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This research aims to investigate teachers' skills in recognizing children's learning preferences as a support for the diverse learning process in early childhood. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data through classroom observations, interviews with teachers, and analysis of documentation related to early childhood learning. Teachers who are sensitive to differences in learning preferences can optimize the learning process and increase children's participation and understanding. Teaching strategies that are inclusive and support the diversity of children's learning are the key to achieving effective learning goals.

The study investigates the perspectives of university leaders from diverse cultural backgrounds on crosscultural leadership in higher education. Through indepth interviews, this research uncovers how leaders perceive and address cultural diversity, communication barriers, and ethical considerations in their roles. Findings suggest that leaders who prioritize cultural empathy and open communication are more effective in fostering inclusive educational environments. This paper provides a framework for crosscultural leadership training and policy recommendations.

The aim of making this final work is to convey life lessons, as well as introduce new techniques in the world of crafts, which are then expressed through the work in the form of visuals of fishermen's activities. The method of creation in this final work is carried out in stages, namely: the preparation stage is observations related to ideas and concepts of the author's interest, elaboration is the stage of exploring and displaying the diversity of fishing activities in terms of field surveys and electronic media, synthesis is the creation of an idea for a work , the realization of the concept is a stage of the work process and the completion or finishing of the work. Based on the method used, a work was created in the form of a wall decoration with fishermen's activities as the main object, which was made using the 3D Wood Shadow Box technique. The author created seven works with the titles: "Hope", "Reap", "Adrift", "Congratulations", "Shoulder to shoulder", "Rich", and "Alhamdulillah".    

As a country with different religious backgrounds, this diversity is one of the important advantages in building social harmony and diversity. The value of religious tolerance is also reflected in government policies that prioritize the protection of religious freedom and prohibit discrimination based on religious belief. The importance of religious tolerance in Indonesian society is also reflected in the efforts of the government, non-governmental organizations, and religious communities to encourage interfaith dialogue, strengthen comprehensive religious education, and support interfaith social activities. Through this initiative, Indonesians can raise awareness of the importance of religious tolerance and build a solid foundation for inter-religious harmony. This can be seen from the people in the Cipta Menanggal Block 65 Surabaya environment and the people of Balun Village, Turi, Lamongan. Although the two communities have differences, they have similarities in tolerance, both tribal tolerance and religious tolerance. In addition, celebrations and commemorations of religious days and have similarities in accepting mixed marriages among the younger generation. There is still mutual respect as human beings, as well as religious people

Gender diversity and education level of management level is one from many issues that raised where companies are continually innovating and seeking the best ways to generate higher profit through years. Therefore this research aims to find evidence of whether there is an influence of gender diversity and education level on the increase of company’s profitability, which is studied through descriptive analysis by reviewing the literature from 15 studies obtained from google scholar and emerald insight. The result was found that the gender composition and the level of education do not have a direct impact on a company's profitability but rather depend on how the company can maximize them to get more benefits from the existency of woman on the companyy’s management level job.     Keywords:  Gender Diversity, Education level, and Profitability

The rapid growth of cross-platform applications has significantly increased the volume and diversity of sensitive user data processed across heterogeneous and distributed environments. Personally identifiable information, device identifiers, behavioral data, and financial information are routinely collected to support personalization, analytics, and service optimization. While these practices enhance application functionality and user experience, they also introduce substantial privacy risks, including unauthorized data access, device fingerprint–based re-identification, cross-user data leakage, and large-scale data breaches. These risks are further amplified by distributed processing architectures and extensive third-party library integrations commonly used in modern cross-platform systems. This study aims to systematically analyze privacy issues in cross-platform applications by examining the types of sensitive data involved, identifying dominant privacy threats, and reviewing state-of-the-art privacy-preserving mitigation strategies. A systematic literature-based methodology was employed, focusing on recent Scopus-indexed journal articles, conference papers, and book chapters. The analysis synthesizes findings using thematic categorization and a conceptual research framework that maps sensitive data sources to privacy threats and corresponding mitigation mechanisms. The results indicate that privacy risks in cross-platform applications originate not only from external attacks but also from internal architectural weaknesses, such as flawed authorization logic and excessive data sharing across system components. Privacy-preserving techniques including differential privacy, federated learning, blockchain-based data governance, secure multi-party computation, and fine-grained access control mechanisms are shown to provide stronger privacy guarantees compared to conventional centralized approaches. However, these techniques also present trade-offs related to system complexity and performance. Overall, the study highlights the importance of adopting a multi-layered, privacy-by-design approach to ensure sustainable, trustworthy, and regulation-compliant cross-platform application development.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of octopus fishing gear use on coral reef ecosystems in Simeulue District. The research was conducted in May 2024, with research methods combining in-depth interviews and field observations. The results show that the use of unsustainable fishing gear, such as nets, contributes to the destruction of coral reefs, which negatively impacts marine biodiversity. Although fishers recognize the importance of ecosystem sustainability, challenges in adopting environmentally friendly practices still exist, including a lack of law enforcement and education. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for collaboration between the government and fishing communities in formulating more effective fisheries resource management policies, as well as the importance of training in sustainable fishing techniques. The study provides recommendations for the implementation of stricter regulations on the use of fishing gear, as well as encouraging active participation of fishers in fisheries resource management.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of degradation on mangrove forest ecosystems and analyze innovative strategies used to maintain the sustainability of these ecosystems. The method used is the literature review method, in which various sources of relevant scientific literature are systematically evaluated. The results of this study show that mangrove forest degradation has serious consequences for coastal ecosystems, including biodiversity loss, increased risk of natural disasters, and decreased water quality. However, various strategies have been developed to address these challenges, including ecosystem restoration, sustainable management, local community participation, and the application of modern technology. A thorough discussion of the findings reveals that the integration of these strategies can provide effective solutions in preserving mangrove forests and strengthening the resilience of coastal ecosystems. The practical implication of this study is the importance of adopting innovative strategies in environmental management, while future research directions include increasing collaboration among stakeholders and developing more advanced technologies to support sustainable mangrove forest conservation.

This research reveals that the use of Indonesian in Shopee advertising is a relevant strategy and has a positive impact. The accuracy of linguistic context is the main focus, reflecting wise policies in capturing linguistic diversity in Indonesia. Understanding dialects, phrases and linguistic norms in each region is the main key in creating appropriate and relevant messages. Shopee succeeded in tailoring messages well, in depth, and connecting with consumers from various walks of life, creating significant personal closeness. Language diversity in Indonesia is recognized as the key to success, ensuring that Shopee advertising is not only a marketing effort, but also an authentic communication that is close to consumers' daily lives. Linguistic creativity is an important factor in attracting consumer attention. Puns, local humor and creative expressions create marketing messages that are interesting, entertaining and different from competitors. This creativity is not only a sweetening element, but also an effective strategy in building a positive, attractive and educational brand image. Shopee has successfully utilized Indonesian creatively, not only as a shopping platform, but also as a provider of entertaining and attention-grabbing content. This relevance is not just a communication tool, but also the foundation for building deep and meaningful relationships with consumers in diverse markets. This research highlights that Indonesian is not just words, but a force that can shape feelings, win the hearts of consumers, and create a positive impact in the world of e-commerce.

In developing an independent curriculum in Indonesia, one of them cannot be separated from the role of philosophy of science, which in curriculum development is the spirit or foundation of education which must be evaluated, studied periodically, innovative and dynamic following changing times, such as the philosophical Ki Hajar Dewantara who stated that education is appropriate. the nature of nature and the nature of the times, meaning that education develops according to the times. Of course, all the changes and developments that occur in the educational curriculum cannot be separated from the results of several studies on how the implementation of this independent curriculum can overcome learning loss, the effects of the Covid pandemic plus the global challenges of change from era 4.0 to Society 5.0, which has the impact that today's generation needs. have the ability to think critically, creatively and innovatively. In the independent curriculum, it can be seen that the superiority of its characteristics is that the material is simpler and more in-depth and there is a significant reduction in material. The materials presented are limited to essential material. Reducing material provides an opportunity for students to explore the material more comprehensively. Next is more independence, which means that in an independent curriculum, students are given more freedom to choose the subjects they are interested in according to their interests, talents, potential and aspirations. Meanwhile, teachers can teach according to the stages of student achievement and development. So it is more relevant and interactive. Students are guided to be able to collaborate, work together to form groups to identify problems that are becoming issues to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students, namely faith and devotion to God Almighty and noble character, global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. The essence of this independent curriculum is independent learning. This aims to enable students to explore their respective interests, potential and talents.

Diversity is an integral part of Indonesian society, often giving rise to conflicts that adversely affect the community. Therefore, through the implementation of the Thematic Real Work Lecture (KKN-T) in the Academic Year 2022/2023, the Research and Community Service Institute (LPPM) of IAKN Toraja focuses on the theme "Implementation of Religious Moderation in Social Action." The objective of KKN-T with this theme is to achieve a moderate community life amidst diversity. The method employed in this community service is field research with a qualitative approach. Data collection involves observation and documentation of the KKN-T student programs. The results of the community service indicate that the students have executed nine programs contributing to the realization of the KKN-T theme.

With thousands of islands and long beaches, Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world. With this geographical diversity, there is a lot of potential in the maritime sector, including abundant marine resources. Indonesia's maritime affairs greatly influence its history, culture and economic progress. There is no doubt that Indonesia's rich maritime resources must be utilized properly so that they can become a sustainable resource for the country's future. The method used is library research. Specific characteristics that are used as a basis for developing research knowledge include; This research is confronted directly with the data or text presented, not with field data or through eyewitnesses in the form of events, researchers only deal directly with sources that already exist in the library or ready-to-use data, as well as secondary data used. The results obtained are: To ensure the sustainability of its rich and important maritime sector, Indonesia can utilize its rich maritime traditions as capital to achieve sustainable economic growth and preserve the marine environment. Indonesia has the opportunity to build a generation that is aware of the importance of maintaining the sustainability of marine ecosystems and local wisdom as an important cultural heritage.

This research aims to find out what communication styles are used in the Mapala Stacia Umj UKM organization. The communication styles used definitely vary, because it can be seen from members who come from various faculties, of course everyone has a communication style that they use. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the communication style used in the Mapala Stacia UKM organization. The Mapala Stacia organization is a group of nature lovers dedicated to promoting environmental awareness and natural activities. With a focus on climbing, nature research and environmental conservation, Mapala Stacia is committed to forming a generation that is aware of the importance of conserving biodiversity. This research is qualitative research using interview techniques with one of the members of Mapala Stacia, Muhammadiyah University, Jakarta. Researchers want to know more specifically the communication style used in the Mapala Stacia UKM organization. The results of research conducted by researchers are that the communication style used is a non-formal communication style but remains polite in communicating between leaders and members, or members and members, cultural background does not hinder the communication process within the Mapala Stacia Umj organization in discussing a matter.

Religious Courts in Indonesia have unique, complex and interesting aspects, reflecting the diversity of religions and cultures in society. This uniqueness includes the legal basis, the role of religious courts in resolving religion-based conflicts, as well as the various challenges faced in ensuring justice. Religious Courts also present unique and interesting dynamics in the state justice system. The uniqueness of Religious Courts lies in the harmonization of religious law and national positive law, creating a unique and often complex legal framework. This article aims to describe and analyze the unique aspects of religious justice in Indonesia. With a deeper understanding of these challenges, efforts can be directed towards improving and developing the religious justice system so that it remains relevant and effective in handling legal conflicts related to religious aspects in Indonesian society. This research examines the implementation of unique aspects in the religious justice system in Indonesia. The religious justice system in Indonesia has unique characteristics that reflect various cultural, religious and social dimensions in a country with a diverse population. As a country with a majority Muslim population, religious courts play an important role in enforcing family and marriage laws based on Islamic law. This study underlines the importance of understanding the unique aspects of religious justice in Indonesia in the context of a legal state based on the supremacy of law. Ensuring a balance between local values, religion, and national positive law is a complex task, but essential to achieving justice in Indonesia’s rapidly evolving religious justice system.

Literacy is a complex skill possessed by an individual to utilize potential and abilities in processing and understanding information through activities such as reading, writing, speaking, calculating, and problem-solving. With literacy skills, one can apply their knowledge and experiences as references for the future. As responsible citizens, the skills of cultural and citizenship literacy become crucial aspects that must be mastered by elementary school students. This is considering the students' character in discerning and selecting the noble cultural values of the nation as a basis for their attitudes, actions, and behaviors amidst the diversity of society, nation, and state. This research was conducted at SD Lab School FIP UMJ using the SWOT analysis method. The research results indicate that cultural and citizenship literacy has been implemented at SD Lab School FIP UMJ and plays a significant role in enhancing the cultural and citizenship values of students.

This article examines drama texts that focus on pragmatic aspects, namely illocutionary speech acts. The texts studied are drama texts listed in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013. The background of this article is based on the diversity of the application of illocutionary speech acts in the drama text. The purpose of this article is to analyze illocutionary speech acts in drama texts. The method used in this research uses a methodological approach, namely descriptive qualitative, and a theoretical approach, namely pragmatics. The data of this article consists of a group of sentences that form a paragraph taken from the drama text in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013 and studied commensurate with the classification of illocutionary speech acts. The data source comes from the drama text in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013. The techniques used are note-taking techniques and listening techniques or reading data which are data collection techniques. The data analysis technique in the research uses agih and padan techniques. Data presentation techniques with informal techniques. From the existing data, the conclusion is that there are several forms of speech acts in the drama text, namely: representative/assertive, expressive, commissive, directive, and declarative illocutionary speech acts contained in the drama text. This article has benefits for students because it can provide knowledge about the classification of illocutionary speech acts.

This article examines drama texts that focus on pragmatic aspects, namely illocutionary speech acts. The texts studied are drama texts listed in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013. The background of this article is based on the diversity of the application of illocutionary speech acts in the drama text. The purpose of this article is to analyze illocutionary speech acts in drama texts. The method used in this research uses a methodological approach, namely descriptive qualitative, and a theoretical approach, namely pragmatics. The data of this article consists of a group of sentences that form a paragraph taken from the drama text in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013 and studied commensurate with the classification of illocutionary speech acts. The data source comes from the drama text in the Indonesian Language Book Class VIII Curriculum 2013. The techniques used are note-taking techniques and listening techniques or reading data which are data collection techniques. The data analysis technique in the research uses agih and padan techniques. Data presentation techniques with informal techniques. From the existing data, the conclusion is that there are several forms of speech acts in the drama text, namely: representative/assertive, expressive, commissive, directive, and declarative illocutionary speech acts contained in the drama text. This article has benefits for students because it can provide knowledge about the classification of illocutionary speech acts.

The questions that arise as problems in this research arise, namely: 1) Are there signs or symbols regarding the appreciation of the value of diversity as a reinforcement of Indonesian human identity at SDN 049/IV Jambi Timur 2) Do individuals within them maintain harmony and mutual respect for differences in the world? SDN 049/Iv Jambi Timur school and 3) Has the appreciation of Pancasila values at SDN 049/Iv Jambi Timur been implemented as an effort to strengthen Indonesian human identity? This research uses qualitative research. This method is used to examine natural objects and the researcher acts as an instrument. key. The data collection techniques used are triangulation (combination) of data and data analysis. Researchers must describe data according to reality without adding or subtracting from existing holistic data and describing it using words and language. The appreciation of Pancasila values in schools strengthens the identity of Indonesian people, carried out through experience and strengthening the profile of Pancasila students, namely having faith, being devoted to God Almighty, and having noble character, global diversity, working together, being independent, reasoning critically, and being creative when you are in school. in the school environment and in the classroom. The values, norms and ethics that have been contained in Pancasila have truly become a very complete and rounded part and can be integrated with the personality of every school member. So, it can form patterns of behavior, thought patterns and patterns of action and provide direction. The Indonesian education system is structured based on the culture of the Indonesian nation and is based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as a form of embodiment of the life values of the Indonesian nation. The application or cultivation of values in every detail Pancasila must be taught so that individuals have attitudes and behavior that are in accordance with the noble character of the nation and do not deviate from Pancasila values which are in accordance with the principles of Pancasila. Character education needs to use Pancasila as the philosophical or ideological basis for its implementation. The use of Pancasila as a philosophical and ideological basis for character education will be able to provide direction to the knowledge system that will be built, the value system that will be fostered and developed, the basis for developing competencies that will reflect the Indonesian human character that will be formed, and how the Indonesian human character will be formed. will be fully implemented.

Blockchain platforms propagate into every facet, including managing medical services with professional and patient-centered applications. With its sensitive nature, record privacy has become imminent with medical services for patient diagnosis and treatments. The nature of medical records has continued to necessitate their availability, reachability, accessibility, security, mobility, and confidentiality. Challenges to these include authorized transfer of patient records on referral, security across platforms, content diversity, platform interoperability, etc. These, are today – demystified with blockchain-based apps, which proffers platform/application services to achieve data features associated with the nature of the records. We use a permissioned-blockchain for healthcare record management. Our choice of permission mode with a hyper-fabric ledger that uses a world-state on a peer-to-peer chain – is that its smart contracts do not require a complex algorithm to yield controlled transparency for users. Its actors include patients, practitioners, and health-related officers as users to create, retrieve, and store patient medical records and aid interoperability. With a population of 500, the system yields a transaction (query and https) response time of 0.56 seconds and 0.42 seconds, respectively. To cater to platform scalability and accessibility, the system yielded 0.78 seconds and 063 seconds, respectively, for 2500 users.

Transcultural nursing theory (transcultural nursing), this theory is seen as knowledge about individuals, families, groups, communities, and institutions in diverse health care systems. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between nurse competency regarding transcultural nursing and experience in implementing therapeutic communication in the internal inpatient room at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. This research design uses descriptive analysis with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this research was carried out using total sampling, namely the sampling technique is the same as the population size. So the total sample in the study was 36 nurses. Data collection was carried out by direct interviews with subjekts and distributing questionnaires. Furthermore, the data that had been collected using computer assistance with IBM SPSS Version 23 was analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level (α) <0.05. The results of the research using the Chi-Square Test show a p value of 0.003, which is smaller than α ≤0.05, meaning Ha is accepted and Hο is rejected. The conclusion in this research is that there is a relationship between nurse competency regarding transcultural nursing and experience in implementing therapeutic communication in the internal inpatient room at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. It is hoped that the results of this research will allow nurses to respond to and carry out nursing care from cultural diversity by using therapeutic communication that can be adapted to the patient's condition.