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In this study, it is investigated how the optimal capital structure can impact the value characteristics of coal companies and whether the capital structure will have an impact on firm value through the mediating variable of profitability. The data collection technique used panel data from leading coal companies and applied regression analysis method to test the influence between independent variables, mediating variables, and dependent variables. The research findings show that there is a significant influence between capital structure and probability characteristics, with the mediating variable of profitability playing a significant role. The findings can provide valuable insights for coal company management in adapting its capital structure.

Transfer pricing remains a critical issue in international taxation, particularly for multinational corporations (MNCs). This paper assesses the effectiveness of transfer pricing mechanisms in managing intercompany transactions and ensuring compliance with international tax regulations. By reviewing case studies of large MNCs and conducting a cross-country comparison, the research evaluates the impact of transfer pricing rules on corporate profitability, tax avoidance, and the role of accountants in mitigating risks. The findings suggest that while transfer pricing helps MNCs optimize tax liabilities, it also raises ethical and transparency concerns that require stronger regulatory oversight.

Investment is a tool to earn income in the future. With so much uncertainty in generating income, it encourages someone to do something that will benefit themselves in the future. So that those who invest in the right way will feel calm about facing the lives of themselves and their families in the future. For investors, this research involved 54 companies and 11 companies were selected as samples through purposive sampling. The data analysis tools used in this research are classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation analysis, coefficient of determination analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results of this research indicate that partially the Liquidity, Activity Ratio and Profitability variables have a significant effect on share prices. Leverage has no significant effect on stock prices. Simultaneously, the ratio variables Liquidity, Leverage, Activity and Profitability have a significant influence on Share Prices of 88.2% and the remaining 11.8% is influenced by other variables.

This study aims to determine the influence of profitability, leverage and sales growth on tax avoidance. This research sample will be obtained from Property and Real Estate Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2021-2022 period. To find out the relationship between variables, data analysis is carried out. The analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis where for partial testing using statistical test t and simultaneous testing using the anova statistical test and before this test is carried out first a classical assumption test. This research is classified as TKT 3, which is proof of concept of functions and/or important characteristics analytically and experimentally.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence auditor switching. The population of this study are energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. The data used in this study were obtained through internet research (online research) on the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely www.idx.co.id. This research uses a quantitative approach. The sample was determined by purposive sampling method.  The data analysis used in this research is descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results of this study indicate that profitability, going concern opinion, company size, and financial distrees have no effect on auditor switching.

This study aims to conduct a semantic literature review related to the influence of financial factors such as Non-Performing Loans (NPL), bank size, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and adoption of electronic banking on bank performance in Indonesia. This study is relevant in providing an overview of how these factors affect bank performance and how they interact with each other in the context of the Indonesian banking sector. Method: A semantic-based literature review was conducted by identifying and categorizing relevant articles published between 2016 and 2023. The articles were analyzed based on keywords and phrases related to key topics such as NPL, bank size, CSR, and adoption of electronic banking. Literature data was selected from various reputable sources such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and JSTOR. Key Findings: This study found that NPL has a significant negative impact on bank profitability, while bank size can improve operational efficiency. CSR contributes to increasing public trust, which has an impact on financial performance. In addition, the adoption of e-banking has been shown to improve operational efficiency and consumer trust, which leads to improved bank financial performance. Contribution:This article contributes to the development of studies on bank financial performance in Indonesia, by linking internal and external factors that affect bank efficiency and profitability. This study also offers insights for policymakers and practitioners in formulating strategies to improve bank performance.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of tax aggressiveness, profitability, leverage, and an independent board of commissioners on corporate social responsibility disclosure with company size as a moderating variable in infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The period used in this research is 4 years, starting from 2018-2021. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study were 67 infrastructure companies that were still listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and a sample of 13 companies was obtained. The data analysis technique used is moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results of the research show that partially tax aggressiveness, company size has a positive effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure, profitability, leverage, an independent board of commissioners has no effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure, company size is able to moderate tax aggressiveness towards corporate social responsibility disclosure, and company size does not. able to moderate profitability, leverage, independent board of commissioners on corporate social responsibility disclosure. Simultaneously, tax aggressiveness, profitability, leverage, independent board of commissioners, and company size have a positive and significant effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure. The ability of the variables tax aggressiveness, profitability, leverage, board of commissioners and company size to explain Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure is 21% as shown by the large adjusted R square value. Meanwhile, the remaining 79% is influenced by other variables.

This study aims to determine the effect of Profitability, Solvency, and Audit Tenure on Audit Delay. The purpose of writing scientific articles is to find out the hypothesis of influence between variables, which can be used in future research. This research uses qualitative descriptive methods and library research accessed through Google Scholar, e-books, and other online media. The result of writing this literature review article is: Profitability and Solvency have a positive insignificant effect on Audit Delay, Audit Tenure has a significant effect on Audit Delay.    

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the period of 2022-2023 using financial ratios. The method used is the analysis of liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios towards the company's financial statements. The results show that in terms of liquidity, the company's ability to meet short-term obligations is still poor and tends to deteriorate. Meanwhile, the company's leverage level is quite high, exceeding industry standards. However, in terms of profitability, the performance of PT Unilever Indonesia is quite encouraging with profit margin, return on investment, and return on equity ratios above industry standards. Overall, despite its high profitability, the company needs to improve its liquidity and capital structure to maintain long-term business continuity.

This research aims to analyze the level of consumer satisfaction with service quality in the beauty services industry, especially in the nail painting business. The factors that are the focus of the research are improving service quality and time efficiency in the nail painting process. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that Angelnailartpky business owners have made various efforts to improve service quality and time efficiency, such as monitoring work, updating knowledge, and receiving input from consumers. Improving service quality and time efficiency is expected to increase consumer satisfaction and business profitability. The advice given is that Angelnailartpky continues to increase consumer satisfaction and strengthen its position in the beauty services market.

This study aims to examine whether leverage, profitability and operating capacity affect financial distress in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2023. The data used is secondary data obtained from www.idx.co.id website. Determination of samples in research using porpusive sampling methods with special criteria. The results of the analysis are known to be a significant value of  leverage of 0.000 < 0.05 with a calculation of -4.862 < table 1.992, so the variable leverage has a significant negative effect on financial distress conditions. The significant value on profitability is 0.000 < 0.05 with a count of 9,196 > table 1,992. So the probability variable has a significant positive effect on financial distress conditions. Significant value in Operating Capacity of 0.000 < 0.05 with a calculation of 8.422 > table 1.992, So operating capacity has a significant positive effect on financial distress.

The purpose of this study is to assess the comparative financial performance between conventional and Islamic banks in Indonesia by considering factors such as profitability, liquidity, operational efficiency, and credit risk. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method from various credible sources, the results show that conventional banks tend to use ROA, ROE, CIR, and NIM as the main profitability indicators; Islamic banks also use NPF and FDR. CAR and NIM affect Islamic banks' profitability positively against ROA, while BOPO affects conventional banks' ROA negatively. In terms of liquidity, Islamic banks have an advantage due to the yield principle applied. This is indicated by the current ratio, quick ratio, money ratio, and loan-to-deposit ratio, which show their ability to meet short-term obligations better compared to conventional banks. BOPO shows the operational efficiency of Islamic banks thanks to the principles of fairness and sustainability, while conventional banks excel in revenue management from assets and investor capital. The profit-sharing system in Islamic banks lowers credit risk compared to conventional banks. Although the operating principles of the two types of banking are different, this study found that each type of banking exhibits strengths and weaknesses in terms of profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and credit risk. It is hoped that these results will aid the growth of the Indonesian banking industry and help bank management and relevant stakeholders make informed decisions.

The automotive industry has looked quiet in recent years, this industry is not as busy as other sectors such as the property sector, mining or the financial sector. The aim of this research is to find out and analyze or provide empirical evidence regarding liquidity, profitability and solvency on automotive company share prices. Data collection in this research uses documentation techniques to obtain data. The data in this research comes from the IDX regarding company financial reports taken in 2016 - 2021. The data collection method is the classic assumption test. Prerequisite tests or classic assumptions (normality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, heteroscedasticity test), model test (ANOVA), hypothesis test (multiple linear regression analysis, partial test). Based on the results of the liquidity projection t test with a significant Current Ratio (CR) of 0.028, which means it is smaller than the normal value of 0.05, it can be concluded that there is an influence on share prices. For profitability, the projected Earning Per Share (EPR) is significant at 0.823, which means it is greater than 0.05, so it can be concluded that profitability has no significant effect on share prices. For solvency, the projected Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) has a significance of 0.032, which means it is smaller than 0.05, so it can be concluded that solvency has an effect on share prices.

This study aims to determine the effect of sales growth, profitability, asset structure and liquidity on capital structure which is proxied by the Debt to Equity Ratio with a population covering all food and beverage sub-sectors. Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the observation period, namely 2019-2023. Of all the food and beverage companies listed on the IDX, we selected 12 companies using a purposive sampling technique. Then to determine the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable, all secondary data is processed according to the indicators used and multiple linear regression analysis is performed. The results of this study indicate that profitability (ROA) and liquidity have an effect on capital structure (DER) based on the significance value of the t test of 0.001 or less than 0.05 and 0.17 or less than 0.05. Thus, the hypothesis that profitability and liquidity affect the capital structure can be accepted. While the variable sales growth and asset structure have no effect on capital structure (DER) because the significance level of the t test is 0.225 and 0.965 or greater than 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis that profitability and liquidity affect capital structure (DER) is unacceptable.    

This article aims to determine factors that can influence company value such as audit quality, voluntary disclosure, and profitability through a literature review. This article reviews the factors that influence company value, namely audit quality, voluntary disclosure, and profitability, an auditing literature study. The purpose of this article is to develop hypotheses regarding the relationships between variables for use in future research. The findings of this literature review article are: 1) Company value is influenced by audit quality; 2) Company value is influenced by voluntary disclosure; and 3) Company value is influenced by profitability.  

This research aims to analyze and determine how the effect of working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover on profitability (Return on Asset) in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. This research is quantitative research using secondary data which is taken from the company’s annual financial reports. Purposive sampling is used in this research to take samples. The analytical techniques used are panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews 9 software. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that partially the working capital turnover and total asset turnover have no effect on profitability, whereas receivable turnover has an effect on profitability. Simultaneously, working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover had an effect on profitability in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022.

The value of the company is reflected in the share price of the company which is reflected in the bargaining power of the shares. Company growth is one indicator or measurement of how the company is developing or grow in a certain period. This study was conducted to examine the effect of price earning ratio, profitability and company size on company value with capital structure as a moderation variable in PT. Unilever Tbk Period 2015-2022. The sampling technique in this study is using the purposive sampling method. The population in this study was 1 company with a sample of 32 financial statements. This study used quarterly data with a total of 32 samples and used SPSS 25 as a statistical test tool to test descriptive statistical tests. Classical assumption test, hypothesis test, multiple linear regression test and residual test. The results showed that the price earning ratio, profitability and size of the company had a positive effect on the value of the company. Capital structure weakens the relationship between price earning ratio, profitability and company size to company value.    

This research is intended to evaluate the marketing strategy implemented by the Mogobo Snack Tuban Micro Enterprise to increase their sales. Mogobo Snack is a micro business that produces fried meatball chips with a spicy taste as its characteristic. This research adopts qualitative methods using observation, interviews and documentation instruments. The findings from the research show that the Mogobo Snack Tuban Micro Enterprise implements a marketing strategy in the form of a marketing mix consisting of product, price, promotion and distribution elements. The strategy includes production of high-quality chips, pricing based on production costs, online and offline marketing, as well as promotion via social media and a door-to-door approach. The SWOT analysis shows several alternative strategies that Mogobo Snack can implement, such as increasing digital marketing, developing new products, collaborating with culinary influencers, and expanding into traditional markets. By implementing these strategies, Mogobo Snack can overcome the challenges of competition and changing consumer trends, thereby increasing sales volume and increasing its market share and profitability.

This research aims to examine the influence of profitability, solvency, liquidity and company size on company value during the invasion of Russia and Ukraine in sub-sector companies food and beverage listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2022-2023 period. The population in this research is sub-sector companies food and beverage listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2022-2023 period. The research sample was 25 sub-sector companies food and beverage obtained by technique purposive sampling. The data collection technique used is library research. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis. The research results show that partially profitability and solvency have a significant effect on company value. Furthermore, liquidity and company size have no effect on company value. The variables profitability, solvency, liquidity and company size simultaneously influence company value. The variables profitability, solvency, liquidity and company size in this study can explain company value during the Russian and Ukrainian invasion of sub-sector companies food and beverage which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2022-2023 period with a value of R square amounting to 49.4%.

This research seeks to examine the influence of capital structure on the valuation of food and beverage companies within the sub-sector that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the time frame of 2020-2022, with the inclusion of profitability as a mediating factor. Employing a quantitative approach, the study utilizes a purposive sampling method to select 29 samples from a population of 42 food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis of hypotheses is conducted through simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, and the sable test. The results of the study indicate that capital structure positively impacts profitability, influences company value in a negative manner, profitability does not directly affect company value, and profitability does not act as a mediator in the relationship between capital structure and company value.