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Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a crucial aspect of the textile industry to ensure worker protection and maintain smooth production processes. This study aims to identify and analyze potential occupational accident risks in the sizing machine process. The methods used in this research are Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Risk Assessment to evaluate workplace hazards that may disrupt operations. The results indicate several major risks in the sizing process, including mechanical hazards due to direct contact with machines, ergonomic hazards caused by improper working postures, and chemical hazards from exposure to cotton dust and sizing solution vapors. The main risk factors include human aspects, the work environment, and machinery. The recommended improvements in this study include enhancing work supervision and control, providing safety training for workers, optimizing workplace ergonomics, and conducting regular machine maintenance to reduce accident risks. The proper implementation of safety strategies is expected to improve production efficiency and create a safer and more conducive work environment.

Ergonomics is a final result that ergonomics itself wants to achieve. Ergonomics is defined as an effort in the form of science, technology, and art to harmonize equipment, machines, work, systems, organizations and the environment with human abilities, expertise, and limitations so that a healthy, safe, comfortable, efficient and productive condition and environment is achieved, through optimal and maximum functional utilization of the human body (Manuaba, 2000). Home is a basic need for every human being, this is in accordance with the concept of basic human needs, namely clothing, food and shelter. Kitchens built in simple houses generally only meet the requirements for having a kitchen. Even the height of the kitchen work table and the height of the cupboard for equipment vary according to the taste of the carpenter or bricklayer. Thus, safe, comfortable, healthy and efficient working conditions can be achieved. In the case of incompatibility of work tools with body ergonomics, it can be overcome with appropriate technology. Most importantly, from the beginning of kitchen planning, ergonomics must be included so that the working environment and conditions can be made effective and efficient for its users.  

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mengubah perilaku masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan, terutama dalam kebiasaan mencuci tangan. Namun, setelah pandemi berakhir, kebiasaan ini mulai berkurang, ditambah dengan terbatasnya sarana cuci tangan yang tersedia. Di Kecamatan Colomadu, masih ditemukan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan tangan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, tim pengabdian masyarakat menginisiasi penyediaan alat cuci tangan portabel di beberapa fasilitas umum sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kebersihan tangan. Kegiatan ini meliputi perencanaan dan desain alat, pembuatan dan instalasi, sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, serta monitoring dan perawatan berkala. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa enam unit alat cuci tangan portabel yang dipasang di kantor kecamatan, pasar, dan puskesmas telah dimanfaatkan secara intensif oleh masyarakat, meningkatkan frekuensi kebiasaan mencuci tangan dan memperoleh apresiasi dari pemerintah setempat. Desain alat yang ergonomis dan sistem drainase yang efektif mendukung keberhasilan program ini, meskipun beberapa tantangan dalam perawatan dan koordinasi masih perlu diatasi. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran kebersihan tangan dan dapat dijadikan model untuk implementasi serupa di wilayah lain guna mencegah penyebaran penyakit menular pasca pandemi.

The application of good environmental ergonomics and occupational safety can help reduce the number of workplace accidents, improve employee welfare, and increase efficiency and productivity in the workplace. Therefore, research on Environmental Ergonomics and Occupational Safety is needed. To understand the contribution to scientific knowledge in the field of environmental ergonomics in medical record rooms, this study uses a qualitative descriptive research type to systematically describe Environmental Ergonomics and Occupational Safety. Observations in the medical record room at Tiara Hospital in Bekasi related to lighting in the medical record unit room found that the lighting in the medical record unit room was sufficient to assist staff in performing their duties. However, the lighting in the medical record document storage room (filing) is still uneven, and the medical record room door that cannot be locked poses a high risk to document security. Although there is a staff member on duty 24 hours a day, unauthorized individuals can still enter when the staff is inattentive. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive medical record documents, the risk of document theft or damage, and potential breaches of patient privacy. Suggestions include improving the lighting in the patient registration area to meet the recommended minimum standards and enhancing the security system, including ensuring that the medical record room door can be properly locked and considering the use of additional security technologies such as CCTV and access control systems.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue that affects both adolescents and the elderly, impacting their daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to identify the causes, risk factors, and preventive measures associated with LBP in these two age groups. Various factors, including posture, physical activity, body weight, and occupational or academic demands, contribute to the prevalence of LBP. In adolescents, prolonged sitting, improper posture, and excessive screen time are significant contributors, while in the elderly, age-related degenerative changes, decreased muscle strength, and chronic conditions such as osteoporosis play a major role. This study utilizes a literature review and observational analysis to explore the similarities and differences in LBP risk factors across different age groups. The findings suggest that early prevention through proper ergonomics, regular exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce the incidence of LBP. Additionally, awareness and education about spinal health should be emphasized in both adolescents and the elderly to mitigate future complications. This research highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, medical interventions, and lifestyle modifications, in managing and preventing LBP effectively.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue that affects both adolescents and the elderly, impacting their daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to identify the causes, risk factors, and preventive measures associated with LBP in these two age groups. Various factors, including posture, physical activity, body weight, and occupational or academic demands, contribute to the prevalence of LBP. In adolescents, prolonged sitting, improper posture, and excessive screen time are significant contributors, while in the elderly, age-related degenerative changes, decreased muscle strength, and chronic conditions such as osteoporosis play a major role. This study utilizes a literature review and observational analysis to explore the similarities and differences in LBP risk factors across different age groups. The findings suggest that early prevention through proper ergonomics, regular exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce the incidence of LBP. Additionally, awareness and education about spinal health should be emphasized in both adolescents and the elderly to mitigate future complications. This research highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, medical interventions, and lifestyle modifications, in managing and preventing LBP effectively.

Product quality is a key factor in enhancing a company's competitiveness. PT Nugraha Potong Tekuk, a producer of MPGG products, experienced a significant increase in the defect rate, reaching 11% of total production during the period from June 24 to July 16, 2024. This study aims to analyze the defect rate, identify the main causes, and provide improvement recommendations. The study follows the Six Sigma methodology, including the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) phases. Based on P-Chart analysis, the production process is within statistical control limits, but the defect rate still requires improvement. Two main types of defects were identified: unevenness and size defects, each accounting for 50% of the total defects. Fishbone diagram analysis revealed four main contributing factors: people, machines, materials, and environment. The people factor includes lack of operator skills and operator fatigue, while the machine factor covers worn-out tools and uncalibrated measuring instruments. The material factor is related to low-quality raw materials, and the environmental factor includes poor lighting and unstable work surfaces. Improvement recommendations include operator training, routine machine maintenance, quality control of raw materials, and improvement of the work environment. This study is expected to help PT Nugraha Potong Tekuk enhance product quality, reduce defect rates, and maintain competitiveness in the market.

This study aims to analyze the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) risk of workers at PT Kanugrahan Techno Engineering involved in grinding activities using the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method. The analysis results indicate that grinding activities 1 and 2 have a REBA score of 9, indicating a very high risk, while grinding activity 3 has the highest score of 10, indicating an extreme risk. Grinding activities 4 and 5 have a score of 7, indicating a moderate risk. To reduce these risks, ergonomic aids in the form of a table and chair were designed to support better posture. The production cost of one set of tools is Rp 710,966, with a total cost for 5 sets amounting to Rp 3,554,833.91. The implementation of ergonomic aids is expected to reduce MSDs risks, increase comfort and work efficiency, and improve worker productivity.

Humans will experience old age or old age (elderly) where when in that phase there will be a decrease in muscle mass so that it will affect the mobility of the elderly. Socialization of medicinal plants (TOGA) and ergonomics of movement for the elderly is knowledge provided for the elderly who live in Meruya Utara Village, especially in RT 004/09, where the number of elderly is quite large. This socialization is expected to help improve the knowledge and understanding of the elderly regarding the benefits of family medicinal plants and ergonomics of movement problems. The explanation of the use of TOGA plants that is conveyed is mainly related to the processing of TOGA, especially those that have properties for bone and muscle health where there are various types of TOGA that can maintain bone and muscle health such as ginger, temulawak, celery, and lemongrass. The explanation of ergonomic movement is conveyed starting from the type of elderly, problems faced, elderly diseases, safe activities for the elderly and a focus on rearranging the bathroom which is an area prone to frequent accidents for the elderly where the elderly bathroom must at least have a sitting toilet, railing, water reservoir, rough bathroom floor and a door handle with a handle

This project is motivated by the high risk of work accidents in the concrete production process, especially at night when there is poor lighting. Based on observations, there were various significant work incidents, such as injuries from sharp objects and being caught in heavy equipment, which indicate the need for increased risk control. This study aims to design personal protective equipment in the form of an innovative safety helmet using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method to improve occupational safety and health (K3) at PT Adhi Persada Beton Batching Plant Kebonarum. The methodology used includes hazard identification, risk analysis, and solution development in the form of designing a safety helmet that is adjusted to the ergonomic needs of workers. This study also includes analysis of work accident data, identification of potential hazards, and evaluation of the effectiveness of existing personal protective equipment. The results of the study indicate that the application of the JSA method can identify risks in a more structured manner, as well as produce recommendations for safety helmet innovations that can improve worker protection against potential hazards.

Proses pemanggangan adalah salah satu tahap penting dalam produksi bakpia yang memengaruhi kualitas tekstur dan cita rasa produk. Namun, tantangan seperti waktu yang lama, suhu tidak konsisten, dan kapasitas terbatas sering kali menjadi hambatan dalam proses ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang alat bantu Grilltider yang dirancang untuk mempercepat proses pemanggangan bakpia, meningkatkan efisiensi, serta mengurangi risiko kerja. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah VDI 2221, meliputi penentuan kebutuhan, konsep desain, perancangan bentuk, hingga pengujian alat. Alat Grilltider menggunakan bahan utama stainless steel tahan panas dan pegangan kayu ergonomis yang dilengkapi grip untuk kenyamanan pengguna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Grilltider mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pemanggangan hingga 30% serta memberikan kenyamanan dan keamanan tambahan bagi pengguna. Inovasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi bagi industri makanan kecil dan menengah dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanpa mengorbankan kualitas produk.      

In the cracker production process at UMKM Kerupuk Subur, the process of drying crackers involves human labor so there is a risk of injury because when drying crackers, workers have to bend and squat. This study aims to determine the occupational dangers of workers during the drying process of crackers in UMKM Kerupuk Subur and provide recommendations for improvement. The method used to analyze body posture is Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) then for improvement recommendations using an anthropometric approach with percentile calculations to determine dimensions as parameters for designing the work aids needed in the form of an ergonomic drying table. The results of REBA's analysis show a score of 9 with a high or high level, meaning there is a high risk of injury so immediate improvement is needed. The results of the design of an ergonomic drying table were then simulated through Inventor software which described the position of the worker's posture when carrying out cracker drying activities with a perpendicular working position. The results of the assessment of the working posture of the worker after the improvement showed a decrease in the risk level from medium to low and negligible.

CV Cahaya Setia Mulia is a company engaged in the service and production of sports gloves. June-October 2024 production data, the demand for gloves increased significantly, from 3,850 pcs in May to more than 5,000 pcs, so tailor workers are expected to produce products quickly and do repetitive work for a long time. The chairs used by workers are plastic chairs without backrests. This research uses the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, Anthropometric method, and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach. Based on the results of the NBM questionnaire, the complaints felt by 16 workers were obtained, namely that the average worker had the highest complaints in low back pain with an average of 2.1 pain in the right shoulder, pain in the right thigh, pain in the right knee, pain in the right ankle, pain in the right foot with an average value of 1.9, pain in the left knee and pain in the bronze with an average value of 1.8. A QFD approach was applied to ensure the chair design met customer needs. As a result, four key attributes were identified: the chair has a backrest, foam on the backrest and seat, neutral color, and quality material from mahogany wood. Based on Anthropometric calculations from 5 tailor workers, the seat size for the seat width is 49.8 cm, seat height is 35 cm, seat length is 44.2 cm, seat back length is 60.9 and seat elbow base height is 26.9 cm. Sewing chair design using Autodesk Fusion software.

Physiotherapy is a form of health service aimed at individuals and communities. The scope of physiotherapy services is to develop, maintain, and restore movement and body function throughout the life span. This service can be done through a promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitation approach. One of the many cases of physiotherapy is musculoskeletal complaints. Musculoskeletal complaints can occur due to habits carried out during work. If the body position is not correct and maintained for a long duration, it can trigger the emergence of musculoskeletal complaints. Work that lasts for a long time will decrease a person's body ability and can cause complaints and disorders in the body, especially musculo problems, one of which is neck pain. Neck pain is a multifactorial disease and is a major problem in society today. Some risk factors for neck pain, such as old age, female gender, low social support, and non-ergonomic work postures. The method of community physiotherapy activities used is to provide health promotion counseling and education regarding physiotherapy management in the form of stretching that can be done independently. The media used are leaflets and posters. The purpose of this counseling is to provide education and physiotherapy treatment related to neck pain in Keripik Tempe Sanan workers so that they can improve the complaints that have been felt and minimize the occurrence of injuries.

Physiotherapy is a form of health service aimed at individuals and communities. The scope of physiotherapy services is to develop, maintain, and restore movement and body function throughout the life span. This service can be done through a promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitation approach. One of the many cases of physiotherapy is musculoskeletal complaints. Musculoskeletal complaints can occur due to habits carried out during work. If the body position is not correct and maintained for a long duration, it can trigger the emergence of musculoskeletal complaints. Work that lasts for a long time will decrease a person's body ability and can cause complaints and disorders in the body, especially musculo problems, one of which is neck pain. Neck pain is a multifactorial disease and is a major problem in society today. Some risk factors for neck pain, such as old age, female gender, low social support, and non-ergonomic work postures. The method of community physiotherapy activities used is to provide health promotion counseling and education regarding physiotherapy management in the form of stretching that can be done independently. The media used are leaflets and posters. The purpose of this counseling is to provide education and physiotherapy treatment related to neck pain in Keripik Tempe Sanan workers so that they can improve the complaints that have been felt and minimize the occurrence of injuries.

Intensive computer use without ergonomic considerations poses risks of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) for PT. XYZ employees, who often work in uncomfortable positions. This study identified risk factors using the Nordic Body Map and ROSA methods. Results revealed high complaints in the upper neck and right shoulder, with 4 out of 5 employees at high risk due to non-ergonomic work postures and facilities. Recommendations include workplace layout improvements, posture training, and stretching routines to reduce WMSD risks and enhance employee well-being.

The application of ergonomics in the work environment is one of the efforts to ensure the health and safety of an individual or group in carrying out work in a work area that may be at risk of work accidents. Based on data from the Environmental Health and Occupational Safety Installation, musculoskeletal disorders experienced by employees of the "X" Hospital in Palembang in 2022, which stated that 318 employees of the "X" Hospital aged 31-40 years (38.1%), gender (69.2%), length of service <10 years (52.2%), length of service <8 hours (886.2%) with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders in the neck (64.5%), knees/ankles (58.7%), complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (81.4%), mild pain (scale 1-4) 59.0%, mild complaints 49.0%, This study aims to determine the factors related to the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in Laundry Officers at the "X" Hospital in Palembang in 2024. The subjects of this study were all Laundry Officers at the "X" Hospital in Palembang on July 15-27, 2024. The population and sample in this study were 37 laundry officers. This study uses a quantitative method with analytical observation research and a cross-sectional approach. Furthermore, the collected data was analyzed using the Chi Square Test with a significance level (p value) <0.005. The results of the study were that there were factors related to the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laundry Officers with Age (p value 0.005), Gender (p value 0.001), Length of Service (p value 0.001), Work Posture (p value 0.002), and Length of Service (p value 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between age, gender, length of service, work posture, and length of service with the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laundry Officers at RS "X" Palembang in 2024. It is recommended that the Laundry Installation section of RS "X" Palembang conduct a safety briefing to reduce the risk of accidents and provide information on the importance of individual health.

Activities to improve children's creativity through cheerful garden activities (learning while playing outdoors) in Pasinan village, Lekok sub-district, this activity was carried out for approximately five times and for its implementation on Saturdays and Sundays each meeting discussed a different topic. For the first activity in the ceria park, namely making a pigura made from used cardboard with decorations made from tree branches and origami. Providing material about the design of the craft form to be made and making changes to the design of the craft form so that the results obtained can channel the strengths of this cheerful garden program such as minimizing expenses, attracting customer attention by increasing product visuals, and maximizing the ergonomic value of the products created. This community service uses the PAR method and is able to improve the expertise and skills of children in Pasinan village, therefore the expertise possessed by everyone can undergo social change based on involvement in a related activity. The PAR method in community service activities is an activity that has a very significant impact because it focuses on improvement and change.

In the current era of globalization, information technology is developing rapidly. As for technology, which is equipment created to make human work easier, when achieving good progress in the work process of PT Plaza Auto Prima, it is absolutely necessary to have a technique that supports and provides satisfactory service for customers. Based on this, the author tries to analyze a method used when employees work in the Plaza Auto Prima environment regarding the work ergonomics they currently apply at PT Plaza Auto Prima, which to date has not seen any improvement. The method used is direct observation and assessment of work posture using the REBA method. The research subjects were mechanics who worked in the installation or removal of car wheels. The data obtained is analyzed to determine the REBA score and the level of risk faced by workers. The research results show that the mechanical work posture at PT Plaza Auto Prima (Toyota) Tendean has significant problems. Analysis using the REBA method produces a final score of 8, which indicates a high risk level and requires immediate improvement. Factors that contribute to this high risk include the lack of ideal work ergonomics and limited supporting equipment. This increases the risk of injury and illness to the worker's body in the future. After improvements were made by adding trolley service tools, the way of working became more ergonomic so that the REBA score dropped to 2, which shows that some of the movements carried out were in the safe category or did not cause muscle injuries in the future. Therefore, the presence of bodily abnormalities that arise from work cannot be separated from the existence of supporting equipment to facilitate the removal of certain parts so as not to cause abnormal bodily effects. Planning for the procurement of a particular tool needs to be done as soon as possible so that workers do not suffer the effects of bodily abnormalities. In this way, the author took analytical steps using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, which is the best solution to solve the problems that exist in this company to support workers so they can work all the time without any complaints about their bodies.

PT. Indonesia Plafon Semesta is a company engaged in manufacturing, this company produces various kinds of PVC ceilings. Problems faced by PT. Indonesia Plafon Semesta is the activity of making PVC ceilings in the packing section, where the activity conditions or workers' posture is not good. When packing by squatting and bending, the position is less ergonomic, resulting in excessive force exertion and the risk of injury. This research aims to determine the level of complaints felt by workers in body parts by identifying them using the Nordic Body Map (NBM), Manual Task Risk Assessment (ManTRA) to determine the level of risk experienced by workers and knowing how many angles are formed. Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) is used to calculate worker posture and provide a score of the worker's proposed posture using Anthropometry. Data processing was carried out using NBM calculations for workers who had the highest score of 51 and the lowest 44. Knowing the level of risk experienced by workers with Mantra protection with the back, forearms, neck and wrists > 15 and the angle formed in the REBA calculation using score 10. Improvement of the proposed posture with Anthropomerti with a TPO calculation of 32.5 cm and JTD cm of 69 by paying attention to the object being worked on with REBA calculation results having a score of 7.