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The era of digital disruption has given birth to the phenomenon of post-truth and massive disinformation, which triggers sharp political polarization on social media, thereby threatening democratic stability and social integration in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing Islamic political ethics (Siyasah Syar’iyah) and the transformation of Tabayyun values as instruments for mitigating information disorder in the digital public sphere. The rationale for this research is the urgent need for a robust ethical framework to complement technical-secular digital literacy, which has been deemed insufficient in curbing emotional sentiments and religious hoaxes. The research method employed is qualitative with a library research approach, integrating various contemporary scientific references from the last five years (2020-2025). The research findings indicate that Islamic political ethics offers a holistic solution through the reconstruction of transcendental values in cyberspace activities. The main finding (novelty) of this research is the "Cyber Activism Based on Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar" model, which synergizes the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), revelation-based media literacy, and moderate-characterized digital leadership. This model transforms netizens from mere information consumers into agents of "Digital Piety" who actively produce counter-narratives to create a civilized and integrated digital ecosystem.

This research aims to analyze the urgency of implementing Statement of Use, Declaration of Use, and Specimen of Use instruments as a means of supervising trademark use obligations in Indonesia. Currently, Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications (UU MIG) only requires a written statement of use without being accompanied by concrete evidence at the time of renewal applications. This creates a loophole for trademark registrations without the intent to use (non-use), which can hinder bona fide applicants.  This study employs a normative legal research method with a comparative law approach between the UU MIG and the Lanham Act (U.S. Trademark Act of 1946). The Lanham Act mandates proof of actual trademark use through a Statement of Use for intent-to-use applications, as well as a Declaration of Use for applications based on use-in-commerce, which must be submitted with a Specimen of Use as actual evidence of the trademark's use in trade.  The results indicate that the adoption of these instruments into the Indonesian legal system is urgent to strengthen the supervisory function of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP). This implementation would enable the DGIP to conduct administrative (ex-officio) trademark cancellations for non-use, thereby purging the trademark database of passive marks without having to rely on third-party lawsuits. This legal reform is in line with the legal development theory to encourage business actors to actively utilize the economic functions of trademarks.

The issue of illegal parking in the Pasar Jambi area remains unresolved despite various enforcement efforts carried out by the Jambi City Transportation Agency. Non-compliant parking practices, such as the presence of unauthorized parking attendants, the imposition of fees beyond official rates, and the lack of use of official attributes, indicate a discrepancy between established standards and actual field conditions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Transportation Agency’s supervision in controlling illegal parking in the Pasar Jambi area by applying George R. Terry’s supervision theory indicators. The research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach, using data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that supervision has been implemented through stages of setting standards, measuring performance, comparing implementation with standards, and taking corrective actions. However, the effectiveness of supervision is still not optimal. This is reflected in the persistent gap between standards and practices in the field, the limited number of supervisory personnel, and corrective actions that have not been consistently effective in creating a deterrent effect. Although enforcement has been carried out progressively through warnings, guidance, and direct actions, violations continue to occur repeatedly. The implications of this study highlight the need to strengthen consistency in supervision, enforce stricter sanctions, and enhance resource capacity so that supervision is not merely administrative but can create sustainable parking order.

This study examines thee regulations governing the post-notification obligation for share acquisitions from the perspective of competition law in Indonesia, as well as efforts to optimise it as an effective supervisory instrument. Indonesia adopts a post-notification system as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1999 and its implementing regulations, which require business entities to report acquisition transactions to the KPPU after the transaction has taken effect. Although this system provides flexibility for business entities, in practice there are a number of weaknesses, including its reactive nature, low levels of compliance, and limitations in the effectiveness of oversight in preventing anti-competitive effects. This study employs a normative legal method using legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches, as well as an analysis of KPPU decisions. The research findings indicate that the post-notification system is not yet optimal in maintaining healthy business competition. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen oversight mechanisms, improve business compliance, and update legal policies to be more adaptive, including the possibility of limited integration of pre-notification elements. It is hoped that these optimisations will enhance the effectiveness of acquisition control and prevent monopolistic practices and unhealthy business competition in Indonesia.

The rapid adoption of digital contracts in Indonesia demands a reliable document authentication system, one of which is through electronic stamps (e-meterai). However, the current e-meterai verification system remains centralized and exclusively managed by Perum Peruri, making it vulnerable to single point of failure risks and data manipulation. Blokchain technology, with its characteristics of decentralization, transparency, and data immutability, offers a technical solution that could potentially strengthen the integrity of this verification system. This article aims to examine the legal position of blokchain technology within Indonesia's existing e-meterai regulatory framework and to analyze the urgency of establishing specific regulations governing its use. The research employs a normative juridical method through statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal that blokchain currently occupies a legal grey area: technically compatible with the validity requirements of agreements under Article 1320 of the Civil Code and meeting the criteria for Electronic Information under Article 5 of the ITE Law, yet formally lacking explicit recognition due to its conflict with Perum Peruri's monopolistic authority established under Law Number 10 of 2020 on Stamp Duty. Four normative gaps are identified, encompassing the absence of evidentiary guarantees for blokchain-verified documents, the lack of mandatory standards for Electronic Certification Providers, the ambiguity in civil liability allocation for automated system failures, and the conflict between blokchain's immutability and the right to erasure under the Personal Data Protection Law. Comprehensive specific regulations constitute an urgent normative necessity to ensure legal certainty for Indonesia's digital contract ecosystem.

The transformation of public services has become a key priority in public administration reform, driven by growing public demands for government services that are more responsive, transparent, and oriented toward the public interest. In this context, the concept of Public Value Creation has emerged as an approach that emphasizes the creation of social value as the primary objective of public service delivery. This study aims to analyze the role of Public Value Creation as a conceptual framework in public service transformation oriented toward the public interest. The study employs a qualitative approach through a literature review, examining various relevant academic sources on public value theory, contemporary public administration, and public service transformation. The findings indicate that Public Value Creation plays a role in driving a paradigm shift in public service from an administrative bureaucratic orientation toward service focused on creating social benefits for the community. This approach also strengthens a community-centered service orientation, fosters collaboration between the government and various stakeholders, and supports public service innovation, including through the utilization of digital technology. The implications of this research suggest that the concept of public value can serve as a conceptual foundation for the government in designing more inclusive public service policies and innovations  

Floods are one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia and cause various social, economic, and environmental impacts on communities. In disaster situations, women often face greater vulnerability than men due to limited access to resources, high domestic responsibilities, and minimal protection in disaster policies. Although the government has adopted a gender mainstreaming policy in development, its implementation in disaster management policies remains suboptimal. This study aims to analyze how flood management policies integrate gender perspectives and identify the impacts of floods on women. The study used a qualitative approach using literature study methods and media content analysis to understand the dynamics of policies and women's experiences in disaster situations. The results show that disaster management policies still tend to focus on technical and infrastructure aspects, while women's specific needs are often overlooked, particularly regarding security in refugee camps, access to reproductive health services, and increased domestic burdens during crises. This condition indicates that the integration of a gender perspective in disaster policies still faces various structural and institutional barriers. Therefore, efforts are needed to strengthen the implementation of gender-responsive policies so that disaster management does not only focus on physical mitigation, but is also able to provide fairer and more inclusive protection for all community groups.

The problem of illegal temporary shelters (TPS) is one of the serious environmental issues in Jambi City. Danau Sipin District is the district with the highest number of illegal TPS in Jambi City, namely 13 points. This study aims to determine the performance of the Environmental Management, Supervision and Enforcement Division (P3HL) the Jambi City Environmental Service the productivity aspect of the problem of illegal TPS in Danau Sipin District using the theory of public organization performance by Agus Dwiyanto (2006) with primary focus on productivity indicators. This can be seen from the utilization of various inputs such as human resources consisting of 3 field officers, operational facilities in the form of 1 patrol car, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for supervision, as well as clear and easy public reporting mechanisms to produce various outputs in the form of field supervision activities, enforcement of regulations, education and socialization to the public, and follow-up public reports. Although these various activities have been carried out, the limited number of field officers and operational facilities has resulted in the intensity of supervision in the field not being able to be carried out optimally. The conclusion of this study shows that the performance the Environmental Arrangement, Supervision and Law Enforcement Division of the Jambi City Environmental Service in terms of productivity has been running well, but still requires improvement, especially in the addition of human resources and operational facilities so that supervision and enforcement of regulations against illegal TPS can be carried out more optimally.

The development of information technology has encouraged transformation in the administration and implementation of the judicial system in Indonesia, including within civil procedural law. The civil justice process, which has traditionally relied on manual procedures as regulated in the HIR and RBg, faces several limitations such as lengthy procedures, relatively high costs, and limited access for justice seekers. To address these challenges, the Supreme Court introduced the e-court system as part of judicial modernization through the digitalization of case administration and court proceedings. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of e-court in realizing procedural justice within civil procedural law and to examine the relationship between the classical procedural provisions contained in HIR/RBg and the newer regulations governing electronic court administration. The research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches by examining legal provisions and the concept of procedural justice within the judicial system. The findings indicate that the implementation of e-court reflects a paradigm shift in civil procedural law from a formalistic system toward a more digital and administrative system that improves efficiency in case administration and accelerates dispute resolution. However, this transformation also raises questions regarding the harmonization of legal norms between the regulations governing electronic court systems and the traditional civil procedural rules. Nevertheless, the implementation of e-court has positive implications for the realization of the principles of simple, fast, and low-cost justice while also improving public access to more effective and efficient judicial services.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of integrity and ethics among Civil Servants (ASN) in public service delivery at the 5 Ilir Subdistrict Office in Palembang City. The 5 Ilir area, which is located in an urban setting with high population density and dynamic socio-economic activities, requires subdistrict officials to provide fast, responsive, and citizen-oriented services. The study adopts a qualitative approach using purposive sampling, designating the Head of the Subdistrict as the key informant. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation of administrative service processes, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method to identify practices, values, and mechanisms related to the enforcement of integrity and ethics in public services. The results indicate that the implementation of integrity and ethics at the 5 Ilir Subdistrict Office is reflected in transparent standard operating procedures, an open queuing system, routine briefings, internal and external supervision mechanisms, and responsive leadership in addressing community issues, including the resolution of social conflicts and flood mitigation. The existence of a legal aid post further strengthens public access to justice. The enforcement of integrity is not merely normative but is systematically implemented through regulations, organizational culture, and oversight mechanisms. This study recommends strengthening the digitalization of public services as a strategy to enhance transparency, accountability, and service quality at the subdistrict level.

Criminal law policy in Indonesia saw significant modifications with the adoption of the new Criminal Code (KUHP), particularly with regard to the regulation of cohabitation and adultery. Because it directly affects people's private life and may have an impact on human rights protection, this arrangement has sparked discussion in the community. This study intends to investigate the application of the penal provisions of adultery and cohabitation in the new penal Code and examine its consequences for the protection of human rights. The research method applied was normative legal research with a legislative, conceptual, and human rights approach. The study's findings show that the regulation and implementation of laws relating to adultery and promiscuity can lead to issues in law enforcement, particularly those relating to the right to privacy, the proportionality of punishment principle, and the potential for actual abuse of power. The conclusion of this study underlines the necessity for the judicial implementation of the law and geared towards the protection of human rights, as well as the examination of criminal law policies to be in line with the ideals of the rule of law, democracy, and respect for individual freedom.

Learning English as a Foreign Language English as a Foreign Language still faces various linguistic and psychological challenges, both in school-age and adult learners, such as limited vocabulary mastery, pronunciation difficulties, and low confidence in the use of English orally. This condition is exacerbated by affective factors in the form of anxiety and fear of making mistakes. This article aims to examine the use of songs as a learning medium that is able to create a fun learning atmosphere, while improving learners' English skills. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of semi-structured interviews to explore learners' perceptions and experiences related to the effectiveness of songs in English language learning. Meanwhile, the data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns of learning experiences, especially in terms of vocabulary mastery, classroom atmosphere, and confidence level. The results showed that the integration of songs in English learning was highly motivating in the active involvement of learners. Where the repetition of lyrics combined with melodies helps to strengthen vocabulary retention in long-term memory, as well as facilitate the imitation of pronunciation, intonation, and rhythm of language naturally. At the same time, it creates a relaxed and fun learning atmosphere, thereby lowering psychological barriers as described in the Affective Filter Hypothesis. Thus, songs are an integrative learning medium that is effective in bridging the academic needs and emotional comfort of learners, and is relevant to support the development of listening and speaking skills in English learning across ages.

Bullying is a form of aggressive behavior that is intentionally and repeatedly carried out, characterized by an imbalance of power between the perpetrator and the victim. This phenomenon is not limited to childhood and adolescence but may also produce long term effects that extend into adulthood, including among university students. This study aims to explore the long term impact of bullying on victims’ mental health, with a particular focus on students who have experienced bullying in the past. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method using a literature review approach. Data were obtained through a comprehensive analysis of scientific articles, national and international journals, and previous studies related to bullying and mental health. The findings show that victims of bullying face a higher risk of psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder or PTSD, low self esteem, and difficulties in social interactions. These effects influence not only emotional well-being but also academic functioning, including reduced concentration, decreased learning motivation, and lower academic performance. In addition, prolonged psychological stress resulting from bullying may lead to physical problems, such as sleep disturbances and somatic complaints. Factors including limited social support, maladaptive coping strategies, and high intensity or prolonged exposure to bullying were found to intensify the negative impacts experienced by victims. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive prevention and intervention efforts in higher education settings, such as the provision of accessible counseling services, the implementation of strict anti bullying policies, and the strengthening of social support systems to minimize the long-term mental health effects of bullying among university students.  

This research aims to analyze the consistency of judges' legal reasoning in deciding land ownership disputes and its implications for the fulfillment of the principle of legal certainty. The primary focus of this study is directed at Decision Number 16/PDT/2020/PT PLG, where differences in legal perception or evidentiary evaluation occurred at the appellate level. Land disputes are a crucial issue that requires legal firmness to avoid uncertainty for justice seekers. The research method used is normative legal research with a case approach and a statutory approach. Data were sourced from secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the consistency of the judges' reasoning in Decision Number 16/PDT/2020/PT PLG depends heavily on the accuracy of assessing evidence, particularly documentary evidence (certificates) and witness testimony. Inconsistency between factual considerations and the application of legal norms has the potential to undermine the principle of legal certainty. This study concludes that strengthening the standards of legal reasoning based on the principle of ex aequo et bono and adherence to civil procedural law is absolutely necessary so that judicial decisions do not only resolve disputes procedurally but also provide certainty of ownership rights for thelitigating parties.

Sexual violence against children in Jambi City continues to show a fluctuating trend, with 32 cases in 2022, decreasing to 24 in 2023, and increasing again to 33 in 2024. This condition emphasizes the importance of strengthening cross-sector case handling between the UPTD PPA Jambi City and the Jambi Police in cases of sexual violence against children. This study aims to analyze the division of labor between the two institutions using the coordination theory according to Hasibuan (2006), which includes indicators of unity of action, communication, division of labor, and discipline. The method used is a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, documentation, and data triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results show that coordination between the UPTD PPA Jambi City and the Jambi Police has generally been running well, especially in the aspects of unity of action and discipline, as reflected in the alignment of goals and a fairly rapid response in handling cases. Communication between the two agencies has also been ongoing through formal and informal channels to expedite case response. The division of labor has been aligned with each agency's respective authority, with the UPTD PPA focusing on victim assistance and psychological support, while the police handle law enforcement. However, the lack of formal SOPs and MoUs poses a barrier to strengthening sustainable institutional integration. The implications of this research emphasize the need to strengthen formal mechanisms, regular evaluation forums, and formal cooperation agreements to enhance effective coordination and comprehensive protection for child victims.

This study examines the role of local governments in improving the quality of public services as part of an initiative to achieve responsive governance that prioritizes the public interest. This study departs from the limitations of previous research, which tends to focus on the technical aspects of service quality, while the strategic role of local governments as the primary actors in improving the quality of public services remains underexplored. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of local governments in improving the quality of public services and identify factors influencing the optimization of this role. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach through a literature review analyzing various secondary sources such as scientific books, national and international journals, regulations, and reports from relevant official institutions. The study findings indicate that local governments play a significant role in improving the quality of public services through three main dimensions: a community-focused service orientation, technology-based service innovation, and strengthening inclusive and collaborative service management. The integration of these three dimensions supports more efficient, transparent, and responsive public services to community needs. This research provides a conceptual contribution to the field of public administration, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the role of local governments as a key factor in sustainably improving the quality of public services.

This study aims to analyze legal protection for lenders in the terms and conditions clauses of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending platforms in Indonesia, particularly regarding the risk of default or breach of contract. The background of the study is based on the rapid growth of the P2P Lending fintech industry accompanied by an increase in the risk of default, as well as the potential imbalance in the lenders' bargaining position due to the use of standard clauses that are often detrimental. The results of this study reveal that of the 10 P2P Lending platforms that the author studied, none of the platforms can be said to have completely fulfilled all components of preventive and repressive protection as regulated by POJK No. 40 of 2024. This problem is exacerbated by the existence of exoneration clauses prohibited by POJK No. 22 of 2023 Article 46 paragraph (2), where platforms often unilaterally limit their responsibilities by transferring the risk of default entirely to lenders, thereby reducing consumer rights and violating the principle of consumer protection in Law No. 8 of 1999 Article 18 paragraph (1).

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal basis for the qualification of unlawful acts in disputes concerning the unilateral cancellation of life insurance policies by the insurer as reflected in Decision Number 5871 K/Pdt/2024. This research is a normative legal study with a prescriptive nature, employing both case and statutory approaches. The legal materials used in this study consist of primary and secondary legal materials which are analyzed qualitatively using the syllogistic method with deductive reasoning. The results of the study indicate that the qualification of an unlawful act in the a quo decision is based on a systematic interpretation of Article 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code, which is understood in relation to the binding source of agreements under Article 1339 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Furthermore, the existence of naturalia elements also emphasizes the presence of legal obligations inherent in an agreement even though they are not explicitly stated therein. In life insurance, the obligation to pay claims after the insured risk has occurred constitutes a normative consequence inherent in the policy; therefore, the unilateral cancellation of a life insurance policy fulfills the elements of an unlawful act as stipulated in Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code.

The phenomenon of mafqud (missing heirs) creates complex legal issues within Islamic inheritance law, particularly regarding the realization of justice and legal certainty in the distribution of estate assets. This study examines the legal position of mafqud as a temporary impediment in inheritance allocation and analyzes the procedural mechanisms applied by religious courts in determining mafqud status. Employing a normative juridical method, this research relies on primary legal materials, including the Qur’an, Hadith, classical fiqh references, and relevant judicial decisions, supported by secondary materials such as academic books and scholarly journals. The findings indicate that mafqud serves as a temporary barrier to inheritance distribution, requiring careful judicial assessment to ensure the protection of all heirs’ rights while remaining consistent with Islamic legal principles and the applicable national legal system. Therefore, structured and systematic procedures implemented by religious courts play an essential role in guaranteeing both justice and legal certainty in inheritance disputes involving mafqud.

The issuance of billboard installation permits is part of local government authority in regulating public space, maintaining public order, and ensuring legal certainty. This study examines the implementation of billboard permit administration under Serang City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2021. It applies an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews with relevant local officials and a review of applicable laws and supporting legal materials. The findings indicate that the permit process involves several agencies: the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office as the licensing authority, the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office for technical recommendations, the Regional Revenue Agency for tax collection, and the Municipal Police for supervision and enforcement. Although the regulatory framework is comprehensive, challenges remain, including inter-agency coordination, tax compliance, supervision effectiveness, and limited legal awareness among business actors. The study concludes that effective permit administration depends not only on clear regulations but also on strong institutional coordination and proper implementation.