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The rapid advancements in technology and marketing strategies within the maritime industry present both opportunities and ethical challenges. While innovation enhances operational efficiency and consumer engagement, the absence of structured ethical frameworks can lead to privacy violations, regulatory breaches, and deceptive marketing practices. This study examines the role of ethical considerations in technology and marketing management within maritime leadership, emphasizing the need for structured ethical decision-making frameworks to ensure consumer protection, regulatory compliance, and corporate sustainability. This research provides original value by assessing the extent to which ethical principles are integrated into maritime business strategies, addressing gaps in previous research that primarily focuses on profitability over ethical governance. The study explores the following research questions: How do ethical considerations shape decision-making in maritime technology and marketing management? What challenges hinder the implementation of structured ethical frameworks? Using qualitative research methods, semi-structured interviews with industry experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students were conducted, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Findings indicate that while ethical decision-making enhances corporate reputation and regulatory compliance, industry-wide implementation remains inconsistent due to weak regulatory enforcement and corporate reluctance. The study concludes that integrating ethical frameworks into maritime leadership training and business education is essential for fostering responsible corporate governance, enhancing consumer trust, and ensuring long-term sustainability.

The Indonesian film Kang Mak, directed by Herwin Novianto, effectively utilizes camera angle techniques to support the narrative and depict emotional dynamics as well as local culture. This article aims to analyze the application of various camera angle techniques, including close-up, low angle, high angle, and wide shot, in enhancing characterization, conflict, and cultural themes presented in the film. The close-up technique is used to highlight the characters' emotions, while low and high angles strategically depict dominance, power, and vulnerability of the main characters. Additionally, the use of wide shots allows the audience to appreciate the beauty of local culture and the social setting that shapes the story. This study demonstrates how cinematographic techniques, particularly camera angles, can enrich the film's narrative, deepen character development, and reinforce cultural messages. The analysis provides insights into the significance of cinematography in creating an authentic and emotional visual experience in contemporary Indonesian cinema.

Male infertility is a growing concern in reproductive health, affecting millions worldwide. Despite its significant impact on couples' ability to conceive, it remains underexplored compared to female infertility. This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of male infertility research, identifying trends, key contributors, and emerging areas of focus. By analyzing publication patterns, leading journals, influential authors, and collaborative networks, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of the current state and future directions of this research field. The insights gained are expected to guide future investigations, enhance collaborations, and inform policymakers and clinicians about this evolving area. A systematic literature search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science databases to retrieve relevant publications on male infertility. ScientoPy was used and bibliometric indicators, such as publication output, citation analysis, author collaboration networks, and keyword co-occurrence analysis, were used to explore the intellectual structure and research trends in this domain. Visualization tools, including VOSviewer, were employed to present the findings. The analysis included 2726 publications spanning from 2014 to 2024. The results reveal the most productive authors, influential journals, and highly cited publications in the field. Key research themes, emerging topics, and the evolution of the research landscape are discussed. Collaborations among authors, institutions, and countries are also examined to identify the intellectual structure and global research networks. This analysis provides valuable insights into the current state of research on male infertility The findings highlight the critical areas of focus, influential studies, and collaborative patterns that have shaped the field. Implications for future research directions, evidence-based practice, and potential areas for interdisciplinary collaboration are discussed.

This study aims to explore the role of Muhammadiyah leadership in building student character at MTs 2 Muhammadiyah. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach, with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that Muhammadiyah leadership has a significant positive impact on the formation of student character, including in moral, ethical, and social aspects. Leaders in the MTs 2 Muhammadiyah environment apply religious and social values upheld by Muhammadiyah, which encourage students to behave well and responsibly. The conclusion of this study confirms that leadership based on Muhammadiyah values not only improves academic achievement, but also shapes students' character into better individuals, who are ready to face challenges in the future.

The development of responsible knowledge requires a strong moral foundation, one of which is through the application of akhlakul karimah (noble character). Good, noble, and commendable ethics play a crucial role in creating knowledge that is not only practically beneficial but also has a positive impact on humanity and the environment. The main issue addressed in this study is how akhlakul karimah can shape the behavior of scientists in developing ethical knowledge and how it contributes to the construction of responsible science. This research employs a library research approach. The findings indicate that akhlakul karimah is essential in guiding scientists to uphold integrity, honesty, and social responsibility in research and the application of knowledge. Scientists with noble character do not only prioritize technological advancements but also consider the balance between material progress and the moral and spiritual quality of human life. Thus, akhlakul karimah plays a vital role in ensuring that scientific development remains responsible and contributes positively to humanity and environmental sustainability.

This study explores the intersection of sacred water rituals and ecological awareness, examining how religious practices related to water shape environmental virtues and promote water conservation efforts. Various religious traditions, including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and indigenous practices, treat water as a sacred resource, emphasizing its purity, sanctity, and the responsibility of humans to protect it. These rituals, such as Islamic ablution (wudhu), Christian baptism, and Hindu purification rites, not only serve spiritual purposes but also embody environmental ethics that encourage restraint, humility, and stewardship in the use of water. The study employs a comparative qualitative approach, integrating textual exegesis, ethnographic observations, and interviews with religious practitioners to analyze how different faith traditions frame water as sacred and how these frameworks translate into practical behaviors regarding water conservation. The findings reveal that religious water rituals contribute to an ecological self, fostering a deep respect for nature and a commitment to sustainable water use. However, challenges exist in reconciling traditional practices with modern water scarcity issues, especially in regions where water conservation is a critical concern. Despite these challenges, religious communities have the potential to leverage their ritual heritage to foster global awareness and action toward water conservation. Future research should explore interfaith collaborations in water conservation and investigate the impact of ritual practices on real-world water conservation behaviors. This study highlights the potential of sacred water rituals as powerful tools for promoting environmental stewardship and addressing global water challenges.

This study analyzes President Prabowo's speech acts in an interview with six journalists and editors-in-chief on the program "Presiden Prabowo Answers" on Najwa Shihab's YouTube channel. Using a pragmatic approach and qualitative descriptive methods, this study identifies three types of speech acts: locution, illocution, and perlocution. The results show that Prabowo not only conveys information, but also inserts certain intentions and shapes public perception through a strategic speech style. This finding confirms that language in political communication plays an important role in building an image and influencing the audience.

Public open space can provide a special identity for a city. Generally, the shape of public open spaces must be able to accommodate a variety of user activities and have characteristics that attract people to come. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between motivation and atmosphere characteristics in public open spaces in Palembang City. This research uses quantitative methods that are explanatory. The data collected by using the semantic-differential (SD-method) with the sample selection using snowball-non-random-sampling. The results of the latent variable analysis and Multivariate Correlation Analysis are in the form of a relationship between motivation and the atmosphere in public open spaces in Palembang City. The results of this study indicate that the motivation of the people who come to open public spaces has reasons, that are refreshment, achievement and interaction. This motivation is supported by the influence of the atmosphere in public open space which is assessed from two aspects, such as orderliness and natural environment.

Pancasila educatian courses have an important role in shaping the character of students at STKIP Citra Bakti Ngada. This research aims to find out how Pancasila education courses can shape student characters who have integrity, etchis and responsibility towards the Indonesian people and nation. The reseach method used is literature study ( library reseach). In this method, research is carried out by collectingand analyzing data from various literary sources, such as books, scientific journals, articles related to Pancasila education. The results of this reseach show that Pancasila education courses can shape student character through undestanding and practicing Pancasila values. Implementation of Pancasila education courss can be done through contextual approaches, discussions and interactive dialogue, leadership and collaboration practices, preparation of social projects, and assignment of reflections and essays. The results of this research can be used as a reference for improving the effectivenesess of teaching Pancasila education in universities.

Human identity is a complex and dynamic concept, formed through interactions within society and influenced by various factors, with culture as the main element in its formation. Culture includes outward elements such as language, clothing, and food, as well as values, norms, and belief systems that shape an individual's outlook on life and behavior. The process of cultural socialization that begins at birth through family, education and mass media plays an important role in shaping one's identity, both individually and collectively. This research aims to explore the role of culture in the formation of human identity, focusing on the influence of local and global cultures and cultural elements such as language, religion, and cultural symbols. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study, which collects data from written sources, including journal articles and books, to examine the relationship between culture and identity. The results show that culture has a fundamental role in shaping human identity, with cultural socialization as the main process in internalizing values and norms that shape behavior and outlook on life. In addition, globalization affects the dynamics of identity, creating the phenomenon of hybrid identities that reflect the fusion of local and global cultures.

This article examines the history and development of the Islamization of education in Indonesia. This study aims to analyse Islamisation of education through Islamic education by looking at historical data that shape the patterns and characteristics of Islamic education in Indonesia, as well as identifying critical points that influence the direction of its development. The research uses the theory of historical institutionalism. Through a literature study with a qualitative approach, the research reveals that the development of Islamic education in Indonesia followed a strong path dependence pattern, where decisions in the colonial and early independence periods shaped a relatively stable institutional path. The findings show that the process of educational Islamization underwent institutional layering, where new elements were added without completely erasing the old structure. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of the dynamics of institutional change in the context of Islamic education in Indonesia.

Education plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's personality and character, including through character education that instills moral and ethical values. Character education in Kindergarten (TK) is very important in forming the foundational personality of children, such as responsibility, discipline, and respect for others. Teachers play a key role in instilling civic disposition (citizenship attitude) by integrating Pancasila values into the learning process. This study aims to describe the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) teachers in instilling civic disposition at TK Peupado Malanuza. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation and interviews. The results show that teachers implement civic disposition through activities such as making a Garuda eagle collage, singing the national anthem, and recognizing national symbols, which aim to instill Pancasila values. Teachers also emphasize discipline through activities such as tidying up toys and working together in group tasks. This study demonstrates that the implementation of civic disposition has successfully shaped the children’s character, instilling discipline, responsibility, and love for the country. For sustainability, teachers need to conduct evaluations and involve parents in supporting the values taught.

Pox disease is an infectious disease that attacks the immune system. This disease is often considered mild because it is usually harmless and does not cause death. With the lack of counseling and treatment of this disease, lacks an understanding of pox disease, the types and the treatment . Some of the types of pox disease are Monkeypox, Chickenpox, and Cowpox. Cowpox can cause complications such as keratitis and corneal melting due to persistent erosion. To avoid complications of pox disease arising, CNN algorithm is considered capable of classifying the type of pox disease. Therefore, this study was conducted using 2 CNN methods used, namely: ResNet50 and VGG16. Because the distinguishing features of pox disease classification involve a mixture of color, shape and texture, CNN algorithm approaches including ResNet50 and VGG16 were tried. The ResNet50 model showed quite good results with an average accuracy of 76% but VGG16 had better accuracy with a value of 93%. The ResNet50 model showed good results with an average accuracy of 76% but VGG16 had better accuracy with a value of 93%. Using further evaluation, VGG16 has superior values with good precision, recall, and F1-score  for each class. This proves that VGG16 is a superior model for classifying pox disease types. The ResNet50 model is good at identifying three classes, namely, Chickenpox, Cowpox, and Healthy compared to the Monkeypox class because that class has 25% recall value and 40% F1-score  value. Similarly, the VGG16 model where the monkeypox class still has a recall value of 76%. This shows the potential of using artificial intelligence technology to classify smallpox disease.  

This qualitative literature review examines the influence of index fund ownership on share recall behavior and proxy voting outcomes. Index funds, as passive investors with substantial ownership stakes, have significant power in corporate governance, especially through their voting decisions. Although typically less involved in shareholder activism, their voting behavior can shape corporate outcomes, providing stability in governance. However, the review also highlights concerns about the lack of active scrutiny over management decisions, potentially leading to suboptimal outcomes in companies with weak governance structures. The review compares findings from various studies, emphasizing the evolving role of index funds in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder value. It also discusses the limitations of existing literature and calls for future research to explore the behavior of different types of index funds, as well as the potential influence of ESG factors on corporate decision-making.

Plastic waste is widely found in the environment. Degraded plastic waste eventually forms microplastics. Microplastic pollution has been widely found in various elements in the environment, such as in water, in the air, in organisms, and in salt. The study of microplastics in salt in Indonesia is still very limited, so a literature review was carried out on research carried out in the time period from 2020 to 2024. The parameters observed included abundance, shape, size, color and type of microplastics. The abundance obtained was between 46 particles/kg to 29 particles/g or assumed to be equivalent to 29,000 particles/kg in coarse salt. The abundance of microplastics in commercial salt was between 40 particles/kg to 306.67 particles/kg. The forms of microplastics found included fibers, films, fragments, filaments, and pellets. The microplastics found were black, transparent, red, blue, green, purple, brown, and white. Meanwhile, the size of the microplastics found was between 0.017 mm to 4.936 mm. Microplastic types were only found in one article, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyester, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG).

The Field Experience Practice Program (PPL) at SMK PGRI 13 Surabaya is designed to equip students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Dr. Soetomo University with direct experience in the world of education. This activity provides students with the opportunity to apply the theories learned in lectures to real-life situations, enhance their teaching skills, and understand the challenges in the world of education. For 1.5 months, students engaged in various activities such as classroom management, collaboration with supervising teachers, and group reflections. This program not only supports the development of professional skills but also shapes the attitudes and work ethics necessary for educators.

The formation of student character through education is an essential process to elevate human dignity. This study aims to determine whether extracurricular activities can be an effective means to shape student character, prepare them to face various challenges in life, and become positive contributors in society. The findings in the form of Character and Personality Development Extracurricular activities can also help in the development of student character and personality. They learn about responsibility, integrity, perseverance, and respect for others. These are values ​​that will help them become better and more successful individuals, namely OSIS, Choir, Traditional dance, Sports clubs, Social activities, The role of extracurricular activities in students' skills and character based on the results of interviews and observations shows that extracurricular activities contribute significantly to student skills: Communication, Cooperation, Leadership, Student character: Discipline, Responsibility Character and Personality Development Extracurricular activities can also help in the development of student character and personality. They learn about responsibility, integrity, perseverance, respect for others. These are values ​​that will help them become better and more successful individuals in the future, and finally Character and Personality Development Extracurricular activities can also help in the development of student character and personality. They learn about responsibility, integrity, perseverance, and respect.

This paper examines the influence of Qatar’s Islamic identity on its policies during the 2022 FIFA World Cup, with a focus on LGBTQ rights. Using a constructivist approach, the study explores how Qatar’s adherence to Islamic principles, particularly Sharia law, shaped its regulations and responses to international pressures. Qatar's prohibition of LGBTQ symbols, despite assurances of safety for all attendees, including the LGBTQ community, drew significant criticism from Western nations and human rights organizations. The study highlights the tension between Qatar’s cultural and religious values and global expectations surrounding inclusivity and human rights. It also explores the broader implications of Qatar’s policies, reflecting its challenge of balancing traditional Islamic values while hosting a global event. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the complexities of cultural diplomacy and the difficulties nations like Qatar face in navigating conflicting global and local norms.

Plastic products are materials that we commonly encounter in everyday life, the use of goods made from plastic raw materials is increasing. Starting from products with simple shapes such as food and beverage packaging, household appliances, kitchen utensils, cosmetic containers, to automotive component products. The plastic injection molding process requires a variety of precise setting parameters, some of which concern heating temperature, amount of material used, cooling system, mold holding time, injection speed, and other parameters. These parameters are things that affect product quality and defects. Another reason for product defects is that the process parameter settings have not been standardized and the trial and error method is still used, so the results are not optimal. One of the defects that occurs in the oval tube cap product is a loose top cap defect (cannot close). This study aims to determine the effect of injection temperature and cooling time on loose top cap defects in oval tube cap products. This study uses quantitative research by conducting repeated experiments to collect data, this method is carried out by varying the injection temperature parameters, namely 210 ° C, 220 ° C, and 230 ° C with a cooling time of 8 seconds, 10 seconds, and 12 seconds. The results obtained from this study are that if the injection temperature used is lower, the level of defects that occur will be higher, while if the selection of a higher cooling time, the level of defects that occur will be lower. From this research, the correct parameters can be obtained at an injection temperature of 220 °C and a cooling time of 12 seconds.

Self-identity formation is essential to individual development and is influenced by social environments and life experiences. This study draws on Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development to understand how the interaction between the environment and individual experiences shapes identity formation in response to expectations and efforts. Social environments, such as family, friends, and community, provide a framework of values and norms that shape an individual’s initial identity, while personal experiences in managing expectations and efforts either reinforce or challenge this framework. The study concludes that balancing environmental support and experiential challenges enables individuals to develop a strong and flexible identity. The implications of this research highlight the importance of creating environments that support self-reflection and learning from experiences to foster healthy identity development.