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This study investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Risk Ratings on stock prices of companies listed in the ESG Leaders Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2020–2023. Using the Ohlson (1995) valuation model as the theoretical framework, the research examines the value relevance of financial information—proxied by Book Value per Share (BVPS) and Earnings per Share (EPS)—and non-financial information in the form of ESG risk ratings. The study employs purposive sampling, resulting in an unbalanced panel dataset of 120 firm-year observations. Panel regression analysis with the Random Effect Model (REM) is applied, supported by classical assumption tests and sensitivity analysis. The findings reveal that BVPS has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, highlighting its role as a stable and value-relevant measure for investors. By contrast, EPS shows a positive but insignificant relationship, confirming the declining relevance of earnings in the Indonesian market. Moreover, ESG Risk Ratings exhibit a negative but statistically insignificant effect, suggesting that while firms with higher ESG risks tend to be valued lower, sustainability considerations are not yet consistently incorporated into equity valuation by Indonesian investors. These results imply that financial fundamentals, particularly BVPS, remain the dominant factor in stock price determination, whereas ESG information has not yet achieved value relevance in the Indonesian context. The study underscores the need for stronger regulatory enforcement, standardized ESG disclosure, and greater investor awareness to enhance the integration of sustainability risks into capital market decision-making.

The purpose of this research is to examine and ascertain how capital structure and growth affect company value in FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia between 2019 and 2023, dividend policy being used as a moderating factor.  The study's sample consists of 16 FBM KLCI firms that were listed on Bursa Malaysia between 2019 and 2023.  The secondary data utilized was gathered from Bursa Malaysia's website and financial statement documentation studies.  Descriptive analysis, panel data regression analysis, MRA, traditional assumption testing, and hypothesis testing are among the data analysis methods used.  Eviews Version 13 was used to process the data for this investigation.  According to the study's findings, for the 2019–2023 timeframe, capital structure significantly and favorably affects company value in FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia.  In these businesses, growth has no bearing on firm value.  In FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia for the 2019–2023 timeframe, both the correlation between capital structure and company value and the effect of growth on firm value are unaffected by dividend policy.

Cocoa farming is one of the plantation subsectors that plays a strategic role in Indonesia’s economy, as it contributes to increasing farmers’ income, national exports, and the development of the chocolate processing industry. Indonesia is recognized as one of the world’s largest cocoa producers, with major production areas located in Sulawesi, particularly South Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi. However, the sustainability of cocoa farming still faces various challenges, such as low crop productivity, the use of low-quality seedlings, suboptimal cultivation techniques, and the presence of pests and plant diseases. In addition, limited access to capital and the low level of farmers’ financial management skills also affect the sustainability of cocoa farming. Many farmers do not yet have proper farm financial record-keeping systems, making it difficult to manage production costs, cash flow, and farm capital planning. In this context, financial literacy becomes an important factor that can help farmers manage their farming activities more effectively and sustainably. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy on the sustainability of cocoa farming and farmers’ welfare. The research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 120 cocoa farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency (Sidrap), South Sulawesi. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews and then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on farm financial management and the sustainability of agricultural businesses. Farmers with higher levels of financial literacy tend to manage farm capital more effectively, maintain proper financial records, and improve farm productivity. Therefore, improving financial literacy can become

The development of digital technology has changed consumer interaction and behavior patterns, including in purchasing decisions. Social media, especially TikTok, has become a strategic platform in marketing due to its interactive and visual content-based nature. Wardah, as a local cosmetics brand, utilizes TikTok through content marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) strategies to strengthen brand awareness and encourage purchasing interest. This study aims to analyze the influence of content marketing and E-WOM on TikTok social media on the decision to purchase Wardah products. The research method used is quantitative with an associative approach. The research sample consisted of 97 respondents determined through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and the coefficient of determination R2. The results showed that content marketing had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (t-count = 2.188; sig. 0.031). E-WOM also has a positive and significant effect (t-count = 15.020; sig. 0.001), with a more dominant effect than content marketing. Simultaneously, both social media have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (F-count = 119.690; sig. 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.718 indicates that 71.8% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by both social factors, while 28.2% is influenced by other social factors outside the scope of this study. These findings confirm the importance of digital marketing strategies based on creative content and consumer reviews in increasing purchasing decisions for Wardah products on TikTok.

Banking stability plays a crucial role in maintaining financial system resilience and supporting national economic growth. Fluctuations in macroeconomic factors often impact banks' financial health, particularly their capital. This study aims to explore how macroeconomic factors such as inflation, central bank benchmark interest rates, and gross domestic product (GDP) impact capital adequacy ratio (CAR) in conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2024. This study employed a quantitative approach with an associative design, utilizing secondary data. The sample size for this study was 43 conventional banks. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression using SPSS. The findings indicate that inflation and benchmark interest rates do not significantly impact financial health, while GDP indicators show a modest positive trend. These findings confirm that macroeconomic conditions are not yet a dominant factor in determining bank capital adequacy. Therefore, it is suspected that internal factors such as risk management, profitability, and operational efficiency play a greater role in maintaining bank capital stability.

This study investigates the impact of liquidity and profitability on firm value at PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk over the 2017–2024 period. Liquidity is measured using the Current Ratio, while profitability is represented by Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Firm value is proxied by the Price to Book Value (PBV). A multiple linear regression model is employed, complemented by univariate and bivariate analyses to mitigate potential multicollinearity between ROA and ROE. The findings reveal that neither the Current Ratio nor ROA significantly affects PBV, with an R-squared value of 0.175 and an F-statistic of 0.5315 (p = 0.618). An alternative model incorporating ROE yields similar results. While the model satisfies the assumptions of residual normality (Jarque-Bera p = 0.654) and shows no indication of significant autocorrelation (Durbin-Watson = 1.458), its explanatory power remains limited. These results suggest that external factors—such as market sentiment and long-term growth expectations—may have a more substantial influence on firm value than internal financial indicators.

This study aims to evaluate the financial recording system implemented by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary sector, and analyze its impact on business performance. MSMEs are a very dynamic sector and contribute significantly to the national economy, but many of them do not yet have an adequate financial recording system. Good financial recording is key in business decision making, budget planning, and profitability assessment. The population in this study were 370 culinary MSMEs in Harjosari I Village. The research sample was taken at 20%, namely 74 respondents. The study used a quantitative approach with a survey method through the distribution of questionnaires to 74 culinary MSMEs in Harjosari I Village, Medan Amplas. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression to see the relationship between the quality of the financial recording system as an independent variable and business performance as a dependent variable. The results showed that the better the financial recording system, the better the business performance, this can be shown by the regression equation, Y = 1.395 + 0.308 + e. The research results indicate that improving accounting literacy and the use of digital technologies, such as MSME bookkeeping applications, are essential. The involvement of local governments and financial institutions is crucial in educating and facilitating digital-based bookkeeping systems for culinary MSMEs to enhance their competitiveness and business sustainability.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the implementation of an integrated digital accounting system on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Bayan District. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses a quantitative approach, data is collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 75 MSME actors. The data analysis techniques used include validity and reliability tests, simple correlation tests, simple linear regression, determination tests and t. The results of the study show that the application of digital accounting systems has a positive and significant effect on business performance Information quality is not able to mediate the relationship between the influence of digital accounting use on business performance in MSME actors. The results of this study empirically conclude that the use of digital accounting has a positive and significant effect on business performance in MSME actors, which means that the better the use of digital accounting carried out by MSME actors, the more likely it is to improve business performance in MSMEs.

Auditor switching is very important for companies because it maintains the independence of auditors and has objectivity in assessing the fairness of the company's financial statements and maintaining public trust.  This study aims to determine the role of company growth in moderating the relationship between audit report lag and public ownership to auditor switching. This research was conducted using quantitative methods and the data source used, namely secondary data taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the form of annual financial statements. The population in this study is 70 companies in the infrastructure sector in 2019 – 2023. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample in this study is 21 companies with a total of 105 sample data. The data analysis technique used in this study is logistics regression using the Eviews version 12 application. The results of this study show that simultaneously Audit Report Lag and Public Ownership have an effect on Auditor Switching. While partially Audit Report Lag has no effect on Auditor Switching, Public Ownership has no influence on Auditor Switching. The role of Company Growth is able to moderate the relationship between Audit Report Lag and Auditor Switching. The role of Company Growth is not able to moderate the relationship between Public Ownership and Auditor Switching.  

This research was conducted in Bima City. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of Green Product and Green Marketing on purchasing decisions for Cushion Skintifik beauty products in Bima City. The population in this study were all users of Cushion Skintifik beauty products in Bima City. While the sample in this study amounted to 70 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques were by distributing questionnaires, observation and interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The conclusion in the study that Green Product does not have a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions for Cushion Skintifik Beauty Products in Bima City. Green Marketing has a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions for Cushion Skintifik Beauty Products in Bima City. Green Product and Green Marketing have a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions for Cushion Skintifik Beauty Products in Bima City. Adjusted R Square is: 0.307, thus indicating the suitability of the model and the large contribution of Green Products and Green Marketing to Purchasing Decisions of 0.307 or 30.7% and the remaining 69.3% contribution to the Purchasing Decision variable is through other variables not examined in this study.

This study explores key antecedents of turnover intention among employees in the warehouse industry, with a focus on workload, work stress, and job satisfaction. Conducted at CV. Sejati Pati, the research involved 102 respondents selected using a saturated sampling technique. The study applied a quantitative approach, using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed through multiple linear regression using IBM SPSS 27, including classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. The results showed that workload and work stress have a positive and significant effect on turnover intention, while job satisfaction has a negative and significant effect. In contrast, compensation and work environment were found to be statistically insignificant. Simultaneously, all variables jointly contribute to explaining 64.9% of the variation in turnover intention. These findings underscore the critical role of managing job demands and psychological pressure while enhancing employee satisfaction to reduce the likelihood of resignation. The research provides empirical insights for human resource management in high-pressure sectors, particularly warehouses, where operational continuity and labor stability are crucial. It also offers practical implications for developing targeted strategies to improve employee retention and foster a more resilient workforce in logistics operations.

This study aims to assess extent to which leadership, communication, and competence influence employee performance at Point Coffee Medan. The research was motivated by field findings that indicated a decline in work quality, such as delays in task completion, miscommunication among employees, and a lack of capability in carrying out tasks effectively. These issues highlight the need for improvements in human resource aspects, particularly in leadership style, communication effectiveness, and employee competence. A quantitative research method with a descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 38 employees of Point Coffee Medan. The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The goal of the study was to determine both the partial and simultaneous effects of the three independent variables on employee performance. The analysis results indicate that leadership, communication, and competence have a positive and significant impact on performance, both individually and collectively. Effective leadership helps guide and motivate employees in completing their tasks. Clear and open communication fosters collaboration and a harmonious work environment. Meanwhile, strong competence enables employees to work more efficiently, accurately, and productively. In conclusion, the improvement of employee performance is strongly influenced by the leader's ability to manage the team, the quality of internal communication, and the mastery of work-related competencies. Therefore, the company is advised to enhance these three aspects as part of its human resource management strategy

This study aims to analyze the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) and the Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR) on bank financial performance, as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), with Net Interest Margin (NIM) as an intervening variable in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021-2023 period. The research method used is quantitative research with a causal-comparative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data sourced from the financial reports of banking companies accessible through the official IDX website. The population in this study is banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with a sample of 35 companies selected using a purposive sampling method based on certain criteria. The independent variables in this study are Non-Performing Loans (X1) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (X2), while the dependent variable is Return on Assets (Y) and the intervening variable is Net Interest Margin (Z). Data analysis techniques in this study use panel data regression, classical assumption tests, t-tests, coefficients of determination, and Sobel tests. The results of this study indicate that NPL has no effect on NIM, while LDR has an effect on NIM, NPL has an effect on ROA, LDR has no effect on ROA, NIM has an effect on ROA, NIM does not mediate the relationship between NPL and ROA, and NIM mediates the relationship between LDR and ROA.

This study investigates the impact of third-party funds and cash turnover on Return on Assets (ROA) at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk. Specifically, it examines: (1) the effect of third-party funds on ROA, (2) the effect of cash turnover on ROA, and (3) the combined effect of third-party funds and cash turnover on ROA. Employing an associative research design with a quantitative approach, this study utilizes data on third-party funds, sales, cash, profit before tax, and total assets from 2013 to 2023. Data collection techniques include documentation and literature review. The analysis involves classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation), multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing (partial and simultaneous). The findings indicate that: (1) third-party funds significantly influence ROA, (2) cash turnover significantly affects ROA, and (3) both third-party funds and cash turnover collectively impact ROA at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk.

This study aims to predict the total population of Deli Serdang Regency for the year 2025 using a multiple linear regression approach. The data used were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Deli Serdang for the years 2015–2024, with total population as the dependent variable and male population and the percentage of male population as the independent variables. The analysis was carried out through a series of basic assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation, all of which indicated that the model met the criteria for a valid regression model. The results of the F-test and t-test showed that both independent variables had a significant influence on the total population. The R² value of 1.000 indicates that the model is capable of explaining 100% of the variation in the population size. Based on the regression model obtained, the projected total population of Deli Serdang in 2025 is estimated to reach 4,075,362 people, an increase of 2,026,882 people from the previous year. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for regional development planning, particularly in the provision of public services and resource management.

This study aims to examine the influence of ratings and influencer marketing on purchasing decisions for skincare products on the Shopee marketplace. This quantitative study involved 96 respondents and used multiple linear regression data analysis. The results show that ratings and influencer marketing have a significant influence. Purchasing decisions are influenced by ratings, which is the most dominant variable, meaning that the higher the rating, the greater the interest in the product. These findings emphasize the importance for sellers to maintain product and service quality to maintain high ratings and to collaborate with credible influencer marketers to strengthen their marketing strategies.

This study examines the synergy between morality and professionalism as foundational components in shaping ethical behavior among civil servants in Palangka Raya City. The research is motivated by persistent ethical issues within local government bureaucracy, despite ongoing reform initiatives that emphasize integrity and accountability in public service. Using a quantitative explanatory survey design, data were collected from civil servants across several regional government institutions and analyzed through multiple linear regression to determine the influence of morality and professionalism on ethical behavior. The findings indicate that both variables significantly contribute to the formation of ethical conduct, with morality demonstrating a slightly stronger influence compared to professionalism, thereby confirming theoretical concepts which argue that ethical public administration requires both personal integrity and professional competence. These results highlight the importance of strengthening institutional ethics programs through character building, competency-based professionalism, and transparent supervisory mechanisms to ensure consistency of ethical behavior across administrative practices. The study also acknowledges methodological limitations related to the exclusive use of quantitative measures, suggesting that future research may integrate qualitative approaches to capture deeper subjective meanings of morality and professionalism within public sector settings.

This study aims to analyze in more depth the influence of work-life balance and job stress on employee performance at PT Cipta Wahana Persada Surabaya. The study employed a quantitative method with a survey approach, enabling researchers to obtain objective data based on real-world conditions. The study sample consisted of 38 employees selected through a saturation sampling technique, as the entire population was used as respondents. Data processing was conducted using SPSS version 29.0, with a series of stages including instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing to determine the influence of each variable. The results indicate that work-life balance and job stress simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance. Partially, work-life balance has been shown to have a positive and significant impact on performance, while job stress also has a significant effect, albeit with a negative effect on productivity. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining a balance between work and personal life and managing stress effectively to enable employees to perform optimally. Therefore, companies need to pay attention to these two factors to improve organizational performance and productivity.

This study aims to analyse 1.) the implementation of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform (PMM) at SMK Negeri 9 in Jeneponto Regency. 2). The influence of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform (PMM) on teacher creativity at SMK Negeri 9 in Jeneponto Regency. 3). To analyse the impact of the Merdeka Mengajar (PMM) platform on teachers' teaching innovation at SMK Negeri 9 Jeneponto District. This research uses a quantitative research approach. The study was conducted on 55 teachers at SMKN 9 Jeneponto. The sampling technique used in this research is total sampling. This means that the entire population was included as the sample in the study, resulting in a sample size of 55 teachers. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, and data analysis techniques used simple regression analysis, t-test analysis, and F-test analysis using SPSS 26. Research Findings 1). The Merdeka Mengajar Platform at SMK Negeri 9 Jeneponto is assessed as having been implemented effectively, and the results of measuring the Merdeka Mengajar Platform indicators at SMK Negeri 9 Jeneponto indicate that the Merdeka Mengajar Platform has positively impacted teachers' creativity and innovation in teaching at SMKN 9 Jeneponto. 2). There is a positive and significant effect of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform on teachers' teaching creativity at SMK Negeri 9 Jeneponto, and 3). There is a positive and significant effect of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform on teachers' teaching innovation (Y2) at SMK Negeri 9 Jeneponto

The financial sector plays an important role in promoting Indonesia's economic recovery. This study was conducted to determine the effect of credit to priority sectors on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. The data analysis technique used is dynamic panel data regression analysis with the system-GMM approach. The results of this study indicate that credit for the agricultural, forestry, and fishery sectors; manufacturing sector; the accommodation and food and drink provision sector can increase economic growth on the island of Sumatera, while the construction sector credit; wholesale and retail trade sector; and the transportation and warehousing sectors have a negative influence on economic growth. This shows that the credit of the banking sector has a positive and negative influence on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. Therefore, banks and the government are expected to increase financial literacy to the community and improve internet facilities, especially in rural areas.