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Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious infectious disease caused by bacteria, which can attack the respiratory system, namely the lungs. This disease annually contributes to the highest mortality in the world, including one of developing countries. To achieve successful treatment, patients must patiently take TB drugs thoroughly. There are several factors that influence the failure of treatment, namely from the patient himself, education, knowledge, and other social support.  The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge and motivation to adherence to taking medication for pulmonary tuberculosis patients in hospitals. H.Adam Malik in 2020.This type of research is descriptive correlation with cross sectional research design. The number of samples was 31 from April to June 2020. The research was conducted at RSUP. H. Adam Malik  at TB Polyclinic. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test to determine the relationship of Knowledge and Motivation to medication adherence in pulmonary TB patients.  Based on a hypothesis test using chi-square with a confidence level of 95%, there was no significant relationship between knowledge and medication adherence (p = 0.473). There was a significant relationship between motivation and medication adherence (p = 0.001). The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship of knowledge with adherence to taking medication and there is a relationship of motivation with adherence to taking medication in TB patients.

ABSTRACT Background: Background: Menarche is the first menstruation that occurs in every woman at different ages which generally occurs at the age of 12 years. Early menarche is the first menstruation that occurs in women under the age of 12 years which is influenced by several factors. In Indonesia, the youngest age of menarche is 9 years and the oldest is 18 years. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of early menarche in SDN 169 Pekanbaru students from nutritional status and family history, by taking primary data obtained directly from respondents. Method: Methods: This type of research uses quantitative with descriptive design. In this study, all students of SDN 169 Pekanbaru who had experienced menarche with the age of less than 12 years, were taken by means of a saturated sample with a total of 20 female respondents. Data processing is done manually and data analysis shows the results of the calculation of the frequency and percentage of results from the study. Results: The majority of female students who experienced early menarche in terms of nutritional status were 11 people (55%) with normal body mass index and viewed from family history as many as 10 people (50%) with family history of early menarche. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the most common cause of menarche early is due to the nutritional status of 11 people (55%). It is expected that this research for students of SDN 169 Pekanbaru can provide additional information about the causes of early menarche in terms of nutritional status and family history for students to know exactly what causes them to experience early menarche Keyword: Causes, Schollgirl, Early Menarche  

Basic sanitation is a community effort that focuses on controlling the physical structure, where people use it as a shelter that affects the degree of human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of basic sanitation facilities in Kairatu Village, Pakarena Coastal Area in 2021 which includes facilities for providing clean water, toilet and bathroom facilities, waste water management facilities and waste disposal facilities. This type of research is descriptive research, namely the research method carried out with the aim of making a description or descriptive of an objective situation. which was carried out in Kairatu Village, Pakarena Coastal Area in 2021. Provision of clean water facilities in Pakarena hamlet, there are 11 existing families, own property, odorless, colorless, tasteless while there are 4 existing families, but not their own, odorless, colorless and tasteless. On average, Pakarena hamlet residents have a latrine, the type of latrine used is goose neck and has a saptic tank of 14 families and 1 family who does not use a goose neck latrine. Waste water management facilities have not met the requirements. A total of 14 families of waste water are channeled into open sewers and 1 family has SPAL that does not pollute the water. Garbage disposal facilities do not meet the requirements, garbage boxes are not available at all and residents only throw garbage in rivers near settlements while some residents manage waste by burning so that it can pollute the environment.

The decrease in blood donors at UTD PMI occurred during the pandemic by 30% while the need for people who needed blood increased.  Youth is a group of potential donors.  Based on the results of a preliminary study, 90.3% of youth in Terong Dlingo Village Bantul have never donated blood.  Knowledge is closely related to the awareness of donating blood.  The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and interest in blood donation among youth in Sendangsari Hamlet during a pandemic.  The type of research used is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design.  The sample technique chosen is total sampling.  The results of the correlation test using the Kendall's tau-b test with a significance level of 5% there is a significant relationship between knowledge and interest in donating blood (p-value 0.006) and the correlation coefficient value of 0.314 which means it has a fairly strong close relationship.  There is a significant relationship between knowledge and interest in donating blood during the pandemic in youth in Sendangsari Hamlet, Terong Kapanewon Village, Dlingo, Bantul in 2021.  

More than 1 million sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occur every day. In one year there are an estimated 357 million new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. Sexually Transmitted Diseases are a type of reproductive tract infection (ISR) that is transmitted through sexual contact. This writing aims to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and gonorrhea in Lau Lugur Village, Salapian District, Langkat Regency in 2022. The independent variable is mothers' knowledge and attitudes in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and the dependent variable is Gonorrhea. The type of writing used is analytical observational with a cross sectional approach method. The population was 210 mothers and the sampling method used in this writing was Quota Sampling, taking the number of samples determined by the author, namely 33 mothers. The data used in this writing are primary data through questionnaires and checklists and secondary data obtained from the village head. The statistical test used is the chi-square statistical test α=0.000. The results of the analysis showed that of the 33 respondents there were 3 people (9.1%) who had good knowledge, 7 people (21.2%) who had sufficient knowledge. And 23 people (69.7%) had less knowledge. The chi-square statistical results showed that the knowledge value was p=0.000 and the attitude value was p=0.000< α=0.05, which means there is a relationship between mother's knowledge and attitude in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and gonorrhea. It is hoped that mothers in Lau Lugur Village, Salapian District, Regency Steps to increase knowledge about gonorrhea and attitudes towards preventing gonorrhea.

This classroom action research aims to improve the critical thinking skills of Palangka Raya 1 Public High School students. Critical thinking skills are one of the skills developed in the 21st century. Critical thinking skills are honed so that students can practice rational reasoning, with an emphasis on making decisions about what to believe or do. This type of research is classroom action research. The research was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya on the subject of Catholic Religion with material on the Church as Open Communion. The research subjects were class X students for the 2021/2022 academic year. The research instrument used a critical thinking skills questionnaire and observation of critical thinking skills in discussions. The data analysis technique uses a percentage formula. The results of this research are that in cycle I, of the 5 indicators of critical thinking skills, 3 indicators fall into the poor criteria and 2 indicators fall into the fairly good criteria. From the results of observations by colleagues who assessed the group's performance, 3 indicators fell into the fairly good criteria and 2 indicators fell into the not so good criteria. The score range comes in at a percentage of 55%-67%. In cycle II, of the 5 indicators of critical thinking skills, all indicators fall into very good criteria. From the results of peer observations, 5 indicators of critical thinking skills fall into very good criteria, namely in the range of 88% -92%.

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a non-communicable disease that is one of the main causes of premature death worldwide. Generally, hypertension is found in people with old age, but in its development, hypertension also affects people of reproductive age, such as women of childbearing age. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in WUS in the working area of ​​the Naibonat Health Center. The type of research used is quantitative, with a case-control study approach. The case population in this study was 511 WUS, then 55 case samples were taken using a simple random sampling technique, and 55 control samples were taken from the respondent's closest neighbors. The data obtained were analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The dependent variable in this study was hypertension, while the independent variables were age, family history, use of hormonal contraception, obesity, and stress. The results showed that three variables had a relationship with hypertension in women of childbearing age, namely age (p=0.000, OR=7.111), family history (p=0.002, OR=3.710), and physical activity (p=0.000, OR=4.495). in comparison, the use of hormonal contraception, obesity and stress did not have a relationship with the incidence of hypertension in women of childbearing age. The Puskesmas is expected to increase efforts to prevent hypertension by optimally improving services, especially in increasing public knowledge about hypertension so that people can maintain normal blood pressure and can avoid risk factors that can cause hypertension.

The activity of cadres is very important in posyandu activities because if the cadres are not active, the provision of health services and posyandu activity programs cannot run properly. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the activeness of cadres in posyandu activities in the working area of ​​the Kenarilang Health Center, Alor Regency. This type of quantitative research uses a cross sectional study approach. The study population consisted of 210 cadres, with a total sample of 68 cadres using convenience sampling/accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using chi-square statistical test. The results showed that the variables of knowledge (ρ = 0.023), occupation (ρ = 0.022), incentives (ρ = 0.002), and support from community leaders (ρ = 0.043) had a relationship with the activeness of cadres in posyandu activities. Meanwhile, the attitude variable (ρ=0.492) had no relationship with the activeness of cadres in posyandu activities. Puskesmas Kenarilang should improve training on promotive efforts when providing cadres in increasing knowledge about the duties and functions of posyandu. Village and sub-district governments should always provide appropriate incentives as motivation in increasing the activity of cadres in posyandu activities, and it is hoped that community involvement will always support cadres in posyandu activities.

We found the phenomenon of human−primate conflict (HPC) in the Kalisalak Forest, Central Java, Indonesia. This location is also known locally as the research site of the Kalisalak Study Site or Kalisalak Grand Forest Park (KGFP) and is used for religious activities by local ethnicities. The research site is used for pilgrimages every Suro Month in the Islamic calendar. Based on the history adopted from the local people, the macaques already existed in the colonial period of the Dutch East Indies. We interviewed "caretakers", mentioning that there are about 75 to 100 long-tailed macaques, but an unusual phenomenon occurs in HPC. According to local people, this conflict is in the form of crop-raiding, expressing agonistic behaviour such as grimacing and chasing visitors. However, when we repeated observations for one month, there was no conflict between long-tailed macaques and humans. The recorded population is still one large group. Besides, to conserve long-tailed macaques and minimize the incidence of HPC, further research is needed to be related to the management of primates by considering the location of the grand forest park type as well as secondary forest types, with the main commodity of the community being forest products.

The development of Information Technology (IT) is now very rapid and has been used in various aspects of life both in the field of government, banking, socio- cultural, industrial, education, and even health. One type of disease that gets attention for the application of IT is corona virus or better known as Covid 19 because the spread is quite widespread throughout the country, especially in the territory of Indonesia. Corona virus disease development in Indonesia is growing, based on WHO data as of today on August 30, 2020 positive cases have reached 172,053 people, cases died 7,343 people and recovered 124,185 people and the number of cases is increasing every day. Based on these conditions, Central Aceh is in a state of alert against the threat of corona virus. then a form of prevention  of the widespread spread of the virus can be done by breaking the chain of transmission by doing social distancing. In this study, a system will be designed to anticipate the Covid-19 pandemic by predicting the rate of spread of covid-19, especially in central Aceh districts using the Naive Bayes Classifier method. The accuracy level of this system is a positive case of 60%.

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of mitigation and preparedness policies regarding disaster management in the Bima Regency area. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The location of this research is at the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) Bima Regency Office. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that regional capacity level data in disaster management shows that aspects of community preparedness through PODES data and in-depth interviews with office holders at the sub-district level are still very weak. That due to the weak regional capacity index in efforts to reduce disaster risk, the level of preparedness for various types of disasters in the community is also low, automatically the level of risk that will occur in the community is very vulnerable. Community preparedness policies have not yet become a priority activity. However, in strengthening preparedness, the Regional Government of Bima Regency has implemented institutional technical capacity policies as well as strong disaster emergency management mechanisms with a disaster risk reduction perspective. The Bima Regency Government is also exploring ready disaster contingency plans at all levels of Government, holding regular exercises to test and develop disaster emergency response programs. And most importantly, the Regional Government must provide financial and logistical reserves as well as anticipatory mechanisms that are ready to support effective disaster management efforts. One of the efforts of the Bima Regency Regional Government is to determine priority disasters. Determining priority disasters in Bima Regency using a priority disaster matrix based on data on disaster risk levels and data on trends in disaster occurrence for each type of disaster.

The aims of this research include: (1) To find out the forms of marginalization and discrimination experienced by the character Nyai Ontosoroh in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Romance of the Earth of Mankind. (2) To find out the form of resistance of the character Nyai Ontosoroh in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Romance of the Earth of Mankind. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The source of data obtained from this research is the book Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya Ananta Toer as primary data. Meanwhile, secondary data consists of information and references obtained scientifically from books, articles, the internet and mass media related to this research. The data collection technique used library, listening and note-taking techniques through critical discourse analysis developed by Sara Mills. The research results show that: (1) There are 6 data on marginalization experienced by the character Nyai Ontosoroh in the novel Earth of Mankind. In the family realm, the father's restriction/marginalization of rights and freedoms has made him a nyai or concubine (purchased slave). (2) There are 8 data on discrimination experienced by Nyai Ontosoroh. In the public sphere, she is seen by the general public as a woman who has no morals and is always looked down upon. (3) there are 11 data on the resistance of the figure Nyai Ontosoroh. Nyai Ontosoroh appears as the antithesis of the bad views about Nyai-Nyai. Nyai Ontosoroh emerged as the first Indigenous woman to fight European legal authority in defending her rights to her children and company.    

An analysis of the uncertainty value of measuring spur gear dimensions using a profile projector has been carried out. Dimensions of spur gears measured are pitch diameter, root diameter and outside diameter. The manufacture of 3 samples of spur gears was first made with a shape milling machine based on the initial technical data that had been determined. Then measurements were made with a profile projector measuring instrument for the three measuring dimensions, the best repeated measurement average was found in the root diameter measurement for the PJ01 sample of 32.4053 mm with a standard deviation of 0.0077 mm. The uncertainty method used is statistically and applies only to a series of observations. Determination of the uncertainty value is done by performing repeated measurements five times on the same sample. This method refers to ISO GUM with type A evaluation. The uncertainty value obtained for the best measurement is 0.0034 mm with an expanded uncertainty of 0.0068 mm with a 95% confidence level.

The implementation of community service aims to increase the knowledge and skills of participants in processing rhizomes into a fresh and healthy drink, rhizome types are believed to have benefits and efficacy to help improve health. Improving the knowledge and skills of participants can be done by providing training through demonstrations and mentoring by giving participants the opportunity to try making fresh and healthy drinks made from rhizomes. The implementation of this community service activity was attended by PKK members in Sidorejo Village, Jabung District, Malang Regency with a total of 31 participants. This activity takes place for 2 days, starting from 04 to 05 September 2021 at the DEWISRI Tourist Location (Desa Wisata Sidorejo Indah). The first day of community service activities; participants were given a pre-test before the presentation of the material, the results of the pre-test showed that most of the participants' knowledge of making fresh and healthy drinks made from rhizomes was still lacking. Then after the pre-test presentation of the material and demonstration from the video. second day activities; participants were given a post-test and participants were given the opportunity to practice making fresh and healthy drinks made from rhizomes, in practice the participants were evaluated by the presenters with a check list sheet. Based on the results of the post-test and practice, it was shown that the knowledge, skills and abilities of the participants had increased. After the community service activities take place, it is hoped that participants can process rhizome ingredients into a fresh and healthy drink to increase family immunity, besides that participants can also produce these drinks and sell them.

This research is motivated by the performance achievements of the employees of the Tanjung Emas Middle Type Customs and Excise Office of Supervision and Service Office which have not been achieved. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of Motivation (X1) and Competence (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) in the Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office of the Middle Type of Customs Tanjung Emas. Descriptive analysis in this study uses the index number method. Determining the number of samples was calculated based on the slovin formula and obtained a sample of 71 employees from a total population of 248 employees. The sampling method uses simple random sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that motivation has no significant positive effect on employee performance. This is indicated by the calculated t value which is smaller than t table, namely 0.481 <1.667 (df = 68), with a significance value of 0.632 which is greater than α = 0.05. Motivation (β1) is positive at 0.042 which means that there is no effect of motivation on performance (not significant). The results of the analysis show that competence has a significant positive effect on employee performance. This is indicated by the calculated t value that is greater than t table, namely 8.028 > 1.667 (df = 68), with a significance value of 0.000 which is smaller than α = 0.05. Competence (β2) has a positive sign of 0.705 which means that the higher the competency, the higher the employee's performance (significant).

This research is motivated by the achievement of work targets for employees of PT. MAS Silueta Indonesia Semarang which has not been maximized. This study aims to analyze leadership style (X1), work discipline (X2), and work environment (X3) on employee performance (Y) in the Office of Supervision and Service of Customs and Excise Middle Type Tanjung Emas Customs. The analytical method in this study is Multiple Linear Regression. Samples were taken using saturated sampling techniques, namely a number of 130 respondents. The results showed that leadership style has a positive effect on the performance of employees at PT. MAS Silhouette Semarang. Work discipline has a positive effect on the performance of employees of PT. MAS Silhouette Semarang. The work environment has a positive effect on the performance of employees of PT. MAS Silhouette Semarang. Based on the results of the research, suggestions can be given to improve the work leadership style at PT. MAS Silueta Semarang by frequently providing stimulus in the form of bonuses for those who excel and awards or promotions. Improving employee work discipline by evaluating employee discipline periodically. Give rewards to disciplined employees and threaten those who are not disciplined Improve the quality of the work environment because based on research the work environment does not affect employee performance. If the quality of the work environment has been improved, it is likely that employee performance will also increase.

The Covid-19 pandemic is closely related to the healthy living culture established through the New Habit Adaptation program. This research is a type of quantitative research. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of the waste care movement with economic improvement. This research is a type of quantitative research with quasi-experimental approach. The research was conducted in Blulukan Colomadu Karanganyar Village. The sample in this study numbered 50 random citizens, with the division of 25 people as a control group, and 25 people as an experimental group. The results showed that globally it can be concluded that the economic improvement of the respondents in this study was at a score of 105 with a standard deviation of 11.46, which means the level of economic improvement is in the moderate or sufficient category. 

Breastfeeding is one of the best for babies because by breastfeeding the baby's nutritional needs will be met, at the age of more than 25 years, a third of women in the world (38%) agree not to breastfeed their babies (IDHS, 2012). Breastfeeding is an unrivaled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of babies. In addition, it has a unique biological and psychological effect on the health of mothers and babies. Anti-infective substances contained in breast milk help protect the baby against disease. However, breastfeeding is not always able to run normally, not a few mothers complain such as breast swelling due to the accumulation of breast milk, because the milk is not expelled or sucked by the baby (Heryani, 2012). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship. To determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of breastfeeding mothers about ASI dams at PBM Hj. Mariani Makassar City. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional study approach. population and sample were all postpartum mothers from December 2021 to February 2022 (13 people) with accidental sampling technique which was then analyzed using chi-square. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between mother's knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding dams. It is hoped that breastfeeding mothers and families will be active in finding out about ways to prevent breast milk dams

The use of sea sand in construction work from an economic point of view does have advantages. One of them is increasing the income of the sea sand collectors who are spread throughout the area in Fakfak Regency. In addition, the potential availability of sea sand is quite large and is able to accommodate all types of concrete construction work in this area. This study aims to determine and analyze the use of sea sand in the AC-WC mixture of course by doing the Marshall test. This study uses variations in asphalt content of 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5% and 7.0%, this study was carried out using Marshall testing in accordance with the general specifications of Bina Marga 2018. The results of the research conducted showed a relationship asphalt content and Marshall parameters such as stability value, VMA, density, MQ at an asphalt content of 5.0%-7.0%, meet the specifications of 1932 kg, 19.84%, 2.26 gr/cm3 and 1031 kg/mm. Values of VIM, VFWA and flow at 5.5% asphalt content are known to not meet the mix spasticity, namely 8.07%, 59.71% and 1.67 mm. Based on the Marshall parameter data, the Optimum Asphalt Content value is 6.5%.

In the process of distributing electricity from the generator to the consumer, it goes through many processes and passes through several parts. Starting from the electric power distribution system, one of which is the distribution system. Considering that the scope of this distribution network is directly related and is located in an inhabited area, in addition to meeting technical quality requirements, it must also meet the requirements for being safe for users and familiar with the environment. In this distribution system there is a very important equipment in distributing electric power, namely the distribution substation. Because of the important role of the distribution substation, it must be protected from disturbances that may occur. One of them is the load imbalance between phases. In practice and in reality, in various locations of electric power distribution, a completely balanced load condition is obtained, mainly because of the large number of single-phase load groups that are serviced by a low-voltage three-phase distribution system. This is because the characteristics and types of electrical power user equipment vary with different consumer conditions and activities. To obtain load balance, load balancing is carried out between phases for load distribution so that load adjustments occur at distribution substations.