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Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is a significant social problem in Indonesia, where women and children are often victims. This study aims to analyze economic factors that increase vulnerability to GBV and evaluate the effectiveness of existing legal protection. The research method used is empirical legal with a qualitative approach, involving interviews, focus group discussions, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that poor economic conditions, patriarchal norms, and limited access to education and legal services contribute to high levels of vulnerability. Although there are laws that protect victims, such as Law No. 23 of 2004, its effectiveness is still in doubt due to the lack of socialization and understanding of the law in the community and law enforcement officers. Many victims do not report because of social stigma and lack of information about their rights. The researcher suggests that there are concrete steps in increasing legal socialization, providing integrated services for victims, and policy reform so that legal protection can be more effective and responsive to the needs of GBV victims, as well as to reduce the rate of violence.

Liberalism and Islamare two ways in different directions. Although both are often juxtaposed in every discussion of scholars, it is very difficult to put together. Islamis a religion that is assumed to the word of God through"the"book"of"the"Quran"and the hadith"of"the"Apostle, where each of its adherents has boundaries in carrying out life to survive in the world and the hereafter, while liberalism comes as an ideology that emphasizes the rights and freedom of every individual in all aspects of life including religion. This journal aims to present knowledge about"the"impact"of the ideology of liberalism"on"the"thought"of"the"Islamic Ummah. This study involved related literature analysis of academic sources, including theoretical works and thoughts of scholars andIslamicthinkers."The"conclusion"that"can"be"drawn"from"this"study"isthat"the"understanding"of"liberalism is still widely adopted by the Islamic Ummah even though the ideology of liberalism is very"contrary"to"the"teachings"of"Islam", this"is"due"to"the"weak religious education in every individual of the Islamic Ummah itself which then considers that Islamic rules curb human freedom.  

Law enforcement against theft cases not only reviews the position of the perpetrator but also the victim, because the victim has the right to receive protection both materially and immaterially; it is important for law enforcement officers to help victims obtain legal certainty and justice. The purpose of the author's research is to determine the obstacles experienced by victims of motorcycle theft in an effort to obtain their rights as victims and effective strategic efforts to ensure that the rights of victims of motorcycle theft can be fulfilled. Research iThis uses qualitative methods and empirical normative juridical methods. The author conducted interviews as primary data in this article, followed by secondary data in the form of literature from the law (primary source material), books (secondary source material), and scientific journals (tertiary source material). The data obtained shows that there are still quite a lot of obstacles experienced by victims in seeking their rights as victims of motorcycle theft. Victims experience bureaucratic difficulties where the process is complicated; victims also find unprofessional service from law enforcement officers; and victims do not get further information regarding the investigation or get SP2HP. However, there are also effective strategic steps to fulfill the rights of victims of motorcycle theft, namely by increasing access to the legal process through online complaint services and increasing professionalism and responsiveness from law enforcement officers through routine training on handling victims. It can also be done regarding the recovery of victim losses by providing compensation mechanisms and strengthening supervision and prevention by collaborating between the community and the police in the form of environmental security. This shows that there is still a lack of concern from law enforcement officers themselves for victims of motorcycle theft and there is still much that needs to be developed further by the government to improve the welfare of victims of motorcycle theft and government efforts to protect the community from criminal acts of theft.

Human Rights This paper discusses the study of Islamic legal politics and the substance of changes in waqf regulation in Indonesia, particularly in Government Regulation (PP) Number 25 of 2018, which amends Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006. This study seeks to analyze how the approach of Islamic legal politics is applied in responding to the evolving needs of waqf management, in line with the times and the demands of national development, while still aligning with the fundamental principles of Islamic law (sharia). The amendment in Government Regulation No. 25 of 2018 specifically clarifies the mechanism of waqf asset exchange (ruislag) by prioritizing the principles of public benefit (maslahah), accountability, and protection of the waqif’s intent. A normative-juridical approach is employed to analyze this regulation within the framework of maqashid al-sharia and the context of national legal policy. The results of this study indicate that the changes in Government Regulation No. 25 of 2018 have a significant impact on the governance of waqf, making it more transparent and accountable. This impact is the result of the presence of Islamic legal politics in integrating sharia principles with the practical needs of waqf governance. It also encourages waqf policymakers in Indonesia to optimize the potential of waqf in building a just society through sharia-based financial institutions that serve the broader Muslim community.

This article discusses the important role of guidance and counseling in supporting the development of students through ethical and professional psychological assessments. Guidance and counseling aim to help individuals develop their potential, overcome problems, and improve their quality of life. Psychological assessment becomes a crucial component in this process, requiring attention to ethical aspects, confidentiality, and the competence of the counselor. The use of psychological tests must adhere to the ethical codes established by professional associations, such as ABKIN and HIMPSI, to ensure that counselors possess adequate skills in using assessment instruments. This article also identifies challenges in maintaining objectivity in assessments, such as subjective bias and environmental pressure, and offers effective solutions, including professional training and team collaboration. By applying ethical principles and competencies, guidance and counseling can provide quality services, protect the rights and welfare of students, and contribute to the development of individuals and society as a whole.

Domestic homicide cases, especially those resulting from Domestic Violence (DV), are a phenomenon that has a wide impact, both on the surrounding environment and on the fulfillment of victims' rights. This study aims to analyze how the community responds to domestic violence murder cases and to identify victims' rights that are not fulfilled based on applicable legal regulations. Using empirical legal research methods, this study collected data through interviews with the Head of RT Jokolukito and reviewed relevant regulations. The results of the study indicate that the surrounding environment tends to be less concerned about domestic violence cases until they reach a fatal stage, which can be explained through Strain Theory and Cycle of Violence. In addition, it was found that victims did not receive optimal legal protection before the incident, and their rights after the incident were not fulfilled in accordance with the Domestic Violence Law and the Witness and Victim Protection Law. Therefore, this study recommends increasing public awareness, facilitating access to legal assistance for victims, and implementing a more effective restitution mechanism to ensure justice for victims and their families.

A separatist creditor are those holding proprietary security rights over a debtor’s assets, granting them preferential claims in the satisfaction of debts through the execution of the collateral. Article 59 of the Indonesian Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations Law (UU KPKPU) restricts the exercise of such execution rights to a period of two months following the declaration of bankruptcy. This limitation raises issues of fairness, as it treats all creditors equally without regard to the legal priority attached to secured creditors. The provision risks undermining the absolute nature of proprietary security rights and deviates from the principle of proportional justice as articulated by Aristoteles. This article adopts a normative legal approach, examining statutory provisions, legal principles, and relevant doctrinal opinions. The findings suggest that the uniform treatment of secured and unsecured creditors after the expiry of the execution period is inconsistent with the fundamental characteristics of secured rights, namely their priority and enforceability against third parties. Accordingly, a revision of the existing legal framework is necessary to ensure the proper and equitable enforcement of secured creditors' rights in bankruptcy proceedings.

The acceleration of globalization and advances in information technology have brought about significant changes in the economic field. In this context, collaboration between individuals is a key element in forming business groups that aim to achieve economic benefits. These business groups can take the form of informal businesses that do not yet have legality, as well as legal entities known as corporations. When individuals join a corporation, this also strengthens the corporation's position as a legal subject in economic activities. A legal subject (subject tumjuris) is an entity that can have and exercise rights and obligations. This situation can trigger abuse of power by corporations against the public interest, which is then known as corporate crime. Such crimes are usually committed for the sake of the company's business interests and fall into the category of white collar. crime. One form of corporate crime that is rampant is the violation of the economic rights of creators and copyright owners

A valid agreement creates a contract that gives rise to rights and obligations between the parties, and if one party does not fulfill its obligations, it can be declared to be in default. Default can be interpreted as the failure to fulfill or negligent in carrying out obligations as stipulated in the agreement made by the creditor and debtor. One example of a case of default regarding debts involving the Deputy Regent of Sidoarjo, Subandi, who borrowed IDR 1 billion from Darmiati Tansilong. The Supreme Court rejected Subandi's appeal (Decision No. 1609/K/Pdt/2022) and stated that he was in default. The Supreme Court's decision emphasized that the default committed by Subandi poses a risk in the form of debt repayment, paying profit sharing for property business development and the total interest that has been promised.

Indonesia as a country of law and democracy has a solid foundation in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The dynamics of law enforcement and democracy in Indonesia are inseparable from the influence of historical,socio-political, and cultural factors that shape the course of the national legal system. This study uses the literature review method to examine the results of related studies, which show that aw enforcement in Indonesia faces various challenges, ranging fro legal pluralis, structural injustice, to political influence and technological developments in the digital era. Indonesian democracy is rooted in the values of Pancasila which demand social justice, respect for human rights, unity, and deliberation. However, in enforcement is still often hampered by corruption, weak integrity of legal complexity in a multicultural society.

This article discusses the importance of ethics in psychological assessment, particularly within the context of guidance and counseling, focusing on strategies to maintain confidentiality and objectivity. Confidentiality is a fundamental principle that must be upheld by counselors and psychologists to protect clients’ rights and privacy, as well as to build trust in the professional relationship. Strategies include transparent explanations of confidentiality limits, the use of informed consent, and the implementation of data security technologies such as encryption and role-based access restrictions. Furthermore, objectivity in assessment is maintained through the use of valid and reliable instruments and unbiased approaches to ensure accurate and fair results. By consistently applying ethical principles, the assessment process can provide optimal benefits to clients and uphold the integrity of the guidance and counseling profession.

Marriage is a sacred bond that is carried out by a woman and a man to become husband and wife. Basically every religion has its own proisions regarding marriage. In practice, especially in Indonesia, there are still many who practice interfaith marriages so that this practice has become a discussion that until now and in practice there are also many Muslims who still carry out interfaith marriages. This study aims to examine how the Islamic Law Compilation and Human Rights views the practice of interfaith marriage. The results of this study indicate that both according to the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) and Human Rights (HAM) state that interfaith marriage is an act that is forbidden because it has violated God’s commands, every religion forbids its people to marry people of different religions. The prohibition on interfaith marriage has also been enshrined in the Marriage Law and also the Islamic Law Compilation, so that every citizen is obliged to follow the applicable legal rules. In human rights, the highest human right is divinity so that every people must obey God’s commands.  

This study aims to analyze the normative provisions regarding women's inheritance rights in three legal systems applicable in Indonesia, namely Islamic law, customary law, and civil law. These three systems have different legal bases, values, and mechanisms in regulating inheritance rights, especially regarding the position and rights of women as heirs. Islamic law determines women's inheritance shares based on the provisions of the Qur'an and Al-Hadith or As Sunnah with the principle of proportionality according to socio-economic responsibilities in the family. On the other hand, customary law is highly dependent on the local kinship system, whether patrilineal, matrilineal, or bilateral, which causes great variation in granting inheritance rights to women. Meanwhile, civil law originating from the Civil Code emphasizes equality between men and women in inheritance rights, without gender differentiation. This study uses a normative legal approach with a qualitative analysis method on primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study show that although normatively civil law and several customary law systems provide space for equality, in social practice and cultural interpretation of women in obtaining inheritance rights, harmonization between legal systems is still needed, as well as increasing legal awareness in society for women. This study also emphasizes the importance of strengthening the role of the state and law enforcement officers in implementing inheritance rights for women.

The Child Protection Law affirms that the state guarantees children's rights to “protection from violence” as stipulated in the 1945 Constitution. This paper examines child abuse within the framework of Indonesian positive law using a normative approach and legal philosophy (positivism). The focus of the analysis is to what extent legal norms (such as the Child Protection Law, the Criminal Code, the Domestic Violence Law, etc.) align with the values of justice and children's human rights. A normative approach is used to analyze the laws and legal literature, while the philosophical approach, particularly the positivist ideas of Hans Kelsen and H.L.A. Hart, is employed to understand the relationship between legal norms and the concept of justice. The analysis reveals that although child protection regulations exist, their implementation on the ground tends to be legalistic, often neglecting humanitarian and justice elements. This study emphasizes the need for alignment between legal norms and substantive justice and the protection of children's human rights. The implication of this research is the need for a legal policy that is more responsive to children's rights and justice.

Human rights and Islam both emphasize the value of justice and well-being for all individuals, including women. However, in practice, women's rights are often hampered by patriarchal culture and conservative religious interpretations. This study aims to analyze how human rights and Islam can work in harmony in guaranteeing women's rights. Using a qualitative method based on literature study, this research identifies various factors that cause discrimination against women, such as gender bias in religious interpretations and entrenched social norms. The results show that realizing gender equality in Islam requires inclusive education, fairer reinterpretation of Islamic law, policy reforms that protect women, as well as economic empowerment and women's participation in leadership. With these steps, women can obtain their full rights without erroneous cultural and religious barriers.

Ethics play an important role in the Psychological Assessment process in the realm of Guidance and Counseling, especially in maintaining the rights and welfare of clients. This article highlights two main ethical aspects, namely protecting the confidentiality of assessment results and efforts to maintain objectivity in its implementation. This study uses a literature study approach with a descriptive-qualitative analysis method. Information was collected from various scientific references such as books, journals, and professional guidelines, then analyzed to formulate relevant ethical principles and strategies for implementing them in assessment practice. The findings show that maintaining confidentiality requires a clear understanding of client rights, information boundaries, and secure data management procedures. Meanwhile, obstacles to maintaining objectivity can be overcome through increased competence, utilization of reliable assessment tools, and supervision support. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for counselors in implementing assessments ethically and professionally.

Children are a vulnerable group frequently subjected to sexual violence, whether in the form of physical abuse, psychological harm, or sexual exploitation such as pornography and prostitution. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal regulations in providing protection for children against sexual violence crimes. The research is motivated by the high rate of sexual violence against children in Indonesia and the suboptimal implementation of existing regulations in ensuring justice and safety for victims. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with descriptive-qualitative analysis through the study of national laws, international conventions, and relevant literature. The findings reveal that although Indonesia has enacted regulations such as Law Number 35 of 2014 and ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child, their implementation still faces challenges including social stigma, insufficient legal support for children, and bureaucratic delays. This study concludes that legal protection for child victims of sexual violence must be strengthened through regulatory reform, institutional capacity building, and synergy between the state, society, and local communities.

The phenomenon of increasing potential for social conflict in the regions, including in Gorontalo Province, demands the presence of security forces that are able to act quickly, professionally, and in accordance with legal corridors. The Brimob unit as part of the National Police has a vital role in implementing riot control policies to maintain national stability and security. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Brimob Gorontalo's role in implementing the policy, in terms of legal aspects, especially in accordance with the principles of human rights and applicable laws and regulations. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative with literature and documentation study methods. The results of the analysis show that although the policy has been implemented in accordance with protap and regulations, the effectiveness of its implementation still faces challenges such as limited human resources, understanding of human rights, and social resistance. Therefore, it is recommended that Brimob Gorontalo strengthen human rights-based training, increase transparency of actions, and strengthen synergies with communities and local policy makers to create sustainable and equitable security.

This study aims to analyze the reform of Indonesia’s immigration policy in the era of globalization and to compare it with the immigration policies of other ASEAN countries, such as Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. The research uses a literature review method by analyzing current regulations, international reports, and academic publications. The findings indicate that Indonesia has made significant reforms through immigration service digitalization, the implementation of e-visas, and a human rights-based approach. However, compared to neighboring countries, Indonesia still faces challenges in inter-agency coordination, undocumented migrant regulation, and refugee protection. The comparative study reveals that ASEAN countries adopt varied approaches, from merit-based systems to migrant regularization programs. This research concludes that Indonesia has great potential to lead the harmonization of migration policies in the ASEAN region, but it requires stronger legal frameworks and more integrated governance.

The Constitutional Court is a state institution that emerged from the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, as part of the efforts to strengthen the principles of the rule of law and constitutional democracy in Indonesia. This institution plays a crucial role in upholding legal regulations, ensuring proper checks, and balancing the power between institutions and the state. This research aims to examine the position, authority, and contributions of the Constitutional Court within Indonesia's governance system. A normative approach is generally used, along with analyses of laws, Constitutional Court decisions, and various related legal literature. The results of the study show that the Constitutional Court not only acts as the gatekeeper of the structure, but also as the sole translator of the structure, which has an important influence on the dynamics of relations between state institutions and the development of constitutional law in Indonesia. The Constitutional Court participates in the protection of citizens' rights, the improvement of the electoral system, and the upholding of the principles of democracy and real justice.