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This study aims to analyze the role of the Department of Youth, Sports and Tourism (Diskopar) Dumai City in tourism development and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors affecting its implementation. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants consisted of a tourism data and information officer at Diskopar Kota Dumai and a community tourism actor. The data were analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that Diskopar Kota Dumai plays an active role based on three role indicators: institutional position, social expectations, and implementation. The institution is involved not only in policy formulation but also in maintenance, monitoring, training workshops, event organization, and management of public tourism spaces. Supporting factors include regional tourism potential, digital promotion, regulatory documents, and regional budget support. Inhibiting factors include suboptimal maintenance of tourist sites, illegal levies in unmanaged areas, and uneven information access due to limited network coverage. Overall, the role of the Dumai City Diskopar is functioning but still requires strengthening in supervision, facility management, and equitable promotion.

This study examines the strengthening of regional disaster management governance through a risk-based policy framework, focusing on the role of local governments in disaster-prone areas. The object of the study is the disaster management system implemented by the Dumai City Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), which faces various potential natural and non-natural disasters. Although national and regional regulatory frameworks are in place, disaster management practices at the regional level still tend to be reactive, partial, and not fully based on comprehensive risk analysis. Therefore, this study aims to identify key issues in regional disaster management governance and analyze the role of risk-based policies in strengthening institutional effectiveness, cross-sectoral coordination, and disaster preparedness. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with BPBD officials, relevant stakeholders, and community representatives in disaster-prone areas, supported by field observations and documentation studies of policies, disaster risk assessment documents, and institutional reports. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis methods to identify patterns related to governance structures, policy implementation, and disaster risk management practices. The study results indicate that disaster management governance in Dumai City has shown progress in regulatory aspects and emergency response capacity, but there are still weaknesses in the integration of risk into development planning, inter-agency coordination, community participation, and mitigation and prevention efforts. This study concludes that the implementation of a risk-based policy framework can encourage more anticipatory, integrated, and sustainable disaster management governance, and provides important implications for the formulation of public policy at the regional level.

In facing this situation, the important role of MSMEs in supporting Indonesia's economic growth remains relevant. Even though they have great potential to contribute to the country's economy, there are still many MSMEs that have not registered as tax collectors, so tax revenues in Indonesia have not reached their maximum potential. Apart from that, the phenomenon of tax non-compliance from MSMEs may increase with the existence of regulations governing increases in tax. This research aims to examine the extent to which MSMEs will comply with tax, using qualitative methods with a content analysis approach. The data used in this research includes information about MSMEs obtained from the website of the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, as well as data regarding the level of tax compliance of MSMEs obtained from the website of the Directorate General of Taxes.

The following study aims to analyze and find out (1) The impact of incentives on the work results of PT employees. Amanah Safari Internasional Tour Travel, which has been running, (2) This research uses a qualitative approach to look for incentives to improve the performance of PT employees. Amanah Safari International Travel. Data mining methods encompass observation, documentation, and direct interviews with management and relevant staff. The results of this study show (1) the incentive system that the company has to provide material and non-material incentives to its employees, such as bonuses and social security, religious and non-religious awards and joint holidays. Employee quality, employee quantity, and employee attendance or discipline drive employee performance and motivation. This research shows that incentives can increase work morale and increase achievement, loyalty, discipline, and accountability towards positions. These valuable results can have an impact on improving employee performance. (2) According to the analysis results, PT. Amanah Safari Internasional Tour Travel has an incentive program that suits the needs of its employees, but further research is needed to improve the efficiency of this program. As a result, companies are expected to be able to maintain and improve their incentive policies to improve employee performance.

The rapid growth of cross-platform applications has significantly increased the volume and diversity of sensitive user data processed across heterogeneous and distributed environments. Personally identifiable information, device identifiers, behavioral data, and financial information are routinely collected to support personalization, analytics, and service optimization. While these practices enhance application functionality and user experience, they also introduce substantial privacy risks, including unauthorized data access, device fingerprint–based re-identification, cross-user data leakage, and large-scale data breaches. These risks are further amplified by distributed processing architectures and extensive third-party library integrations commonly used in modern cross-platform systems. This study aims to systematically analyze privacy issues in cross-platform applications by examining the types of sensitive data involved, identifying dominant privacy threats, and reviewing state-of-the-art privacy-preserving mitigation strategies. A systematic literature-based methodology was employed, focusing on recent Scopus-indexed journal articles, conference papers, and book chapters. The analysis synthesizes findings using thematic categorization and a conceptual research framework that maps sensitive data sources to privacy threats and corresponding mitigation mechanisms. The results indicate that privacy risks in cross-platform applications originate not only from external attacks but also from internal architectural weaknesses, such as flawed authorization logic and excessive data sharing across system components. Privacy-preserving techniques including differential privacy, federated learning, blockchain-based data governance, secure multi-party computation, and fine-grained access control mechanisms are shown to provide stronger privacy guarantees compared to conventional centralized approaches. However, these techniques also present trade-offs related to system complexity and performance. Overall, the study highlights the importance of adopting a multi-layered, privacy-by-design approach to ensure sustainable, trustworthy, and regulation-compliant cross-platform application development.

The increasing complexity of modern software systems and the growing demand for real-time data processing have significantly contributed to higher energy consumption in computing infrastructures. This challenge is particularly evident in systems that rely on continuous monitoring, analytics, and adaptive decision-making. Addressing energy efficiency without compromising system performance has therefore become a critical concern in sustainable software engineering. This study proposes an energy-aware software approach that integrates real-time analytics with adaptive feedback mechanisms to optimize energy consumption while maintaining operational performance. The research adopts a design science oriented methodology, encompassing system design, implementation, and experimental evaluation. The proposed system architecture consists of real-time data acquisition, intelligent analytics, and an adaptive control layer based on the MAPE-K (Monitor, Analyze, Plan, Execute, Knowledge) feedback loop. Experimental evaluations were conducted under dynamic workload scenarios to compare the proposed adaptive system with a baseline non-adaptive system. Key performance indicators included energy consumption, response time, throughput, and adaptation latency. The results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a substantial reduction in energy consumption while maintaining, and in some cases improving, system performance metrics. The adaptive feedback mechanism enables the system to respond effectively to workload fluctuations, reducing unnecessary energy usage during low-demand periods and ensuring stable performance during peak loads. These findings provide empirical evidence that real-time analytics and adaptive control can effectively support energy-efficient and sustainable software systems. This research contributes to the field of energy-aware software engineering by demonstrating that intelligent real-time adaptation is a viable strategy for achieving sustainability objectives in dynamic and performance-critical environments.

This study aims to balance the global influence of domestic consumption, investment (PMDN), and government expenditure on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This research is a digital research study that proceeds from qualitative methods using secondary digital analysis. The main focus of this research refers to the historical evolution of Indonesia's GDP from 2014 to 2023, using a multi-gallon linear regression approach. The results of the F test show that simultaneously, the influence of domestic consumption, investment (PMDN), and government expenditure has a significant influence on Indonesia's GDP. As a matter of fact, government spending has a significant influence on GDP. This analysis encourages greater attention to aspects of household expenditure and domestic investment to increase GDP value, as well as disrupting the balance of government spending. This step has been prevented and will help in the government's future planning in making policies to increase GDP.

Abstract This research aims to analyze the marketing strategy of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk to enter the international market with a focus on Indomie instant noodle products. Obtain data from trusted sources such as academic journals and books through library research methods. A qualitative approach is used to understand Indomie's marketing strategy through content analysis and data interpretation. This company is famous for its high quality products and various innovations, especially in instant noodle products. Quality standardization in the production process is the key to success in the global market. Apart from that, PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk applies the cost-plus method in determining export selling prices so that its products are flexible and competitive in the international market. In terms of distribution, the company attaches great importance to quality, timeliness, safety and transportation costs. Indomie products are distributed through large wholesalers and retailers and are popular in overseas markets such as Australia. The findings show that effective and efficient marketing strategies have helped PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk maintain and expand its global market share.

This research aims to analyze Kopiko's expansion strategy in entering international markets. Kopiko, as a superior coffee candy product from Indonesia, has successfully penetrated more than 80 countries throughout the world. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literacur study method to understand the strategies implemented by Kopiko in achieving global success. Data was obtained through in-depth literature study on the official PT website. Mayora Indah Tbk, analysis of company documents, and related previous research. The research results show that Kopiko's success in the international market is supported by several key factors, namely: (1) product adaptation according to local consumer preferences in each country; (2) effective marketing strategies, including the use of social media, influencers, and engaging advertising campaigns; (3) collaboration with local distributors who have a wide distribution network; (4) continuous product innovation to maintain consumer interest; and (5) consistent product quality. Kopiko also utilizes in-depth market analysis to select target countries with high growth potential. This research concludes that product adaptation and innovation strategies, coupled with careful marketing and strategic distribution cooperation, are the main factors for Kopiko's success in international market expansion. These findings can be a reference for other companies who want to expand their business to the global market

This study examines procyclicality and the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model in IFRS 9, aiming to analyze the effectiveness of accounting policies in reducing financial instability. Using a qualitative literature review approach, this research reviews various studies related to the implementation of IFRS 9, particularly in the context of the recognition of expected credit losses. The ECL model is expected to reduce the impact of excessive economic cycles by accounting for credit losses from the outset, in contrast to the previous IAS 39 model. While there are challenges in the accuracy of loss estimates and varying implementation across countries, the findings suggest that IFRS 9 has the potential to enhance global financial system stability, provided it is applied carefully. The study also identifies several limitations that need to be considered for further research development.

The discussion in this research is, what is the quality of the hadith and students' understanding of the hadith regarding the prohibition of sleeping after Asr prayer that applies to students at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School, Bukittinggi. The author limited the research informants to students who had ranks one to ten at the Tsanawiyah and Aliyah levels. The aim of writing this research is to determine the quality of the sleep prohibition hadith that applies to students at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School, as well as the students' implementation of the sleep prohibition hadith after the Asr prayer. This research uses a qualitative type of research using a sociology of knowledge approach. This research is field research. This was taken with the aim of finding out the hadith on the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer that applies at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School and knowing the quality of the hadith on the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer. Based on the data obtained, there are three hadiths regarding the prohibition of sleeping after Ashar prayers that apply at the Madinatul Munawwarah Islamic Boarding School. The first hadith is narrated by the As-Shuyuti Book which is of dhaif quality and has many lines of narration so that the hadith is at the hasan lighairihi level, the second hadith narrated by Ath-Thabrani is included in the group of gharib ahad hadiths, and the third hadith explains the virtues of using time in the afternoon, and this hadith is found in the book of Imam Muslim and is of authentic quality. The hadith regarding the prohibition of sleeping after the Asr prayer is of dhaif quality but can be practiced by santriwan and female students by participating in various activities such as extracurriculars and other useful activities, and the hadith can be practiced in matters of fadhailul charity, in terms of motivating.

The study conducted at the National Potential Young Athletes Training Center (SLOMPN) of Unesa provides a crucial perspective on the use of an Android-based match statistics application. The research aims to optimize athletes' potential through the Long Term Athlete Development (LTAD) approach, integrating knowledge of athlete development with the application of technology in training. The survey results from 5 coaches indicate that the application aids in planning training, understanding application features, and assessing athlete development with positively skewed average scores. However, there is room for improvement, especially in terms of comfort during matches and communication with athletes. Meanwhile, 18 athletes showed positive acceptance of the application by rating its ease of use and impact on performance enhancement highly. Nevertheless, there is a need for improvement in injury recovery features and data security. This study underscores the importance of continuous collaboration between application developers and users to enhance the effectiveness of technology in sports training.

Local wisdom-based character education has a strategic role in forming a generation with integrity, strong personality, and high moral awareness. This study aims to analyze the implementation of local wisdom-based character education in learning and identify effective strategies and obstacles faced in its implementation. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that the integration of local wisdom values ​​in education can increase cultural awareness, strengthen national identity, and form positive characters in students. However, the implementation of local wisdom-based character education still faces challenges, such as lack of understanding of educators, minimal policy support, the influence of globalization, and limited resources. Therefore, synergy is needed between schools, families, communities, and the government so that local wisdom-based character education can run effectively and sustainably.    

Education plays a crucial role in the life of every individual, especially during childhood. Therefore, educational institutions need to develop effective marketing strategies to attract new students. The focus of this research is to evaluate the educational marketing strategies implemented by Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula with the aim of increasing interest from new students.The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection is conducted through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including the school principal, teachers, and parents. The research results indicate that Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula employs several educational marketing strategies, involving the development of quality educational programs, innovation in the learning system, improvement of facilities, and effective promotion. The findings of this research reveal that the educational marketing strategies implemented by Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula have successfully increased interest from new students through the development of quality educational programs, innovation in the learning system, improvement of facilities, and effective promotion

The purpose of this research is to find out; the level of ability to learn English with the discussion method at SMAN 12 Pekanbaru, especially in class XI. The use of the discussion method in learning English affects the seriousness and activeness of students. This study uses a quantitative approach with the method of discussion. The subjects in this study were students of class XI.1 at SMAN 12 Pekanbaru in the academic year 2023/2024 consisting of 35 students consisting of 14 male students and 22 female students. The data collection technique was carried out by direct observation during the implementation of the class XI.B teaching process which took place in several meetings. And by conducting observations with English teachers about learning through the use of discussion methods and observations to students. This research consists of pre-stage, stage I and stage II. Each implementation passes through four stages, namely preparation, observation, and reflection. The use of small group discussions is carried out through controlled discussions. In its application, the researcher found that the small group discussion strategy was good for use in the learning process

Malnutrition is a condition of lack of nutrition for a certain period of time so that the body will break down food reserves under the fat layer and organ layers. MPASI methods are divided into two, namely conventional MPASI, which is fed with a spoon, and the Baby Led Weaning (BLW) method, where the child eats with his own hands. The aim of this community service is that it is hoped that parents can increase their knowledge regarding Baby LED Weaning as an effort to improve the nutritional status of toddlers at the Pattingaloang Community Health Center. This research method uses an experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The study population was mothers who had toddlers aged at least 6-12 months. Sample collection used purposive sampling technique. results of intervention group research with a sample size of 20 children. The results of the study showed that the difference in the average knowledge score of the pretest and posttest groups was 16.5 with a p value = 0.0001 < α where it was concluded that there was an influence of LED Weaning education as an effort to improve the nutritional status of infants and toddlers at the Pattingaloang Community Health Center.

Access to justice is a fundamental right that is still difficult to reach by rural communities, including in Deme Dua Village and Bubalango Village. Paralegals play an important role in providing legal assistance for people who have limited access to professional advocates. This study aims to analyze the strengthening of the role and function of paralegals in improving access to justice in the two villages. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method to understand the dynamics of paralegals' roles in resolving legal disputes and the challenges they face. The results showed that paralegals contribute to legal education, conflict resolution through mediation, and legal assistance for vulnerable groups. However, they face obstacles such as limited resources and lack of recognition from the formal legal apparatus. In conclusion, strengthening the role of paralegals can improve access to inclusive justice in rural communities, but needs policy support and more systematic training.

Hospital service quality management is a crucial aspect of the healthcare service system, aimed at ensuring that every patient receives safe, effective, and high-quality care. In the era of global competition and rising patient expectations, hospitals are required not only to provide adequate healthcare services but also to continuously and sustainably improve the quality of their services. Good quality management assists hospitals in identifying, measuring, and improving areas that require enhancement, as well as ensuring compliance with service standards set by accreditation bodies and regulators. With effective quality management, hospitals can reduce medical risks, enhance patient satisfaction, and ultimately strengthen the institution's reputation. This approach also plays a vital role in optimizing resource utilization and improving operational efficiency, which ultimately contributes

Bullying is a form of violence that occurs in teenagers. Bullying is a form of violent behavior with the power to hurt a person or group verbally, physically or psychologically. The impact that victims of bullying have is having various mental problems and physical health complaints. Therefore, social support from the family is really needed by victims of bullying. This research is a qualitative study which aims to obtain an overview of family social support for adolescent victims of bullying so that they can restore their social functioning and regain trust. himself so that he can carry out his role in society as usual. The data source selection technique used in this research uses Qualitative methods using verbal data obtained by researchers can reveal information in more depth. So, researchers can describe the psychological dynamics of victims of bullying behavior among teenagers at school. Where the approach cannot be expressed by numbers or quantitatively.  The research results show that social support has an important role in protecting victims of bullying from psychological and physical illnesses. However, support from the family has several inhibiting factors, including rejection and withdrawal from the victim. Apart from that, family busyness, indifference or ignorance are also factors inhibitor.

This research aims to explore public responses regarding the existence of mental health applications. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative phenomenological methods. This research uses a phenomenological approach with data collection techniques using focus group discussions and interviews. The object of this research was students aged 16-22 years and who had experience with mental health. The data obtained came from 8 people in FGDs and 16 people in interviews with a trial period of 3-4 weeks. The results of the research show that the user interface has an effect on the user's perspective, application performance has an effect on the intention to use it continuously, emotional release has an effect on changes in individual behavior.