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This study aims to describe the nature of children from an Islamic educational perspective. This study uses a library research method by examining various relevant literature, including classical texts, the Qur'an, hadiths, and contemporary scientific works that discuss the concept of children in Islam. The results of the study indicate that children, from an Islamic perspective, have a very noble and strategic position, encompassing six main aspects. First, children are seen as a trust from Allah SWT. Second, children are a potential that needs to be developed. Third, children function as the next generation and bearers of the future of the community. Fourth, children have the right to receive a good and proper education. Fifth, children are positioned as subjects who have rights and roles in social life, not just objects of education. Sixth, children are also a source of happiness and well-being for their families and their surroundings. In the context of Islamic education, there are several methods that can be applied to educate children, including the method of role model, reward and punishment, the story method, and the advice method. These four methods play an important role in shaping children's character, faith, and morals in accordance with Islamic values. Understanding the nature of children in Islamic education is the main basis for building a generation that is faithful, has noble morals, and is responsible for themselves, their families, and society.

The digital era brings great opportunities for improving the quality of learning, but it also presents challenges in the form of dependence on gadgets, reduced social interaction, and the risk of exposure to age-inappropriate content. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach based on a literature review by analyzing various theoretical sources and previous research findings. The results of the study show that educators need to implement learning strategies that balance digital and non-digital activities so that all aspects of children's development cognitive, language, motor, socio-emotional, and moral can be optimally stimulated. Effective strategies include play-based learning, project-based learning, integration of educational digital media, collaboration with parents, and the creation of a learning environment rich in stimulation. By applying these strategies, children not only develop intellectually but also build character, creativity, and social skills. The key. Improving educators' digital literacy and active supervision from parents are the keys to the success of adaptive and humanistic early childhood education in the digital era.

Podorejo Village is located in the westernmost part of Ngaliyan District, Semarang City, bordering Kendal Regency. Its area is quite large compared to other villages in the district. Its population is around 10,000. Most of them make their living from farming, while others engage in trade. The area consists of agricultural land and gardens, most of which are planted with cassava. Cassava is a prominent commodity in the region, but its utilization has not been optimally optimized.Seeing the potential of the region, the Community Service team conducted entrepreneurship outreach to housewives in the area, utilizing local commodities, namely cassava, as the basic ingredient for various processed foods as an alternative business to help supplement family income. This outreach will increase the economic value of cassava, which previously only processed into chips and cassava tape. By innovating cassava processing into contemporary foods that are popular with children and ready to be sold in the market.Our community service activities included outreach on entrepreneurship, motivating women to start businesses utilizing cassava through various innovations. The activity took place on October 19, 2025, with 18 participants. They were very enthusiastic about participating. The outreach program resulted in an increased understanding of entrepreneurship and its management, skills, and interest in starting a business. Evaluation results showed an increase in understanding, exceeding 50%, after pre- and post-tests. The target output of this community service program is publication in national journals, HKI videos, YouTube, and through mass media.

This study aims to describe the religious habituation strategies implemented at PAUD Adz-Dzikra in developing religious and moral values among children aged 5–6 years, as well as to analyze the behavioral changes resulting from these practices. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research involved 50 children and 4 teachers. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the habituation activities—such as Iqra reading practice, short surah memorization, Dhuha prayer, and the Friday Cleaning program—significantly contributed to the development of children’s religious and moral values. Children not only recognized basic religious teachings but were also able to apply them in real actions, including reading hijaiyah letters, performing simple worship, demonstrating politeness, honesty, helpfulness, and maintaining personal and environmental cleanliness. The religious habituation strategies applied at PAUD Adz-Dzikra proved effective in internalizing religious and moral values in accordance with the indicators of the Early Childhood Development Achievement Standards (STPPA) stated in the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 137 of 2014. This study confirms that consistent habituation is a fundamental approach to developing religious character in early childhood.

Parenting communication literacy is a fundamental competence that influences children’s growth in cognitive, emotional, and social domains. Initial findings at Posyandu Teratai, South Tangerang, revealed that many mothers still relied on authoritarian and less dialogical communication, which limited children’s confidence and engagement. In response, the Community Service (PKM) team of Universitas Pamulang implemented a program entitled Optimizing Parenting Communication Literacy through Digital Media. The activities were designed using participatory strategies such as lectures, interactive group discussions, simulation exercises, and the dissemination of digital learning materials in the form of modules and videos. The program outcomes demonstrated considerable improvement in mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward positive communication practices, including the ability to listen actively, provide encouragement, and employ digital platforms as continuous learning resources. Furthermore, the integration of digital tools enabled mothers to access and exchange information beyond formal training sessions. The broader impact of the program was the establishment of a collaborative learning community at Posyandu, which not only supported families in applying positive parenting approaches but also reinforced community-level awareness of effective communication in child-rearing.

Pediculus humanus capitis, according to the WHO, is classified as a skin disease and ectoparasite in the list of neglected tropical diseases. The cause can infect the scalp, leading to many children suffering from iron deficiency and anemia. Its spread occurs through shared items. Therefore, traditional insecticides such as srikaya seeds and kemiri seeds, which contain saponins and flavonoids capable of killing head lice, are required. The obective of this study is to determine the most effective concentration, compare their efficacy, and determine the killing time of both extracts. The experimental research method involved treatments at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% with four repetitions. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of srikaya seed extract with kemiri seeds in terms of concentration and time on lice mortality, as shown by a two-way ANOVA test with a p-value of 0.000 (P<0.05). In the Tukey test, the average mortality rate for srikaya seeds was 4, and the average mortality rate for kemiri seeds was 3. The concentration of srikaya seed extract killed 50% of head lice LC50 at a dose of 0,14%, while the concentration of kemiri seed extract killed 50% of head lice at a dose of 0,28% with contact times of 30 and 60 minutes. This demonstrates that srikaya seed extract at a dose of 0,14% is effective in causing mortality in head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) plays a fundamental role in shaping children's character, moral values, and intellectual potential from an early age. However, many PAUD institutions in Indonesia still face serious challenges in management, where attention is focused more on operational sustainability than on improving educational quality. This study aims to describe the actual condition of PAUD institutions, analyze the causes of weak management, and identify the impact of operational orientation on educational quality. The method used is a literature study through analysis of various sources such as books, scientific journals, research reports, and government policies related to PAUD implementation. The results of the study indicate that weak management is caused by limited human resources, low managerial competence, minimal funding, weak planning, and a lack of supervision and community support. The impact is seen in the decline in educational quality and low public trust in PAUD institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen quality-based management that emphasizes improving educator competence, community involvement, effective management of infrastructure, utilization of educational technology, and implementation of continuous evaluation. Professional and adaptive PAUD management is key to realizing superior, high-quality institutions that are relevant to the developmental needs of early childhood in the modern era.

The community service activity entitled "Building a Smart Society: Reading for the Future" The community service activity entitled "Building a Smart Society: Reading for the Future in Early Childhood" aims to increase children's interest in reading and strengthen the role of parents and teachers in fostering a culture of literacy from an early age. The background of this activity is the low interest in reading among Indonesian children caused by a lack of access to reading materials, minimal guidance from parents, and increasing dependence on gadgets. Through this program, it is hoped that parents and teachers will be able to understand the importance of guiding children in fun, interactive, and continuous reading activities. The implementation method of the activity includes lectures, discussions, questions and answers, and observations, involving teachers and parents of early childhood children in the Mangga Dua Selatan RPTRA environment. Evaluation was carried out using pre-tests and post-tests to measure the increase in participants' knowledge. The results of the activity showed an increase in the average score of participants from 59.5 to 84.5 with an N-Gain Score of 0.6 which is included in the moderate category. This proves that the activity is quite effective in improving parents' ability to guide children in reading. This community service activity contributes positively to building awareness of the importance of family literacy as the main foundation for the formation of the next generation. intelligent and competitive. This program is expected to continue to be implemented sustainably to strengthen the reading culture in the community.

Minors today are increasingly involved in criminal acts, and this does not happen without reason. One contributing factor is the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Children in Ujoh Bilang Village have started consuming alcohol, influenced by several factors, despite being underage. They consume both branded alcoholic drinks and traditional beverages such as arak. Based on research conducted in Ujoh Bilang Village, Mahakam Ulu, several factors have been identified as reasons why minors consume alcohol. These include internal factors within the child, external factors such as family influence, environment, alcohol vendors, and cultural factors. These elements serve as the background for underage alcohol consumption in the village. According to the research findings, minors who consume alcohol are not subjected to criminal punishment but are instead given warnings or educational guidance and then returned to their parents. However, minors can be held criminally responsible under the juvenile criminal justice system if they are unable to control themselves due to intoxication, leading to criminal acts such as accidents, fights, or even murder. In such cases, minors may be prosecuted for their actions.

Meeting the nutritional needs of school-age children is an important factor in supporting their health and academic achievement, especially for school children who spend most of their time at school. One form of education about balanced nutrition introduced by the Indonesian government is the Isi Piringku (Fill My Plate) program. This program serves as a dietary guide that emphasizes balanced food consumption in each serving. The main objective of this study was to understand the extent of the influence of educational media such as leaflets, audiovisual videos, and games, considering the use of flashcards in conveying the concept of balanced nutrition and encouraging healthy eating behavior changes in children. Through this approach, the study sought to identify the most effective media so that it could be used as a model for nutrition education in elementary schools. The results of this study found that there was a significant increase in knowledge between the pretest and posttest conducted on the three media (p < 0.05), while a significant change in attitude only occurred in the Leaflet and Video media (p < 0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test also showed that there was no significant difference between the three educational media (p > 0.05).

Early childhood education plays a crucial role in building the foundation for children’s cognitive, social, emotional, and creative development. Creativity is an essential aspect that must be stimulated through meaningful and contextual play activities. This study aims to describe the process and outcomes of developing children’s creativity through the implementation of loose part play with the theme “School Environment” at TK Tunas Karya III Sukanagara. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving 64 children from group A and group B, along with their accompanying teachers. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of the children’s creative works during the activities. The results reveal that loose part play effectively enhances children’s creativity. The children demonstrated improvements in divergent thinking, imagination, and self-confidence. Moreover, they became more environmentally aware, utilized recycled materials to create new objects, and exhibited collaboration and responsibility in group activities. Teachers played an essential role as facilitators who provided support and guidance throughout the exploration process. The loose part approach aligns with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes active, participatory, and experience-based learning for young children. This study provides practical implications for early childhood educators to design creative learning experiences that are low-cost, environmentally friendly, and relevant to the children’s real-life context.

This study aims to examine the contribution of educational psychology in the context of Christian education, particularly for educators, school principals, Christian Religious Education (CRE) teachers, Sunday school teachers, pastors, elders, and church servants. This theoretical study shows that educational psychology helps in understanding the characteristics of learners, optimizing teaching methods, building effective teacher-student relationships, and enhancing motivation and involvement in the learning and preaching process. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through a review of books, literature, journals, notes, and relevant reports. Educational psychology plays a significant role for all those involved in Christian education and ministry. CRE teachers and Sunday school teachers have a crucial role in instilling faith values in the younger generation by understanding the learning needs of children according to their cognitive and spiritual development stages. This enables them to deliver God's word in an engaging and meaningful way. Meanwhile, pastors, elders, and church servants require an understanding of educational psychology to carry out more wise pastoral ministry. Psychological understanding helps them provide spiritual guidance, counseling, and support for members who are struggling. Educational psychology also equips church servants to lead with empathy, listen with their hearts, and guide the congregation towards true spiritual restoration. The integration of educational psychology with Christian faith significantly impacts the improvement of learning and church ministry, producing individuals who are intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually balanced.

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in children and is considered a surgical emergency requiring immediate diagnosis and management to prevent serious complications. Diagnosing appendicitis in children is often challenging because the symptoms are non-specific, and the child's ability to articulate complaints is limited. This case report discusses a 6-year-and-9-month-old boy who presented with a chief complaint of lower right abdominal pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and fever. Based on the results of the anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting investigations in the form of laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasound (USG), a diagnosis of acute appendicitis was established. The patient then underwent an appendectomy with good recovery and no complications. This case emphasizes the importance of comprehensive clinical evaluation and the use of non-invasive supporting examinations such as ultrasound in establishing the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. It highlights the critical role of timely diagnosis and intervention, which can lead to favorable outcomes and prevent the risk of perforation or other serious complications. Early recognition and appropriate surgical decision-making are key to improving patient prognosis.

The development of Information Technology in recent years has been very rapid, including the development of social media. Almost all layers of society use social media, and in today's life, it is difficult to be separated from social media. However, this development does not match the understanding of healthy social media usage. Not a few, in fact many, members of society have encountered legal cases due to a lack of understanding of how to use social media. Some become victims and perpetrators without realizing it; some people become victims because they are not proficient in technology, while others become victims or even perpetrators due to not understanding the legal rules. This results in legal consequences that will have broad impacts, not only on the children and their families but also on the victims and society. This legal counseling collaborates knowledge of technology and legal understanding, so it is expected to provide understanding to all teenagers at SMA N 5 Batanghari. About Ethical and Law-Based Social Media Education. Providing understanding to students of SMA N 5 Batanghari about a healthy digital culture: healthy and law-based social media education and providing understanding of preventive measures to avoid becoming victims or perpetrators of criminal acts in the future.

The advancement of digital technology has transformed children's media consumption patterns, marked by the growing use of short video content such as TikTok, YouTube Shorts, and Instagram Reels. This study aims to explore the psychological impacts of short video addiction on elementary school-aged children, focusing on cognitive, affective, and social aspects. Using a phenomenological qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving 10 children, 7 parents, and 4 teachers from two elementary schools. The findings indicate that children who intensively access short videos (more than two hours per day) experience reduced concentration, emotional instability, and social withdrawal. These results were analyzed using theoretical frameworks from Piaget (cognitive), Krathwohl (affective), Erikson and Bandura (social), and Young’s digital addiction model. The main conclusion reveals that short video addiction negatively affects children's developmental tasks, including logical thinking abilities, emotional regulation, and social skills. Therefore, digital literacy-based interventions and active supervision by parents and teachers are essential to prevent the long-term detrimental impacts on children's psychological development.

This study aims to determine (1) the forms of legal protection that exist in Indonesia in protecting children from negative visual and verbal content in online games, and (2) the legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for exposure to negative visual and verbal content in children. The type of research used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. The data used are secondary data obtained through document studies, with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study show that legal protection for children from negative visual and verbal impacts in online games is regulated through various regulations, including Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021 and Number 2 of 2024. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as weak age verification, non-objective independent classification, and easily circumvented language filtering. The legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for negative visual and verbal content on children can result in administrative or criminal sanctions, according to the Child Protection Law and iRegulation of ithe Minister iof Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021.

The Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) is a vital community organization with a significant role in addressing social issues. One such issue is the increasing number of juvenile delinquency cases in schools, which has become a major concern for both educational institutions and parents. Schools must be proactive in monitoring their students to address this problem effectively. However, traditional manual monitoring processes are inefficient and time-consuming. To overcome this, there is a need for an efficient, user-friendly, and multi-user monitoring system that enables both schools and parents to access information about their children's behavioral violations. This student violation monitoring system is designed to be web-based, utilizing UML (Unified Modeling Language) for system design and employing the Waterfall development method. The goal of this system is to provide an effective solution for managing and tracking student violations, allowing for better control and prevention of delinquent behavior within the school environment. By implementing this system, both school authorities and parents will be able to collaborate more effectively in monitoring and addressing student behavior.

Child exploitation is a serious violation of human rights that involves children as victims. In Indonesia, such cases frequently occur due to severe economic pressure, lack of education, weak social supervision, and inadequate law enforcement. Children are often used as laborers or sources of income, either directly in the informal sector or through digital media. This study aims to examine how the juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia addresses cases of child exploitation and to evaluate the effectiveness of legal protection for child victims. The research employs a normative juridical approach by referring to statutory regulations and relevant legal concepts. Data were collected from various primary legal sources, including the Child Protection Law and the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law. The findings indicate that although legal regulations are relatively clear and firm, their implementation in practice remains problematic. Coordination among institutions is not yet effective, social rehabilitation for victims is insufficient, and public awareness regarding children’s rights remains low. Law enforcement also has not fully prioritized the restorative justice approach, which emphasizes victim recovery and active community involvement. Therefore, stronger and more integrated legal policies, improved law enforcement capacity, and the empowerment of families and communities are required to ensure sustainable child protection.

Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of mortality in children under five, especially those living in households with active smokers. This study aims to determine the risk of pneumonia in toddlers from smoking families in the working area of Meuraxa Public Health Center, Banda Aceh City. The research used a case-control design with 33 respondents, consisting of 11 cases (toddlers with pneumonia) and 22 controls (toddlers without pneumonia). Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test. The findings revealed that the prevalence of pneumonia among toddlers from smoking households was 33.3%. There were significant associations between pneumonia incidence and several factors, including nutritional status (p = 0.024), immunization status (p = 0.034), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.027), parental smoking behavior inside the house (p = 0.009), and household ventilation (p = 0.017). Toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed, had poor nutritional status, incomplete immunization, poor air ventilation, and exposure to cigarette smoke at home were at higher risk of developing pneumonia. This study emphasizes the vital role of the family in creating a healthy, smoke-free home environment that supports children's well-being. Community-based interventions and educational programs are essential to prevent pneumonia and improve the quality of life of children, particularly in urban public health areas like Meuraxa.

This study is motivated by the declining interest of children in traditional games due to the rapid development of digital technology. Traditional games, however, hold great potential as a medium for character education, particularly in fostering values of cooperation, responsibility, and social interaction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the character value of cooperation that emerges through the implementation of traditional games among students and to evaluate its effectiveness in enhancing social interaction within the school environment. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach involving 23 students from SMPK Santo Don Bosco Lewoleba. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire comprising five indicators of cooperation: active participation, polite communication, care and support, acceptance of decisions, and responsibility and honesty. Data analysis was conducted by calculating the mean score for each indicator and converting it into qualitative categories. The findings reveal that the implementation of traditional games develops students’ cooperation values at a very good level, with an average score of 3.55. This indicates that traditional games contribute positively to students’ character formation, particularly in fostering teamwork, respect for peers, and harmonious social relationships. The study implies that traditional games can serve as an effective and enjoyable contextual learning medium to strengthen character education in primary and secondary schools.