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This research explores the impact of financial inclusion on the growth of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, during the 2011-2021 period. Data analysis shows an increase in financial services account ownership from 20% to 52%, contributing to economic growth and a decrease in the unemployment rate. This study highlights the role of government policy in promoting access to financial and supporting services for MSMEs, which is crucial in developing local economies and social welfare. The implications of these findings recommend strengthening financial inclusion policies and increasing support for MSMEs to optimize economic growth and expand employment opportunities in Central Kalimantan.

Sikka Regency is an area with superior tourism potential but the contribution of the tourism sector does not have a significant influence on economic growth, this is due to the low contribution of the creative economy in supporting the tourism sector which is influenced by less attractive and competitive creative economy products, lack of promotion and branding, lack of collaboration and partnership between tourism actors and creative economy actors and lack of support from the government and related institutions. To overcome these problems, the proposed solution is the existence of regulations as a strong legal foundation and framework for policies and programs that support the creative economy in Sikka Regency. The writing of this Policy Paper aims to enable the creative economy to contribute more to the development of the tourism sector in Sikka Regency and increase regional economic growth as well as policy recommendations to overcome the low contribution of the creative economy to support tourism in Sikka Regency. The method used in this paper is problem tree analysis involving literature study, field observation and in-depth interviews with tourism and creative economy actors. The recommended policy option is a Sikka Regent Regulation on Creative Economy that can provide a legal framework and programs that support the development of the creative economy sector in Sikka Regency.

This article investigates the relationship between trade liberalization and income inequality in developing economies. Using empirical data from a range of countries that have undergone significant trade policy reforms, the study examines how opening markets to global trade influences income distribution. It finds that while trade liberalization often leads to overall economic growth, it can also exacerbate income inequality within countries. The paper argues that the design of trade policies should account for redistributive mechanisms to mitigate the adverse effects on vulnerable populations.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a key driver of economic growth in many developing regions, but its effectiveness in Sub-Saharan Africa has been mixed. This paper examines the dynamics of FDI in the region, exploring both the challenges and opportunities it presents for economic development. The research identifies factors such as political instability, infrastructure deficits, and regulatory barriers that hinder FDI inflows, as well as the potential benefits such as technology transfer, employment, and market expansion. It concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving the FDI climate in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The advent of digital technologies has reshaped economies worldwide, especially in emerging markets. This paper explores how digital transformation accelerates economic development by enhancing business operations, improving financial inclusion, and fostering innovation. Through case studies and data analysis, the research highlights the critical role of digital infrastructure, e-commerce, and the fintech industry in driving economic growth in developing countries. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges faced, such as digital inequality and regulatory barriers, and offers recommendations for policymakers to harness the full potential of digitalization for sustainable development.

The shift towards sustainable development has become a central concern in global economic strategies. This paper assesses the role of green investment in fostering economic growth while ensuring environmental sustainability in developing economies. By analyzing investments in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and eco-friendly technologies, the study evaluates the potential for green investments to stimulate job creation, enhance economic resilience, and reduce environmental degradation. The paper also explores policy frameworks that could incentivize green investments and support the transition to a low-carbon economy.

This research is motivated by the existence of a high level of public trust in banking is closely related to the assessment of banking performance in terms of liquidity ratio analysis. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of bank liquidity and what policies will be carried out by banks against the ratio results. The method used in the research is the literature review method with data in the form of references to evaluate liquidity ratios in banking. The results obtained in this study from Table RQ1 the types of liquidity ratios that are often used in measuring the level of banking liquidity are the quick ratio and cash ratio. While Table RQ2 the advice that can be given is that banks must be able to pay attention and evaluate their assets. So it can be concluded that in general the types of liquidity ratios that are often used to calculate the level of bank liquidity are the quick ratio and cash ratio and further banking policy suggestions to use more diverse types of liquidity ratios. Ajmadayana, C. P., Akmalia, Z., & Hasibuan, A. F. (2022). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia Periode 2019-2020. Jurnal Ekobistek, Volume 11 No.3, 179-185. Fathurrahman. (2022, March). Banking Perfomance Analysis Based On Liquidity Ratio. Nusantara Hasana Journal, Vol.1 No.10, 141-145. Harahap, & Safitri, S. (2015). Analisis Kritis Atas Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. Rajagrafindo Persada. Harianto, S. (2017). Rasio Keuangan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 41-48. Iryani, L. D., & Herlina. (2015). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas dalam Mendukung Pembiayaan pada PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi, Volume 1 No. 2, 32-40. Jumingan. (2006). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Kasmir. (2015). Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan Lainnya. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Kasmir. (2017). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. Rajagfrindo Persada. Khotimah, I. C. (2021). Analisis Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Bagi Rasio Likuiditas Bank Bukopin Syariah. Jurnal LARIBA Jurnaal Perbankan Syariah, Vol. 2 No. 02, 28-41. Masita, N., Hariatih, & Nianty, D. A. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi, Vol. 1 No. 2, 203-214. Nurul, Suharti, T., & Nuhayati, I. (2020, Mei). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Rentabilitas Pada Sektor Perbankan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Vol.3 No.2, 146-159. Ottay, M. C., & Alexander, S. W. (2015). Analisis Laporan Keuangan Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. BPR Citra Dumoga Manado. Jurnal EMBA, Volume 3 No.1, 923-932. Pangemanan, I. W., Karamoy, H., & Kalalo, M. (2017). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Leverage dan Profitabilitas Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk. Cabang Manado. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Going Concern, Volume 12 No. 2, 25-34. Permana, I. S., Halim, R. C., Nenti, S., & Zein, R. N. (2022). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas dalam Mendukung Pembiayaan pada PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk. Jurnal Aktiva: Riset Akuntasi dan Keuangan, Volume 3 No.3, 132-139. Ramadhanty, T. N., Musriha, & Noviandri, I. (2021). Analisis Rasio Keuangan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada PT.Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Barat dan Banten, Tbk. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Volume 1 Nomor 3, 183-188. Setia, I., Clasissa, R., Nenti, S., & Zein, R. N. (2022). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas pada PT. Bank BNI (Persero) Tbk. Jurnal Aktiva: Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan, Vol.3 No.3, 132-139. Sihombing, C., Damanik, E. O., & Sriwiyanti, E. (2019). Pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Eka Prasetya Pematangsiantar. Jurnal of Accounting USI, Volume 1 No. 1, 12-22.  

Economic growth is a top priority for every country. Economic growth is used as an important indicator to assess economic performance. Population growth, unemployment rate, and inflation rate are considered important factors that influence economic growth. This research aims to analyze the influence of population, unemployment and inflation on economic growth in Central Kalimantan Province. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method is used to analyze short-term and long-term relationships between these variables. The research results show that in the short term, inflation, unemployment and population do not have a significant effect on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). However, in the long term, only unemployment and population do not show a significant influence on GRDP. This research contributes to understanding the dynamics of economic growth and provides insight for policy makers in Central Kalimantan Province to formulate effective strategies for sustainable development.

Work From Home or working from home is the policy of the government of the Republic of Indonesia in handling cases of the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The first Covid-19 case occurred in Indonesia in 2020, this made the Indonesian government create a large-scale social restriction policy which made all workers, both government and private, change their work system to Work From Home. BPJS Employment Mampang branch is a government agency that provides social security services to all workers in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to find out how work from home was evaluated during the Covid-19 pandemic at the BPJS Employment Mampang office. This research uses a qualitative approach and uses the CIPP model evaluation theory developed by Stufflebeam Zhang. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The number of informants in this research was 12 informants. Data processing uses triangulation techniques. The results of this research show that the evaluation of Work From Home during the Covid-19 pandemic at the BPJS Employment Mampang office resulted in a fairly good evaluation. With the results of this evaluation, several employees agreed that the Work From Home program should continue to be implemented by making improvements to the Work From Home program so that it can be more effective for employees and the company. However, for employees who do not agree, it is because not all job desk jobs can be done Work From Home.

This research aims to analyze the influence of company growth, funding decisions and dividend policy on company value. This research was conducted by analyzing the financial reports of companies in the transportation and logistics sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the period 2018 to 2022. The sample used in this research was 9 technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2018 to 2022 using purposive sampling techniques. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of financial reports from each company that has been used as a research sample. The variables used in this research are Company Growth (X1) as the first independent variable, Funding Decisions (X2) as the second independent variable, and Dividend Policy (X3) as the third independent variable and Company Value (Y) as the dependent variable. The panel data regression method was used as the research methodology in this study. Analysis of research results using EViews 12 Student Version Lite software. The research results show that the best model is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of this study show that partial company growth has no effect and is not significant on company value, partial funding decisions have a significant effect on company value, partial dividend policy has no effect and is not significant on company value, and simultaneously company growth and funding decisions and Dividend Policy influences Company Value.

This research was triggered by the lack of effectiveness in implementing flood management measures at the regional, village and community levels. Problem identification shows that the coastal area of ​​Tangerang Regency has a low risk of flooding and damage due to tidal waves, this was obtained from a preparedness study which showed a low regional resilience index, preparedness index and flood implementation capacity index. The aim of this research is to evaluate the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Disaster Management in Flood Management in the Coastal Area of ​​Tangerang Regency. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, and data collection is carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. In its analysis, this research refers to Van Metter and Van Horn's theory which includes indicators such as policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational relationships, characteristics of implementing agents, economic, social and political environmental conditions, and implementing arrangements. The research results show that policy standards and objectives have not been implemented optimally, and policy objectives do not have a significant impact according to existing regulations. BPBD Tangerang Regency is experiencing a shortage of resources, both in terms of the quality of human resources, budget and materials. Although relations between organizations are maintained, they have not yet reached optimal levels. Communication with village officials is not well informed to the community, so that synergy and cooperation with the community in Tanjung Burung and Tanjung Pasir Villages has not been fully realized, especially in the coastal areas of Tangerang Regency. There is a positive attitude of implementers towards policies, but realistic and preventive action is needed in disaster management. Economic, social and political environmental conditions do not fully support the implementation of disaster management.    

The school has 399 students and 21 employees, including four non-teachers and one librarian. The ISR has characteristics like public school in Indonesia where curriculum, policy and finance are supported by Indonesian government and parents’ committee partnership (Setyono, 2016). Based on the concept of No Children Left Behind (NCLB), the ISR need to give opportunities for students to continue to study at they preferred school or university in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. In these contexts, the community engagement strategies plan is not only collaboration of stakeholders to accommodate learning facilities, but also provide eLearning tools to support the learners need in purpose to improve students’ competencies and create positives learning environment in ISR.    

To improve service quality, the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia issued a Decree of the Director General of the Religious Courts Number 1403.b/DJA/SK/OT.01.3/8/2018 Concerning Guidelines for One-Stop Services in the Religious Courts Environment. With this policy, the Depok Religious Court implemented the One-Stop Integrated Service. In implementing the One Stop Integrated Service at the Depok Religious Court, several obstacles were found in its implementation. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the implementation of the One Stop Service policy at the Depok Religious Court. The theory of this research uses the theory of policy implementation in the George Edward III model. By using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Retrieval of data using interviews, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, to test the validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The results of the research from 4 indicators that regarding communication it is necessary to carry out more socialization because many people do not know about the mechanism in the procedure for handling service cases that exist at PTSP. Resources, in terms of quantity the number of officers at PTSP is still small while the number of cases at the Depok Religious Court is quite a lot. In terms of quality, there is a need for training because there are still officers who are less responsive, and the existing facilities and infrastructure at PTSP have not been integrated all in one door due to limited land. Disposition, the executors have a commitment to carry out this policy by delivering tasks that are good enough in accordance with the contents of the instructions in the policy. Bureaucratic Structure, the officers have carried out the policy in accordance with the applicable SOP. Suggestions from this study are that socialization must be increased and there is a need for land expansion to support infrastructure facilities and additional staff on duty at PTSP so as to maximize service time.

This article discusses the implementation of adequate accommodation policies for students with disabilities at the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of adequate accommodation policies for students with disabilities at the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and uses the theory of Edward III. The result of this study is that the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta has implemented the regulation, but it has not run optimally because there are several obstacles such as infrastructure that has existed long before the entry of students with disabilities, limited budget devoted to disability infrastructure, and there has been no special training for staff / employees so that it has not produced excellent service for students with disabilities.

PDAM tariffs and policies have a very important role in maintaining the availability of clean water and quality services for the community. Economically, the tariffs set by PDAM enable the provision of clean water in a sustainable manner with operational finance, infrastructure maintenance, and investment in developing the water distribution network. This research aims to reveal the impact of PDAM Tirtanadi's tariff adjustment policy on customer satisfaction. Adjusting air tariffs is an important step for PDAMs to finance infrastructure maintenance and operations, but this can also have an impact on customer satisfaction. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Qualitative research makes it possible to describe phenomena in depth, including the impact of PDAM Tirtanadi's tariff policy on customer satisfaction. In the descriptive method, the main focus is on a detailed and in-depth description of the observed phenomenon, without carrying out statistical analysis. The data used in this research comes from writings contained in books, scientific journals, previous research and through interviews with customers and related parties of PDAM Tirtanadi Medan Denai Branch during college internships. The results of this research indicate that the tariff adjustment policy creates hopes and concerns among customers, who hope that service quality will increase in line with tariff increases. In addition, this research also identifies factors that influence customer perceptions of tariff policies, including the quality of services provided, transparency in the use of funds, and responsiveness to customer complaints. The implications of this research are the importance of considering customer needs and expectations in designing adequate tariff policies, as well as the importance of transparency and accountability in providing public services such as the provision of drinking water.    

This study investigates the role of strategic leadership in influencing organizational performance in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) across Asia. The research identifies leadership styles that contribute to enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of SMEs. A quantitative approach was employed to analyze data from SMEs in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand. The results suggest that transformational leadership, strategic decision-making, and a focus on employee development are key determinants of performance. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for leaders of SMEs in developing countries and offers policy recommendations to foster SME growth.

This study analyzes how exchange rate volatility influences export performance in developing countries. Using data from multiple industries, the research examines how fluctuations in currency values affect trade volume, pricing strategies, and international competitiveness. The findings provide insights into the challenges exporters face and offer policy recommendations to mitigate the adverse effects of currency instability on exports.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence tax avoidance in pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The independent variables analyzed in this study include profitability, sales growth, and leverage. This study uses secondary data in the form of annual financial reports of companies obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with samples selected through purposive sampling method. This study examines the effect of each independent variable on tax avoidance, which is measured using the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) proxy. The results of the study indicate that profitability has a significant effect on tax avoidance, where companies with higher levels of profitability tend to avoid taxes. Meanwhile, sales growth has a significant effect on tax avoidance. Leverage also shows a positive effect on tax avoidance, indicating that companies with high debt levels tend to use interest expenses to reduce their tax liabilities. This study provides implications for regulators and policy makers to strengthen supervision of tax avoidance practices, especially in companies that have certain characteristics such as high profitability sales growth and leverage.

This research aims to analyze the impact of task areas and position allowances on device performance in an organization. The research method uses a quantitative approach by collecting data through surveys and statistical analysis. The research sample involved a number of officers at various levels of positions in representative organizations. Task area variables are identified and classified, while position allowances are evaluated based on the type and amount received. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant relationship between the task area and position allowances and device performance. The implications of these findings can help organizations design more effective policies regarding the management of job duties and benefits to improve device performance.

This research explores the factors that play a role in determining the level of poverty in the Eastern region of Indonesia. Using qualitative and quantitative analysis approaches, this research tries to identify and analyze various social, economic, geographic and policy factors that contribute to poverty levels in the region. It is hoped that the findings from this research will provide deeper insight into the dynamics of poverty in Eastern Indonesia and assist in the formulation of more effective policies in efforts to reduce poverty.