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According to Yule in (Pragmatics, 2006:43) presupposition is the speaker's assumption before speaking to the person he is speaking to as an action that produces speech. The aim of this research is how presuppositions in illocutionary speech acts prohibit based on the procedures in the area studied. The theory used in this research is Yule's presupposition theory and is supported by Leech's pragmatic semantic theory. The method used is communication ethnography. Data collection was carried out using the bush and talk method. The data that has been collected is then processed using categorical, descriptive and distributional methods. In this study, the types of speakers were based on age, namely children, teenagers and adults. This research also uses six types of presuppositions. The way to speak when forbidding is based on sound, namely in a soft voice, low voice and loud voice. Apart from that, the prohibition procedure can also be based on its form. Based on the form, there are forms with words, without words and mixed. Then when the speech is delivered it is also explained according to the situation. There are two situations, the situation of oneself and the situation of many people.

This research aims to examine what factors influence the level of customer loyalty of GeraiHALO Telkomsel Wonosobo, Central Java. The population in this study are customers who have subscribed or are currently subscribing to Telkomsel Kartu HALO, simPATI and AS product services, having subscribed for at least six months. Determining the sample in this research used the probability sampling method. This analysis uses the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method which is used to determine the level of importance and perception (expectations) of the Marketing Mix towards customer satisfaction implemented by the company. The results of the IPA analysis show that the dominant factors influencing customer loyalty are product quality, price, distribution variables. and promotion variables in this research are quite good in explaining customer perceptions. The author's advice to companies is that companies create products that are superior in quality, and always maintain product quality, namely by always innovating products that are tailored to customer desires for the product. Apart from that, companies must always pay attention to customer complaints by minimizing customer complaints.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the relationship between the implementation of employee engagement, quality of work life and organizational commitment to nurses at Unand Hospital in 2023. This research was carried out at Unand Hospital throughout 2024 using a mix methods research method . This method was used. This was carried out with the aim of knowing the frequency distribution of the relationship between employee engagement, quality of work life and organizational commitment to the turnover intention of nurses at Unand Hospital and being able to explain this further through informant interviews. The research results then showed that there was a negative relationship between the employee engagement of nurses at Unand Hospital, the lower the level of turnover intention of nurses at Unand Hospital, the quality of work-life of nurses had a negative and significant effect on the turnover intention of nurses at Unand Hospital and organizational commitment had a negative and significant effect on the turnover intention of nurses at Unand Hospital. significant impact on the turnover intention of nurses at Unand Hospital. So this shows that if the implementation of employee engagement , quality of work life and organizational commitment is increasingly improved, the level of turnover intention that occurs will decrease. This was also expressed by nurses who stated their low level of turnover intention. while working at Unand Hospital due to the comfort of work, harmony with co-workers and greater career and study opportunities at Unand Hospital. So it is hoped that Unand Hospital will maintain the quality and quantity of its human resources by increasing employee engagement, quality of work life and organizational commitment so that it has an impact on the quality of service delivery to the public.

This research investigates the prevalent challenges and identifies strategic approaches for effective resource utilization in secondary schools. Through a mixed-methods study involving quantitative analysis and qualitative interviews, the research highlights significant problems such as budget constraints, outdated educational materials, and disparities in resource distribution between urban and rural schools. The study reveals that 75% of surveyed schools encounter difficulties in resource allocation, with urban schools having better access to technology and trained personnel compared to their rural counterparts. Qualitative findings underscore the importance of several strategies to optimize resource usage. Needs-based allocation is identified as a critical approach, with schools that tailor resources to specific needs reporting improvements in student engagement and achievement. The integration of technology, combined with comprehensive teacher training on digital tools, is pivotal in enhancing learning experiences. Moreover, collaboration with the community and local businesses emerges as a valuable source of additional resources and real-world learning opportunities. The establishment of resource-sharing networks among schools is also noted as an effective measure to mitigate the impact of budget constraints and promote a more equitable distribution of materials and expertise. This study contributes to the discourse on educational equity and efficiency, offering actionable insights for policymakers, educators, and administrators. By emphasizing the need for localized solutions, technological equity, and community engagement, the research points towards a more equitable and efficient educational landscape. Future research directions include exploring the longitudinal impacts of these strategies on educational outcomes and the role of policy reforms in supporting resource optimization efforts.    

This research is intended to evaluate the marketing strategy implemented by the Mogobo Snack Tuban Micro Enterprise to increase their sales. Mogobo Snack is a micro business that produces fried meatball chips with a spicy taste as its characteristic. This research adopts qualitative methods using observation, interviews and documentation instruments. The findings from the research show that the Mogobo Snack Tuban Micro Enterprise implements a marketing strategy in the form of a marketing mix consisting of product, price, promotion and distribution elements. The strategy includes production of high-quality chips, pricing based on production costs, online and offline marketing, as well as promotion via social media and a door-to-door approach. The SWOT analysis shows several alternative strategies that Mogobo Snack can implement, such as increasing digital marketing, developing new products, collaborating with culinary influencers, and expanding into traditional markets. By implementing these strategies, Mogobo Snack can overcome the challenges of competition and changing consumer trends, thereby increasing sales volume and increasing its market share and profitability.

MSMEs are businesses owned by the community, both individuals and entities, that meet the criteria for being a business. Indonesia's success in increasing the scale of the national economy cannot be separated from the role of MSME behavior. MSMEs in Nganjuk Regency have their own attraction which is supported by natural potential, namely the large number of shallot commodities. As time goes by, many people in Nganjuk Regency make a living from processing shallots, so there are many similar products from MSMEs. “Bawang Kita” MSMEs face several obstacles, namely seasonal market demand which is always changing and threats from similar MSMEs which create a competitive market situation both in the national and international markets. Along with fluctuating sales and increasingly fierce competition, “Bawang Kita” MSMEs need to pay attention to marketing mix strategies that are in line with the desires of domestic and foreign consumers. This can also help companies achieve superiority over the competition. This research discusses the effectiveness of implementing international marketing mix strategies in “Bawang Kita” MSMEs which is supported by SWOT analysis. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach by collecting data through in-depth interviews with MSME Owner, Resellers, and Consumers.  Results of this research that the implementation of the international marketing mix strategy in “Bawang Kita” MSMEs is effective in terms of every aspect of the marketing mix which is supported by data on sales, production and distribution as well as the ability to purchase new machines. However, in the SWOT analysis carried out by researchers, there are still weaknesses in the implementation of the marketing mix carried out by MSME “Bawang Kita”. Thus, the implementation of the marketing mix strategy in “Bawang Kita” MSMEs must be further improved

The marketing process in Islamic economics must be implemented correctly, and in accordance with sharia principles. In distributing products, it must be evenly distributed so that all people can enjoy the product. This research is about e-marketing analysis in increasing sales on shopping applications. The purpose of this research is to find out how marketing strategies increase sales on the Belanjo application. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with primary and secondary data types. The data collection technique in this research uses observation, interview and documentation techniques.The research results show the marketing mix strategy implemented by Belanjo to increase sales, including product availability, price, promotion and place. Supporting and inhibiting factors for the marketing mix strategy implemented by Belanjo in increasing sales, including supporting, conducting socialization and collaboration and increasing employee skills and knowledge. obstacles, low consumer buying interest and the marketing area for chips is still limited. Marketing mix strategies viewed from an Islamic Economics Perspective include: Always decorating charity with the intention of worship and sincerity. Transparency, and the goods are halal and not harmful. Carrying out honest distribution methods, not reducing size, standards, quality and scales fraudulently. Being responsible for the goods received. distributed fairly, and not doing things that are prohibited in Islam. Please help, tolerate and give alms. Never neglect worship because of distribution activities. Ikhtikar is prohibited because it will cause price increases. Seek reasonable profits. Widespread distribution of wealth. Social equality. 

This study aims to explore the impact of marketing mix implementation on the results and level of satisfaction of patients being treated at a public hospital. By collecting data through questionnaires and statistical analysis, this research evaluates the relationship between marketing mix elements (product, price, promotion and distribution) with patient treatment outcomes and their level of satisfaction. The findings from this study provide valuable insights for hospitals in improving service quality and patient satisfaction.    

Based on the results of this research, it is revealed that 1) According to the Islamic economics perspective, increasing sales at Miki Jaya grocery stalls is a strategy of product, price, place/distribution and promotion or 4P. The strategy used is in accordance with the provisions of Islamic sharia because it imitates the nature of marketing carried out by the Prophet Muhammad SAW. 2) The marketing strategy for increasing sales according to an Islamic economics perspective is using the 4Ps (product), price, place, promotion. 3) Analysis of marketing strategies for increasing sales at Miki Jaya grocery stalls Hutarimbaru Village, Barumun District, according to an Islamic economic perspective, is in accordance with the analysis carried out by researchers that the marketing strategy used by the Miki Jaya grocery store using a marketing mix strategy or 4P (product, price, place, and promotion) is in accordance with the Islamic economic perspective which uses the principles honesty, transparency in doing business so that it becomes a marketing difference between Miki Jaya grocery stalls and other stalls.

Environmental degradation and poverty remain pressing challenges in Indonesia, exacerbated by rapid economic growth and resource exploitation. The increasing demand for sustainable development has highlighted the need for alternative financial models that integrate both economic growth and environmental protection. Sharia-based green investments have emerged as a promising solution, offering a framework that aligns ethical considerations with sustainability goals. This study examines the impact of Sharia-based green investments on social welfare and environmental sustainability in Indonesia, with a focus on reducing income inequality and fostering community development. Using a mixed-method approach, including quantitative analysis of secondary data on green investment performance and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders, the research evaluates how these investments contribute to enhancing income equality, providing access to renewable energy, and promoting sustainable economic activities. Findings show that Sharia-based green investments not only improve income distribution, especially in rural areas and small businesses, but also contribute to environmental sustainability through renewable energy projects and eco-friendly infrastructure. The study also compares the environmental benefits of Sharia-based investments with conventional models, emphasizing their superior alignment with long-term sustainability goals. The research underscores the potential of Sharia-based green investments as a model for inclusive economic growth and environmental protection, supporting Indonesia’s progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Plana Village is located in Somagede District, Banyumas Regency, 25 Km or around 36 minutes from the Nahdlatul Ulama University Purwokerto campus, with an area of 340,646 Km2 and a population of 3,680 people. Based on village potential data in Banyumas Regency, Plana Village is one of the underdeveloped villages where the majority of the population makes their living as farmers. Brown sugar production is a community business in Plana Village that has the potential to be developed but has many obstacles, including financial record keeping which is still very simple, the resulting product packaging still uses banana leaves or makeshift plastic bags, does not yet have a brand and product label, limited marketing scope, channels long distribution and minimal price information resulting in low selling prices which then makes the business considered unprofitable. Based on several of these problems, the aim of the PKM Team is to socialize the implementation of SAK EMKM and marketing mix strategies to increase profitability to realize the independence of coconut sap farmers in Plana Village, Somagede District. The actions that will be taken are to provide socialization and assistance regarding the preparation of financial reports based on SAK EMKM and running a business using a marketing mix strategy, namely by (1) The quality of the products produced by coconut sap farmers must continue to be maintained, (2) Pay attention to prices, where these prices must be higher than production costs. However, prices must also be taken into account according to the quality of the product, (3) The marketing location must be easily accessible to consumers, both physical locations and using digital models, (4) Provide input regarding promotions carried out both physically and digitally.

There are many strategies that can be used to increase sales volume and attract customers. Marketing generally focuses on products, pricing, distribution policies, and also how to promote. The purpose of this study is to determine the marketing strategy that can increase sales volume at PT Panjimas Textile in Gresik city. This type of research is descriptive research. The research method used is through interviews, documents, and observation results. The subject of this research is the export marketing division employee staff at PT Panjimas Textile. The object of this research is PT Panjimas Textile. The results showed that the strategy used by PT Panjimas Textile is to implement the marketing mix or marketing 4p which includes Product, Price, Place, Promotion to increase export sales volume. The conclusion of this study is that the strategy used is the application of the 4p marketing mix successful in increasing the volume of export sales at PT Panjimas Textile.

This research explores the application of Monte Carlo Simulation in estimating portfolio risk in the Indonesian stock market. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of this method in predicting portfolio return distribution and managing risk compared to traditional methods like Value at Risk (VaR). Data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were used to analyze stock returns, focusing on sectors such as telecommunications and property. Monte Carlo Simulation was applied to generate multiple scenarios of stock returns based on historical data and probabilistic distributions. The findings show that Monte Carlo Simulation provides a more comprehensive risk estimation, especially for stocks with high volatility and small market capitalization. Unlike VaR, which assumes a normal distribution, Monte Carlo Simulation accounts for extreme risk events and market uncertainties. The study also highlights the importance of diversification, as portfolios with a mix of high and low volatility stocks demonstrate a more stable risk profile. The results suggest that Monte Carlo Simulation is an effective tool for investors looking to manage risk in dynamic market conditions, providing more accurate and reliable estimations compared to traditional risk assessment methods. This research recommends further exploration of Monte Carlo Simulation in other sectors or with varied data for broader applications in risk management.

This study aims to determine the effect of the marketing mix on consumer decisions at kesu t-shirt distribution in North Toraja. The research data was obtained by using a questionnaire, documentation and direct observation on the kesu t-shirt distribution. The research method used in this research is quantitative research with a total sample of 57 people. The data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression with statistical calculation tools using SPSS version 26. The results of this study obtained the equation Y = 4.172 + 0.105X1 + 0.222X2 + 0.215X3 + 0.095X4. Products influence consumer decisions. Prices affect consumer decisions. Promotion influences consumer decisions. Place influences consumer decisions. Products, prices, promotions, places influence consumer decisions at kesu t-shirt distributions. The determination result (R2) of 0.822 or 82.2% means that the dependent variable namely consumer decision (Y) can be explained by the independent variables product (X1), price (X2), promotion (X3), place (X4). While the remaining 17.8% is explained by other variables outside the variables used.    

Soil pH value either with KCl solution or with H2O are two important indicators needed to describe soil acidity. This study aims to determine the distribution of soil pH values in smallholder rubber plantations with different land topography classes in Pelepat Ilir Subdistrict, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province. The study used a survey method with a toposequence concept approach at a semi-detailed level, where observation points were made based on the upper tread polypedon, middle tread polypedon, and lower tread polypedon at each level of percent slope 15-24%, 8-15%, and 3-8%, and flat tread polypedon at a percent slope of 0-3%. Ten composite soils were taken from a mixture of 3 individual soil samples at each polypedon using a soil drill at a depth of 0-30 cm from the soil surface. Soil pH value analysis was conducted in the laboratory on each composite. The results showed that the pH value of the soil with 1:2 H2O solution was very acidic, and acidic for 1:2.5 KCl solution. The distribution of soil pH values showed that the lower slope had a higher pH value than the middle slope, and the upper slope had the lowest pH. Soil pH values decreased as the slope increased, and soils with flat topography were considered more fertile than those with high slopes. This result can be a recommendation in determining liming and fertilization doses, where higher doses are required for high slope soils than flat soils for optimum agricultural yields.

Stroke is a disease that is the third leading cause of death in the world after heart disease and cancer. Stroke is also the world's leading cause of serious and permanent disability. In the world stroke attacks occur in more than 15 million people each year. Of these 15 million people, 5 million die, and others survive, but experience permanent disability and live dependent on family and society, and a small percentage of people recover as before the stroke (WHO, 2010) to prevent the risk of excessive falls, physiotherapy has a way to prevent it through the Fukuda TEST. This study used a mix-method research design. The participants in this study were parties related to the problem of fall risk prevention, including the community around Tugurejo Semarang Hospital, local government, health cadres and community leaders. Qualitative data collection techniques used structured interview guides and observation and quantitative data in the form of Fukuda Test measurements on the community and IFI members who were present. After the data was obtained, FGD (Focus Group Discussion) was conducted with local government, health cadres and community leaders with the aim of validating the data that had been obtained. A total of 62 patients with unilateral BPPV were included in our study (35 female/27 male). The mean age was 45.3 years (range 23-67 years). Of these patients 51 (83.6%) were posterior and 11 (16.4%) were lateral canal BPPV. Two groups were created due to the FST results. Group 1 consisted of 33 (53.2%) patients with positive FST results and Group 2 consisted of 29 (46.8%) patients with negative FST results. No statistically significant differences were found between the gender and age distributions in Group 1 and Group 2, p=0.7943 and p=0.5262, respectively (Table 1). In addition, the ratio of FST positive and FST negative BPPV patients was not statistically significant. will cause daily activities to be disrupted then Qualitative data processing was carried out using the advocacy method according to the Covey and Miller advocacy framework, so as to obtain complete information related to the root causes of problems to the preparation of fall risk prevention strategies. Based on the results of data processing according to the Covey and Miller advocacy framework, the data is then analyzed through three stages: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. This research will be conducted at RSUD Tugu, Semarang City, conducted by physiotherapy in collaboration with STIKES KESDAM IV Diponegoro students.

Soil pH value either with KCl solution or with H2O are two important indicators needed to describe soil acidity. This study aims to determine the distribution of soil pH values in smallholder rubber plantations with different land topography classes in Pelepat Ilir Subdistrict, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province. The study used a survey method with a toposequence concept approach at a semi-detailed level, where observation points were made based on the upper tread polypedon, middle tread polypedon, and lower tread polypedon at each level of percent slope 15-24%, 8-15%, and 3-8%, and flat tread polypedon at a percent slope of 0-3%. Ten composite soils were taken from a mixture of 3 individual soil samples at each polypedon using a soil drill at a depth of 0-30 cm from the soil surface. Soil pH value analysis was conducted in the laboratory on each composite. The results showed that the pH value of the soil with 1:2 H2O solution was very acidic, and acidic for 1:2.5 KCl solution. The distribution of soil pH values showed that the lower slope had a higher pH value than the middle slope, and the upper slope had the lowest pH. Soil pH values decreased as the slope increased, and soils with flat topography were considered more fertile than those with high slopes. This result can be a recommendation in determining liming and fertilization doses, where higher doses are required for high slope soils than flat soils for optimum agricultural yields.

Drug management is a cycle including selection, procurement, distribution and use which is supported by an appropriate organizational structure, finances and management information system. The aim of this research is to determine drug management in the Pharmacy Installation at RSUD dr. Soeratno Gemolong, Sragen Regency.This research uses prospective and retrospective methods. Where retrospective data is taken from 2022 data. Prospective data is taken through direct observation. The results of this research are: the percentage of available funds and the required funds is 80%, the percentage of procurement and actual use is 98%, invoice errors are 0.47%, there are no delayed payments by hospitals, compatibility between drugs and stock cards is 100% , drug availability level of 16 months, warehouse management system with FIFO, FEFO and LASA marking systems, average time used to serve compounded prescriptions is 11 minutes and non-mixed prescriptions is 7 minutes, conformity of drug items with the National Formulary is 93%, frequency of procurement of each drug item 4-6x a year, turn over ratio 3 times, percentage of expired and damaged drug value 5.05%, dead stock percentage 3%, number of drug items per prescription sheet 3.5 items, percentage of prescriptions with generic names 88%. These results indicate that drug management in the Pharmacy Installation at RSUD dr. Soeratno Gemolong, Sragen Regency is not yet good.

Warung Makan Mbah Sum is a business operating in the culinary sector which was founded in 1990 and produces food and drinks. The aim of this research is to find out and analyze the business development strategy carried out by Warung Makan Mbah Sum to increase its income. Warung Makan Mbah Sum is located on Jl Husnitamrin RT 08/RW 04, Saditan Brebes. This research aims to analyze and implement the marketing mix at Warung Makan Mbah Sum. Marketing mix variables consist of product, price, promotion and distribution. The method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. Data sources were obtained from observation, interviews and documentation. The object in preparing this research is business development strategies to increase income at the Mbah Sum Saditan Brebes Food Stall. The results of research in the field state that the business development strategy carried out by Warung Makan Mbah Sum is increasing product variants, maintaining low prices, improving service quality, and using new sales concepts. The obstacles faced by Warung Makan Mbah Sum in developing its business are lack of operational management, lack of facilities for eating on site, and pressure from outside (competitors). If seen from a strategy perspective, Warung Makan Mbah Sum has been able to develop its business to increase income.    

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the marketing mix (marketing mix) which includes product, price, distribution and promotion both partially and simultaneously on purchasing decisions. This type of research is quantitative with customer respondents at PT. Haruman Multi Artha totaling 40 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 test tool. The results showed that (1) there was a positive and significant effect of the product on the purchasing decision of PT. Haruman Multi Artha, with a p-value of 0.004 <0.05. (2) There is a positive and significant price effect on purchasing decisions of PT. Haruman Multi Artha, with a p-value of 0.041 <0.05. (3) There is a positive and significant effect of the product on purchasing decisions of PT. Haruman Multi Artha, with a p-value of 0.013 <0.05. (4) There is a positive and significant price effect on purchasing decisions of PT. Haruman Multi Artha, with a p-value of 0.042 <0.05. (5) There is a significant influence of the marketing mix which includes product, price, distribution and promotion simultaneously on purchasing decisions of PT. Haruman Multi Artha, with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05.