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This study aims to analyze the role of the financial sector in poverty alleviation in Indonesia using annual data for the period 1980-2014. The ARDL cointegration approach is used to show the existence of a long-run trade-off between the financial sector and poverty alleviation. In addition, the Granger causality VECM method is also used to detect the direction of the causal relationship between the financial sector and poverty. In addition, to measure the time horizon and relative intensity of poverty in response to shocks experienced by the financial sector, impulse response functions (IRF) and variance decomposition (VDC) are used. Private sector money supply and domestic credit ratio are used as indicators of financial sector development, while poverty is measured by household consumption expenditure per capita and economic growth is measured by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. The results show that there is a long-run relationship between the financial sector, economic growth and poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Furthermore, the results show that there is a two-way causal relationship between the financial sector and poverty. The contribution of money supply and private credit ratio to poverty shocks is positive. Therefore, to accelerate poverty alleviation, the government can adopt a policy that requires commercial banks to provide convenient lending conditions for the poor and the private sector.

Abstract: The aim of this research is to apply analysis of Sigmund Freud's theory, namely personality structure, namely Ideas, Ego, Super Ego to literary works. The work is based on the novel genre with the title El Verano by Pia Devina. This research uses a literary psychology approach with reading and analyzing analysis techniques. This research method is qualitative, based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The results obtained show that the idea of ​​the character Afa has a strong id, seen from the many id impulses that appear in him, such as impulses to act aggressively, avoid responsibility, attack others, express emotions directly, and avoid fear. The ego of Afa's character is quite good, seen from his ability to control his id impulses, express his emotions naturally, make realistic decisions, understand other people's feelings, build relationships with other people, and achieve satisfaction. Super Ego The character Afa has a developed superego, which can be seen from his ability to feel various kinds of moral emotions, such as feelings of guilt, regret, shame, wanting to be a better person, wanting to forgive, wanting to be a strong person, and feelings of satisfaction.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the personality of Alara. The material objects used in the novel entitled "Lara Rasa" by Nureesh Vhalega. By using a literary psychology approach. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data obtained in this research includes all the phenomena in the novel. This phenomenon can be activities, characteristics and relationships, through critical analysis of the novel "Lara Rasa" and further analysis. This finding was obtained due to the concept of Hierarchy of Needs from Maslow. The five needs that form this hierarchy are (1) Physiological Needs, (2) Needs for Security, (3) Needs for love and Existence, (4) Needs for Appreciation, (5) The need for self-actualization. Aims to reveal personality attitudes by understanding the characters in the novel

This research aims to determine the love and affection needs of the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow using the humanistic psychological theory of hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow. The problem formulation for the novel Perempuan Shadow by Netty Virgiantini is the research object because based on the author's observations, no researcher has analyzed this novel specifically using a literary psychology approach. The method applied in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this research are physiological needs, security needs, love and affection needs for the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow, but the needs for self-esteem and self-actualization have not been found in the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the personality of Alara. The material objects used in the novel entitled "Lara Rasa" by Nureesh Vhalega. By using a literary psychology approach. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data obtained in this research includes all the phenomena in the novel. This phenomenon can be activities, characteristics and relationships, through critical analysis of the novel "Lara Rasa" and further analysis. This finding was obtained due to the concept of Hierarchy of Needs from Maslow. The five needs that form this hierarchy are (1) Physiological Needs, (2) Needs for Security, (3) Needs for love and Existence, (4) Needs for Appreciation, (5) The need for self-actualization. Aims to reveal personality attitudes by understanding the characters in the novel

This research aims to determine the love and affection needs of the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow using the humanistic psychological theory of hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow. The problem formulation for the novel Perempuan Shadow by Netty Virgiantini is the research object because based on the author's observations, no researcher has analyzed this novel specifically using a literary psychology approach. The method applied in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this research are physiological needs, security needs, love and affection needs for the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow, but the needs for self-esteem and self-actualization have not been found in the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow.

This study is about the idea of toxic masculinity as reflected in The Power of The Dog by Jane Champion based on the toxic theory of masculinity by Terry A. Kupers. In Kupers' theory, masculinity has toxic characteristics in the form of misogyny, wanton violence, aggression, and dominance. The researcher uses qualitative methods in conducting this research. Researcher focused on written data in the form of scripts from movie related to toxic masculinity. The researcher uses Jan Mukarovsky's dynamic structuralism approach. There is a relationship between toxic masculinity and hegemonic masculinity. There are many toxic masculinity traits that can be found in society. However, researchers limit the properties contained in the movie. The purpose of this study is society has knowledge about the characteristics of toxic masculinity and one factor of toxic masculinity. The results of this research contained 19 data which are characteristics of toxic masculinity and factors that cause toxic masculinity. Researcher found 4 (four) data covering the characteristics of misogyny, 2 (two) data on naughty violence, 6 (six) data on aggression, and 3 (three) data on dominance and 5 (five) factors to motivate toxic masculinity. The conclusion of this research is that the idea of toxic masculinity is not only dangerous for women but also for men. And the factor of the occurrence of toxic masculinity can also be due to trauma from the past.

This research aims to investigate the close relationship between the level of religiosity and psychological well-being in students of the Islamic Broadcasting Communication Department at the Faculty of Da'wah and Communication at UIN SU.  By adopting a quantitative approach, this research involves active participants in the program and uses proven measurement instruments.  By collecting data using a structured questionnaire, this research analyzes the level of religiosity and psychological well-being of students, and explores the relationship between the two.  The results of statistical analysis show that there is a significant positive relationship between the level of religiosity and psychological well-being in students of the Islamic Broadcasting Communication Department.  These findings support the concept that appreciation of religious values ​​and involvement in religious practices can make a positive contribution to students' psychological well-being.  The practical implication of this research is the need to pay attention to religious aspects in the development of academic programs, as well as providing appropriate psychological support for students who seek a balance between academic demands and religious values.

The study aims to identify the impact resulting from training, the state of the work environment, on employee performance at KSO TPK Koja. This study wore a descriptive quantitative approach. in this study the population used was all employees of KSO TPK Koja. The information in this study is primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to 37 respondents. Data analysis was tried using multiple linear regression methods using the SPSS model 25 software feature. The results prove that training has a positive and significant impact on the performance of employees produced, not only that, the work area in fact does not have an impact on employee performance.  

General elections (Pemilu) are a key element in strengthening the foundation of democracy, where voter participation, especially among students, plays a crucial role in shaping the direction of a country's democracy. This research explores the determinant factors influencing the decisions of young voters, particularly students in the Civic Education Program (PPKN) at Universitas Negeri Medan (Unimed) with Stambuk 2023. The primary focus of this study is to understand the motivations and barriers to young voter participation in elections. The research aims to analyze determinant factors in general elections, emphasizing the perspective of PPKN students at Unimed with Stambuk 2023. Through a survey approach and quantitative research design, the study reveals that student voters tend to make decisions based on in-depth understanding, personal beliefs, and active participation in political activities. These findings provide profound insights into the dynamics of student voter preferences and decision-making. Campaign strategies that prioritize effective communication regarding political parties, candidates' track records, visions and missions, work programs, and freedom of expression can enhance the potential for garnering support. Further understanding of personal values and individual experiences is also crucial in designing campaigns that align with the expectations and values of young voters. With this deeper understanding, the research aims to provide a foundation for formulating relevant policy recommendations to increase young voter participation at the university level.

Business ethics can be defined as knowledge about the ideal procedures for regulating and managing a business that takes into account norms and morality that apply universally and economically/socially, and the application of these norms and morality supports the aims and objectives of business activities. Determining profits based on business ethics is not always easy, so companies must pay attention to the fact that implementing business ethics is very important, because this can provide long-term benefits for the company and society as a whole. This research aims to find out how to determine profits based on business ethics in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a descriptive research method using a qualitative approach. The research results show that good business activities strive to achieve profits by paying attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the application of business ethics in determining profits involves a balance between achieving financial goals and paying attention to social, environmental and moral impacts.

This research uses a case study method approach to analyze student perceptions about citizenship education and its impact on economic progress. Citizenship education is an important component in the development of individuals as responsible citizens, and has the potential to influence a country's economic sector. In this research, we conducted surveys and interviews with students from various backgrounds and majors at a university. The data obtained revealed diverse perceptions about citizenship education and how understanding of social and political issues influences their views about individual contributions to economic progress. The results of this research can provide valuable insight into the role of citizenship education in shaping students' thinking about economic progress and how such education can be improved to more effectively prepare students to become active and productive citizens in driving the country's economic growth. This research also identifies the potential for collaboration between educational institutions and the economic sector to advance a more effective and relevant citizenship education agenda.

This study aims to determine the mapping of research around optimal portfolios in wealth management on stock investment with a mix-method approach, namely VOSviewer bibliometric studies and literature reviews. “Data analysis techniques include: (1) mapping the number of journal publications spread around the Optimal Portfolio using Microsoft Excel and Mendeley Desktop by year of publication; (2) mapping the results of bibliometric network visualization and journal publication trends around the Optimal Portfolio using VOSviewer (Visualization of Similarities) algorithm software based on the number of clusters and their items; and (3) map research topics around the Optimal Portfolio using literature studies. The results showed that: (1) based on mapping the number of journal publications, there were 500 journal publications around the optimal portfolio; (2) based on the mapping of VOSviewer bibliometric studies The results of network visualization around the optimal portfolio are divided into 6 clusters and 163 topic items; (3) Based on the mapping of literature review studies, there are 2 topics around optimal portfolios that often appear first optimal and second stocks. The implication and contribution of this study is to map research topics around optimal portfolios in stock investments that are often or rarely researched by researchers, so that they can be a reference for researchers afterwards”.

This research aims to analyze the influence of brand image and product quality on the purchasing decisions of culinary SMEs in the Baros District, Serang, Banten. The focus is to provide in-depth insights into key factors that can enhance the attractiveness and sustainability of culinary SMEs at the local level. The research method employed is a quantitative approach, with the population encompassing all consumers in the Baros District who have shopped at culinary SMEs. The sample consists of 60 respondents, selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using t-tests and F-tests with the assistance of SPSS software version 29.0. Based on the partial test results, both brand image (regression coefficient 0.790, t-value 9.310) and product quality (regression coefficient 0.794, t-value 9.592) significantly influence purchasing decisions (both p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicates that simultaneously, brand image and product quality also have a significant impact on purchasing decisions (F-value 51.517 > F-table 3.16, p < 0.05).

In this research, a machine learning approach, especially a decision tree model, is implemented to improve the analysis and visualization of weighbridge data in Indonesia. The evaluation results show that the decision tree model provides better insight in predicting the carrying capacity, dimensions and loading procedures of vehicles. The advantage of this model lies in its combination of low Mean Squared Error (MSE) and high R-squared, indicating its effectiveness in capturing data variance and providing accurate predictions. The use of decision tree models can be a valuable tool in improving the visualization of bridge weighing data, allowing users to gain additional insights and understand the complex dynamics within the data. In addition, the model's adaptability to various types of data makes it a versatile analysis tool. The positive implications of using this model open up opportunities to understand more deeply the logic of predictions and make more informed decisions. As a suggestion, increasing the number and quality of weighing equipment, wider application of information and communication technology, human resource training, and cross-sector collaboration can further strengthen weighbridge management in Indonesia.

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and continuing for 2 years in addition to providing adequate complementary foods (MP ASI) has been proven to be an effective intervention that can reduce infant mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship between oxytocin massage and breast milk production in postpartum mothers at the Madiri Rimenda Br Tarigan Midwife Practice, Medan Denai District in 2023. This type of research is research using an analytical survey with a cross sectional method approach. The population was all post partum mothers who visited the Madiri Rimenda Br Tarigan Midwife Practice, Medan Denai District, totaling 34 people. The number of samples used was 34 people obtained using the total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses chi square. The results obtained in this study were that from 34 respondents, there was an effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers, showing that the p value = 0.000 < 0.05. It is recommended for Health Workers to increase education regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding.

The most common anemia in pregnancy is iron anemia, this is caused by a lack of iron intake in food due to reabsorption disorders, digestive disorders and bleeding. This research aims to determine the relationship between family support and compliance with pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets at PMB Lismayani Lubis, Simalungun Regency in 2023. This type of research is research using an analytical survey with a cross-sectional method approach. The population is all 46 pregnant women visiting PMB Lismayani Lubis, Simalungun Regency. The number of samples used was 46 people obtained using the total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses chi square. The results obtained in this study were that from 46 respondents, there was a relationship between family support and compliance with pregnant women in consuming Fe tablets, showing that the p value = 0.012 < 0.05. It is recommended that health workers increase education regarding the administration of Fe tablets to pregnant women.

The study aimed to examine how Local Own-Source Revenue and Balancing Funds influenced the Economic Growth of Regency/City Governments in the Gerbangkertosusila Area between 2017 and 2021. Employing a quantitative approach via Saturated Sampling, the research utilized GRDP data from the East Java Province BPS website to evaluate Economic Growth, and the Statement of Budget Realization data from the official websites of the Regency/City Governments in the Gerbangkertosusila Area. Multiple linear analysis was employed for data analysis. The findings indicated a positive correlation between Local Own-Source Revenue and Economic Growth in the Gerbangkertosusila Area, while the Balancing Fund did not exhibit a significant impact on the region's economic growth.

Conprehensive holistic education is an educational approach that focuses on the overall development of student not only cognitive but also emosional, social and physical. In this context, education does not only focus on imparting academic knowledge, but also pays attention to personality development, interpersonal skills and individual psychophysical well-being. This journal outlines the basic principles and benefits of comprehensive holistic education to form a generation that is more balanced and able to face the challenges of the times. Therefore, ideally every person can acquire these skills in a comprehensive manner so that education is truly able to give birth to a generation whose character continues to master science and technology. By combining varios dimensions of development, comprehensive holistic education aims to create a learning environment that support optimal growth of students and prepares them facing the complexities of of modern life.

Education in the Netherlands is the responsibility of the government and is managed by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. The Dutch education system is renowned for its holistic approach, which focuses on holistic student development and encourages creativity and critical thinking. The education system in the Netherlands is very different from the education systems known in Asia, America, and even in most parts of Europe. In Europe itself, the Dutch-style education system is only known in a few countries, including Germany and Sweden. One of the differences in the education system in the Netherlands is that majors begin at the elementary level by taking into account the interests and academic abilities of the students concerned