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Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are serious occurrences and problems that are often found in all hospital facilities. HAIs cause extended hospitalization, permanent disability, increased treatment costs, and death. Hand Hygiene has an important role in the prevention and control of HAIs. This study aims to see the compliance of nurses' hand hygiene and nurses' knowledge of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) in the intensive care unit of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. The type of research design used was descriptive with a sampling technique using a total of 31 respondents. Based on the results of the study, it was found that most nurses were obedient in carrying out hand hygiene (83.9%) and knowledge that is about the prevention of HAIs was found to be a large number of nurses who had high knowledge (67.7%). It is hoped that nurses maintain compliance in performing hand hygiene so that HAIs do not occur.

The toilet training program for blind students at the State Special School (SKhN) 01 Pandegelang is an important aspect in the development of basic life skills. Blind students need to be trained systematically and continuously. This study used a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with teachers, students and parents, and documentation of the learning program implemented at the school. The results of the study indicate that the toilet training program at SKh Negeri 01 Pandegelang has been designed based on the individual needs of students, by implementing routine-based learning strategies, positive reinforcement, and the use of learning media that can be accessed tactilely and auditorily. Obstacles faced in the implementation of the program include limited special educators, lack of supporting facilities. Nevertheless, this program has a positive impact on increasing the independence of blind students in terms of personal hygiene, discipline, and self-confidence. The conclusion of this study shows that the success of the toilet training program is greatly influenced by teacher involvement, collaboration with parents, and adaptation of learning methods that are appropriate to the characteristics and needs of blind students. Researchers recommend strengthening teacher training, providing disability-friendly facilities, and regular program evaluations to improve optimal results

Wanita memiliki banyak masalah  pada  area  vagina.  Kebanyakan  kasus  yang  terjadi  adalah  keputihan.  Keputihan  atau  dalam bahasa  medis  disebut  dengan  flour  albus  merupakan  keluarnya  cairan  yang  berlebihan  dari vagina  yang  bukan  darah  haid. Pengobatan  keputihan  non  farmakologis  dapat  dilakukan  dengan  perubahan  tingkah  laku  personal  hygiene,  psikologis,  serta menggunakan daun sirih. Daun sirih telah terbukti secara ilmiah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada berbagai konsentrasi (20-100%).  Berdasarkan  data  yang  didapat  di  Desa Majungan Kecamatan Pademawu kabupaten Pamekasan  pada  tanggal  18  Juli  2025  terdapat remaja usia reproduktif yang mengalami keputihan sejumlah 8 orang, rata –rata usia 18-22 tahun. Berdasarkan data yang didapat di Desa Majungan Kecamatan Pademawu Kabupaten Pamekasan pada tanggal 18 Juli 2025 terdapat remaja usia reproduktif yang mengalami keputihan sejumlah 8 orang dari 35 remaja lainnya,  rata –rata  usia  18-22  tahun  wanita  usia  reproduktif  di  Desa Majungan Kecamatan Pademawu Kabupaten Pamekasan ini belum pernah mengetahui banyak manfaat pada daun sirih hijau, sehingga tim  pengabdian  kepada  Masyarakat  tertarik  untuk  melakukan  Pendidikan  Kesehatan dalam  bentuk  penyuluhan  terkait  manfaat  air  rebusan  daun  sirih  terhadap  fluor  albus pada wanita usia reproduktif di Desa Majungan Kecamatan Pademawu.

Adolescence represents a transitional phase characterized by complex biological, psychological, and social changes, during which insufficient understanding of reproductive health can lead to risky behaviors such as premarital sexual activity, unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The purpose of the activity titled “Reproductive Health Knowledge Socialization among Adolescents at SMAN 37 Central Maluku in 2025” was to enhance adolescents’ knowledge and awareness regarding reproductive health. This community service program employed a cross-sectional design and involved 54 students from grades X to XII, selected purposively. Data were collected through online pre-tests and post-tests using Google Forms, and the results were analyzed with Microsoft Excel to evaluate changes in participants’ knowledge levels. The findings revealed a notable increase in the average knowledge score from 76% to 89.8%, with the most significant improvements observed in aspects related to reproductive hygiene and understanding of STI risks. The activity proved effective in improving adolescents’ reproductive health literacy and strengthening their awareness of responsible reproductive behavior. Therefore, face-to-face interactive socialization serves as a strategic approach to reinforce healthy understanding and behavior among adolescents in archipelagic regions. Moreover, it can be adopted as a model for developing sustainable health education programs in schools across Eastern Indonesia.

Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) is the activity of cleaning hands using clean, running water and soap to remove dirt, oil, and various germs such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites that may cling to the skin. As one of the most effective, simplest, and most affordable methods of preventing infectious diseases, CTPS is highly important to practice consistently, especially among students at Public Elementary School 283 located in Waitomu Hamlet, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. However, observations indicate that after school activities or playtime, several students still show reluctance to wash their hands, which may be influenced by low awareness, limited understanding of hygiene, insufficient supervision, or the absence of strong daily habits related to cleanliness. This issue reflects the need for more structured hygiene education, continuous reminders, and interactive learning methods to instill good handwashing habits. In addition, improving supporting facilities—such as accessible handwashing stations, adequate soap supply, and visual posters—can motivate students to practice CTPS more regularly. Strengthening CTPS awareness and habits is expected to reduce the risk of disease transmission, foster a healthier school environment, and encourage students to adopt lifelong hygiene practices that benefit both their personal well-being and the wider community.

This Community Service Program aims to enhance the awareness, knowledge, and practical skills of teachers and students at SD Negeri 2 Palembang in carrying out independent waste management. The main issue identified was the lack of awareness and discipline in sorting organic and inorganic waste, which contributes to environmental pollution and poor hygiene within the school area. The program was implemented through lectures, interactive discussions, and hands-on training involving the use of separate bins for different waste types. The results demonstrated a remarkable improvement in waste management understanding and behavior. Teachers and students have developed new habits of waste sorting before disposal, resulting in a cleaner, healthier, and more pleasant school environment. Additionally, the activity inspired creativity in transforming inorganic waste into useful and economically valuable crafts that can be reused. Overall, this program fostered environmental awareness, strengthened community participation, and encouraged sustainable waste management practices as part of daily school culture.

Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, and nails that is often found in tropical climates such as Indonesia, including Jambi City, which has high humidity and community habits that can support fungal growth. This study aims to describe the demographic characteristics of dermatophytosis patients who received treatment at a private dermatologist and venereologist in Jambi City throughout 2023. This study used a descriptive design using secondary data from patient medical records. A total of 399 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed univariately and the results are presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. The results showed that tinea corporis was the most common type of dermatophytosis, followed by tinea cruris and tinea capitis. The majority of patients were male, aged 17–25 years, had a high school education, and worked as students. The most common locations of lesions were on the trunk and groin. These findings suggest that the productive age group is more susceptible to dermatophytosis, possibly related to high physical activity, excessive sweating, and suboptimal personal hygiene. This research is expected to be the basis for planning health education regarding the prevention of fungal infections and improving clean and healthy living behavior in the community.

Hand hygiene is an essential step in preventing the transmission of infectious diseases, making the availability of safe and environmentally friendly hand soap an important necessity in daily sanitation practices. This community service activity aims to enhance students’ environmental literacy, technical skills, and ecological awareness through training on producing natural hand soap based on butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) extract, with the final product named Clitoria Nature. The program was implemented using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which consists of four stages planning, action, observation, and reflection—through strategies including socialization, demonstration, and hands-on practice. The subjects of this activity were 32 students of Grade VIII Room 1 at MTsN 1 Palangka Raya City. The results showed an increase in students’ understanding of the benefits of natural ingredients, their ability to formulate liquid soap, and the development of behavior that favors the use of natural hygiene products. Theoretically, the anthocyanin and flavonoid content of butterfly pea flowers supports the antibacterial potential of the formulated soap. This program not only produced an environmentally friendly hand soap but also contributed to the formation of healthier and more sustainable sanitation behaviors.

Job satisfaction is the positive or negative feeling employees have toward their work, which arises from evaluating various aspects of the job. This study aims to analyze and explain the role of organizational climate in mediating the effect of transformational leadership on the job satisfaction of Taman Prakerti Bhuana employees through an associative quantitative approach using saturated sampling (census) on 86 employees and Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and organizational climate, while organizational climate has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction and negatively mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. These findings have theoretical implications for Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, in which transformational leadership serves as a motivator factor that can increase job satisfaction, while negative perceptions of organizational climate reflect weaknesses in hygiene factors such as policies, communication, and working conditions, thereby potentially reducing satisfaction even when motivators are fulfilled. The practical implication for the management of Taman Prakerti Bhuana is the need for a comprehensive evaluation of internal policies, communication systems, and work environments to strengthen hygiene factors so that transformational leadership, which is already running effectively, can be supported by a more conducive organizational climate and sustainably enhance job satisfaction.

This study discusses the pedagogical approach in learning the Book of Safinatun Najah Bab Najis and its impact on the worship awareness of 5th grade students at Madrasah Diniyah, Darut Tauhid Islamic Boarding School, Tanjungsari Krejengan, Probolinggo. The purpose of this study is to find out how the learning strategies applied by teachers affect students' understanding of the concept of najis and its application in daily worship practices. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through observation of the learning process in the classroom, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of taharah practices carried out by students. The results of the study show that the combination of bandongan, sorogan, and practical exercises methods is directly able to improve the conceptual understanding and practical skills of students in recognizing the types of unclean and how to purify them. In addition, this method also strengthens the consistency of students in performing ablution and preparing themselves to perform prayers correctly. The implications of this study confirm that the balanced integration of theoretical and practical learning is effective in fostering religious discipline, improving cognitive understanding, and forming habits of maintaining personal hygiene, so that students' awareness of worship develops sustainably.

Background: Posterior tooth loss can impact masticatory function, aesthetics, and quality of life. Bridges are a restorative solution, but conventional pontic designs often make it difficult to maintain periodontal hygiene and health. Sanitary pontics offer a design that minimizes tissue contact, facilitates cleaning, and reduces plaque accumulation. Case report: A 23-year-old male patient lost his mandibular right first molar and sought to restore chewing function. After clinical and radiographic examinations, it was decided to restore the edentulous area of tooth 46 using a PFM bridge with a sanitary pontic design. Teeth 45 and 47 underwent abutment preparation, impressions, and fabrication of the bridge. Discussion: The sanitary pontic design has been shown to facilitate oral hygiene, especially under the pontic. The space between the pontic and the alveolar mucosa facilitates effective brushing or flossing, reducing plaque and the risk of gingival inflammation. PFM materials provide appropriate strength and durability for posterior restorations. Conclusion: A Porcelain Fused Metal (PFM) bridge with a sanitary pontic design is an effective restorative alternative for posterior tooth loss, improving hygiene and supporting long-term periodontal health.

Halal tourism has continued to grow as a highly attractive segment for Muslim travelers, particularly in the provision of Sharia-compliant accommodation such as Islamic hotels. This study aims to examine consumer perceptions of halal food-and-beverage facilities and Sharia-based operational standards in Islamic hotels across the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, involving 150 respondents who had stayed in Sharia hotels. Data were collected through closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using the Weighted Mean Score (WMS) technique to evaluate respondents’ assessments of each indicator. The results indicate that consumer perception of halal food-and-beverage facilities falls into the very high category, with average scores exceeding 4.838. Consumers acknowledged that Sharia hotels maintain halal assurance, hygiene, and food safety through proper processing and the availability of halal certification. Regarding operational aspects, consumer perception is also classified as very good, with an average score of 4.606, particularly for policies prohibiting unmarried couples from sharing a room and banning entertainment deemed inappropriate or immoral. However, the use of Sharia-compliant financial institutions still requires improvement. Overall, the findings affirm that Sharia hotels in Jabodetabek have successfully implemented most Sharia principles, although further enhancement of internal operational practices is needed to achieve more comprehensive Sharia compliance.

This training supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). The community service activity follows the UNJ Community Service Strategic Plan (PPM Renstra) 2021–2025, focusing on education and environmental initiatives. A needs analysis conducted at SMAN 1 Muara Gembong, particularly in the school canteen, revealed that many food items sold lacked attention to health and hygiene, and did not optimize local food products. Based on this, training on personal hygiene education for the school community is needed to support school entrepreneurship programs. The training uses a practical approach integrated with digital technology through poster creation. Results showed that participants increased their awareness of health and hygiene, which improved the quality of their entrepreneurial products. The training included material on personal hygiene in entrepreneurship, with educational posters as the output. Evaluation was done using questionnaires, with data analyzed descriptively. Expected outcomes include the publication of an article, mass media exposure, YouTube video, partnership recognition, intellectual property rights registration, educational posters, and a profile of personal hygiene education for the school community in canteen management.

This community service activity aims to increase the ability and creativity of the people of Situnggaling Village, Brand District, Karo Regency, in utilizing the potential of the surrounding nature in the form of telang flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) through training in making simple syrup products. This training was attended by 34 participants consisting of housewives and village teenagers. The implementation method includes socialization of the benefits of telang flowers, syrup making demonstrations, as well as technical assistance in packaging and marketing strategies. Participants were also given an understanding of hygiene standards, the right dosage of ingredients, natural dyeing techniques, and product storage procedures to have a longer shelf life. In addition to the production aspect, this activity also discussed the economic potential of telang flower syrup products as a commodity for MSMEs, including the calculation of production costs and marketing opportunities through social media. The results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge about the economic value and health benefits of telang flowers, as well as their ability to produce syrup independently. This activity is expected to be the first step in empowering the local potential-based economy and encouraging the formation of new sustainable home businesses in Situnggaling Village.

Water plays a fundamental role in sustaining human life, particularly as a source of drinking water. Nonetheless, the consumption of water that does not comply with established health standards can result in illnesses such as diarrhea and vomiting. In the Patrang District, the use of refillable drinking water has gained popularity as an economical substitute for bottled water. Despite its convenience, there are growing concerns about the microbiological safety of refillable drinking water, especially regarding contamination by Coliform and Escherichia coli bacteria, which serve as key indicators of water hygiene and safety. The objective of this research was to determine the contamination levels of Coliform and Escherichia coli bacteria in refillable drinking water. The study utilized a quantitative research design with descriptive analysis and employed the Most Probable Number (MPN) method for testing. Data collection took place from May to June 2024, comprising five water samples labeled X, Y, Z, A, and B, obtained from refillable drinking water depots in Patrang District using a simple random sampling approach. The results indicated that out of the five samples tested, the sample labeled Z was positive for Coliform with an MPN value of 920 cfu/mL, while the sample labeled A was positive for both Coliform and Escherichia coli with an MPN value of 2,000 cfu/mL. From these findings, two samples (Z and A) were identified as contaminated, with the highest bacterial concentration found in sample A, which had an MPN value of 2,000 cfu/mL

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa characterized by round or oval ulcers with well-defined reddish borders and a shallow base covered by a grayish or yellowish fibrinous pseudomembrane. RAS is generally classified into three clinical types—minor, major, and herpetiform based on the size, number, and duration of the lesions. Several factors contribute to its occurrence, including bacterial infections such as Streptococcus sanguis, immune system dysfunctions, and nutritional deficiencies involving iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid. Other potential triggers include local trauma, hormonal or endocrine imbalances, psychological stress, and allergic reactions. Among these, anemia due to deficiencies in iron, folate, or vitamin B12 is considered an important etiopathogenic factor, although its exact role has not been fully clarified. The management of RAS primarily focuses on symptom relief, promoting faster ulcer healing, and preventing recurrence through both topical and systemic approaches. Effective treatment often includes improving nutritional intake, maintaining oral hygiene, and addressing underlying systemic or psychological conditions. Understanding the multifactorial causes of RAS is crucial in developing comprehensive strategies for prevention and long-term management of this recurrent oral lesion.

Sanitation facilities are a fundamental element that contributes to creating a healthy, comfortable, and productive learning environment in higher education institutions. This study aims to describe the availability of sanitation facilities in the Office Administration Management Study Program, analyze the factors that influence their condition, and explore the perspectives of the academic community regarding their quality and usefulness. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The informants of this study consisted of students, lecturers, administrative staff, and facility managers. The findings reveal that sanitation facilities such as toilets, sinks, and trash bins remain inadequate in terms of quantity, physical condition, and distribution within the campus area. Several key challenges were identified, including limited financial resources, suboptimal management practices, low awareness and discipline among users, and the absence of clear and strict institutional policies related to sanitation standards. The academic community generally perceives that the available sanitation facilities do not meet the expected standards of comfort and hygiene, which may negatively affect the quality of learning experiences and academic activities. This study highlights the importance of strategic planning, adequate budget allocation, and supportive institutional policies in improving the quality of sanitation facilities. The implications of the study are expected to provide valuable input for higher education managers in formulating policies and planning facilities that are more responsive to the needs of the academic community, thereby supporting effective, professional, and sustainable educational governance.

Umbilical cord care is an important part of newborn care because the umbilical cord that has not fallen off has the potential to become an entry point for germs if not cared for hygienically. In the community, traditional umbilical cord care practices are still widely practiced and often do not comply with medical standards. This study aims to determine the effect of umbilical cord care education on cleanliness and duration of umbilical cord detachment in newborns in the Bongo 2 Community Health Center, Boalemo Regency. This study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 24 newborns selected using a total sampling technique. The intervention in the form of umbilical cord care education was given to the parents of the babies, then measurements were taken of umbilical cord cleanliness and duration of umbilical cord detachment before and after education. Data analysis was performed using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed an increase in umbilical cord cleanliness after education, with a p value = 0.001. In addition, the average duration of umbilical cord detachment decreased significantly after education, with a p value = 0.000. This study concludes that umbilical cord care education has a significant effect on improving hygiene and optimizing the duration of umbilical cord removal in newborns.

School cleanliness is a fundamental aspect in creating a healthy, comfortable, and character-based learning environment. This community service activity aims to raise students’ awareness of the importance of maintaining school environmental hygiene through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach conducted at MDTA Nurul Huda, Padamaju Village, Pagelaran District, Cianjur Regency. The activity consisted of several stages: observation, educational counseling, collaborative cleaning activities, and participatory evaluation. The results show an increased awareness among students of the importance of cleanliness, a more organized school environment, and active involvement of teachers and students in maintaining school facilities. Teachers served as role models who significantly influenced students’ clean habits. The activity also affirmed the integration of Islamic values in hygiene education, aligning with the principle of an-nadhafah minal iman (cleanliness is part of faith). Therefore, the school cleanliness education program at MDTA Nurul Huda is not merely a physical cleaning action but also a sustainable form of character education based on spiritual and social values.

The knowledge and attitudes of food handlers are pivotal in fostering proper hygiene practices; however, not all individuals grasp and implement the requisite standards. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between knowledge and attitudes regarding the behavior of food handlers in the context of hygiene and sanitation practices at Muhadi Setiabudi University. The study uses an observational methods. The research design used was cross-sectional in nature. A total of 59 food handlers were selected for the study, all of whom fulfilled the established criteria. The sampling method employed was purposive sampling. The findings indicate that 26 individuals, representing 44.1%, demonstrated a commendable level of knowledge, while 33 individuals, or 55.9%, exhibited a lack of knowledge. Furthermore, 54 individuals, accounting for 91.5%, displayed a positive attitude, in contrast to 5 individuals, or 8.5%, who showed a negative attitude. Additionally, 26 individuals, corresponding to 44.1%, engaged in commendable behavior, whereas 33 individuals, or 55.9%, were characterized by poor behavior. The Chi-square test revealed a relationship between knowledge and behavior, indicated by p > 0.05 (p = 0.809), and between attitude and behavior, evidenced by p < 0.05 (p = 0.848). No correlation exists between knowledge and attitudes regarding food handler behavior.