural communities who live at the local level or what is known as a village. The dynamics of political life at the village level are very important to see and observe, because building an independent, advanced country and maintaining national integrity starts from the lowest level, namely the village or rural community. So awareness of the importance of developing rural communities continues until the current government, this is marked by the program run by the Central Government by providing fresh funds every year to villages throughout Indonesia. The village head election system cannot be separated from the dynamics in local political developments at the village level. In the village head election, there was a struggle for power, as is common in every round of Village Head elections in Indonesia. Candidates for village head use various methods in the village head election process in order to win the election and gain power at the lower level. Awareness of the importance of developing rural communities continues until the current government, this is marked by the program run by the Central Government by providing fresh funds every year to villages throughout Indonesia, of course this is an indication of the importance of developing communities at the village level so that they are independent and have higher productivity and will further improve the welfare of society. A village or rural environment (rural area) is a community that is always associated with simplicity, backwardness, traditionalism, subsistence and isolation (Rahardj, 1999)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the causative agent. The emergence of drug-resistant forms, such as Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and Extensive-drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), poses substantial challenges in TB management. This study focuses on analyzing the cost variations associated with laboratory examinations for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients undergoing treatment cycles at a tertiary hospital.The methodology involved the inclusion of patients diagnosed with MDR-TB or XDR-TB who underwent a range of laboratory tests during their treatment. A cross-sectional retrospective analytics approach was employed, utilizing medical records from the hospital's MDR division.The results of the study, encompassing 30 MDR-TB patients and 2 XDR-TB patients, revealed significant differences in laboratory examination costs between the MDR-TB and XDR-TB groups (p = 0.018). This disparity underscores the financial burden associated with managing drug-resistant TB variants, particularly in terms of laboratory monitoring and diagnostic procedures.The discussion delves into the implications of these cost variations, highlighting the challenges faced by healthcare systems and patients in resource allocation and financial planning for TB treatment. The findings underscore the importance of cost-effective strategies and optimized laboratory protocols to ensure comprehensive yet affordable care for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients.In conclusion, this study sheds light on the considerable cost variations in laboratory examinations for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients, emphasizing the need for efficient resource utilization and targeted interventions to address the financial aspects of managing drug-resistant TB strains effectively.

Otomycosis is an ear infection caused by fungi, or a superficial fungal infection of the pinna and meatus auditorius - externus. The most common symptom is itching. Ear scraping causes disruption of the natural ear cleaning mechanism so that it is easy to develop otomycosis. Indonesia with a tropical climate has a high level of humidity causing fungal infections to occur easily in the human body, such as in the ear canal or called otomycosis. This study aims to determine the relationship between the habit of picking ears with the incidence of otomycosis in the ENT Polyclinic of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam kota in 2023. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all patients at the ENT Polyclinic of the Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam Kota in 2023 with purposive sampling technique taking total sampling on a sample of 70 people. Data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results of this study obtained variables associated with the incidence of Otomycosis. Where with a frequency of >1x / week (often), 75% experienced otomycosis and ≤1x / week (rarely), 34.6% experienced otomycosis. There was a significant relationship between the frequency variable and the incidence of otomycosis (p value = 0.001). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the habit of scraping the ears with the incidence of otomycosis in patients of the ENT Polyclinic of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam Kota 2023.

This research aims to investigate user satisfaction and usability of e-catalogs in the context of procurement effectiveness in the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) environment. Utilizing a qualitative approach and literature review, survey data and in-depth interviews were obtained to analyze challenges and factors affecting e-catalog usage. Findings reveal that the majority of users experience difficulties in using e-catalogs, particularly regarding navigation and user interface complexity. This complexity is associated with inadequate training and lack of clear guidelines. Furthermore, user satisfaction with e-catalogs correlates with usability and availability of adequate information. Thus, simplifying the user interface and enhancing information accessibility are identified as key steps to improve procurement effectiveness in the TNI AL environment.

The analysis focuses on the legal aspects surrounding marriage dispensations for individuals below the age of 19, as outlined in Law Number 16 of 2019, which amends Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. According to Article 7, paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law, marriage is permissible only if both the man and woman have reached the age of 19. This provision underscores the necessity of establishing a minimum age for marriage, considering the significant legal implications associated with marital unions, such as alterations in rights and responsibilities. However, a potential ambiguity arises when Article 7, paragraph (1) is juxtaposed with Article 6, paragraph (2) of the same law. While Article 7, paragraph (1) sets forth a minimum age requirement for marriage, Article 6, paragraph (2) does not provide clear legal guidance for individuals seeking marriage before reaching the prescribed age. Despite the provision for dispensation in Article 7, paragraph (2) and Article 6, paragraph (2), some argue that granting dispensations may overlook future familial harmony and reduce the institution of marriage to mere physical fulfillment, contradicting principles of Islamic jurisprudence. Data collection involved observations and interviews with local residents who entered into underage marriages, as well as discussions with the head of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Parung Panjang Subdistrict. The research adopts a socio-legal approach, integrating sociological and juridical perspectives, within a qualitative field research framework. The study aims to comprehend the regulation of marriage dispensation under both civil and Islamic law, examining the consequences of underage marriages in Jagabita Village, Bogor.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. One of the complications of DM, such as diabetic foot ulcers, is chronic wounds below the ankle. This increases morbidity, mortality, and the quality of life of patients. Diabetic ulcers are often associated with a lack of knowledge among diabetic patients about foot care and skills in preventing worsening wounds. This lack of knowledge has been proven to be a contributing factor to why people with DM do not perform foot care independently. Therefore, providing education on diabetic foot care is necessary to prevent the increasing incidence of DM and to prevent diabetic ulcers. This study aims to determine the effect of video health education on the knowledge of foot care among diabetes mellitus patients in the Cibolang Village, the working area of Cibolangkidul Community Health Center. This is a quantitative study with a Quasi experimental research design using a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was conducted using Non-Probability sampling technique, specifically purposive sampling. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test analysis, a P value of 0.001 < 0.05 was obtained, indicating that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be concluded that there is an influence of video health education on the knowledge of foot care among diabetes mellitus patients in Cibolang Village, Cibolangkidul Community Health Center.  

This study examines approaches to social media use of TikTok in elementary schools, focusing on safety, education, and positive impact. In an increasingly digitally connected environment, children face increased opportunities and risks associated with social media use. The aim of this study is to develop appropriate approach strategies to help students understand how to use her TikTok in a balanced and safe manner. Research methods include literature research on children's social media use and analysis of educational policies related to social media in elementary schools.The results demonstrate the need for educational approaches that focus on positive creativity, digital awareness, and online safety. The proposed approach includes educational sessions, workshops, and training sessions involving students, teachers, and parents. Public relations takes into account age restrictions, privacy settings, and the positive and negative effects of online activity.  The role of teachers and school staff in monitoring and supporting students in the digital world will also be strengthened. The implementation of this outreach strategy aims to create a supportive, educational and safe environment for the u. se of the social media TikTok among primary school children, thereby bridging the gap between technological development and child protection

Development is a process in which a condition, situation, or entity experiences change or progress from one state to another that is better or more advanced. In a broader context, development can cover various fields, such as economic, technological, social, cultural and political. Development is often associated with positive progress or growth. Development can also refer to a more general process of change, including changes in people's thoughts, views, and values. Development refers to the physical, mental, emotional, and social growth that occurs throughout a person's life cycle. Violations are actions or behavior that violate established rules, laws, norms or codes of ethics. Violation often refers to actions that violate laws or regulations imposed by the government. This can include actions such as theft, violence, fraud, drug abuse, and so on. Violations of the law can impact individuals, groups, or society as a whole and can result in legal consequences, such as incarceration, fines, or other penalties. Violations reflect non-compliance or violation of established standards, and often result in negative impacts, both for the individual who violates and for other people or society as a whole. In Indonesia, there are regulations regarding Human Rights (HAM), which have been implemented in established laws and regulations. In Indonesia, Human Rights (HAM) can be regulated in various laws and regulations such as: 1956 Constitution, articles 18-34 concerning Human Rights (HAM). These articles can guarantee basic rights such as the right to life, freedom, justice, legal protection, religious freedom, and the right to get a job. Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights (HAM). This law is a regulation that specifically regulates human rights in Indonesia. This law states the Indonesian government's commitment to Human Rights (HAM) and establishes the basic principles and mechanisms for protecting Human Rights (HAM). And also, Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning Human Rights Courts (HAM), which regulates law enforcement against human rights violations in Indonesia, including the establishment of a Human Rights Court as a special law enforcement institution that examines and adjudicates cases of violations. HAM. The development and violations of Human Rights (HAM) in Indonesia have a significant impact on society, the government and the country as a whole. The following is the impact, namely the protection and promotion of individual rights, where the development of Human Rights (HAM) has a positive impact by ensuring that individual basic rights are respected and promoted. This includes the right to freedom of opinion, freedom of religion, the right to legal protection, economic, social and cultural rights. This development strengthens democracy and the welfare of society as a whole

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels). Diabetes Mellitus can be associated with serious complications such as kidney damage, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and skin and foot problems, so DM sufferers need to take precautions to avoid complications. There are several ways to prevent diabetic ulcers, several things that families and patients can do independently, checking the condition of the feet every day for Diabetes Mellitus sufferers needs to be done once a day to detect abnormalities such as redness, blisters, cracked skin, swelling and pain. Objective: To determine the relationship between foot care and the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Health Center Working Area. Method: The method used in this research is the Descriptive Analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The samples used were 69 patients suffering from diabetes who were at risk of diabetic foot ulcers in the Sukabumi Community Health Center Working Area. Results: Based on the results of statistical tests with chi-square, the resulting P value was 0.000 < 0.05, which can be concluded that there is a relationship between foot care behavior and the incidence of diabetic ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Community Health Center Working Area. Conclusion: it can be concluded that there is a relationship between foot care behavior and the incidence of diabetic ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Health Center Work Area. Suggestion: DM sufferers are expected to be disciplined in caring for their feet even though diabetic foot ulcers have not yet occurred and families with diabetes are able to get involved and help if the patient has a serious ulcer, without having to visit health personnel.    

Anaemia is a global problem for pregnant women. The WHO states that the incidence of anaemia in pregnant women is 48.9%. Central Java's anaemia rate is 57.7%, while Brebes Regency's anaemia rate is 50%. According to the Brebes District Health Office, this problem lies in pregnant women's adherence to taking iron supplement tablets. The study aimed to determine the factors influencing the consumption of blood-supplemented tablets by pregnant women at the Buaran Health Center. This research method was a quantitative analytic survey with a cross-sectional design, with a population of 96 third-trimester pregnant women. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 49 respondents. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately (using chi-square statistics). The results showed that the factors associated with the consumption of iron tablets were knowledge (p-value=0.013), motivation (p-value=0.037), family support (p-value= 0.019), ANC visits (p-value=0.000), and compliance (p-value=0.002). The suggestion is that pregnant women at the Buaran Health Centre increase awareness about consuming blood-supplemented tablets to maintain the health of the mother and baby and that advice from health workers is needed every time pregnant women carry out an ANC examination at a health facility.

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins, leading to hyperglycemia. DM can be associated with serious complications such as kidney damage, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and skin and foot problems, so DM sufferers need to take precautions to avoid complications. Foot exercise is a type of foot exercise performed by diabetics which can increase peripheral perfusion and thus prevent worsening of diabetic neuropathy. Foot exercise can also reduce the risk and progression of peripheral neuropathy because it can improve blood flow to the periphery, increase muscle strength and improve motor function. Objective: to determine the effect of foot exercise on motor neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Method: The design in this study used a quasi-experimental approach using a one group pretest posttest design. The sample for this research was 18 respondents. Data analysis used the paired sample t-test. Results: based on the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples t Test, the resulting P value is 0.000 < 0.05, where it can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients in the working area of Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center.

In Indonesia, the main focus of current education reform efforts is the Merdeka Curriculum. Mathematics is one of the subjects that has undergone many changes, especially at the elementary school (SD) level. This study investigates the impact and challenges that arise when implementing Merdeka Curriculum in mathematics learning at the primary level. The purpose of this study is to provide insights and details regarding the challenges associated with learning mathematics. This research uses a qualitative descriptive methodology that combines two methods to explore information at SDN 012 Babakan Ciparay, Bandung City, which leads to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research results obtained in this study found that there were difficulties in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum in students as well as teaching staff, especially in the application of mathematics learning. However, this does not significantly affect the effectiveness of learning and the interest of students and teaching staff.

Uric acid is a severe and painful form of joint inflammation, resulting from metabolic processes in the body due to the accumulation of crystals in the joints, leading to an increased level of uric acid in the body. The joints most commonly affected are the toes, knees, heels, wrists, fingers, and elbows. Acute pain in individuals with uric acid becomes a frequent issue, involving actual or potential tissue damage that can be described as ranging from mild to severe pain. Red ginger has various uses that can alleviate pain associated with joint pain or uric acid. The warm compress of red ginger helps improve blood circulation in the body and can also reduce pain. Objective: To determine the effect of red ginger compress on acute pain in patients with acute uric acid in the Cisaat Health Center's working area. Method: The design in this study uses Quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The total population in this study is 96 people, with a sample size of 16 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the Paired T-test. Results: The results of the statistical test with the Paired Samples Test showed a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05. There is an influence of red ginger on acute pain in patients with uric acid in the Cisaat Health Center's working area

Discounts and promotions are the main motivation, while most feel that the financial risks outweigh the benefits. This research aims to highlight aspects of financial risk associated with adolescent consumption choices in the e-commerce era so that this study contains an analysis of the impact of using the "PayLater" option on Shopee on adolescent consumption behavior, focusing on financial implications and usury perspectives. The method used in this study was qualitative and literature with research subjects of adolescents aged 17-21 years. The results of this study show that the use of the "PayLater" option on Shopee affects teenagers' consumption behavior in a complex way. The majority of teenagers have a neutral point of view influenced by friends and Shopee promotions.

Adolescent nutritional status is one of the determinants of the quality of human resources, if deficiencies will cause very serious effects such as failure of physical growth and not optimal development and intelligence. Based on the health profile of North Sumatra Province in 2019, the prevalence of nutritional status in Simalungun district was very thin at 4.12% and obesity at 2.19%. This study aims to determine the factors associated with nutritional status in adolescents at SMP Muhammadiyah 21 Serbelawan.The research design used in this research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design, with a population of 523 students and a sample size of 84 students selected by proportionate stratified random sampling. The results showed that there was a relationship between the pocket money factor (p value = 0.000 <0.05), food intake (p value = 0.000 <0.05), physical activity (p value = 0.000 <0.05) with nutritional status. So that the results showed that there were 10 (11.9%) students with thin nutritional status, and 33 (39.3%) students with fat nutritional status.The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between pocket money, food intake, physical activity with the incidence of nutritional status. It is expected for respondents who have less pocket money and nutrient intake to be able to familiarize a healthy diet, by consuming diverse and nutritious foods.  

The Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) is part of the company's management system in general which aims to control risks associated with work activities in order to create a safe, efficient and productive work environment. PP RI Number 50 of 2012 issued regulations regarding the Implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulatory System, and Article 5 of the Law requires every company to implement SPK3 in their company, especially for companies that employ a minimum of 100 (one hundred) workers/laborers or have a high level of potential hazard. Hot work Permit System is a system of written permission to do work that generates heat sources. This study aims to determine the implementation of SMK3 with hot work system management as fire and explosion prevention at PT. XYZ, Indramayu. It is recommended for companies to strengthen the application of safety culture by implementing a hot work permit system, organizing training for welding workers, and conducting socialization regarding standard operating procedures (SOP) in work behavior for all workers.

Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition characterized by stunted growth in height for a long period of time, so that children have a height that is not appropriate for their age. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Jurusen Village, Pegasing District, Central Aceh Regency in 2022. The method in this study is an analytical observational research type with a research design using a Cross Sectional approach. This research was conducted in Factors Related to the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers in Jurusen Village, Pegasing District, Central Aceh Regency in 2022. The population in this study was 38 toddlers. then the sample is part of all the objects studied and is considered to represent the entire population. The number of samples used was 38 people using the Total Sampling technique. The data collection technique used a questionnaire sheet and a respondent observation sheet. The data analysis technique used the chi-square statistical test. Based on the results of the statistical analysis, it is known that there is a significant relationship between Exclusive Breastfeeding, Father and Mother's Height, Nutritional Status During Pregnancy, Education Status and Knowledge, on the Incidence of Stunting with a value of p = 0.002 (p <0.05) and the highest Exp (B) value of 11.333. This independent variable dominates the significant influence on the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers in Jurusen Village, Pegasing District, Central Aceh Regency in 2022.