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The "Desa Sehat Berdaya: Digital-Based Health and Local Economy Innovation" program was implemented in Bulawan 2 Village to address low awareness of preventive health, Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors (PHBS), and limited social education for children and adolescents on bullying, early marriage, and drug abuse (NAPZA). The goal was to improve public health through promotive-preventive interventions, enhance health cadre capacity for sustainable village programs, and increase understanding of healthy behaviors and social risks among youth. A participatory-collaborative approach was used, involving community organization, multi-party coordination, program presentation, intervention implementation, evaluation, and follow-up with health cadres, alongside simple digital media utilization. Results showed increased community participation in posyandu, healthy exercises, and free health checkups, as well as improved cadre capacity through MP-ASI training. For youth, PHBS socialization, anti-bullying, early marriage education, and NAPZA awareness enhanced understanding of healthy behaviors and social issues. Collaboration with Karang Taruna strengthened youth participation and social cohesion.

Online gambling has emerged as a growing public health and social concern, particularly in developing countries with rapid digitalization such as Indonesia. Increased internet accessibility, mobile device usage, and financial technology services have facilitated the widespread adoption of online gambling across diverse age groups, including adolescents. This study aims to investigate the phenomenon of online gambling and identify key determinants contributing to addictive gambling behavior. The method used is a narrative literature review, synthesizing findings from national and international studies related to online gambling, behavioral addiction, psychological mechanisms, and socio-environmental factors. The findings indicate that online gambling addiction is influenced by multiple interrelated determinants, including economic pressure, cognitive distortions such as illusion of control, low legal awareness, environmental exposure, and technological features embedded in gambling platforms. Neurobiologically, repetitive gambling behavior is reinforced by dysregulation of the brain’s reward system, particularly dopamine pathways, which strengthens compulsive engagement despite adverse consequences. Psychosocial impacts include increased risk of anxiety, depression, financial instability, social isolation, and criminal behavior. The study also highlights that adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to developmental factors and peer influence. The implications of these findings emphasize the need for comprehensive prevention strategies involving stricter legal enforcement, public education, mental health interventions, family support, and technological regulation. A multidisciplinary and public health–oriented approach is essential to reduce the prevalence of online gambling addiction and mitigate its long-term psychological, social, and economic consequences.

Adolescence is a crucial period in human development, characterized by biological, psychological, and social changes. At this stage, adolescents require proper understanding of reproductive health to prevent risky behaviors and to support the development of healthy and responsible attitudes. This community service activity aimed to improve students’ knowledge of reproductive health through socialization at State Vocational High School (SMKN) 1 Mempura, Siak Regency. The method used was descriptive qualitative with a focus on education through material delivery, interactive discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. The activity was conducted on August 14, 2025, at the SMKN 1 Mempura Hall, involving 39 students out of 50 targeted participants. Data were obtained through observation of students’ participation and documentation of the activity, and were then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that students were enthusiastic in attending the socialization and demonstrated improved understanding of reproductive health concepts, reproductive organ functions, personal hygiene, and the risks of unsafe sexual behaviors. The interactive discussion also revealed students’ willingness to ask questions and share perspectives, reflecting stronger attitudes and confidence in maintaining reproductive health. In conclusion, the socialization of reproductive health at SMKN 1 Mempura successfully enhanced students’ knowledge and awareness. Despite limitations in terms of time allocation and long-term evaluation, this activity provided tangible benefits. Future efforts are recommended to develop sustainable programs supported by additional learning media and closer collaboration with the school.

Adolescents require higher levels of nutrients for physical growth and development, but the current trend is for adolescents to prefer instant foods such as junk food, spicy foods and foods containing unhealthy additives. This has led to the emergence of various diseases, one of which is gastritis. This condition is even more risky for female students living in Islamic boarding schools with busy activities and irregular meal schedules, thus requiring efforts to prevent gastritis. This study aims to determine the gastritis prevention behaviour of female students at Ma'had Asy-Syakur MAN 2 Kediri. This study uses a descriptive design with one variable, namely gastritis prevention behaviour. The research population consisted of students living at Ma'had Asy-Syakur MAN 2 Kediri, with a total of 59 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a gastritis prevention behaviour questionnaire. The results showed that almost all respondents (81.36%) had gastritis prevention behaviours in the adequate category, with a small portion in the good category (18.64%). The female students' busy and well-scheduled activities, accompanied by the implementation of discipline, regular meal arrangements, and the provision of stomach-friendly menus, contributed to the formation of gastritis prevention behaviour. The most common preventive behaviour was avoiding spicy foods, due to habits, taste preferences, and socio-cultural factors that had been established. This study recommends the need for health education that not only focuses on increasing knowledge but also changing attitudes and habits so that gastritis prevention behaviour can be further optimised.

Health anxiety is a psychological condition characterized by excessive and persistent worry about having or developing a serious illness despite the absence of objective medical evidence. Among adolescents, health anxiety often manifests through recurrent somatic complaints that lead to repeated visits to primary health care services. This study aims to describe the dynamics of health anxiety in an adolescent and to examine the early response to a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered in a primary health care setting. This research employed a clinical case study design with a descriptive qualitative approach supported by quantitative assessment data. The participant was an adolescent presenting with recurrent physical complaints without identifiable medical pathology. Data were collected through clinical interviews, behavioral observation, and standardized psychological instruments, namely the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI-18) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15). Quantitative analysis focused on pre- and post-intervention score comparison, calculation of change scores, and the Reliable Change Index to evaluate individual-level change. The findings revealed a high level of health anxiety accompanied by low severity of somatic symptoms, indicating that psychological distress was primarily driven by maladaptive cognitive interpretations rather than physical pathology. Following the CBT intervention, a reduction in health anxiety scores was observed, reflecting an early improvement, although the change did not reach statistical significance based on the Reliable Change Index. These results suggest that CBT may produce meaningful early changes in health anxiety when implemented in primary health care settings, even with brief intervention formats. The study highlights the importance of early psychological assessment and intervention for adolescents with recurrent somatic complaints and supports the integration of mental health services within primary health care. However, findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the single-case design, and further research with larger samples and longitudinal follow-up is recommended

Bullying is a form of aggressive behavior commonly experienced by adolescents and has significant impacts on both physical and mental health. Schools, as primary social environments for teenagers, often become settings where bullying occurs. Several factors contribute to this behavior, particularly peer influence, family roles, and social media use. This study aimed to analyze factors related to bullying behavior among adolescents in a junior high school, including respondent characteristics, peer influence, family roles, and social media usage, as well as their relationships with bullying behavior. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 71 eighth-grade students as respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed with the Chi-Square test. The results showed significant relationships between peer factors (p=0.003), family roles (p<0.001), and social media use (p=0.001) with bullying behavior. A large proportion of respondents reported high social media usage (45.1%) and low family involvement (45.1%), while more than half (53.5%) were categorized as being at risk of engaging in bullying behavior. These findings indicate that adolescents are strongly influenced by their social environment, both offline and online. Negative peer interactions and limited family supervision can increase the likelihood of bullying behavior. In conclusion, peer factors, family roles, and social media use are significantly associated with bullying among adolescents. Therefore, collaboration between families, schools, and communities is essential through psychosocial assessments, increased family involvement, and character education programs to prevent and reduce bullying behavior.

In Indonesia, mental health issues among adolescents are prevalent. Mental health of both victims and offenders is affected by bullying, and it could lead to ongoing mental health issues such as worry and sadness. The objective of this study is to investigate the connection between bullying and teenage mental health in SMP Negeri 2 Blang Bintang. The study was implemented from June 17 to June 19, 2025, using a cross-sectional design and a quantitative research methodology. A sample of 60 teenagers was chosen via proportional random sampling from the total population of 151 adolescents.The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ 12) and the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) were the research tools utilized. The chi-squared test was used to evaluate the data. The findings revealed that out of 54 victims of bullying, the majority (48 individuals or 88.9%) had impaired mental health. Conversely, among 6 non-victims, most (5 individuals or 83.3%) did not have impaired mental health. The chi-square test indicated p = 0.001, meaning bullying victims and mental health are significantly correlated.. Additionally, among 49 bullying perpetrators, most (46 individuals or 93.9%) had impaired mental health, while among 11 non-perpetrators, most (8 individuals or 72.7%) did not have impaired mental health. The chi-square test also showed p = 0.001, indicating a strong correlation between the mental health of bullies and their behavior. The researchers recommend the importance of maintaining mental health and collaborating across various sectors to reduce bullying behavior.

Background: Clean and Healthy Living Behavior in Indonesia includes household.. In Indonesia, the level of knowledge and handwashing behavior of is still relatively low, an indication can be seen from the high prevalence of diarrhea. Research Objective: to determine the Relationship of Information Sources to Knowledge and Behavior of Adolescents About Clean Living in Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District. Research Method: This type of research uses Quasi Experiment One Group PreTest-PostTest Non Control Group, namely research with one subject who is given treatment or intervention before and after treatment. The population in this study is the community in this case adolescents in Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, totaling 45 people. Sampling uses a total sampling technique. There are 3 research instruments used in this study including: respondent characteristic questionnaire, PHBS knowledge and health promotion educational video about PHBS. Data analysis using univariate in percentage and bivariate using Willcoxon Test. Results: the results of the study revealed the level of knowledge of the community before health promotion regarding PHBS, of the 45 respondents studied as many as 2 respondents (4.4%) had insufficient knowledge, 14 respondents (31.1%) had sufficient knowledge, and 29 respondents (64.4%) had good knowledge. From the results of the study, it was known that the level of knowledge of the community after health promotion regarding PHBS, of the 45 respondents studied as many as 17 respondents (37.8%) had good knowledge, 20 respondents (44.4%) had sufficient knowledge, and 8 respondents (17.8%) had insufficient knowledge. This is demonstrated by the results of the Wilcoxon ρ test (Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed) = 0.000 <0.05, indicating a relationship.

This study aims to describe the application of role-playing techniques in group guidance to improve self-confidence in adolescents at Rantepao Christian High School. A descriptive qualitative approach was used with eight eleventh-grade students with low self-confidence, identified through initial observations and interviews. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation during eight group guidance sessions, and documentation such as student reflection journals. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that role-playing techniques were effective in improving students' self-confidence, as evidenced by increased active participation, group speaking skills, and positive self-expression post-intervention. Students were initially hesitant and shy, but after role-playing in social scenarios such as presentations and peer interactions, they showed significant behavioral changes. Supporting factors included a supportive group atmosphere and positive feedback from counselors and peers. This study contributes to guidance and counseling practices in Christian schools, emphasizing the importance of experiential methods such as role-playing for adolescents in the North Toraja community. Practical implications are recommended for guidance and counseling teachers to integrate this technique into student self-development programs.

Forgiveness can be described as a response given by someone who has experienced hurt in order to avoid revenge and expressions of anger towards the perpetrator, while choosing to show compassion, affection, love, and positive behavior. One of the factors that influence forgiveness is emotional intelligence, which includes an individual's ability to motivate themselves, show resilience to failure, control emotions, maintain satisfaction, and regulate psychological conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and the level of forgiveness among high school students in Montong District. This research is non experimental with a correlational analytical design using a cross sectional approach. The research population included 592 high school students in Montong District. The sampling technique applied was probability sampling with cluster random sampling, resulting in a sample of 239 students. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires that measured emotional intelligence and forgiveness. The results of the analysis using the Spearman test at α = 0.05 showed p = 0.000 < 0.05 with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.389, indicating a low relationship between the two variables, thus accepting the hypothesis. Based on this description, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and the level of forgiveness among high school students in Montong District.

The diversity of social media used by teenagers today can influence Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) behavior, a condition where someone feels left out of information, trends, or activities carried out by others. This condition is characterized by fear, anxiety, difficulty controlling the desire to stay connected, and a tendency to compare oneself with others on social media. Teenagers are the group most vulnerable to FoMO due to their high intensity of social media use and their still-developing social needs. This reseach seeks to examine the association between scial media diversity and FoMO behavior among eleventh-grade student at SMAN 4 Tuban. The study employed a quantitative analytic design using a cross-sectional approach. The research population consists of all 11th grade students, totaling 157 respondents, selected using simple random sampling. The instruments used are a social media diversity questionnaire and a FoMO behavior questionnaire. Data analysis uses the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the study show a p-value of 0.000, which means p < 0.05, so H1 is accepted. This shows that there is a significant relationship between social media diversity and FoMO behavior in adolescents. The more diverse the social media platforms used, the higher the tendency for adolescents to experience FoMO. Based on these results, it can be concluded that social media diversity influences FoMO behavior among 11th grade students at SMAN 4 Tuban.

This study aims to analyze the effect of social media advertising exposure and digital financial literacy on consumptive behavior, with self-control as a mediating variable among 11th grade high school students in Kotabumi Selatan District. This quantitative study involved 267 respondents from five public and private high schools selected using proportional sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that exposure to social media advertising has a significant positive effect on consumptive behavior, indicating that higher advertising exposure increases students’ tendency toward excessive consumption. However, advertising exposure does not have a significant effect on self-control. Digital financial literacy has a significant positive effect on self-control, but does not directly influence consumptive behavior. Furthermore, self-control has a significant negative effect on consumptive behavior and plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital financial literacy and consumptive behavior. These findings confirm that strengthening digital financial literacy is crucial for improving adolescents’ self-control and reducing consumptive behavior in the digital era.

Vaping is when you inhale a mist through a power based device, filled with flavourings, chemicals, and nicotine (Texas Health and Human Services, nd). Teenagers tend to vape due to external influences such as advertisements and social interactions, which has a significant contribution in the role of gaining societal acceptance of vaping amongst teenagers (CDC, nd). However its use in teenagers is illegal as per the Indonesian Government Regulation Number 109 2012, which restricts individuals below 18 years old from vaping. A study conducted in 2018 has reported that teenagers have started vaping from 2017. Despite rules and regulations, teenagers are still able to access it which makes the law enforcement ineffective that leads to teenagers being able to have access to vapes. This research will investigate the influence of social media and peer pressure on underage vaping, focusing on how contents on social media, their peers along with social interactions shape the perspective and behaviour of a teenager towards vaping. This following topic is important as social media plays a significant role in the normalisation of vaping despite harmful effects. It aims to recognize how social media and interactions among fellow peers influence a teenager. With the use of qualitative and quantitative methods such as surveys and interviews, it will also apply theories from 3 thinkers to have a better understanding of a teenager’s decision.

HIV and AIDS remain a public health challenge, particularly among adolescents who are vulnerable to risky behaviors. A lack of proper understanding of HIV and AIDS, along with persistent stigma against people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), potentially increases the risk of transmission and hinders prevention efforts. This activity aimed to improve adolescents' knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV and AIDS prevention through health education. The activity was conducted at Al-Hasra High School in Bojongsari District, Depok City, involving 25 students as participants. The method used was interactive education accompanied by pre-test and post-test evaluation. The evaluation results showed an increase in participants' knowledge after the intervention, as reflected in both average scores and the proportion of students in the good knowledge category. These findings demonstrate the critical role of health education in improving adolescents' understanding of HIV and AIDS prevention. Therefore, similar education activities should be conducted continuously as promotive and preventive efforts to reduce the risk of HIV transmission from adolescence.

Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is a public health issue influenced by various individual, social, and environmental factors. Changes in social norms, technological advancements, and limited reproductive health knowledge make adolescents a group vulnerable to risky sexual behavior. This study aims to examine the factors influencing premarital sexual behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), review national and international scientific articles published between 2013 and 2025. Data sources were abtained from Google Scholar and ScienceDirect, with inclusion criteria including articles in Indonesia and English, open access, full text, and relevant to HBM components. The study result indicate that factors such as perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and the quality of information play an important role in shaping adolescent sexual behavior. Low knowledge and limited perception oh the negative impacts of premarital sex increase the risk of engaging in risky sexual behavior. In addition, health promotion interventions based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) have been proven effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors regarding premarital sex among adolescents. Therefore, the HBM approach is recommended as a basis for developing comprehensive and sustainable adolescent reproductive health education and promotion programs.

Sleep is a fundamental biological need for adolescents and plays a crucial role in supporting cognitive function, emotional regulation, and overall mental health. Despite its importance, sleep quality among adolescents has increasingly declined due to the interaction of individual characteristics, social environments, and daily sleep behaviors. This article aims to analyze the factors influencing adolescent sleep quality using the Social Cognitive Theory framework through a literature review of national and international journals published between 2021 and 2025. The findings show that adolescent sleep quality is shaped by personal factors, including attitudes toward sleep, self-efficacy, and psychological conditions. Environmental factors, such as parental support, peer influence, and academic demands, also significantly affect sleep patterns. In addition, behavioral factors, particularly sleep hygiene practices, play a key role in determining sleep quality. Consistently, unhealthy sleep behaviors are associated with poor sleep quality. Therefore, comprehensive interventions are needed, involving the improvement of sleep habits, strengthening adolescents’ self-regulation abilities, and enhancing family and school support to promote better sleep quality.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints globally and is the main cause of decreased work productivity. One of the risk factors that has been widely studied in the literature is prolonged sitting duration. Prolonged sitting activities cause increased static pressure on the lumbar spine, fatigue of the supporting muscles, as well as a decrease in local blood flow that can trigger chronic pain. This study is a literature review with a meta-analytical approach that aims to analyze the relationship between long-term sitting and the incidence of LBP. The review process was carried out following PRISMA guidelines through searches on PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for publication in 2020–2025. Of the 20 previous studies analyzed, most showed a positive association between sitting time and an increased risk of LBP, both in adults, adolescents, and children. Sitting for more than 6 hours per day increases the risk of LBP by 33%, especially in individuals with low physical activity. In addition, longer sitting durations with poor posture and minimal active rest were found in the group of office workers and professional drivers who had a high prevalence of LBP. Physical activity has been shown to play a protective role against the risk of LBP, while ergonomic interventions such as lumbar support can reduce pain complaints. Although most studies were observational, the consistency of results supports the importance of prevention through reduced sitting time, increased physical activity, and ergonomic work environment settings. These findings provide a scientific basis for multidimensional interventions to effectively reduce the incidence of LBP.  

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a reproductive health problem that is still common among adolescents and can have serious impacts if not handled properly. Low levels of knowledge and unfavorable attitudes towards STIs have the potential to increase risky behavior among students. Objectives. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of students towards sexually transmitted infections at MAS Darul Mursyid. Methods. This study employed a cross-sectional methodology and a quantitative descriptive design. All MAS Darul Mursyid students were included in the study population, and a total sampling procedure was used to pick 149 respondents. A questionnaire with 20 statements about knowledge and 10 statements about attitudes around STIs was used to collect data. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data univariately, and the results were displayed as percentages and frequency distributions. Results and Discussion. According to the findings, 78 respondents (52.3%) had an adequate level of understanding, followed by 63 respondents (42.3%) in the poor category and 8 respondents (5.4%) in the good category. In the meanwhile, most students had a favorable opinion of STI prevention. Conclusion: Even though the majority of respondents expressed support for STI prevention initiatives, additional health education and instruction are still required to give students a more thorough grasp of STI prevention.

Internet use in Indonesia is highest among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. Internet use can have a negative impact if users do not use social media appropriately, such as cyberbullying behavior. One of the impacts of cyberbullying is self injury. This study aims to determine the relationship between cyberbullying and self injury in adolescents. Methods: This studyused a descriptive descriptive correlation design with a cross sectional approach. Respondents in the study amounted to 233students of SMAN 9 Pekanbaru with sampling techniques using stratified random sampling. Cyberbullying was measured using The Cyber Victim And Bullying Scale (CVBS) questionnaire, and self injury was measured using the Self Harm Inventory (SHI). Data were analyzed using chi-square. Results: The majority adolescents have experienced cyberbullying actions moderate 153 (65.7%) and majority adolescents have experienced mild self injury 161 respondents (69.1%). Chi square analysis showed a significant relationship between cyberbullying and self injury (p = 0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between cyberbullying and self injury in adolescents. Increasing positive activities for self-development can reduce the effects of cyberbullying such as self injury.

This study aims to identify factors associated with fast food consumption behavior among adolescents based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) through a literature review. A descriptive literature review was conducted using nine peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025, retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that adolescent fast food consumption behavior is influenced by two main components of SCT, namely personal factors and environmental factors. Personal factors were predominantly examined through the knowledge variable, which showed inconsistent associations with fast food consumption, while other personal variables, although mostly related, lacked consistent empirical support across studies. In contrast, environmental factors demonstrated more consistent associations, particularly peer influence, mass media exposure, parental influence, and pocket money, which were repeatedly identified as significant determinants of fast food consumption among adolescents. In conclusion, adolescent fast food consumption behavior is more strongly influenced by environmental factors than by personal factors, highlighting the importance of multi-level interventions that address social and environmental contexts in shaping healthy eating behaviors among adolescents.