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The development of digital technology has greatly influenced consumer behavior, particularly among Generation Z, who are dominant in Indonesia's hijab fashion market. This shift requires businesses to adapt their strategies to meet the dynamic, trend-driven, and digitally-savvy preferences of young consumers. This study examines the business development strategy of Leenavie.id, a hijab brand, and the challenges it faces in targeting Generation Z. Using a qualitative approach with case study methodology, in-depth interviews with business owners were conducted to gain insights into the business development process. The findings show that Leenavie.id focuses on product innovation, competitive pricing, social media as a primary distribution and promotion channel, and leveraging e-WOM for brand awareness and emotional connections with consumers. Success indicators include a high repeat order rate, positive market response, and external collaboration offers. However, challenges such as limited capital, small production capacity, and underutilization of the marketplace hinder scalability. The study suggests that enhancing digital adaptation, strengthening operational capacity, and fostering strategic collaborations are key to improving the competitiveness and sustainability of local hijab businesses. Future research should include consumer perspectives for a more comprehensive understanding of customer behavior and loyalty.

This study aims to analyze the development and scientific relationship between carbon risk perception, behavioral compliance of accountants, and sustainability mindset on the accuracy of carbon performance reporting through a bibliometric approach. This study is driven by the increasing need for accurate carbon reporting amidst global demands for sustainability transparency, as well as the limited understanding of the role of behavioral and psychological factors of accountants in ensuring the reliability of carbon reports. Research data was obtained from two leading scientific databases, namely Scopus and Google Scholar, with the main keywords "carbon risk perception," "behavioral compliance of accountants," "sustainability mindset," and "accuracy of carbon performance reporting." The data selection process was carried out using the PRISMA method to ensure the relevance and validity of the analyzed articles, while bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using VOSviewer software. The results of the study indicate that the topic related to carbon reporting accuracy has evolved from a technical approach to a behavioral and psychological approach. Network and density visualizations show that behavioral compliance and sus-tainability mindset issues are still new but have high potential for development. Meanwhile, the authors' collaboration map demonstrates the geographic limitations of research, which remains concentrated in developed countries. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications, namely the need to integrate behavioral theory and professional ethics into sustainability accounting research and to en-hance accountants' capacity to understand carbon risks to ensure the accuracy of future sustainability re-porting.

This study aims to analyze variations in flood inundation heights in Medan City through 2024 using a quantitative approach based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data used include field surveys, flood hazard maps, rainfall data, land use, and regional topography. The results show that flood heights vary between 0 and 100 cm, with distribution influenced by a combination of rainfall intensity, land use changes, drainage capacity, and topographic characteristics. The northern area of ​​the city has the highest flood heights and risk, driven by low elevation, inadequate drainage systems, and proximity to the coast and major rivers. This study emphasizes the importance of drainage management, river normalization, and spatial utilization control as effective and sustainable flood mitigation measures in Medan City. The findings of this study recommend improvements to the drainage system, river normalization, spatial utilization control, and the use of spatial data as a basis for more effective and sustainable flood mitigation planning in Medan City.

This study aims to analyze the effect of government expenditure and Regional Own-Source Revenue (PAD) on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Surabaya City during the period 2014–2022. The background of the study stems from the crucial role of regional fiscal policy in promoting economic growth and the observed mismatch between the increase in regional expenditure and PAD with the development of GRDP. The research employs a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis based on time-series data obtained from BPS and DJPK. The findings show that government expenditure and PAD simultaneously have a significant effect on GRDP. Partially, government expenditure has a positive and significant effect, while PAD has a positive but not significant effect on GRDP. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.998 indicates that both variables can explain most of the variation in GRDP. These results confirm that government expenditure is the dominant fiscal instrument in driving economic growth in Surabaya, while the contribution of PAD still needs to be strengthened to effectively enhance fiscal capacity and stimulate productive economic activities. This study is expected to serve as a reference for local governments in formulating more targeted budget policies

This research intends to examine the application of good governance principles in non-formal education services at the Sidoarjo District Education and Culture Office, concentrating on accountability, transparency, participation, and institutional responsiveness. The study is based on the necessity for effective governance to guarantee quality, fairness, and efficiency in educational services reaching broader communities. A case study approach using qualitative methods was utilized, involving key informants like the head of the non-formal education division, managers of training centers, tutors, and students. Data were gathered via in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation, then analyzed thematically to uncover implementation patterns and difficulties. The findings show that accountability has been reinforced through organized program assessments and reporting, whereas transparency has enhanced through improved access to public data. Nonetheless, coordination among agencies and the capacity of human resources continue to be major obstacles. Engagement and reactivity have demonstrated improvement, yet demand enhanced integration of digital systems. The research finds that effective good governance execution depends on the collaboration of policy, technology, and various stakeholders. Suggestions highlight the need for strengthening officials' capabilities and creating cohesive education information systems to foster more responsible and inclusive governance.

Digital transformation has become an urgent necessity for madrasas in improving the quality of Islamic education amid the rapid advancement of technology. However, various national reports indicate that the implementation of digitalization in many madrasas still faces significant challenges, including low teacher competence, limited infrastructure, and the absence of leadership capable of directing the change process regularly. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the strategies employed by madrasah principals in managing digital transformation as an effort to enhance technology-based learning quality. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, relying on secondary data such as scholarly articles, policy reports, and official documents from relevant educational institutions. The findings reveal that the success of improving technology-based learning quality highly depends on visionary and adaptive leadership, particularly in digital planning, teacher capacity building, infrastructure provision, digital learning culture development, and the implementation of data-driven monitoring and evaluation. This study emphasizes that technology becomes effective only when managed through strategic leadership capable of integrating digital innovations into madrasa governance in a sustainable manner.

This community service activity aims to optimize the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at SMK Negeri 1 Jember as an effort to improve the quality of human resources and student productivity. The main problems identified include low nutritional literacy, undeveloped healthy consumption habits, and weak synergy between schools, families, and local food businesses. The community service was implemented using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach through the Plan, Act, Observe, and Reflect stages, involving teachers, students, parents, and SPPG. The results of the activity showed an increase in the knowledge and skills of school residents regarding nutrition management and food safety, the formation of a healthy consumption culture, and the strengthening of the nutritious food supply chain involving MSMEs and local farmer groups. In addition, collaboration between parties has become more solid, thus supporting the program. This activity demonstrates that the participatory approach can strengthen the institutional capacity of schools while serving as a model for implementing adaptive and replicable nutrition programs for other educational institutions.

This community service activity aims to strengthen teachers' capacity to manage deep learning through the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in elementary school classrooms. The rapid development of AI technology provides opportunities for teachers to design more personalized learning, conduct assessments efficiently, and make data-driven learning decisions. The program is implemented in three stages: preparation, execution, and evaluation. The preparation stage includes the development of training modules and mapping relevant AI applications to support deep learning. The execution stage consists of workshops, hands-on practice using AI applications, and collaborative development of teaching materials by teachers. Evaluation is conducted through reflective assessments, task performance evaluations, and follow-up interviews. The results of the activity show significant improvements in teachers' understanding of AI-based deep learning management, including the ability to use AI for lesson planning, formative assessment, and analyzing students' learning progress. Teachers also reported increased confidence in integrating AI into teaching activities and recognized the benefits of AI in promoting students' higher-order thinking skills. This program demonstrates that strengthening teachers' competencies in utilizing AI can enhance the quality of deep learning management in elementary schools.

Murder committed by children presents a dilemma in the criminal justice system, as it must balance the enforcement of justice with the protection of children's rights. This article examines the problematic nature of juvenile criminal liability in murder by comparing the perpetrator's legal approach to that of adults. Normative juridical research methods are used to explain legal provisions, court decisions, and related doctrines. The results indicate that juvenile offenders are not solely focused on their culpability but also on the child's psychological capabilities, maturity level, and social circumstances. Meanwhile, adult offenders are held fully accountable, with a focus on punishment. The main challenges are the difficulty of proving intent and the need for special mechanisms for handling juvenile offenders of serious crimes. This study provides for strengthening the capacity of law enforcement, improving child rehabilitation facilities, optimizing diversion mechanisms, and educating the public to support humane and proportional protection and enforcement of justice.

This study analyzes the burden on health services and the level of regional preparedness during the 2025 flood disaster in North Sumatra Province. Using a descriptive-analytic design with secondary data obtained from official disaster reports, this research examines the number of affected households, displaced populations, mortality, and emergency response status across 18 districts and cities. Findings show significant variations in the magnitude of impacts, with regions experiencing higher numbers of affected populations demonstrating greater pressure on health services, particularly in emergency care, communicable disease prevention, and shelter-based health management. Furthermore, regions that activated emergency response status earlier and demonstrated stronger preparedness were found to experience lower health burdens. These results highlight the importance of integrating disaster preparedness into local health system planning to strengthen resilience against hydrometeorological disasters. The study emphasizes the need for improved intersectoral coordination, enhanced health logistics capacity, and readiness of health personnel to respond effectively to large-scale emergencies.

The floods that struck Medan City between late November and early December 2025 significantly affected the psychosocial wellbeing of children aged 4–7 years living in evacuation shelters. Children in this developmental stage are highly vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and behavioral changes following disaster exposure. This community service program aimed to implement an Integrated Psychosocial Support Model designed to promote emotional recovery among children and strengthen the capacities of parents and shelter facilitators. The methods included play-based psychosocial activities, safe digital literacy education, parental engagement sessions, and capacity-building for local volunteers. The intervention was conducted at two evacuation shelters in Medan Labuhan and Belawan, involving approximately 220 children. The results demonstrated substantial improvements in adaptive behavior indicators—group participation, ability to follow instructions, positive emotional expression, and peer interaction—with an average increase of 1.25 points. Social transformations also emerged, including the establishment of child-friendly spaces, enhanced supportive parenting practices, and the rise of local leaders within the community. These findings indicate that integrated psychosocial support is an effective approach for post-disaster child recovery and can be replicated in similar humanitarian settings.

The study aims to improve the passion fruit syrup production system at Harisma Home Industry, which has been hindered by an inefficient facility layout and complicated raw material flow. These issues lead to longer processing time, higher operator workload, and reduced production capacity. To solve this, the research uses the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) to evaluate and redesign the layout. TCR results show that the Raw Material Warehouse has the highest priority with a score of 119, requiring an Absolutely Important (A) relationship with the Production Room. The Parking Area and Waiting Room also fall into the Absolutely Important category, as they support smooth movements of materials and visitors. Meanwhile, the Toilet has a Very Important (E) relationship with the Waiting Room due to comfort and accessibility needs. Based on these proximity requirements, a new layout was designed by placing the Raw Material Warehouse next to the Production Room to create a faster and more efficient material flow. Other facilities were rearranged to minimize unnecessary movement. This new layout is expected to streamline processes, reduce congestion, and enhance overall capacity and operational performance.

Malaria remains a significant health issue in the coastal areas of Yapen Islands Regency, particularly among children who are at high risk of morbidity and mortality. To address this, a community empowerment and mentoring activity was conducted in Kampung Turu, the service area of Serui Kota Health Center, with the aim of increasing knowledge and practices related to malaria prevention through a community-based education approach. The program involved 60 respondents and was carried out in three stages: preparation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. The interventions included malaria education, demonstrations on the use of insecticide-treated bed nets, environmental management, and training community health workers as education agents. Pre–post test evaluations showed an improvement in community knowledge and awareness regarding malaria prevention in children. The community empowerment approach was proven effective in promoting positive behavioral changes and enhancing the capacity of parents and health workers to carry out sustainable malaria prevention efforts. This program is expected to serve as a model for public health interventions in coastal areas aimed at reducing the risk of malaria in children.  

This community engagement program aims to analyze and strengthen institutional synergy among the Special Crimes Division, the Civil and Administrative Affairs Division, and the Intelligence Division of the Palangka Raya District Prosecutor’s Office through a community-organizing framework and participatory collaboration. The initiative stems from a strategic need to optimize coordination, enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement, and foster the development of an integrated work pattern that is responsive to the complexities of contemporary legal issues. Using the participatory action research (PAR) method, the program was implemented through participatory assessments, thematic discussions, field observations, case simulations, and the strengthening of legal administration, all of which collectively contributed to substantial improvements in analytical capacity, professionalism, and cross-divisional communication patterns. The findings indicate that synergy across divisions not only enhances the technical efficiency of case handling but also generates institutional social change through the establishment of new work routines, the emergence of local leaders, and the strengthening of internal social capital. Theoretically, these outcomes reinforce perspectives from collaborative governance, organizational learning, and institutional change, which emphasize that institutional transformation can only be achieved through functional integration, knowledge exchange, and the cultivation of a collaborative institutional culture. This program recommends the institutionalization of coordination procedures, the utilization of information technology as a tool for data integration, and the implementation of continuous synergistic training to sustain the changes achieved. Consequently, this engagement contributes both empirically and conceptually to the development of an adaptive, integrated law enforcement model aimed at improving the quality of public service delivery.

This research is motivated by the importance of managerial skills in improving business productivity and efficiency, particularly in the entrepreneurial sector, which faces the challenges of competition, market changes, and limited resources. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of managerial skills development and its contribution to optimizing entrepreneurial performance. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which examines various relevant scientific publications and then categorizes the findings to obtain a comprehensive overview of effective strategies for improving managerial competency. The results indicate that technical skills, human relations skills, and conceptual skills play a significant role in supporting decision-making processes, resource management, and adapting business strategies to business dynamics. The findings also indicate that training, mentoring, continuous learning, and the use of technology are development strategies capable of significantly increasing productivity and efficiency. The implications of this research emphasize that improving managerial skills is a strategic necessity for entrepreneurs to strengthen competitiveness, increase operational effectiveness, and promote business sustainability. Furthermore, this research provides a basis for the development of more structured training programs and supporting policies to strengthen the managerial capacity of entrepreneurs.

This community engagement program aims to analyze and strengthen institutional synergy among the Special Crimes Division, the Civil and Administrative Affairs Division, and the Intelligence Division of the Palangka Raya District Prosecutor’s Office through a community-organizing framework and participatory collaboration. The initiative stems from a strategic need to optimize coordination, enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement, and foster the development of an integrated work pattern that is responsive to the complexities of contemporary legal issues. Using the participatory action research (PAR) method, the program was implemented through participatory assessments, thematic discussions, field observations, case simulations, and the strengthening of legal administration, all of which collectively contributed to substantial improvements in analytical capacity, professionalism, and cross-divisional communication patterns. The findings indicate that synergy across divisions not only enhances the technical efficiency of case handling but also generates institutional social change through the establishment of new work routines, the emergence of local leaders, and the strengthening of internal social capital. Theoretically, these outcomes reinforce perspectives from collaborative governance, organizational learning, and institutional change, which emphasize that institutional transformation can only be achieved through functional integration, knowledge exchange, and the cultivation of a collaborative institutional culture. This program recommends the institutionalization of coordination procedures, the utilization of information technology as a tool for data integration, and the implementation of continuous synergistic training to sustain the changes achieved. Consequently, this engagement contributes both empirically and conceptually to the development of an adaptive, integrated law enforcement model aimed at improving the quality of public service delivery.

The development of information technology offers great opportunities to improve public health services, particularly in managing health data for pregnant women and toddlers. However, at the community level, challenges remain such as manual recordkeeping, limited digital literacy, and the absence of integrated data systems. This community-based digital health data mentoring program aims to enhance the capacity of local cadres and residents to manage health data digitally, accurately, and sustainably. The methods included socialization sessions, training on health data recording applications, and field mentoring over a three-month period in community health posts. The results showed a significant improvement in cadres’ ability to use digital applications (from 45% to 90%) and a 60% reduction in data reporting time. Moreover, the quality of health data collected became more valid and easily accessible to medical staff and local health centers. This program has proven effective in fostering community independence in technology-based health data management and has the potential to be replicated in other regions with cross-sectoral support.

This study explores the implementation of circular economy principles within Safina Quilt, an MSME in Balikpapan that transforms textile waste—such as fabric scraps and discarded clothing—into value-added products. Safina Quilt applies the concepts of reduction, reuse, and upcycling throughout its production processes using quilting techniques, while simultaneously establishing an inclusive supply chain that engages local tailors, individuals with disabilities, and homemakers. This business model not only delivers economic gains by increasing profit margins and expanding market reach but also generates substantial social benefits by empowering vulnerable community groups. Although challenges remain, including limited access to supporting materials, constraints in production capacity, and insufficient digital marketing efforts, Safina Quilt demonstrates how MSMEs can successfully integrate environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Strengthening supply chain mechanisms, enhancing production capabilities, and improving digital marketing strategies are essential for scaling up and ensuring long-term business sustainability.

This study examines the communication strategy implemented by the Surabaya Transportation Agency in providing education about Traffic Impact Analysis (Andalalin) at Siola Mall with the aim of increasing public understanding and trust in the service. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through field observations, activity documentation, and literature studies, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The findings show that humanely designed communication—prioritizing empathy, information openness, and quality assurance of service—can strengthen the relationship between officers and the community and increase the level of public trust. Communication practices include the delivery of simplified technical information, two-way dialogue to accommodate citizens' aspirations, and demonstrations of transparent Andalalin procedures. Factors that support success include officer competence, consistency of message, and the use of communication media that suits the character of the audience. The obstacles found include initial resistance from the community, limited resources, and the complexity of urban transportation issues. The research recommendations include strengthening the communication capacity of officers, developing participatory educational materials, and cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainability of Andalalin's education program and improving the quality of public services in Surabaya.

Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) is a fundamental aspect in maintaining the smooth production process while maintaining the welfare of workers in the food manufacturing industry. This study aims to analyze in depth the implementation of the OHS program at PT XY, a medium-scale food manufacturing company, by reviewing the applicable policies, program implementation, obstacles encountered, and potential strategies for improvement. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach through direct observation in the production area, semi-structured interviews with 12 informants consisting of managers, supervisors, and operators, and a review of various internal company documents related to OHS. The research findings revealed that the company has a formally formulated OHS policy supported by regular training, but its implementation is not evenly distributed across all work units. Key weaknesses include inconsistent internal audit implementation, low worker awareness in reporting incidents, and a limited number of human resources with specific OHS competencies. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening the risk-based OHS management system, increasing human resource capacity, and integrating OHS indicators into the production performance evaluation system to support more optimal OHS implementation in the company.