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Background: A balanced diet is essential for maintaining health and nutritional status, commonly assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI). Dietary habits are influenced not only by physiological needs but also by psychological factors such as Body Image perception. Unrealistic perceptions of one’s body can lead to unhealthy eating behaviors and negatively impact nutritional status. Patisserie students, who are frequently exposed to high-calorie foods, may be particularly vulnerable to such challenges. Objective:  This study aims to examine the influence of Body Image perception on dietary patterns and BMI among patisserie students at the Medan Tourism Polytechnic. Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach to 60 students of Medan Tourism Polytechnic. Body Image and eating pattern data were collected using a questionnaire, while BMI was obtained by measuring the weight and height of the subjects. Result: The data obtained were analyzed using the Chi-square Test. Based on the results of the analysis, a relationship was found between Body Image and eating patterns with a value of p = 0.006 (P < 0.05). However, there was no relationship between Body Image and BMI with a value of p = 0.391 (P> 0.05). Consclusion: There is a relationship between Body Image and eating patterns but there is no relationship between Body Image and BMI.

This study aims to reveal and describe the dramatic structure of the Retna Paniti play as performed by Mariyanto, a puppeteer from Ngawonggo, Klaten. The research was conducted because the performance presents a distinctive dramatic form that differs from the conventional structure of the Surakarta-style pakeliran. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, focusing on the analysis of scene sequences and the interrelation among dramatic elements. Data were collected through literature review, observation of the 2018 performance recording, and in-depth interviews with informants familiar with Mariyanto’s puppetry style. The findings indicate that the dramatic structure of Retna Paniti in Mariyanto’s version follows a pattern close to Freytag’s Pyramid theory, yet adapted to the folk puppetry tradition of the Ngawonggo substyle. The performance opens with the battle scene between Gatotkaca and Baladewa, creating immediate tension, which contrasts with the Surakarta-style convention that typically begins with the jejer scene. The dramatic flow progresses from exposition to falling action and culminates in the achievement of harmony. The central theme emphasizes ethical values concerning harmony, loyalty, and self-control in social life, maintaining its relevance in contemporary society.

Digital transformation has brought about major changes in leadership patterns, especially in the public sector. In this context, digital leadership is key for leaders to drive innovation and adaptation to technological developments. However, the success of digital leadership is also inseparable from democratic leadership values that emphasize participation, openness, and collaboration. The synergy between these two values is an important foundation for building an effective and humanistic leadership style in the digital age. This study aims to analyze the role of Dedi Mulyadi's digital leadership in developing digital talent through the 2025 Jabar Istimewa Digital Academy (JIDA) program in West Java. The approach used is qualitative with a literature study method, sourced from 14 scientific journals and three official news reports. The results of the study show that Dedi Mulyadi applies a visionary, adaptive, and collaborative digital leadership style. Democratic values are also evident through a participatory approach that involves the community, educational institutions, and the industrial sector in the implementation of the JIDA 2025 program. This program has proven to strengthen digital literacy, expand access to technology training, and improve the readiness of West Java's human resources in facing the challenges of the digital economy. Thus, digital leadership combined with democratic principles plays an important role in realizing inclusive, competitive, and sustainable human resource development in the era of digital transformation.

Parenting patterns play an important role in children's self-confidence. Parents are the main figures who raise and educate their children, because children who have self-confidence will dare to try new things and are not afraid of failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns and the self-confidence of early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar. This type of research is quantitative research with a descriptive analytical design using the Cross Sectional Study method. Data collection used the PSDQ questionnaire. which was carried out on February 22, 2025 for 1 day. The population used in this study were all early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar, totaling 30 people with a sampling technique using the total sampling technique. Data analysis using the Fisher Exact Test showed that there was a significant relationship between parenting patterns and the self-confidence of early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten with a P value = 0.033 <0.05. The results can be concluded that parenting patterns have a significant relationship with the self-confidence of early childhood children at Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar 2025. promising parents to apply positive and responsive parenting patterns, loving, consistent and open parenting patterns will increase self-confidence in children because children feel accepted and appreciated.

The development of digital technology has made social media an integral part of children's lives, including students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). This study aims to explore the impact of social media on the language patterns of class 5C students at MI Hasyim Asy'ari. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and participant observations of 14 students who regularly access social media. The findings show that platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube are the main sources of new vocabulary acquisition, such as the terms "kepo", "narsis", and "anjir". These words reflect changes in students' language styles that are increasingly informal and often deviate from standard Indonesian language rules. Although social media can contribute to enriching vocabulary and increasing children's interest in communicating, negative impacts such as the dominance of slang, misuse of meaning, and reduced concern for the correct use of Indonesian are also very real. Therefore, the role of educators and parents in supervising and directing the use of social media is very important. The language learning curriculum in schools needs to be adjusted to the development of the digital era without abandoning appropriate linguistic values. With the right strategy, social media can be used as a useful language learning tool without reducing the essence of Indonesian as a national identity.

The Baayun Counseling Socialization Program at the Health Center is designed to improve the understanding and skills of health workers in implementing a more humane and local culture-based counseling approach. Baayun counseling is a therapeutic communication method that integrates cultural values in the interaction between health workers and patients, so that services become more personalized, empathetic, and meaningful. This program is carried out through several stages, namely needs analysis, socialization, and effectiveness evaluation. The main target is health workers in primary services who interact directly with patients. The expected results of this program include improving the competence of health workers in understanding and implementing Baayun Counseling, as well as increasing patient satisfaction and compliance with health services. Program evaluations show that this approach is able to create positive changes in communication patterns, strengthen the relationship between health workers and patients, and improve the overall quality of counseling services. By adopting Baayun Counseling, Puskesmas can strengthen the cultural dimension in health services, making them more relevant and responsive to the needs of local communities. The program also has the potential to be replicated in other culturally rich regions as part of a community-based health service quality improvement strategy.

This study investigates the algebraic reasoning processes of university students when expanding mathematical expressions in the context of nonroutine problem-solving. The research adopts a qualitative approach to explore how students interpret algebraic structures, apply symbolic transformations, and construct logical explanations while working through unfamiliar tasks. Data were collected through written tests, task-based interviews, and detailed analysis of students’ solution strategies. The findings reveal significant variation in students’ ability to generalize patterns, recognize structural relationships, and justify algebraic procedures. Students with strong conceptual understanding demonstrated flexible reasoning, coherent explanations, and appropriate use of algebraic properties. In contrast, students who relied heavily on procedural rules often struggled with symbolic manipulation, produced fragmented reasoning, and exhibited misconceptions related to variables and distributive operations. These results highlight the importance of fostering conceptual understanding, metacognitive awareness, and reasoning-oriented instruction in university mathematics. The study provides insights for educators seeking to design learning environments that promote deeper algebraic thinking and enhance students’ ability to solve complex, nonroutine problems.

This community service (PKM) aims to improve the English language competency of students of SMK Negeri 3 Palangka Raya specifically English For Specific Purpose (ESP). The increasingly global needs of the fashion and textile industry, both for export and import and interaction with foreign clients, require graduates to have English communication skills that are not only general, but also specific according to the terminology of design, production, and marketing of fashion products. The methods used are interactive training, and Role-Play simulations, and direct practical assistance with a focus on design presentations, negotiations with clients or suppliers, and technical terminology for sewing patterns in English. The results of the PKM show an average increase in specific vocabulary mastery of 25% as well as a significant increase in student self-confidence in using English for work scenarios, as well as a better understanding of professional terms in the field of Fashion Design. This activity is recommended to be continued as a regular school program to bridge the gap between the general English curriculum and the demands of actual work competencies in the fashion industry

Work activities in workshops often require static and repetitive body positions, such as bending over, lifting heavy loads, or reaching into narrow areas of vehicles. These habits can gradually cause muscle tension and lead to neck and lower back pain. Given the high risk, physiotherapy counseling on occupational safety and health (OSH) and ergonomics was conducted to provide practical understanding to B-Garage, Batu City workshop workers. The counseling was delivered interactively through material presentations, direct discussions, and demonstrations of stretching exercises that can be easily applied in daily activities. The results of the activity showed a very significant increase in knowledge; participants who initially did not understand the principles of ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain prevention were able to identify work risks and practice stretching exercises correctly after the education session. This change was clearly evident from the post-test results, which showed a significant overall improvement compared to the pre-test. These findings indicate that physical therapy education not only enhances knowledge but also promotes behavioral changes toward safer, more comfortable, and more productive work patterns.

The development of digital technology has changed consumer interaction and behavior patterns, including in purchasing decisions. Social media, especially TikTok, has become a strategic platform in marketing due to its interactive and visual content-based nature. Wardah, as a local cosmetics brand, utilizes TikTok through content marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) strategies to strengthen brand awareness and encourage purchasing interest. This study aims to analyze the influence of content marketing and E-WOM on TikTok social media on the decision to purchase Wardah products. The research method used is quantitative with an associative approach. The research sample consisted of 97 respondents determined through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and the coefficient of determination R2. The results showed that content marketing had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (t-count = 2.188; sig. 0.031). E-WOM also has a positive and significant effect (t-count = 15.020; sig. 0.001), with a more dominant effect than content marketing. Simultaneously, both social media have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (F-count = 119.690; sig. 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.718 indicates that 71.8% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by both social factors, while 28.2% is influenced by other social factors outside the scope of this study. These findings confirm the importance of digital marketing strategies based on creative content and consumer reviews in increasing purchasing decisions for Wardah products on TikTok.

The transformation of digital technology has changed people's transaction patterns, especially through e-commerce platforms  such as Shopee which has experienced a significant increase in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the application of exoneration clauses in Shopee's terms and conditions and its conformity with consumer protection laws in Indonesia. The research method used is normative law with a statutory and conceptual approach, using primary legal sources in the form of the Consumer Protection Law, Civil Code, and the Electronic Information and Transaction Law, as well as secondary legal materials from journals and academic literature. The results of the study show that the standard clause that limits liability is not absolutely valid because it has the potential to eliminate the rights of consumers who are protected by law, so that it can be considered null and void according to Article 18 paragraph (3) of the Consumer Protection Law. Shopee's liability is proportional, depending on proof of negligence in identity verification, complaint handling, and system security. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct a fairer accountability mechanism through improving dispute resolution mechanisms, stricter government supervision, and strengthening consumer protection in electronic transactions. This research confirms the importance of balancing the business interests of the platform and the protection of consumer rights.

This study investigates the influence of TikTok usage on the changes in interpersonal communication styles among university students in Indonesia. The rapid development of digital communication platforms, especially TikTok, has reshaped the way young people interact, express themselves, identify changes in their interpersonal communication styles, and analyze the effect of TikTok usage on those changes. Using a quantitative survey method with 100 active university students as respondents, data were collected through an online questionnaire. The results indicate that students’ TikTok usage is categorized as high, particularly in terms of frequency, duration, and engagement intensity. Findings also show a significant shift in communication styles, especially in language choice, expressive patterns, and interaction modes. Simple linear regression analysis confirms that TikTok usage has a strong and significant influence on changes in interpersonal communication styles (p < 0,001; R² = 0,944). These results demonstrate that TikTok not only serves as an entertainment platform but also plays a substantial role in shaping students’ communication behavior. The study highlights important implications for understanding digital communication trends among young adults in Indonesia.   

This study aims to analyze the difference in the volume of motorcycle traffic in the morning and evening on Jalan Dahlia which leads from the Square. The data was collected through direct observation methods during a specific period during morning and evening rush hours, then analyzed to determine vehicle flow patterns, traffic density levels, and significant differences between the two time periods. In addition, this study also considers supporting factors such as community activities, working hours, and daily travel patterns of road users that affect traffic intensity. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in vehicle volume, where the volume of motorcycles in the morning tended to be higher than in the afternoon due to the dominance of trips to work and school. On the other hand, in the afternoon the traffic volume is relatively more spread due to variations in the return time of road users. These findings are expected to be a reference for related parties, especially local governments and transportation agencies, in traffic management planning, transportation operational timing, and efforts to improve the safety and comfort of road users in the area.

This study aims to analyze the strengthening of students' civic resilience through Civic Education (PKn) after the COVID-19 pandemic using qualitative methods based on literature review. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed students' social interaction patterns and learning methods, which have an impact on their social engagement and resilience as citizens. This study collects and evaluates literature related to the challenges of Civic Education learning and strategies for strengthening civic resilience in the post-pandemic context. The results show that participatory learning approaches, digital literacy, strengthening social values, and community service activities are key elements in strengthening students' cognitive and social resilience. Learning that integrates digital technology provides opportunities for students to participate more actively in social and political discussions. On the other hand, community service activities based on civic values ​​help students develop a stronger sense of social responsibility. The implications of this research encourage the development of a Civic Education curriculum that is adaptive to current social and technological dynamics so that students become resilient and active citizens. This study also recommends that Civic Education be continuously updated with a more interactive and relevant approach to current needs, to enhance students' ability to participate constructively in the global community.

This study examines the strategic role of job satisfaction in shaping organizational commitment in the context of companies by synthesizing empirical evidence published between 2016 and 2025. Although it has been extensively researched, findings related to the consistency and determinants of the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment are still scattered and have not been integrated, thus requiring comprehensive mapping. Therefore, this study aims to identify empirical patterns, conceptual issues, and theoretical foundations that explain how job satisfaction contributes to the formation of organizational commitment. Using the PRISMA based Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, 35 articles were selected through the stages of identification, screening, quality assessment, and thematic synthesis. The review results show that job satisfaction is consistently a major predictor of organizational commitment in various corporate sectors. These findings are consistent with theories such as Social Exchange Theory, Equity Theory, Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, and Job Demands Resources Model, which explain the cognitive and affective mechanisms of commitment formation. In addition, variables such as work environment, job involvement, work life balance, internal CSR, and HR practices were identified as mediators or moderators that strengthen this relationship. This study concludes that increasing job satisfaction is an important strategy for strengthening commitment, reducing turnover intentions, and improving organizational performance. This review contributes to an integrative understanding of empirical developments and theoretical perspectives, and provides recommendations for future research to expand the data base and consider cross-cultural dynamics in organizations.

Digital transformation has revolutionized Islamic da'wah and counseling services, providing opportunities to reach a wider audience, especially millennials and Gen Z. This study aims to examine digital content innovation and creation that can improve the effectiveness of da'wah and counseling. The method used is a literature review with content-based data analysis, which identifies themes, patterns, and meanings from journals, books, and related digital documents. The results show that digital audiences tend to prefer content that is concise, visual, and easily accessible. Therefore, an effective content development model must encompass research, scripting, production, evaluation, and the selection of an appropriate distribution platform. In digital counseling services, aspects of ethics, privacy, and data security are crucial to maintain user trust. Furthermore, the integration of da'wah messages with counseling in a single platform is considered effective in simultaneously meeting the spiritual and psychological needs of the community. Challenges faced include information overload, misinformation, low digital literacy, and the risk of data breaches. In conclusion, the success of digital da'wah and counseling depends on understanding the audience and implementing a creative and ethical model, to provide a sustainable positive impact.

This study aims to analyze the differences in thermal conditions between coastal and riverside settlements, focusing on variations in temperature, humidity, and wind speed during day and night. The research sites include the coastal area of Dusun Karama Tengah (seaside) and Desa Salotengnga (riverside). Measurements indicate that the coastal area experiences more extreme daytime temperature fluctuations, reaching nearly 39 °C, with nighttime temperatures remaining warm and showing noticeable variation among points. In contrast, the riverside area displays more stable temperature patterns, with nighttime temperatures ranging between 28–30 °C. Relative humidity along the coast increases consistently at night, whereas in the riverside area it is heterogeneous, varying from saturated to very dry conditions. Wind speed serves as a key differentiating factor: the coastal area is still influenced by land–sea breezes, while the riverside environment tends to be stagnant with weak natural ventilation. These findings highlight distinct thermal comfort challenges in both settings—coastal areas are prone to daytime heat stress, whereas riverside areas face nighttime discomfort due to humidity and air stagnation. The results provide a foundation for adaptive architectural and spatial design strategies responsive to local microclimatic contexts.  

This study aims to analyze the strategies used by business actors in facing local market competition through Porter's Five Forces Model approach, which includes: the threat of new entrants, the threat of substitute products, the bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of consumers, and the intensity of competition between competitors. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews with three categories of informants, namely business owners, employees, and consumers. Data analysis was conducted by identifying patterns, differences, and linkages between the strategies applied and aspects of Porter's Five Forces Model. The results showed that the main strendgth in local competition lies in the high intensity of competitors and the increasing number of alternative products offered. The integration strategy between online and offline marketing is proven to help dealers reach consumers more widely and build customer loyalty. The use of social media, digital promotions, and direct-to-consumer services such as exhibitions and local community partnerships are key to adaptation in the digital era. By understanding Porter's five aspects in depth, businesses can formulate strategies that are more adaptive, innovative, and highly competitive in the local market.

The development of digital technology has changed global business patterns, including in Indonesia, through the growth of e-commerce, social media, and online platforms. This change opens up great opportunities for students as the educated young generation to develop online businesses. This research aims to explore students' online business readiness from a digital mindset perspective through a phenomenological study approach among students in Malang. The research focuses on online business readiness, digital mindset, attitudes towards technology, and the contribution of entrepreneurship learning, which are analyzed using the Theory of Planned Behavior framework(Ajzen, 1991) and Entrepreneurial Mindset Theory. The research used qualitative methods with in-depth interviews with online business students. The results show that students have a basic understanding of digital business, especially in utilizing social media and marketplaces. A positive attitude towards technology has been formed, indicated by perceived benefits and ease of use. However, a gap emerges between technical skills and long-term strategic planning capabilities. Innovation and problem-solving tend to be reactive, simply following trends, while psychological resistance such as fear of fraud and data security remain barriers. This research confirms that online business readiness is not only determined by technical skills, but also by the strengthening of an adaptive, innovative digital mindset. This research confirms that online business readiness is not only determined by technical skills, but also by strengthening an adaptive, innovative, and resilient digital mindset.The novelty of this research is the integration of TPB and Entrepreneurial Mindset Theory to understand students' readiness to face digital business challenges.

Mobile navigation interfaces continue to be plagued by a key usability problem, particularly when widely accepted design traditions fail to address the specific requirements and mental models of local user populations. This research addresses this significant limitation by using a comprehensive user-focused measurement framework to identify and investigate context-dependent navigation problems in mobile applications. The research employed a multi-method qualitative approach, using in-depth questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and laboratory-based usability testing of 15 participants on an interactive Figma prototype that simulated real-world navigation tasks. Our analysis, step by step, revealed significant navigation issues in the local context, as evidenced by a 73% task-completion rate and an average participant error of 2.8 across the core navigation tasks. The most significant usability issues were ambiguous iconography, inconsistent application of platform design patterns, and insufficient system feedback mechanisms. The results conclusively demonstrate that localized usability testing is not merely beneficial but necessary while creating genuinely good and accessible mobile experiences. The study provides a replicable, practical context-aware evaluation approach and tangible, right-now-applicable design recommendations, such as enhancing icons with descriptive text labels and using instant visual feedback mechanisms. The study provides developers and designers with tangible takeaways for significantly enhancing navigation user experience without sacrificing methodological availability or implementation convenience across different development environments.