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The Community Service Program (KKN) is an intracurricular activity that is mandatory for students as a form of community service. In this context, the KKN group R1 of Janabadra University Yogyakarta conducted a service activity in Banyurejo Village, Yogyakarta City, for six weeks. This activity carried the main theme of community empowerment in environmental management, with a primary focus on increasing awareness of the economic potential of waste through the implementation of an Environmental Workshop with the theme "Waste as Economic Potential: Creating an Independent and Clean Village." This workshop was the core agenda that involved the active participation of residents in discussing and practicing waste management that was wise, economically valuable, and environmentally friendly. To support this main activity, several supporting programs were also implemented, including: Ceria Class as a medium for environmental education for children, the establishment of a Waste Bank, joint exercise activities with residents, village clean-up actions, synergy with the PKK women's group, and educational seminars on the environment and health. All activities were designed with a community-based educational and participatory approach, to encourage direct community involvement in creating change. During the implementation period, this program showed positive results. There was an increase in public awareness of the importance of structured and sustainable waste management. Furthermore, residents have begun to demonstrate their initiative by establishing neighborhood-level waste banks, demonstrating their commitment to community-based waste management. Participation from various community elements, including children, housewives, and community leaders, is key to the success of this initiative. The success of the Janabadra University Community Service Program (KKN) group R1 is expected to serve as a model for other regions in designing and implementing community empowerment programs, particularly in the environmental sector.

Land use changes in the watershed (DAS) area of Tebing Tinggi City have increased the risk of flooding and contributed to the development of slum settlements in vulnerable zones. Uncontrolled urbanization and economic pressures have driven residential expansion along riverbanks, forcing communities to live in substandard environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the integration of watershed land use change management with slum rehabilitation strategies to enhance regional resilience against flood disasters. The research employed a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative phenomenological studies with quantitative descriptive statistical analysis. The findings indicate that collaboration among spatial planning, environmental policy, and community participation is crucial in creating a sustainable and disaster-responsive watershed management model. Strategic recommendations are centered on strengthening cross-sector coordination and implementing policies based on spatial and social data.

Class C sand mining activities in Nagari Aia Dingin, Lembah Gumanti District, Solok Regency have been ongoing since 1999 and continue to expand to this day. This mining provides economic contributions to the local community, but on the other hand, it also has a significant impact on the environment, particularly on land cover changes. This study aims to analyze changes in open land caused by sand mining activities, using remote sensing technology as a monitoring tool. The approach used is descriptive quantitative, through the interpretation of Google Earth satellite imagery in 2015 and 2018 and Sentinel-2 imagery in 2024. Spatial analysis was conducted with the help of ArcGIS software to obtain a visual and numerical picture of land cover changes. The results of the study indicate a significant increase in the area of sand mining from 2015 to 2024. In 2015, the mining area was recorded at 8.72 hectares, and increased to 22.14 hectares in 2024. This indicates an increase in mining land area of 13.42 hectares over a nine-year period. Land use conversion has occurred on a massive scale, from dryland forest, scrubland, and dryland areas to open-pit mining areas. This land cover change has the potential to cause environmental degradation such as erosion, reduced biodiversity, and disruption to regional water systems. These findings underscore the importance of stricter monitoring and sustainable spatial planning in natural resource management. The use of remote sensing technology has proven effective in monitoring the dynamics of land use change and can serve as a basis for formulating environmental policies that are more responsive to the impacts of mining activities.

In the digital 4.0 era, language literacy and digitalization are key elements in the process of community empowerment, especially in rural areas that still face the challenge of limited access to information and technology. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of language literacy strengthening and digitalization programs in supporting community empowerment in Takalar Regency, with an integrative approach that considers local context and cultural wisdom. The method used is a qualitative approach through participatory action research, which allows for the active involvement of the community in the process of identifying problems and finding solutions. The community service activity (PKM) was held in Ujung Baji Village, Sanrobone District, Takalar Regency on July 10, 2025, involving 25 participants with diverse social and educational backgrounds. The literacy expert team from ADPERTISI plays a role in designing and implementing multilingual-based training programs and approaches that are sensitive to local culture. This program has succeeded in significantly increasing people's digital literacy, with 60% of participants able to utilize technology for MSME development and 40% of participants successfully accessing public services independently through digital platforms. The "Techno-Linguistic Integration" model applied has proven to be effective in overcoming language barriers in the digital technology adoption process. The integration of local languages with digital devices creates an inclusive and relevant learning environment for rural communities. The results show that a holistic and contextual approach to strengthening language literacy and digitalization can empower communities in a sustainable manner, strengthen local capacity, and encourage digital transformation at the grassroots level. These findings make an important contribution to the development of technology-based community empowerment strategies and local culture in the digital era.

The digital era has revolutionized educational systems, making digital literacy a vital competency for the 21st century. As such, educational administration plays a pivotal role in driving digital transformation within schools. This study used a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design, examining 20 secondary schools to assess how effective educational administration practices contribute to the sustainable implementation of digital literacy programs. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 60 educational administrators, participant observations, and the analysis of policy documents. The findings reveal that educational administration, when proactive, collaborative, and data-driven, significantly boosts student digital literacy. In fact, schools employing these practices experienced an improvement in digital literacy by up to 65% within two years of program implementation. The success of these programs was largely attributed to key factors such as visionary leadership, strategic allocation of resources, continuous teacher capacity development, and robust monitoring systems. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to digital literacy, where educational leaders understand the interconnections between various administrative functions and their impact on digital education. This includes integrating strategic planning, operational execution, developmental efforts, evaluation processes, and collaborative work between teachers and administrators. In response to these findings, the study proposes the Integrated Digital Literacy Administration Model (MALDT). This model offers a framework that can be adapted by educational institutions to enhance learning quality in the digital age. It emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to digital literacy administration, combining leadership vision with operational efficiency and continuous professional development. Ultimately, the adoption of such a model can help schools foster an environment where digital literacy is embedded into the core educational experience, ensuring students are adequately prepared for the challenges of the digital era.

Innovation in the fashion industry is increasingly influenced by the integration of technology, which plays a crucial role in creating more efficient and sustainable design practices. This study explores the potential of combining fabric slashing techniques with artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize the design process, reduce textile waste, and support sustainability goals. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study involved experimentally developing an AI-based algorithm capable of automatically generating cutting patterns. Surveys and in-depth interviews with fashion designers provided qualitative insights into the acceptance, feasibility, and challenges of adopting this technology in a real-world design environment. The results indicate that integrating AI into cutting techniques reduced textile waste by up to 25%, while accelerating the design process and enabling the creation of more complex and innovative patterns compared to traditional manual methods. Furthermore, designers reported that the AI-based system not only increased efficiency but also expanded creative opportunities by presenting previously unimaginable design alternatives. The study also highlights the broader implications of AI applications in fashion innovation, particularly in adapting industry practices to global sustainability demands. By reducing waste and encouraging smarter production systems, AI has the potential to catalyze the transformation of the fashion industry towards an environmentally friendly and resource-efficient sector. The results of this study reinforce the importance of implementing cutting-edge technologies in response to growing environmental concerns and market demand for sustainable fashion. This research also makes a significant contribution to the development of modern design approaches by presenting empirical evidence of the synergistic benefits of traditional techniques and digital intelligence, while also offering practical recommendations for designers, researchers, and industry stakeholders to utilize AI as a strategy in building a sustainable fashion ecosystem that balances creativity, efficiency, and environmental responsibility.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in driving local and national economic growth. However, in the development of business spaces, environmentally friendly aspects of interior design often receive less attention. This research aims to increase MSME actors' understanding of the principles of sustainable and environmentally friendly interior design. The method used is an educational approach through training and workshops for a number of MSME players in the culinary and retail sectors. The material presented includes selecting environmentally friendly materials, managing natural lighting, cross ventilation, and energy efficient space planning. The evaluation results show an increase in participants' knowledge and awareness of the importance of implementing environmentally friendly interior design, which also has an impact on operational cost efficiency and improving business image. Thus, it is hoped that this program can encourage the creation of MSME business spaces that are not only functional and visually attractive, but also support environmental sustainability.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the optimization of green open space (GOS)-based tourism object development at Panatapan Panyabungan Park, Mandailing Natal Regency. This area possesses high ecological and visual potential, yet its management remains suboptimal in terms of facilities, community participation, and institutional support. The study employs a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative methods using multiple linear regression analysis on 150 respondents, and qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results show that simul-taneously, the four independent variables—GOS quality (X1), tourism facilities and infrastructure (X2), community participation (X3), and local government support (X4)—significantly influence the optimization of tourism development (Y). However, partially, only X2 has a significant positive effect, while X1 and X3 have significant negative effects, and X4 has no significant effect. Qualitative findings reveal that the community is not involved in decision-making, and the local government has not demonstrated concrete intervention in managing the area. These findings suggest that the strategy for developing GOS-based tourism objects should emphasize improving basic facilities, establishing participatory governance, and strengthening the structural role of local governments. A collaborative and community-based approach is key to realizing a sustainable tourism area in environmental, social, and economic aspects.

This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to enhance the understanding of the staff at the Environmental and Sanitation Agency (DLHK) of Depok City in utilizing information technology through socialization and training on the development of a waste classification website. The website is designed to assist the public in identifying types of waste and to encourage more responsible and integrated waste management practices. The implementation methods for this program include socialization sessions, technical training workshops, and system usage demonstrations. Participants were introduced to the functionalities of the website, including how to classify various waste types and its role in supporting environmental sustainability. The program also provided hands-on training to ensure the staff could effectively use the website and incorporate it into their daily tasks. As a result, the staff’s understanding of the concept of digital-based waste classification has significantly increased. Additionally, the potential benefits of using such technology to support sustainable environmental management programs were clearly recognized. The program not only enhanced the staff's technical skills but also contributed to a deeper understanding of the importance of waste classification in the broader context of environmental conservation. The outcomes of this initiative are expected to encourage the staff to actively promote the use of the website to the public, thus fostering a more responsible and efficient waste management system in Depok City. This program demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating technology in supporting local government initiatives aimed at improving environmental management and sustainability. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of digital tools in modernizing waste management systems and enhancing public awareness and engagement.

The community service program in Kemiri Village aims to empower farmers through the use of local potential, especially moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), as raw materials for liquid organic fertilizer (POC). This activity was carried out with a participatory and educational approach that directly involved farmer groups in technical training on making POC through simple fermentation methods using natural ingredients such as moringa leaves, rice washing water, organic waste, and local decomposers. Through this activity, farmers are taught stages ranging from the collection of ingredients, the process of shredding moringa leaves, mixing with complementary ingredients, to the correct fermentation techniques to produce high-quality fertilizer. The training is carried out by field demonstration methods, discussions, and hands-on practice, so that farmers not only gain theoretical knowledge, but also practical skills that can be applied independently. The results show a significant increase in farmers' knowledge, skills, and awareness of the importance of liquid organic fertilizer as an environmentally friendly alternative. In addition, the public's enthusiasm is getting higher after seeing real evidence that the use of POC moringa leaves is able to increase plant growth, crop quality, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers which are increasingly expensive and have the potential to damage the soil. This program not only provides economic benefits through the cost efficiency of agricultural production, but also has a positive impact on environmental conservation. This activity is expected to be a model of community empowerment based on local potential that can be replicated in other regions with similar conditions. The success of the program shows that simple innovations that utilize local resources, if managed well, can support sustainable agriculture and food security for rural communities.

The Batanghari River is a vital water source in Jambi Province, used by the community for various purposes, including domestic, agricultural, and fisheries needs. However, with increasing human activities, such as the discharge of household waste, industrial waste, and agricultural waste, the river's water quality is at risk of microbiological contamination that can endanger public health and the environment. This study aims to identify the presence of bacteria in the Batanghari River water, in order to assess the potential for biological contamination that can negatively impact public health and the surrounding ecosystem. The method used in this study included taking water samples from several locations along the river. After sampling, bacterial isolation and identification were carried out using Nutrient Agar (NA) media using the pour method. The results of the isolation process showed the growth of bacterial colonies that varied in shape, size, and color, indicating microbiological contamination, especially by heterotrophic bacteria. These findings indicate that the Batanghari River water contains microorganisms that reflect the potential for microbiological contamination. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of regular water quality monitoring and the need for sustainable management measures to maintain the health of the ecosystem and surrounding community. With routine monitoring, it is hoped that potential contamination that could be harmful to health can be detected early. Furthermore, the results of this study are expected to form the basis for better policy-making in water resource management and increase public awareness of the importance of maintaining water quality for sustainable life and environmental health. This study provides a preliminary overview of the microbiological condition of the Batanghari River water and emphasizes the need for greater attention in water resource management to prevent negative impacts on health and the environment.

This study examines the history of mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach, Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency, from the 1980s to 2020. The main focus lies on the dynamics of changes in coastal ecosystems due to land conversion into shrimp ponds, as well as the response of the community and government to the destruction of mangrove forests that occurs. The 1980s period became a crucial phase when intensive pond investment began to flourish which had an impact on environmental degradation, especially the loss of most of the natural mangrove vegetation in the region. These changes not only affect the balance of ecosystems, but also impact the livelihoods of coastal communities that depend on the sustainability of natural resources. Since the early 2000s, various conservation initiatives have emerged spearheaded by coastal community groups, students, NGOs, as well as support from government agencies. These conservation efforts are participatory and community-based, reflecting the increased ecological awareness of local communities. This study uses oral history methods and literature studies to reconstruct conservation narratives from the perspectives of local actors directly involved in the process. The results of the study show that the success of mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach is highly dependent on synergy between various actors, ranging from local communities, academics, to government agencies. Policies that support the protection of coastal areas are also an important factor in creating a participatory space for environmental rehabilitation efforts. This conservation history shows the socio-ecological transformation of the coastal communities of Muncar, from an exploitation orientation to a recovery model based on local wisdom. Furthermore, mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach is also the foundation in the development of environment-based ecotourism as well as an example of sustainable natural resource management practices on the southern coast of Banyuwangi.

Inclusive education plays a crucial role in achieving equal access and improving the quality of education for all students, including students with special needs. In the context of Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning, the implementation of inclusive education still faces significant challenges, both in terms of teaching strategies, teacher skills, and available supporting facilities and infrastructure. This study aims to describe the perceptions of PJOK teachers and classroom teachers regarding the implementation of inclusive learning for students with special needs in PJOK activities at the elementary school level. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including semi-structured interviews and documentation. The research subjects consisted of PJOK teachers and classroom teachers who teach at SDN 2 Gobras. The results show that the teachers have a good understanding of the importance of creating a friendly, adaptive, and enjoyable learning environment for students with special needs. The teachers make adjustments in learning activities through modifying tools, implementing small group strategies, providing appropriate motivation, and close collaboration with homeroom teachers and parents. However, limitations in the training received and the support of existing facilities remain significant obstacles. The findings of this study provide important implications regarding the need for ongoing training and strengthened collaboration between teachers to support the creation of more effective and sustainable inclusive education. Therefore, this research is expected to make a positive contribution to the development of inclusive education in elementary schools and raise awareness of the importance of supporting students with special needs in the learning process.

The global demand for energy, particularly fuel oil, continues to increase along with the growth in the number of vehicles and industrial activity. However, limited fossil fuel reserves and the environmental impacts of their use have prompted various studies to find alternative fuels that are more environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable. In this context, ethanol and xylene have emerged as two potential fuel additive candidates. Ethanol is known as a biofuel derived from renewable sources and has a high octane rating and oxygen content that can support a more complete combustion process. On the other hand, xylene is an aromatic compound with a high octane rating that can improve combustion stability and reduce the risk of knocking or detonation in engines. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ethanol and xylene additions on the flame characteristics of Pertamax fuel, particularly in terms of flame duration and height. Through a laboratory experimental approach, observations were made on the combustion process of pure Pertamax and several fuel blends with varying ethanol and xylene contents. The results showed that pure Pertamax produced a flame with an average duration of 0.734 seconds and a flame height of 4.5 cm, while one of the best blends, namely the fourth blend containing ethanol and xylene, produced a flame duration of 1.084 seconds and a flame height of 5.7 cm. These findings indicate that the addition of ethanol and xylene can significantly improve combustion performance. These results not only enrich knowledge regarding the combustion characteristics of blended fuels, but also open up opportunities for the development of alternative fuel formulations that are more environmentally friendly, energy efficient, and support reducing dependence on fossil fuels in the future.

The palm oil industry is a vital component of Indonesia's economy, significantly contributing to foreign exchange earnings and employment opportunities, particularly in rural and plantation-based regions where economic alternatives are limited. However, the sector is increasingly challenged by global sustainability concerns, particularly the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), which poses a threat to Indonesia’s palm oil exports due to its strict environmental standards and traceability requirements. This study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review to explore the role of innovation and legal protection in strengthening the sustainability and global competitiveness of Indonesia’s palm oil industry. Specifically, it investigates how the development of superior plant varieties and the application of Plant Variety Protection (PVP) under the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) framework contribute to long-term industry resilience. The findings indicate that superior varieties such as DxP Topaz, DxP PTPN V, and Lonsum DxP have been instrumental in boosting productivity, reducing the need for land expansion, enhancing oil yield per hectare, and improving overall resource efficiency. Moreover, legal protection through PVP not only secures exclusive rights for breeders but also incentivizes further agricultural innovation and prevents the unauthorized use and duplication of valuable genetic resources. In light of international regulatory pressures, strengthening the national PVP system, promoting the registration of local superior varieties, and integrating legal instruments with research and development are essential. These efforts can safeguard Indonesia’s genetic sovereignty and support sustainable practices in compliance with international environmental standards. Ultimately, aligning agricultural innovation with a robust legal framework is key to maintaining the industry’s market access, environmental credibility, and long-term sustainability.

Air circulation and natural lighting are among the key aspects influencing the comfort of room usage, particularly in dormitory buildings inhabited by university students. This study aims to explore thermal comfort more deeply, focusing on air circulation and natural lighting within student dormitory rooms in the Riau Islands. A qualitative method was employed, collecting up-to-date data on the selected building. Building simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and DIALux were conducted to analyze the speed of air circulation and the quality of natural lighting within the rooms. The results reveal that prior to evaluation, the dormitory rooms faced thermal issues related to poor air circulation and insufficient natural lighting. Wind speed was recorded at less than 2 m/s, and the incoming and outgoing airflow collided due to the presence of only one ventilation access. The evaluation using cross-ventilation through room openings showed a positive impact on indoor air circulation, increasing wind speeds to 2–4 m/s. The cross-ventilation concept also enhanced the discharge and exchange of indoor air, preventing air stagnation. In terms of natural lighting, the simulation showed that lighting intensity in several rooms was below the minimum standard of 250 lux, particularly in areas far from the window openings. After modifications to the window layout and the addition of secondary light-transmitting elements, the lighting level significantly improved to meet the recommended standard. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating both passive ventilation and natural lighting strategies in student dormitory designs. Improving these environmental aspects not only enhances thermal comfort but also supports the health, productivity, and well-being of the residents. This study contributes to the growing body of research on sustainable dormitory design and can be used as a reference for future architectural planning and policy improvements.

Gorontalo Province is an area with a high level of disaster vulnerability, both from hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides, as well as geological disasters such as earthquakes. This condition requires an integrated, modern, and sustainable disaster training facility. Unfortunately, until now Gorontalo does not have a representative disaster management education and training center to support community preparedness. This research aims to design a Disaster Management Education and Training Center that not only functions as an education and simulation place, but also integrates green architecture principles to create an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient learning environment. The method used is qualitative descriptive with primary data collection through observation, interviews with stakeholders, and field documentation. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies, disaster architectural precedents, and spatial planning regulatory studies. The design site was chosen in Limboto District with considerations of accessibility, development potential, and geographical conditions. Analysis is carried out on spatial, functional, and climatological aspects to produce an optimal zoning concept and the orientation of building masses according to the tropical climate. The design results show that an area of 19,371 m² can accommodate all space needs with the utilization of KDB of 25.4%. The application of green architecture is realized through the use of environmentally friendly local materials, natural lighting, cross ventilation, solar panels, and rainwater management systems. The simulation facilities for floods, landslides, earthquakes, and fires are designed based on experiential learning so that participants can experience disaster scenarios firsthand. This design is expected to be a model of sustainable tropical disaster architecture, replicate in other disaster-prone areas, and encourage the creation of a disaster-aware culture. This research also opens up further research opportunities related to energy performance evaluation and the application of digital technology in disaster education.

The design of Lecturer Housing for Campus 4 Gorontalo State University is a strategic necessity in line with the expansion of educational institutions and the increasing number of educators requiring adequate and proximate housing. The primary objective of this research is to produce a lecturer housing design that is not only adaptive and sustainable, but also harmonized with the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Bone Bolango Regency. The research methodology encompasses a comprehensive site analysis, examining aspects such as climate conditions, topography, vegetation patterns, infrastructure and utility networks, ambient noise levels, and site accessibility. Furthermore, a zoning and spatial relationship study was conducted to determine effective space allocation based on the principles of tropical architecture and green building practices. The findings of the study highlight that a north-south building orientation significantly reduces heat absorption, while the integration of cross-ventilation strategies enhances natural airflow and thermal comfort. Spatial zoning into public, semi-public, private, and service areas allows for organized layouts and promotes social interaction among residents. Sustainability is reinforced through the application of green architectural technologies, including the use of green concrete, lightweight steel frameworks, solar energy panels, as well as integrated waste-water management systems that separate black water and grey water. Landscaping elements, both softscape and hardscape, are utilized to enhance aesthetics while supporting ecological balance and rainwater absorption. This design proposal contributes to the broader discourse of sustainable tropical housing and may serve as a replicable model for future lecturer housing projects in similar regional contexts. It emphasizes the importance of environmentally responsive, cost-efficient, and socially supportive residential architecture.

This study aims to analyze the influence of green advertising, green packaging, and green product on the purchase decision of The Body Shop products, with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The background of this research is based on increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues, which drives changes in consumer preferences towards environmentally friendly products. Green marketing strategies are important in shaping a positive brand image and influencing consumer purchasing behavior. This study uses a quantitative approach with a path analysis method processed using SPSS software. The respondents in this study amounted to 100 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Wijaya Kusuma University Surabaya who had bought The Body Shop products. The results of the analysis show that green advertising, green packaging, and green products have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, green advertising and green products have also been shown to have a direct influence on consumer purchase decisions, while green packaging does not show a significant influence on direct purchase decisions. In addition, customer satisfaction has been shown to play a significant mediating variable in the relationship between green marketing variables and purchase decisions. These findings confirm that the implementation of green marketing strategies not only has a positive impact on the company's image and social responsibility, but also plays an important role in increasing customer satisfaction and encouraging consumers to make purchasing decisions. Therefore, companies are advised to continue to develop and integrate eco-friendly elements in their marketing strategies to increase competitiveness and consumer loyalty. This research also makes a theoretical contribution to the development of consumer behavior studies related to sustainable marketing, especially among the younger generation.

This research aims to comprehensively explore the strategic role of educators in improving the quality of learning at the elementary school level. In the context of basic education, teachers play a central role as agents of change and the main drivers in the learning process. The main focus of this research includes three important aspects, namely the professionalism of teachers in carrying out their duties, the challenges faced in the implementation of teaching and learning activities, and optimization strategies carried out to improve the quality of learning. The research was conducted at SDN 2 Kerso, Jepara Regency, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews with educators and principals, direct observations in the classroom, and documentation of learning implementation plans and other supporting activities. The results of the study showed that the teachers in the school applied the practice of professionalism through work discipline, mastery of materials, pedagogical skills, and a humanist approach to students. In addition, they also use learning strategies that are adaptive, creative, and based on student needs. However, in practice, teachers face various challenges, including the diversity of student characters, low learning motivation, the influence of the family environment, limited learning facilities, and the lack of periodic training. To answer these challenges, teachers make various optimization efforts, such as participating in professional training, establishing collaboration between teachers, implementing reflective supervision, and building active communication with parents and the community. Support from school principals, committees, and social environments is also an important factor in supporting learning effectiveness. This study concludes that the improvement of the quality of learning in elementary schools is largely determined by the capacity, commitment, and ability of teachers to manage challenges creatively and professionally. With systemic support and sustainability of competency development, the role of teachers can be significantly optimized to create meaningful, effective, and sustainable learning.