Publication Search

The origin of the universe can be viewed from two main perspectives, the Qur'an and modern cosmology. In the Qur'an, the process of creation of the heavens and the earth is expressed through the terms al-khalq and al-bad', which indicate creation from existing matter or from nothing. Several verses such as QS. Al-Anbiya' [21]:30, QS. Fussilat [41]:11, and QS. Adz-Dzariyat [51]:47 describe the creation symbolically in line with scientific concepts such as the Big Bang theory and the expansion of the universe. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method and philosophical reflection within the framework of Islamic educational philosophy. From the perspective of modern cosmology, the understanding of the beginning of the universe is based on the Big Bang theory, cosmic inflation, and microwave background radiation (CMB). This article also discusses the meeting point between revelation (naqlī) and empirical rationality ('aqlī), and emphasizes the importance of methodological dialogue between the science of interpretation and science. The findings of this study reveal that although the Qur'anic approach and scientific cosmology come from different bases, both can complement each other in deepening human understanding of the universe and its position as a living creature created by God. Therefore, the epistemological integration between the two becomes the basis for a more complete understanding in theological, scientific, and philosophical aspects of the origin of the universe

Mathematics learning does not only focus on students' mastery of numbers, but also functions significantly in developing the ability to solve problems holistically. This skill is not something that is taught separately, but is integrated into the entire educational process, offering a real context so that mathematical concepts and abilities can be understood and applied. One approach that is highly recommended to achieve this is Problem Based Learning (PBL). This method has been proven effective in improving students' critical thinking skills through exploration and solving relevant problems, allowing students' knowledge to grow in a constructive way. The low achievement in problem-solving competency in Indonesia is a strong reason to apply PBL in mathematics teaching. This study aims to analyze the literature on the application of PBL to improve students' problem-solving abilities. Data were collected and analyzed from relevant journals, and testing and comparison of results were carried out to identify patterns and results from previous studies. In addition, this study also applies a bibliometric approach to explore publication trends, keywords, and the development of themes related to PBL in mathematics education. The analysis was carried out using VOSviewer software to map the relationship between topics and the progress of PBL research themes in the world of mathematics education.

Cost theory is one of the fundamental concepts in economics that explains how firms allocate resources to produce goods or services. In economic analysis, costs are categorized into short-run and long-run costs. In the short run, there are inputs that are fixed, limiting the firm's ability to adjust the scale of production. This leads to the concepts of fixed costs and variable costs. In contrast, in the long run, all inputs are variable, giving firms full flexibility to adjust their scale of production, which results in the formation of the long-run cost curve. This curve serves as an envelope of various short-run cost curves and reflects production efficiency at different scales. Understanding the differences between short-run and long-run costs is essential for firms in making decisions, particularly in production planning and long-term investment.

  This study aims to analyze student activities and learning outcomes in the learning of Spermatophyta sub-material through practicum activities based on Exploring the Environment at SMP Negeri 4 Manado. The background of this study is based on the need for a contextual approach to biology learning and being able to increase student engagement actively. The method used was quantitative descriptive research with survey techniques, involving 20 grade VII students and 2 science teachers as respondents. The research instrument consisted of a closed questionnaire, an open interview, and an observation sheet. The questionnaire results showed that students responded very well to this learning method, with an average score of 83.4%. At the same time, teachers rated this approach as effective, with an average of 88%. Observations showed that students were active in practicum activities, enthusiastic in making observations, and involved in group discussions. The interview revealed that this environment-based learning strengthens students' understanding of biological concepts and increases scientific curiosity. The obstacles found include the accuracy of recording and the inequality of roles in group work. However, overall, exploring the Surroundings-based learning has been proven to positively impact student engagement and understanding, especially in connecting theory with real objects in the surrounding environment. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of applying contextual approaches in biology learning and suggest improving guidance strategies and recording of observations in the field for more optimal learning effectiveness.

This study examines the market mechanism from the perspective of Islamic economics as a response to conventional economic systems that tend to emphasize either free-market principles or full government intervention. In Islam, the market mechanism is governed by principles of justice, transparency, and balance among the interests of individuals, the state, and society. This research highlights the thoughts of classical Islamic scholars such as Abu Yusuf, Ibn Taymiyyah, Al-Ghazali, and Ibn Khaldun, who had already elaborated on the concepts of markets, pricing, supply and demand, and ethical conduct in transactions long before Western economists developed similar ideas. Using a qualitative approach and literature review, this article analyzes various market distortions such as ihtikar (hoarding), tadlis (fraud), riba (usury), and gharar (uncertainty), as well as the role of government in limited intervention to maintain balance and fairness. The findings show that the Islamic market mechanism is not solely focused on economic efficiency, but is also deeply rooted in moral and spiritual values.

This study aims to determine the effect of using concept maps on the speaking ability of grade IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Jeruklegi in 2025. The background of this study is the ability to convey understanding orally, especially the gap between formal and non-formal speaking. Therefore, a way is needed to overcome this, one of which is by using concept maps. Using concept maps, students can see the relationship between concepts visually so that students can easily understand and remember information more precisely. This can improve students' ability to explain material systematically and logically. The method used is an experiment with two groups, namely the experimental group that was given treatment using concept maps and the control group that did not receive learning with concept maps. The instrument used was an oral speaking test before and after treatment. The results of the data analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group, which indicates that the use of concept maps has a positive effect on students' speaking skills. These findings recommend the use of concept maps as an alternative to varied and enjoyable speaking learning.

Economic concepts are often considered abstract and difficult to understand by high school students. The lack of connection between the subject matter and the reality of everyday life is one of the factors causing low student interest in learning in this field. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the "home economics" learning approach in improving students' understanding of the economic system. The study was conducted at SMAN 12 Medan using a quantitative method with a questionnaire instrument that has been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that this approach was able to explain 59.2% of the variation in students' understanding of economics. This study suggests that teachers use contextual learning models to improve the effectiveness of the economics learning process.    

Zakat and waqf are two essential instruments in Islamic teachings that hold great potential in supporting philanthropic activities and social development. This study aims to understand the various types of zakat an   d waqf and how their management can be effectively integrated into modern philanthropic practices. Using a qualitative approach with literature review methods, this research explores the concepts, types, and management practices of zakat and waqf in socio-religious and economic contexts. The findings indicate that zakat includes several types such as zakat fitrah, zakat mal, and professional zakat, while waqf comprises productive waqf, cash waqf, and fixed asset waqf. In philanthropic management, both instruments require professional, transparent, and accountable governance to maximize their social impact. The integration of zakat and waqf into modern philanthropic systems not only strengthens the role of religious institutions but also contributes to poverty alleviation and sustainable development.

This study intends to examine the mathematical literacy skills of elementary school students in solving story problems. The ability to read mathematics includes not only understanding concepts, but also the ability to interpret, reason, and apply mathematics in everyday situations. The focus of this study is useful for evaluating the level of literacy competence of elementary school students. The method used in this study is Literature Review (LR), without direct observation in the field. Data were obtained through the analysis of various literature sources as well as the results of relevant previous research. The results of the study show that elementary school students still face challenges in understanding information in story problems, choosing the right solution strategies, and drawing conclusions from the problems faced. These findings highlight the need for a learning approach that is more focused on developing critical thinking competencies and contextual problem-solving. Learning that prioritizes real context, group discussions, and an emphasis on critical thinking processes is needed to support students in expanding their mathematical literacy skills to the fullest.

The pharmaceutical industry produces solid, liquid, and gaseous waste containing active pharmaceutical ingredients that pose serious environmental risks. These wastes can disrupt ecosystems and accelerate antimicrobial resistance. This systematic literature review examines pharmaceutical waste concepts, classifications, characteristics, and relevant regulatory frameworks. It also addresses ecotoxicological effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, antibiotic contamination and resistance, water and soil pollution, treatment technologies, industrial policies, and best practices. Findings show that conventional wastewater treatment is largely ineffective at removing pharmaceutical residues, resulting in their presence in surface water, soil, and even drinking water. Compounds such as β-blockers, cytostatics, antibiotics, and hormones harm aquatic life by impairing reproduction and causing mutations. Antibiotic-laden industrial waste contributes to the emergence of resistant bacteria. Recommended treatment methods include biothermal processes, advanced oxidation (e.g., UV/H₂O₂, ozonation), adsorption (activated carbon), coagulation-flocculation, and controlled incineration. Stronger enforcement of hazardous waste regulations (e.g., Government Regulation No. 101/2014, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 56/2015) and adherence to WHO (2025) guidelines are essential. In conclusion, multisectoral collaboration (One Health), improved waste treatment capacity, and adoption of best practices are crucial to preventing pharmaceutical pollution and promoting environmental sustainability.

This study aims to examine the extent to which students' abilities are in understanding mathematical concepts in depth, connecting them, and applying them in various life contexts. Improving mathematical understanding is considered to have a significant influence on the world of education. This is reflected in three main aspects: improving learning outcomes, strengthening critical thinking skills, and readiness to face global challenges in the 21st century. Students' learning styles are one of the important factors that influence mathematical understanding. Learning styles can be divided into three, namely visual (relying on sight), auditory (through hearing), and kinesthetic (through physical activity). Each individual generally has all three styles, but one of them will be more dominant. Students' ability to recognize and adjust their learning styles with appropriate learning strategies contributes to their success in understanding the material. This study uses a quantitative approach with a correlational survey technique. The research sample consisted of 30 grade XI students of SMK Ristek Jaya Jakarta. Data analysis was carried out through several stages, including the validity and reliability of learning style instruments and descriptive and inferential statistical tests such as regression and normality. The results of the analysis showed that the scientific approach had a significant influence on students' mathematical understanding, with a determination coefficient of 70.39%. This means that this approach contributes greatly to improving mathematical understanding based on students' learning styles. This study suggests further studies to deepen understanding of this phenomenon and make it a reference in learning practices.

This study is a descriptive and correlational study to investigate students’ mastery of essential mathematics concept and find the connection to their critical and creative thinking. The subjects of the study consisted of 234 junior high school students from various schools in high, average, and low qualities. The results of the study indicated that 1) Students’ mastery of essential mathematics concept are at average level; 2) The difficulties that encountered by the students come from internal factor (themselves), and external factors (teachers, the characteristics of mathematics, schoolmates and the facilities; 3) There is a significant relationship between students’ mastery of essential mathematics concept and their critical thinking; 4) The correlation between the ability to be skilled  in essential math concept and their creative thinking is at high level.

Indonesia, as a multicultural archipelagic country, has a big challenge in maintaining the integrity of the nation's unity. Ethnic, cultural, religious, and linguistic diversity is a wealth and a potential for conflict if not managed properly. This article aims to examine how national integration can strengthen the integrity of the Indonesian nation as well as the factors that affect the success of the process. Through the literature review method, this article analyzes the concepts, theories, and determinants of national integration. The results of the study show that national integration plays an important role in strengthening national identity, minimizing social conflicts, and maintaining political stability. Therefore, synergy between elements of the nation is the key to strengthening unity in globalization and global challeng

This problem is motivated by the low understanding of students' mathematical concepts in Mathematics subjects at SDN 005 Laggini, Bangkinang District, Kampar Regency City. One solution to overcome this problem is to use a learning modelIndex Card Match. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the Index Card Match strategy on students' mathematics learning activities in Class V of State Elementary School 005 Laggini, Bangkinang City. This research method is experimental research. The type of research used in this research is pre-test-post test group quasi-experimental design. This research involved fifth grade students at SDN 005 Laggini. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The total sample in this study was 63 people who were divided into two classes, namely 32 people from class V A as the experimental class and 31 people from class V B as the control class. The data collected in this study was analyzed using the t-test. Based on the results of statistical calculations, the t-table value was 1.666 and the t-count value was 2.003, which shows that the t-count value was greater than the t table (2.003 > 1.674). Next, based on the independent sample t-test on the p-value or sig. (2-tailed) is 0.005. These results reject the null hypothesis (H0), and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. So it can be concluded that the application of learning strategiesIndex Card Match in the experimental class it can influence learning activities better than the application of the lecture method in the control class.  

. This article explores four foundational pillars of Arabic semantics: Isytiqaq (derivation), Taraduf (synonymy), Isytirok (polysemy), and Tadladh (antonymy). These concepts are crucial for understanding the dynamic and layered nature of meaning in classical Arabic texts, including the Qur'an, Hadith, and classical Arabic literature. Isytiqaq provides insight into the origin and development of words through their root structures, while Taraduf illustrates the richness of Arabic vocabulary through synonymous expressions. Isytirok addresses the phenomenon of a single word carrying multiple meanings based on context, and Tadladh reveals semantic oppositions that enhance rhetorical expression and textual clarity. This study emphasizes the importance of these four semantic pillars in linguistic analysis and interpretation, highlighting their role in the beauty and precision of the Arabic language.

Interest and motivation in learning mathematics among Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) students remain relatively low, particularly in understanding basic arithmetic concepts such as addition and subtraction. This condition has led to poor learning outcomes and a lack of active student engagement in the learning process.This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Scratch-based learning media in improving MI students’ arithmetic skills. To achieve this objective, a qualitative research method with a case study approach was employed. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive analysis model of Miles and Huberman.The findings indicate that the use of Scratch media can enhance learning motivation, student engagement, and understanding of arithmetic concepts in a more enjoyable and interactive way. Thus, Scratch-based learning media is proven effective in improving the arithmetic skills of MI students. It is recommended that teachers utilize interactive digital media such as Scratch as an innovative alternative in teaching mathematics at the elementary madrasah level.

This article examines the teachings, doctrines, and practices within Roman Catholic Theology with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the liturgical structure, teachings, and leadership of the Catholic Church. The research was conducted using a qualitative method through literature analysis from various journals, books, and related scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Roman Catholic Theology is rooted in Sacred Scripture, Sacred Tradition, and the Magisterium, and it presents fundamental differences from other Christian theologies, particularly in its concepts of salvation, doctrinal authority, and worship practices. In addition, this study highlights historical developments, the influence of ecumenical councils, and the roles of Mary and the sacraments in the life of Catholic faith. These findings are expected to help readers understand the characteristics and dynamics of Roman Catholic Theology in its historical context and contemporary challenges.

The complexity of social reality often cannot be fully captured through quantitative approaches. This article aims to elaborate on the fundamental concepts, types of strategies, and field practices involved in qualitative research, particularly within the realm of social sciences. Through a literature review employing a descriptive-critical approach, this paper provides a comprehensive discussion of the characteristics, objectives, and key stages of qualitative research, ranging from observation and interviews to documentation. Qualitative research emphasizes deep understanding of social and cultural contexts, as well as flexibility in responding to the dynamics of the field. Accordingly, this approach is highly relevant for researchers seeking to explore social phenomena in a more holistic and reflective manner. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a preliminary reference for both academics and practitioners in designing and conducting qualitative research effectively and responsibly.

This community engagement initiative was organized by the Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Accounting, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia. The activity aimed to enhance financial literacy and public awareness of the Sharia capital market among residents of Sri Kuncoro Village, Central Bengkulu. The training focused on technical analysis of Sharia-compliant stocks, introducing participants to key concepts such as price trends, candlestick patterns, support and resistance levels, and the use of technical indicators aligned with Islamic financial principles. The objective was to empower the local community with practical skills and knowledge to participate responsibly and ethically in Sharia-based stock trading. The results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of technical analysis tools and their confidence in investing in the Sharia capital market.

Fiqh al-Lughah is a discipline that examines the philosophical and historical aspects of the Arabic language, including the factors influencing its development. One of the most rapidly growing branches of Arabic language studies is Nahwu (grammar), which plays a crucial role in understanding linguistic structures and rules. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Fiqh al-Lughah and the development of Nahwu and how a deeper understanding of Fiqh al-Lughah contributes to the analysis and application of Nahwu rules. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach based on classical and modern literature reviews. The findings indicate that Fiqh al-Lughah significantly influences the formation of Nahwu theories, particularly in the historical development of grammatical rules, word classification, and syntactic concepts in Arabic.