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Background : A fracture is a broken bone caused by traumatic bone injury and weak physical strength. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020 the incidence of fractures is increasing, recording fractures occurring in approximately 13 million people with a prevalence rate of 2.7%. Fractures occurred in approximately 15 million people in 2019. Purpose : To find out the results of the implementation of finger grip relaxation therapy to reduce post-operative fracture pain in Flamboyan Room 7 RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method : This application uses a case study method with a research sample of 2 respondents, research instruments using observation sheets and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scale measurements. Results : Before the finger grip therapy was given, the patient experienced moderate pain, and after the finger grip therapy was given, the patient experienced a decrease in pain to mild pain. Conclusion : In this application, finger grip therapy has the effect of reducing the pain scale in post-fracture surgery patients.

Dental caries that often occur in children are often not treated or treated which results in a disturbance in the process of mastication function. The impact of mastication disorder will affect the decrease in the frequency of eating due to discomfort and pain when chewing. This causes growth and development disorders that can affect nutritional status in children. Research was conducted to find out the relationship between dental caries status and nutritional status in One Roof Kindergarten children in Aceh Besar Regency. This research is an analytical research using cross sectional design. The population taken in this study is all children aged 5 - 6 years at TK Satu Atap Aceh Besar Regency. Data collection is done by measuring height, weight and looking for nutritional status indexes using the dietducate application. As well as measuring dental caries with the def-t measurement method. The number of respondents in this study was 41 children. There is a relationship between the status of dental caries and the nutritional status of TK Satu Atap in Aceh Besar with the value (P=0.025) ἀ ≤ 0, 05. The conclusion of this study shows that there is a relationship between dental caries status and nutritional status in children in kindergarten Satu Atap Aceh Besar Regency.

Post Sectio Caesarea mothers will feel pain in the incision wound or surgical area. Pain will hinder Activities of Daily Living (ADL), attachment bonding and mobilization due to an increase in pain intensity when the mother moves. One of the non-pharmacological pain management methods is massage. The massage that can be done on Post Sectio Caesarea mothers is foot massage, because the nocireceptors or nerves that initiate the sensation of pain are located on the surface of the internal tissue and under the dense skin of the feet. Objective: To determine the results of the implementation of foot massage on the pain level of clients after caesarea section surgery at Kartini Karanganyar Regional Hospital. This research is a case study with a pre-experimental method with one group pre test-post test design. Using 2 respondents, pre-test and post-test pain scale measurements were carried out. Foot massage was carried out once with a duration of 20 minutes for 2 days, the pain scale was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The client's pain scale after caesarea section surgery before being given foot massage was in the moderate scale category and after being given foot massage it became light scale pain. There is a decrease in the client's pain scale after caesarea section surgery before and after being given foot massage in the Teratai 1 Room at Kartini Karanganyar District Hospital.  

Diabetic ulcers are one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ulcers can be aggravated by the presence of vascular disorders, such as arteries and veins because they will give a painful sensation to the ulcer area. Therefore, proper wound care is needed to minimize the effects of these vascular disorders, namely by reducing the compression of the wound dressing. This study aims to look at the development of diabetic ulcers accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders by providing decreased dressing compression during wound care. The research design used is a single case study on a patient with grade IV diabetic ulcer accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders. The intervention was to decrease dressing compression for 10 days of wound care.. From the wound care, improvement was obtained with reduced slough, the firm boundaries of the wound began to appear, the wound area was reduced from 10 x 7 cm to 9.3 x 7 cm. Decreasing dressing compression during wound care is considered a positive development for diabetic ulcers with arterial and venous compromise.

Papua is an island located in the eastern part of Indonesia. This island is famous for its various natural riches, agricultural products and unique culture. In the era of globalization, Papuan culture has experienced a drastic decline, with many young people abandoning their culture as native Papuans and following the times with modern culture. Without them realizing, there are many aspects and opportunities that can be developed to help the economy and can even introduce the world to the beauty of Papua through the art of painting. One of the characteristics of Papua is the beauty of the bird of paradise. This beauty can be used as an illustration of business potential by making art paintings of birds of paradise. Young people must play an important role in promoting the beauty of Papuan paintings through social media and showing the world that the potential of young people to produce works can be appreciated.

On average, 85-90% of pregnant women in Indonesia experience severe labor pain and 7-15% of those who do not experience labor pain. Labor pain results in increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system which causes an increase in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration, nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. Data shows that 15% of mothers in Indonesia experience birth complications and 21% are caused by experiencing very severe pain. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of cold compresses on first stage labor pain. The research design used a quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest. The population, namely all mothers giving birth at PMB Andina in May 2024, totaled 30 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling. Statistical tests use the Wilcoxon test. The research results obtained were that the average labor pain before the cold compress was 5.13 and the average labor pain after the cold compress was 4.00, meaning there was a decrease in the level of pain by 1.13. The significant value was found to be p: 0.001 < 0.05, meaning that there was an effect of cold compresses on labor pain in mothers giving birth at PMB Andina Palembang. It is hoped that health workers can improve maternal care during childbirth, one of which is by providing complementary services in the form of cold compresses.

Mural means painting on a large, permanent wall/wall media. The purpose of this research is to determine the existence of mural forms, determine the role of murals, and determine the public's views on murals in Padang City. This type of research is qualitative research. The research was conducted in Padang City with a focus area in Gang Muhajirin, Dadok nggul Hitam, Jl Bakti Parupuk Tabing and around Taplau, Padang City. Data collection uses observation, interviews, documentation. Data analysis uses Milles Huberman analysis. The research results show that the public is very enthusiastic and appreciates murals as a form of art that beautifies the city. The existence of murals is able to establish close relationships between the art community and the surrounding community. The role of murals in Padang City society can be used as a media for education, increasing social awareness, criticism, communication media and adding to the aesthetic value of an area. People's views on murals can be very varied and complex depending on their understanding of murals.

Background: Surgery is an invasive medical procedure to diagnose or treat a disease, which causes pain. Postoperative pain is a common and frequent problem. Early mobilization is very important as a gradual return to the previous mobilization stage. Early mobilization is carried out in stages to reduce the intensity of pain felt by the patient by carrying out early ambulation in stages from the first 8 hours. Objective: To determine the results of implementing early mobilization to reduce pain intensity in post-operative patients at the Cempaka HCU, Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: This type of research is descriptive research in the form of a case study. Involving 2 post-operative patients. The research instrument used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) questionnaire. Results: research shows that before implementing early mobilization on Mr. S, an NRS score of 8 (severe pain) was obtained, while for Mrs. S obtained an NRS score of 4, likewise for Mrs. Conclusion: After applying early mobilization for 3 consecutive days to Mr.S and Mrs.N, it can be concluded that there was a decrease in the level of pain in both patients.    

Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus which is caused by lesions or nerve dysfunction in the lower extremities due to chronic hyperglycemia through peripheral and central mechanisms which can cause symptoms of tingling, numbness, numbness, pain, burning sensation, etc. sleep, thus affecting the sleep quality of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This aim is to analyze the relationship between diabetic neuropathy and sleep quality in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Baladhika Husada Hospital, Jember. This research uses a correlation research design with a Cross-Sectional Study approach with a sample size of 43 respondents taken using the Pusposive Sampling technique. The statistical test results for diabetic neuropathy with sleep quality using the Spearman Rho test showed that the p value was 0.002 and r = 0.456, which means that diabetic neuropathy has a sufficient relationship with sleep quality. There is a negative relationship between diabetic neuropathy and the sleep quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, so it can be said that increasing the severity of diabetic neuropathy will also affect the sleep quality of sufferers. The results of this research can be used as a guide for sufferers of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic neuropathy to increase self-awareness in paying attention to lifestyle, maintaining diet, and routinely controlling medication in health services, in order to reduce the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy so as to improve the quality of sleep of sufferers.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by infection with the dengue virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The main clinical manifestations of this disease can be an increase in body temperature ≥ 38°C for 2 - 7 days, bleeding which is usually preceded by the appearance of red spots (petechiae), headache, joint pain accompanied by leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic diathesis. Liver dysfunction is one of the consequences of dengue infection that often occurs in patients. The liver is the target organ of the dengue virus which often appears in the form of hepatomegaly and a mild-moderate increase in aminotransferase enzyme levels although jaundice and acute liver failure are rare. Dengue patients have an increase in SGOT and SGPT levels. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between dengue IgG levels and SGOT and SGPT in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever patients at RSU Sinar Kasih Purwokerto. The type of research used is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling was carried out using a consecutive sampling technique. Results were obtained from 100 samples with normal SGOT SGPT examination results, namely 10 patients and high results, namely 90 patients. The results of SGOT and SGPT examinations in dengue IgG positive patients increased >3 times which was included in category B and there was a significant relationship between SGOT and SGPT levels in Dengue IgG positive patients, with a p-value of 0.000, indicating a strong relationship between SGOT levels and SGPT with IgG examination results.

Films have a huge impact in changing the perception of the audience. The film "Stealing Raden Saleh" presents a storyline that contains criminology scenes. Sometimes, perpetrators of crimes are not aware of their actions, because there are many factors that support them. This research aims to reveal the meaning of criminology in films using Roland Barthes' Semiotic Analysis. The film features various crime scenes, including theft, forgery of paintings, threats of violence, and fights. A qualitative approach was used in this research, with the aim of determining, understanding, explaining and gaining an in-depth understanding of the signs manifested in images and dialogue to describe the forms of crime represented in this film. The analytical method applied is qualitative based on Roland Barthes' semiotic model. By using the theory of denotation, connotation and myth, this research found that the most dominant criminological category from the data was the role of peers.

Betrayal trauma is a condition of pain experienced by a person after receiving bad treatment from people who are trusted. This research is motivated by the problem of indications of betrayal trauma due to cases of betrayal in dating relationships. The purpose of this study is to determine the empirical picture of individuals who experience betrayal in dating relationships and how the impact caused by betrayal trauma both physically and psychologically. This research method uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection uses interview techniques and the IES-R test. The main subjects were 6 individuals aged 18-25 years. The results showed that the empirical picture of individuals due to betrayal trauma caused fear in interacting and establishing relationships, especially with the opposite sex. Physical consequences include difficulty concentrating, difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach illness, and behavioural changes. Psychological consequences include difficulty in rebuilding trust, numbness/anger, anxiety, alexithymia, dissociation, and anxiety. This research is expected to provide new insights so that it can be used to provide effective guidance and therapy due to betrayal trauma. Suggestions for future researchers can develop research variables such as identifying factors that cause betrayal trauma, the effects of betrayal trauma, and strategies to overcome betrayal trauma independently.

Background : Based on the WHO suevey around 529 million people around the world suffer from osteoartgritis. In Indonesia people who ferment arthritis disease numer 181,556. Osteoarthritis is a chronic, progressive joint disorder that typically occurs in middle to old age with reference to cartilage damage located in bone joints. In osteoarthritis a deterioration of the caetilage tissue in the joint region will result in pain and rigidity that lead to motion impairment. Non pharmalogical therapy is recommended with steaming giner stew. Objective The ginger stew therapy is for lowering the scale of pain in oldet osteoarthritis. Method :  The research used was a descriptive study using case study methods. The subject pf the board’s diagnosis is two osteoarthritis respondens. Result : A case dtudy has shown that there has been a decline in the scare of pain in older osteoarthritis. Conclusion : The progression of the scales of pain before and after application of the ginger stew made 2 respondents had a decrease I the scale of the pain with a 2-3 scale

Background: Pain is the reason most frequently complained by patients to seek help from a health facility and this condition almost always indicates a disease condition or pathological process. Surgery as one of the causes of pain is an invasive medical procedure used to diagnose or treat disease, injury or body deformity. Objectives: To determine the effect of early mobilization on reducing the pain scale in post-operative patients at K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Hospital Semarang. Methods: This type of research is descriptive research in the form of a case study in November 2023 at K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Hospital Semarang. The sample was 2 post-operative patients. Data analysis by changing the data obtained in narrative form and interpreting the results. Findings: In the first respondent, after early mobilization for 3 days, the pain scale decreased from scale 6 (moderate pain) to scale 2 (mild pain), in the second respondent, before early mobilization for 3 days, the pain scale decreased from scale 7 (severe pain) to scale 3 (mild pain). Implications: provide information for nurses and future researchers regarding early mobilization as a development of nursing interventions to reduce postoperative pain

Surgery is an invasive treatment that involves opening a part of the body through an incision which ends with closing or suturing the wound. Molecular mechanisms for treating pain have led to the development of multimodal analgesia, combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Benson Relaksası is a development of the deep breathing relaxation method by involving the patient's key factors which can create a calm environment. To find out the results of applying Benson relaxation therapy to reduce pain intensity in post laparotomy patients at HCU Cempaka Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This type of research is descriptive research in the form of a case study. Involving 2 post-operative patients. The research instrument used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) questionnaire. The results of the study showed that before applying Benson relaxation therapy to Mr. M, an NRS score of 7 (severe pain) was obtained, while for Mrs. Trn.M obtained an NRS score of 3, indicating both patients experienced mild pain after the intervention.  After applying benson relaxation for 3 consecutive days on Mr. M and Mrs. H, it can be concluded that there was a decrease in the level of pain in both patients.

Sigmoid volvulus is an event in which a part of the intestine is twisted around the blood supply. This incident usually occurs in endemic areas which account for 13% to 42% of all intestinal disorders. The condition is most common in patients over 60 years of age and along with several risk factors. Presents with colic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and constipation; Usually there is abdominal distension, tenderness with varying degrees. On plain radiography, the key to diagnosing sigmoid volvulus is the "Coffee Bean" sign formed in the center of the image. The management that can be given in this case can be in the form of non-surgical and surgical depending on the severity of the patient's disease.    

Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological complaint resulting from an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood, resulting in pain. The impact of menstrual pain is very diverse, including young women being unable to walk, having difficulty sleeping, being in a bad mood, losing concentration in doing something, and so on. Gymnastics is a relaxation technique for experiencing dysmenorrhea. To find out nursing care for adolescents with reproductive disorders, dysmenorrhea, the design used in this scientific report is a case study. This case study results from the application of Evidence Based Practice (EBP), client K experienced moderate dysmenorrhea pain on a scale of 4 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 2, client R experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain scale of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 1 and client S experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain level of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to no pain on a scale of 0. Applying Evidence Based Practice (EBP) it can be concluded that dysmenorrhea exercises can reduce the dysmenorrhea pain experienced by young women during menstruation.

Physiological processes such as pregnancy, labor and birth can be difficult and can occur at any time, and can have serious impacts on the mother and fetus. So the SC ERACS method of delivery is an option. ERACS is a SC delivery technique that is becoming increasingly popular in society, especially among pregnant women because it can shorten recovery time after surgery and reduce post-operative pain. This study aims to describe the level of pain in patients post caesarean section using the ERACS method. This research is a quantitative descriptive study, data collection using accidental sampling techniques, namely all SC ERACS patients at H.A Zaky Djunaid Hospital for 1 month, namely 52 respondents. This research instrument uses NRS. The data analysis used is univariate in the form of a frequency distribution. The results showed that the characteristics of the respondents were mostly in the early adulthood category, namely aged 26-35 years, 27 respondents (51.9%), 34 respondents (65.4%) respondents who did not work, 24 respondents (46.2) who indicated a history of SC, and 41 respondents (78.8%) were multiparous. The pain level of post-SC patients using the ERACS method, the majority of mothers experienced mild pain on a scale of 1-3, 47 respondents (90.4%). The conclusion that can be drawn is that the pain level of post-SC patients using the ERACS method is that most mothers experience mild pain.

Assault is an intentional act that causes pain or injury to another person's body. So it can be interpreted that abuse is a form of criminal act. Based on the explanation of Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, it is emphasized that abuse that causes the victim to suffer serious injuries is carried out by a person against another person, even against objects, even though a person must be responsible for his actions. Criminal responsibility is intended to determine whether a suspect/defendant is responsible for a crime that occurred or not. What are the inhibiting factors in criminal liability for perpetrators of abuse which resulted in serious injuries to two victims based on Decision Number: 659/Pid.B/2019/PN.Tjk and what is criminal liability for perpetrators of criminal acts of abuse which resulted in serious injuries to two victims? Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis. The inhibiting factors in criminal accountability for perpetrators of abuse which resulted in serious injuries to two victims based on Decision Number: 659/Pid.B/2019/PN.Tjk are the legal factors themselves, law enforcement factors, means and facilities factors, community factors and cultural factors , community factors and law enforcement officers. Criminal liability for the perpetrator of the criminal act of abuse which resulted in serious injuries to two victims in Decision Number: 659/Pid.B/2019/PN.Tjk has met the value of criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of the actus because the defendant has committed an act that is prohibited as stated in it. in the Criminal Code.

History has recorded that the Fatimid dynasty was an Islamic dynasty that was born in the X century and had very brilliant achievements in Islamic civilization. In fact, this dynasty was able to compete with the two great dynasties at that time, namely the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad and the Umayyad dynasty in Spain. The glory of Islam during the Fatimid dynasty, was very developed, prosperous in the economic field, educational institutions were built including: the great mosque of al-Azhar which became a university educational institution in Cairo, Dar al-'Ilmi as a center for the study of Islamic sciences, astronomy and medicine . Likewise in the field of architecture, starting from magnificent gates, paintings, carvings, textile and ceramic products. All this shows the existence of the Fatimid dynasty at that time.