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Family businesses are a crucial pillar of the economy, contributing significantly to job creation and economic growth. However, the sustainability of family businesses often faces challenges, particularly during the succession process, when the next generation is prepared to take over leadership. The primary issue that arises is how the heir prepares to continue the family business, considering that this process involves not only technical skills but also psychological aspects and social learning. Therefore, this study focuses on the life experiences of a family business heir in developing readiness through social interactions and learning processes within the family environment. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Subjects were selected through purposive sampling, with the criterion of having undergone a business learning process for more than ten years within the family environment. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, allowing researchers to explore the heir's subjective experiences in detail. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study identified five main themes influencing the heir's readiness. First, the role of the father as the primary mentor in instilling values, work ethic, and business skills. Second, the role of the mother as an emotional supporter and instilling the values ​​of patience and perseverance. Third, the dynamics of the subject's experiences, involving both challenges and successes in the business learning process. Fourth, the process of developing an entrepreneurial mindset, which is formed through early habits. Fifth, the subject's development as a more emotionally, professionally, and socially mature heir. In conclusion, the readiness of a family business heir is formed through a combination of life experiences, social learning within the family, and the role of parents as role models.

Background: Adolescence is a developmental stage filled with hope and happiness for both boys and girls. During this time, adolescents feel more independent and capable of doing things they could not do as children. Adolescence is characterized by independence, freedom, and physical and psychological changes. Therefore, adolescents require appropriate guidance and support. Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is often driven by sexual desire, either with the opposite sex or the same sex, and occurs before a legal relationship as husband and wife. Lack of parental role, exposure to pornographic media, alcohol consumption behavior can be factors that influence risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Purpose: To find out the factors that influence sexual behavior in adolescents at Jayapura High School. Research Method: The research population was students at one of Jayapura High Schools determined by stratified random sampling so that 80 respondents were obtained, the research instrument was a structured questionnaire that had passed validity and reliability tests, the type of research was quantitative with a Cross Sectional approach. Data collection techniques used questionnaires on the Role of Parents, Exposure to Pornographic Media, Alcohol Consumption Behavior and Risky Sexual Behavior with a Population of 100 Students with Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between the role of parents p = 0.545 (p > 0.05), and exposure to pornographic media p = 0.971 (p > 0.05), on risky sexual behavior in Jayapura High School students. There is a significant relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior in Jayapura high school students (p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05)).

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that affects not only the physical condition but also the psychological aspect of patients, particularly anxiety. This psychological condition can influence blood glucose stability and potentially worsen the clinical state of patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between anxiety and blood glucose levels among patients with diabetes mellitus at Fakfak General Hospital. The study applied a quantitative approach using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 50 patients selected through total sampling. Anxiety data were collected using a questionnaire, while blood glucose levels were obtained from laboratory results. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The findings showed that most patients experienced anxiety (96%) and the majority had normal blood glucose levels (70%). The Chi-Square test revealed a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant relationship between anxiety and blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus at Fakfak General Hospital. This study highlights the importance of addressing psychological conditions as part of a comprehensive diabetes management program. It is recommended that health care services provide special attention to anxiety management as an effort to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.

Preoperative anxiety is common among women scheduled for cesarean section (C-section), affecting surgical outcomes, recovery, and bonding. This study investigated the effect of guided deep breathing relaxation on reducing preoperative anxiety in C-section patients. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was conducted with 30 participants from [Name of Hospital]. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 15), which practiced deep breathing exercises 30 minutes before surgery, and a control group (n = 15) receiving standard care. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the intervention. Results showed a significant decrease in anxiety scores in the intervention group (from 45.2 ± 6.3 to 33.5 ± 5.8, p < 0.001), while the control group showed minimal change (44.8 ± 5.9 to 43.6 ± 6.1, p = 0.124). Post-intervention comparisons revealed a significant difference between groups (t = 7.21, p < 0.001). These findings indicate that guided deep breathing effectively reduces preoperative anxiety in C-section patients, suggesting it as a simple, safe, and cost-effective intervention that can improve maternal psychological well-being and surgical readiness. This non-pharmacological approach may also contribute to better postoperative outcomes.

The phenomenon of the fake smile has become increasingly visible in the digital era, especially through social media platforms. Such expressions are often used to mask genuine emotions such as sadness, psychological pressure, or fatigue. This study examines how the Prophetic traditions (ḥadīth) address this phenomenon in relation to sincerity, ethical conduct, and emotional balance. Three research questions are posed: (1) whether ḥadīth encourage sincerity in smiling as an act of worship, (2) how fake smiles are situated within Islamic ethical perspectives, and (3) to what extent ḥadīth provide guidance for this issue in contemporary contexts. The study applies a qualitative method, employing library research and thematic analysis of ḥadīth (mawḍūʿī). Primary data are drawn from authoritative ḥadīth collections, while secondary sources include tafsīr, classical and modern commentaries, as well as psychological literature. The findings reveal that smiling is framed as a charitable act requiring sincerity. A fake smile intended to preserve harmony may still be valued positively, but one used for manipulation or to conceal hostility conflicts with the principle of truthfulness (ṣidq) and approaches hypocrisy (nifāq). The Prophet’s balanced expressions affirm the need for sincerity in social interaction.

The phenomenon of quiet quitting has emerged as a significant challenge in modern human resource management, reflecting a fundamental shift in the psychological contract between employers and employees. This study aims to explore integrative strategies capable of aligning employee well-being with organizational productivity targets to address the commitment paradox. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, this research integrates the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory to analyze the psychological processes of employee withdrawal as a protective mechanism against emotional exhaustion or burnout. The analysis indicates that quiet quitting is characterized by minimal work effort, low emotional investment, and restricted social communication. Demographic factors, such as age (Generation Z) and organizational injustice, serve as the primary drivers of this phenomenon. The study concludes that organizations must recalibrate managerial strategies through transformational leadership, the provision of autonomy via job crafting, and the strengthening of psychological safety to foster a sustainable work ecosystem

Digital transformation in education demands a fundamental shift in the role of teachers from traditional instructors to modern learning facilitators who are adaptive, creative, innovative, and responsive to the latest technological developments. This research aims to explore in depth the multidimensional role of economics teachers in optimizing visual learning media to increase students' interest in learning in the digital era, especially at SMAN 1 Lewolema in the 2024/2025 academic year. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study involved one economics teacher and 23 students of class X through observation, interviews, and comprehensive documentation. The results show that teachers play the role of innovative learning designers, interactive facilitators who encourage active participation, motivators who arouse the spirit of learning, and innovators who make effective use of visual media. The integration of visual learning media is carried out with a contextual and interactive approach, so that it is able to transform the student learning experience holistically. The positive impacts identified include an increase in the affective dimension through a sense of pleasure, a cognitive dimension through a better understanding of the material, and a conative dimension through increased focus, interest, and motivation of students to learn. However, the implementation of the use of visual learning media cannot be separated from various challenges. Obstacles that arise include the limitations of technology infrastructure in schools, the gap in teachers' digital competencies, and the diversity of students' psychological characteristics that affect acceptance of new methods. This research makes a theoretical contribution to understanding the dynamics of educational technology integration in Indonesia, as well as offering a practical blueprint for schools with limited resources.

Adolescence is a crucial developmental phase marked by physical, emotional, and social changes, alongside new challenges brought about by the digital age. These changes often contribute to heightened stress and anxiety, particularly in academic settings. School, with its rigorous demands and social pressures, serves as a significant stressor. This community service project aimed to enhance the knowledge and practice of mindfulness among 10th-grade students at SMAN 3 Bone, specifically focusing on helping them cope with psychological and social pressures. Conducted on August 22, 2025, the project involved 33 female students navigating the transitional period of adolescence. The intervention consisted of an initial survey to assess baseline knowledge, followed by educational sessions on mindfulness theory and practical exercises, as well as group discussions and reflections. The results demonstrated a significant increase in students' mindfulness knowledge and skills, with the final average score reaching 80. Evaluation was based on observations throughout the activity and post-intervention assessments. The outcomes suggest that mindfulness education is an effective strategy for improving students’ ability to manage stress and anxiety. Despite the positive impact, challenges related to the implementation of mindfulness education within the school setting were identified, including the need for more structured integration into the curriculum and continuous support. Nevertheless, the findings highlight the potential of mindfulness practices as a valuable tool for supporting students' psychological well-being during adolescence, providing them with coping mechanisms for the pressures they face. Future recommendations include expanding the program to a broader student population and offering more regular mindfulness sessions to foster long-term benefits

Elderly life is characterized by a decline in biological, psychological, and social functions. This condition often limits the ability of the elderly to meet basic needs independently, which ultimately can affect their quality of life. Independence in daily activities is a crucial factor because it is directly related to physical and psychological well-being. A good quality of life in the elderly reflects not only physical health but also social, emotional, and environmental aspects. Therefore, research on the relationship between elderly independence and quality of life is important, especially for elderly people living in social institutions such as the Uma Kandung Foundation in Banjarmasin. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 110 elderly people selected using a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used included the Katz Index questionnaire to measure the level of independence of the elderly in meeting basic needs, and the WHOQOL-BREF to assess quality of life. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test to examine the relationship between the two variables. The results showed that the majority of elderly respondents were in the partially dependent category (76.4%), while the quality of life of the majority of respondents was in the sufficient category (75.5%). The Spearman Rank test yielded a significance value of p = 0.000 with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.665, indicating a significant relationship between elderly independence in meeting basic needs and quality of life. A negative relationship indicates that the lower the elderly's dependency or the higher their level of independence, the better their quality of life. The conclusion of this study is that independence in meeting basic needs plays a significant role in the quality of life of the elderly.

The Qur'an, as the greatest miracle revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, possesses a linguistic excellence unmatched by Arab writers, both during and after the revelation. The beauty of its sentence structure, rhetorical power, and the depth of meaning in each sentence make the Qur'an an authentic proof of the Prophet's prophethood. Among the prominent linguistic characteristics in the Qur'an is the use of the istifham style interrogative sentences, which in the science of balaghah is included in the branch of ma'ani. Interrogative sentences in the Qur'an are not always intended to ask for answers, but often contain rhetorical intent that strengthens arguments, raises awareness, or even touches the psychological aspects of the reader. 

Individuals who do not live with their parents or do not have a nuclear family are generally placed in social care institutions such as orphanages. Living outside the family environment causes orphaned adolescents to experience limitations in building emotional bonds that are usually obtained from interactions with family. The absence of strong emotional relationships can affect various aspects of adolescent psychology, one of which is self-acceptance. Adolescents living in orphanages often perceive themselves as different from adolescents raised in intact families. This feeling can impact the formation of self-concept, self-esteem, and how they view and accept themselves. This study aims to examine the level of self-acceptance of orphaned adolescents living in orphanages, identify factors that influence self-acceptance, and understand the role of self-acceptance in relation to other psychological variables. This study was conducted using a literature review method of various relevant previous research results. Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that self-acceptance of orphaned adolescents in orphanages is generally at a moderate to high level. Several key factors contributing to this self-acceptance include social support from the surrounding environment, self-esteem, optimism, and a positive self-concept. These factors are interrelated and play a crucial role in shaping the psychological resilience and mental health of adolescents in orphanages.   Keywords: self-acceptance , orphaned teenager, orphanage

Auditory hallucinations are one of the main symptoms experienced by patients with schizophrenia. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as spiritual therapy, serve as important alternatives to support treatment. One increasingly used method is the recitation of Qur’anic verses (murottal therapy), which provides psychological and spiritual calming effects.  To determine the impact of murottal audio therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman on the intensity of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia at Gramesia Nursing Home, Cirebon.  This scientific paper is presented in the form of a nursing care report focusing on the application of murottal audio therapy using Surah Ar-Rahman as an intervention.  Before the therapy, the patient experienced moderate auditory hallucinations, accompanied by intense emotional reactions and difficulty controlling behavior. After undergoing murottal audio therapy, there was a decrease in hallucination intensity and improvement in the patient’s emotional condition. Murottal audio therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman is effective as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce auditory hallucinations and support psychological recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Following the intervention, patients reported a significant decrease in the intensity of their hallucinations. Emotional reactions were notably less intense, and patients displayed improved emotional regulation and greater behavioral control. The results suggest that murottal audio therapy using Surah Ar-Rahman is an effective non-pharmacological intervention that not only reduces the intensity of auditory hallucinations but also plays a supportive role in the psychological recovery of patients with schizophrenia. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating spiritual therapies into comprehensive treatment plans, as they offer a holistic approach to managing schizophrenia. This intervention can complement traditional pharmacological treatments, providing patients with a sense of spiritual calm and emotional stability, which can enhance their overall mental health and well-being.

This research is motivated by the increasing cases of sexual harassment in the university environment which has a serious impact on the psychological condition of victims and the academic climate as a whole. Universities that are supposed to be safe spaces for learning and development are often places where serious violations of human dignity occur. The establishment of the Task Force for the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence (Satgas PPKS) is an important step by the government to provide protection, assistance, and a more structured complaint mechanism for victims of sexual violence. This study aims to examine the criminal acts of sexual harassment in universities as well as analyze the role and countermeasures carried out by the PPKS Task Force in handling these cases. The research methods used are normative juridical approaches and empirical juridical approaches. The normative approach is carried out by analyzing relevant laws and regulations, such as the Sexual Violence Crime Law and university regulations related to the prevention of sexual violence. Meanwhile, an empirical approach is carried out through observation and analysis of the implementation of the tasks of the PPKS Task Force in the campus environment. The results of the study show that the PPKS Task Force plays a significant role in providing psychosocial support for victims, conducting socialization related to the prevention of sexual violence, and enforcing anti-sexual violence policies in universities. In addition, the PPKS Task Force also implements various programs such as gender awareness training, legal assistance, and building a complaint system that is more accessible to students. The implications of this study confirm the importance of education and increasing awareness among the academic community regarding the issue of sexual harassment.

This study aims to examine the effect of work environment, work discipline, and work motivation on the performance of vocational school teachers in the Office Management and Business Services program in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A quantitative, explanatory research design was employed to analyze the causal relationships among variables. The research involved 100 vocational teachers selected through simple random sampling from both public and private schools. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed using multiple regression analysis.The results indicate that all three independent variables have a significant positive impact on teacher performance. Work motivation contributed the most, with a standardized coefficient of 0.351, followed by work discipline (0.366), and work environment (0.327). Collectively, these variables explained 67.8% of the variance in teacher performance. These findings suggest that teacher effectiveness is strongly shaped by both individual psychological factors and institutional conditions. Future studies should explore additional mediating variables such as leadership style, digital readiness, or organizational commitment, and consider conducting longitudinal research across different vocational disciplines to enhance generalizability.

A parenting seminar on maternal and child mental health organized by KPM UI Bunga Bangsa Cirebon students in Pegagan Village is a form of community service aimed at raising awareness and understanding of the importance of mental health in parenting. The limited knowledge of mental health issues in rural communities, coupled with high levels of stress experienced by parents, often negatively impacts parenting practices. This has the potential to hinder optimal child development, both physically, psychologically, and socially. Therefore, this activity was designed with a participatory approach, where the community is not merely an object but is also involved from the beginning of the planning process. This process includes coordination with village officials, seminars, and monitoring and evaluation stages, so that the community feels ownership and plays an active role in the program. The seminar featured speakers from psychology and legal academics who explained the relationship between parental mental health and fulfilling legal obligations to protect children's rights. The material presented emphasized how parental stress and emotions can affect child development, as well as the importance of parents' ability to manage the pressures of everyday life. Participants gained an understanding of strategies for maintaining mental health, including good time management, building open communication within the family environment, and strengthening social support as an emotional support system. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' awareness of the importance of mental health not only as an individual need, but also as a moral, social, and legal responsibility in creating a healthy, safe, and resilient family environment. Therefore, this parenting seminar can be seen as an effective educational strategy, not only strengthening parents' capacity to raise children but also building sustainable local support networks for the well-being of families and communities.

Animation has transcended its traditional association with children’s entertainment and emerged as a dynamic global medium that resonates with audiences across age groups. Beyond its role as a form of visual amusement, animation demonstrates significant potential in conveying meaningful narratives and creating emotional engagement through carefully crafted aesthetic experiences. A central element in the animation process is character design, where the combination of shape, color, and expression not only determines visual appeal but also functions as a medium for reflecting personality and emotional depth. This study aims to investigate the relationship between personal interests and personality traits in shaping visual preferences toward animation illustrations among children and adults. Through a literature review, the research highlights how individual interests—deeply influenced by developmental needs, social environment, and past experiences—play a crucial role in guiding aesthetic choices. Findings suggest that children are typically drawn to characters with simplified forms, bright and saturated colors, and exaggerated expressions that facilitate recognition, comprehension, and emotional connection. Conversely, adults tend to prefer more complex designs, incorporating nuanced emotional cues, realistic proportions, and layered symbolism that align with mature cognitive and emotional processing. The comparison underscores the importance of audience segmentation in animation design, particularly in creating characters that are not only visually engaging but also resonate with psychological and emotional expectations. By recognizing and addressing the distinct preferences of different age groups, animators and illustrators can develop content that is more contextually relevant, immersive, and capable of fostering long-term audience attachment. Ultimately, this study emphasizes that effective animation character design extends beyond technical artistry; it requires a deep understanding of human psychology, cultural influences, and the evolving nature of visual engagement across the lifespan.

The purpose of this study is to examine the contribution of leg muscle explosive power and foot-eye coordination to the shooting ability of PUPUS FC football players in the Mentawai Islands Regency. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study were all PUPUS FC players, while the sampling technique used total sampling of 22 people. The tests used in this study were the standing broad jump test, the foot-eye coordination test, and the soccer shooting test. The sample in this study was 22 people. From the results of the tests conducted on PUPUS FC soccer players, the results obtained were that there was a contribution between leg muscle explosive power to soccer shooting results of 12.40% and the remaining 87.60% was influenced by other factors, there was a contribution between foot-eye coordination to soccer shooting results of 2.70% and the remaining 97.30% was influenced by other factors, and there was a contribution of leg muscle explosive power and foot-eye coordination to soccer shooting results of 73.10% and the remaining 26.90% was influenced by other factors. The tests used in this study included the standing broad jump test to assess leg muscle explosive power, the foot-eye coordination test to evaluate the players' coordination, and the soccer shooting test to measure their shooting accuracy and effectiveness. These tests are commonly used in sports science to evaluate physical attributes that directly impact athletic performance. The results obtained from the tests indicate that leg muscle explosive power contributed 12.40% to the soccer shooting performance of the players, with the remaining 87.60% influenced by other factors such as technical skill, tactical awareness, and mental readiness. Additionally, foot-eye coordination accounted for 2.70% of the variation in shooting ability, suggesting that while important, it is not the dominant factor in determining shooting success. The remaining 97.30% of the variation could be attributed to other physical, technical, or psychological factors.

Bullying victimization remains a significant issue in educational environments, including at SMPN. This phenomenon has a detrimental impact on the victims, both physically and psychologically. Bullying victimization refers to the experience of an individual being subjected to aggressive actions by others repeatedly over time, with the intent to cause harm or discomfort. These actions can be carried out by one or more individuals and often affect the victim's well-being in the long term. One of the factors believed to influence bullying victimization is executive function. Executive function refers to a person’s ability to control impulses, plan, make decisions, and adjust behavior to achieve long-term goals. This function plays a crucial role in regulating responses to social and emotional situations, which can affect whether an individual is more vulnerable to becoming a victim of bullying. This study aims to examine the relationship between executive function and bullying victimization among 194 students at SMPN X Lima Puluh Kota. The research uses a quantitative correlational approach with proportionate stratified random sampling. The instrument used to measure bullying victimization was developed based on the aspects defined by Smith, et al. (1999), while the executive function instrument was based on the aspects outlined by Spinella (2005). The results of the analysis using the product moment method show a significant negative correlation between executive function and bullying victimization, with a correlation value of r = -0.863 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates that the better the executive function of students, the lower the level of bullying victimization they experience. Conversely, students with weaker executive functions are more susceptible to becoming victims of bullying.

This study is motivated by the importance of emotion regulation skills among university students who are in the transitional phase toward early adulthood, where academic, social, and personal pressures can affect psychological well-being. Spiritual intelligence is considered one of the factors that can support this ability. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotion regulation among students of the Faculty of Science, Technology, and Health, Universitas Sahid Surakarta. This research employed a quantitative method with a correlational design. The sample consisted of 196 students selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments were a spiritual intelligence scale and an emotion regulation scale, both of which had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed a very strong and significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotion regulation (r = 0.883; p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the higher the students’ spiritual intelligence, the better their ability to recognize, evaluate, and manage emotions. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of developing spiritual intelligence in higher education settings as an effort to enhance students’ emotion regulation abilities.

Education plays a fundamental role in shaping character, developing personality, and exploring students' potential. Schools should ideally be safe, comfortable, and conducive spaces for student growth and development. However, reality shows that the school environment is still vulnerable to negative behaviors such as bullying and sexual violence. Bullying is understood as aggressive behavior carried out repeatedly with the aim of harming the victim, whether through physical, verbal, social, or online media (cyberbullying). Meanwhile, sexual violence includes various forms of sexual acts without the victim's consent, which have serious impacts on psychological, social, and academic achievement. Sexual violence in schools not only harms the victims physically but also leaves deep psychological scars that may affect their future. To respond to this problem, KKM Group 30 Bina Bangsa University conducted a socialization activity entitled "Stop Bullying and Sexual Violence" at SMAN X, District Y. The main objective of this activity was to provide in-depth understanding, build awareness, and encourage mutual respect in the school environment. The outreach was conducted through several methods, including presentations by resource persons, educational drama performances depicting real-life cases, and interactive question-and-answer sessions involving active student participation. Interactive sessions are essential to engage students and encourage them to express their thoughts openly. The results of the activities demonstrated high student enthusiasm, increased understanding of the forms and impacts of bullying and sexual violence, and a growing awareness to report victims or witnesses. These activities emphasized that prevention is not solely the responsibility of schools but also requires collaboration between students, teachers, parents, and the wider community. This creates a safe, comfortable learning environment free from all forms of violence.