Publication Search

Quality healthcare services are a crucial factor in improving patient satisfaction and are an indicator of the success of healthcare facilities. Based on the results of the 2024 Semester I Public Satisfaction Survey (January–June), Melati Community Health Center (Puskesmas Melati) achieved a satisfaction score of 80.84%. This score indicates good service quality, but remains below the established Minimum Service Standards (SPM), which is more than 90%. This condition requires a comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction levels. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the extent to which healthcare service quality influences patient satisfaction at Melati Community Health Center, Kapuas Regency. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population was all 985 patients who visited Melati Community Health Center, Kapuas Regency in January 2025. The study sample was determined at 285 respondents through random sampling techniques to obtain representative data. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire that assessed the dimensions of service quality and patient satisfaction levels. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman Rank test to determine the relationship between variables. The results of the study showed that the majority of patients rated the quality of health services as very good (26.6%). In addition, the majority of patients also expressed satisfaction with the health services provided (30.9%). Statistical tests proved a significant relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction levels (p = 0.000 < 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.693. This means there is a strong and positive relationship, so that the better the service quality, the higher the patient satisfaction. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of improving the quality of health services at the Melati Community Health Center. Aspects that need attention are improving physical appearance (tangibles), simplifying service procedures, and strengthening the competence and empathy of staff.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a systematic effort aimed at protecting workers from the risks of accidents and work-related diseases. The implementation of OHS integrated with risk management helps identify, evaluate, and control potential hazards effectively in the workplace. This study was conducted at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama, Balikpapan Branch, a company engaged in asphalt production. The main objectives of this research were to identify potential hazards, determine appropriate control measures, and evaluate the role of the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in supporting OHS. The research method used is JSA, which involves identifying each work step, determining the likelihood and severity of risks, and calculating the risk rating to assess the level of risk. The results showed that there are three potential hazards with a medium-risk category, namely in the activities of raw material mixing, quality control, and asphalt distribution. Additionally, three potential hazards with a low-risk category were found in the processes of raw material weighing, raw material transfer, and pump line valve opening. Recommended control measures to reduce risks include the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for each task, improving work facilities and infrastructure, and implementing proper load lifting procedures. The application of JSA has proven effective in raising the company's awareness of potential risks in the workplace. This has led to the implementation of better preventive measures, ultimately contributing to the creation of a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. Therefore, the integration of OHS with risk management at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama plays a significant role in safeguarding the safety and well-being of workers.

This study aims to analyze the causes of component failure in the Power Train system of unit OHT773E CO2278 at PT. Cipta Kridatama, Samarinda, using the Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) method. The Power Train system is responsible for transferring power from the engine to the final drive and other components, making it critical for the operational success of heavy equipment. Therefore, optimal maintenance is essential to prevent fatal failures that could impact the unit's performance. Based on the analysis, the dominant cause of failure is human factors, particularly technician negligence during component installation. This negligence results from a lack of understanding of the procedures and specifications recommended by the manufacturer, leading to incorrect installation of components. This failure impacts the achievement of the component’s expected lifetime, thus shortening the operational life of the components and increasing the risk of more severe damage. This also leads to higher repair costs and reduced unit productivity, resulting in longer downtime. To address this issue, several preventive measures are recommended, such as regular training for technicians to enhance their understanding of correct procedures and specifications, as well as the importance of following manufacturer guidelines during every maintenance and installation process. Additionally, it is advised to conduct routine discussions between technicians and supervisors to ensure that every maintenance step and installation complies with the established procedures. Increased oversight of the installation and maintenance process is also necessary, along with periodic rejuvenation of components to ensure the optimal performance of the Power Train system. Strengthening Preventive Maintenance (PM) practices is also crucial to minimize future damage potential. Implementing these solutions is expected to enhance the reliability of the Power Train system, extend component lifespan, and reduce failure frequency, ultimately improving the overall efficiency and productivity of the company.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Course Review Horay learning model on students' comprehension ability in response text material at SMP Negeri 4 Gunungsitoli Idanoi. This learning model is an active and fun strategy that combines game elements with learning activities, so it is expected to increase student engagement and understanding of the material. The study used a quasi-experimental approach with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The research procedure included three stages, namely (1) implementing a pre-test to measure students' initial abilities, (2) providing treatment by applying the Course Review Horay model in the experimental class and conventional learning in the control class, and (3) implementing a post-test to determine the increase in students' comprehension abilities. The study population was all seventh grade students consisting of two classes, namely VII-A and VII-B, each consisting of 20 students, so that the total number of participants was 40 people. Sampling used a saturated sampling technique because the entire population was sampled. The independent variable in the study was the application of the Course Review Horay learning model, while the dependent variable was student learning outcomes in the response text material. The results of data analysis showed a significant difference between student learning outcomes in the experimental class and the control class. Based on the hypothesis test, the t-value was 12.006, with a significance (2-tailed) <0.001, which is smaller than 0.05. 

This study explores the metaphor of life in Colleen Hoover’s novel Reminders of Him, aiming to identify the types of linguistic metaphors and analyze the conceptual metaphors that underlie them. Based on Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory, which classifies metaphors into structural, ontological, and orientational categories, this study highlights the role of metaphor as a cognitive tool, not merely a stylistic device. A qualitative method was employed, with data collected using AntConc software by focusing on parts of the novel containing the word “life.” The Metaphor Identification Procedure was applied to identify linguistic metaphors, which were then categorized based on the word class of the lexical units that were used metaphorically. The results of this study show four types of linguistic metaphors involving the noun “life”: nominal, verbal, adjectival, and prepositional. These forms portray life as a physical object, a process, a possessed attribute, or a container. These linguistic metaphors reflect eight conceptual metaphors, including five ontological metaphors (life is ownership, life is a container, life is an entity, life is air, life is a place) and three structural metaphors (life is a machine, life is a journey, life is a challenge). The diversity of these conceptual metaphors illustrates the rich representation of life in the novel.  

This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the implementation of bread product quality control in the Pastry Section of Harris Hotel & Conventions Bundaran Satelit Surabaya, covering four main aspects: raw materials, production process, storage, and presentation. Furthermore, this study focuses on understanding the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for bread production operations and the level of implementation of these SOPs in daily work practices. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct field observation, interviews with pastry section staff, and documentation related to bread production activities. The results show that bread product quality control is carried out comprehensively. In the initial stage, raw material selection is carried out strictly to ensure quality, freshness, and food safety. The production process is carried out according to standard procedures, paying attention to equipment cleanliness, processing techniques, and timeliness, resulting in products that are consistent in taste and texture. The storage stage is also carried out hygienically with a system for arranging ingredients and finished products that pay attention to temperature, humidity, and cleanliness of the storage room. In the final stage, bread is served with good aesthetic standards while maintaining food safety aspects, thus adding value to the hotel guest experience. The bread production operational SOP has been systematically developed and serves as an important reference for all pastry section employees in carrying out their daily tasks. Employee compliance with the SOP is high, although challenges remain, such as limited trainee skills and delays in raw material supplies from suppliers. These challenges can usually be overcome through direct supervision, internal training, and good communication with material suppliers. Overall, the implementation of quality control and bread production SOPs at Harris Hotel & Conventions Bundaran Satelit Surabaya has been running smoothly and consistently.

Background: Half of the 75 million children in Indonesia suffer from dental caries, and the number continues to rise each year. Caries is a disease that involves the enamel, dentin, and pulp of the tooth. If left untreated, it can reach the pulp and cause tooth necrosis. Pulpectomy is a dental procedure that involves removing the entire pulp tissue of deciduous teeth to access the infected root canal. This procedure is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Post-pulpectomy restoration is essential to ensure the optimal function of the tooth and prevent further damage to the remaining tooth structure. The restoration must have adequate retention, minimal leakage, and not increase the risk of further damage to the remaining tooth structure. Methodology: This study is a qualitative research in the form of a literature review using secondary data collected in August 2024 from five main databases: PubMed, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Garuda (Garba Rujukan Digital), and Taylor & Francis. The collected data were then sorted to identify articles relevant to the research criteria. Results and Discussion: Based on the Prisma Diagram Flow, 343 articles were identified from the five databases, which were then filtered down to five articles that met the criteria to be the primary articles in this literature review. The results show that there are various types of post-pulpectomy restorations tailored to the diagnosis and clinical indications of the treated teeth. Conclusion: There are two commonly used types of post-pulpectomy restorations, namely restorations made of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) and Stainless Steel Crowns (SSC). Both of these restorations can be modified into space maintainers, which are essential in preserving space for the future growth of permanent teeth while improving the function of the treated tooth.

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of occupational safety and health (OHS) training, OHS compliance, and leadership style on the workplace accident rate among employees of PT. XYZ. Workplace accidents remain a significant problem in the industrial sector, thus this study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the factors that can reduce this risk. The research method used was a quantitative survey approach, where primary data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 40 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method. The analysis techniques used in this study were descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software version 25. The use of regression analysis allows researchers to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results show that OHS compliance has a significant influence on the workplace accident rate. This confirms that compliance with occupational safety and health procedures can minimize the risk of accidents. Meanwhile, OHS training and leadership style did not show a significant influence on workplace accidents. This finding indicates that training programs and leadership style may not directly reduce workplace accidents unless they are consistently implemented and supported by strong compliance. Thus, OHS compliance is a key factor in creating a safe and productive work environment. This research provides a practical contribution for companies to focus safety management policies more on improving worker compliance with OHS regulations. Furthermore, the results of this study can serve as a reference for further research in different industrial contexts.

The hospital operating room is one of the most crucial facilities in health services, so it requires a stable, reliable, and uninterrupted electricity supply to ensure patient safety and smooth medical procedures. The slightest electrical outage can pose a major risk, given that almost all vital medical equipment in the operating room relies on an electrical power supply. Therefore, the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system has an important role as a backup solution to ensure the continuity of electrical energy. This study aims to analyze the performance, capacity, and burden of UPS at Siti Fatimah Palembang Hospital using quantitative methods. Data was obtained through direct observation, interviews with technicians, technical documentation, and measurement of current and load power with standard-compliant measuring equipment. The focus of the analysis was directed at the Online Double Conversion type UPS with a capacity of 20 kVA which functions as the main supplier of backup electricity in the three operating rooms. The measurement results show that the total load reaches 8,855.5 VA or equivalent to 44.2% of the total capacity of the UPS. This load comes from 24 units of vital medical equipment, including operating lights, patient monitors, ventilators, anesthesia machines, and electrosurgical devices spread evenly across three operating rooms. With a power factor of 0.92 and a measurement current of 39.8 A, the performance of the UPS is quite efficient and safe to use. This shows that UPS capacity still has spare space to bear additional loads in the event of an increase in the number of medical equipment in the future. The conclusion of this study is that UPS at Siti Fatimah Palembang Hospital is able to work optimally in maintaining the stability of power supply, so that it can ensure the continuity of critical medical services in the operating room.

The deployment of TNI soldiers has sparked controversy due to concerns over the strengthening of militarism in civilian institutions. This action has raised alarm among various human rights groups and political analysts who argue that it undermines the democratic principles of civilian control over military forces. The Attorney General's Office (AGO), the TNI, and the Chief of Police have publicly addressed the issue, especially the deployment of TNI soldiers to guard the AGO Complex, as well as the High Prosecutors' Offices (Kejati) and District Prosecutors' Offices (Kejari) across Indonesia. The order for this deployment was issued in the TNI Commander’s Telegram Number TR/442/2025 on May 6, 2025. This order is part of a broader effort to increase security at critical state institutions, especially in light of recent security threats. The deployment of soldiers is part of a follow-up to the cooperation agreement between the TNI and the AGO, which was formalized in the Memorandum of Understanding NK/6/IV/2023/TNI dated April 6, 2023. The agreement outlines eight points of cooperation, which include: (1) Education and training for TNI personnel in law enforcement procedures; (2) Exchange of information for law enforcement purposes, ensuring better collaboration between the military and civilian law enforcement agencies; (3) The assignment of TNI soldiers to assist in guarding AGO facilities and other law enforcement offices; and (4) Other security-related assistance, such as providing military expertise to ensure the integrity and safety of AGO operations. While the cooperation between the TNI and AGO is framed as an effort to enhance security and operational efficiency, critics argue that this deployment could lead to the militarization of civilian functions, potentially causing conflicts of interest and compromising the impartiality of the judicial system.

Compensation and the work environment are two essential factors that significantly affect employee productivity, particularly in community-owned enterprises (BUMDes) engaged in the tourism sector. A fair remuneration system motivates employees to work optimally, while a supportive physical and psychosocial work environment creates comfort that enhances job performance. This study aims to examine the influence of compensation and work environment on employee productivity in BUMDes Kedungudi, which serves as one of the local driving forces in developing tourism-based community economic empowerment. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method with a total sample of 37 tourism sector employees of BUMDes Kedungudi. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, which were subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 28. The analytical procedures included validity and reliability testing, classical assumption testing such as normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity checks, as well as multiple linear regression analysis to determine the effect of independent variables on employee productivity. The results revealed that both compensation and work environment had a positive and significant influence on productivity. Specifically, compensation demonstrated a coefficient value of β = 0.205 with a significance level of p = 0.007, while the work environment showed a stronger effect with β = 0.281 and p = 0.002. Furthermore, the regression model indicated that the combination of these two variables was able to explain 68.0% of the variance in employee productivity (Adjusted R² = 0.680; p < 0.001). This finding highlights the strategic importance of remuneration policies and workplace conditions in enhancing organizational performance within community-owned enterprises.

This study aims to analyze the influence of training and work discipline on employee performance in CV. Nina Etik Garment Indonesia. The approach used is a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 40 respondents who are permanent employees of the company. The independent variables in this study are training and work discipline, while the dependent variables are employee performance. The results of the study show that training has a positive effect on performance, but this influence is not optimal because there are still obstacles in the form of lack of understanding of the material by some employees. This shows that the effectiveness of training needs to be improved, both in terms of delivery methods, the quality of instructors, and the suitability of materials with work needs. Meanwhile, work discipline has been proven to have a significant influence on improving employee performance. Discipline factors, such as punctuality, compliance with rules, and responsibility for completing tasks, are important aspects that drive productivity. This research also found that undisciplined behavior still often occurs, such as being late or not complying with work procedures, which ultimately has an impact on decreasing the effectiveness of the company's operations. Simultaneously, training and work discipline have a significant effect on employee performance, so these two factors need to receive serious attention from management. The practical implication of this research is the need for companies to improve the quality of training programs, both technical and non-technical, so that employees are able to master skills relevant to their work. In addition, the implementation of a more firm, consistent, and measurable work discipline supervision system is also an important strategy to form a professional work culture.

This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy skills of vocational high school students in solving statistics problems with the help of Microsoft Excel based on digital literacy levels, which are grouped into high, medium, and low. The background of this study is based on the importance of mathematical literacy in dealing with everyday problems and the demands of the world of work, as well as the increasing need for digital literacy mastery in the information technology era. Both are essential competencies that support each other, especially in technology-based mathematics learning. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative with a purposive sampling technique, where the selection of subjects is based on the results of the digital literacy questionnaire, equivalence of mathematics scores, and adequate communication skills to support the interview process. The research instruments include a digital literacy questionnaire, a mathematical literacy test in the form of descriptive questions completed using Microsoft Excel, and interview guidelines that have been validated by experts. The data collection procedure was carried out through tests and in-depth interviews, while data analysis included the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate differences in students' mathematical literacy skills based on their digital literacy levels. Students with high digital literacy are able to master mathematical literacy indicators well, including communication, mathematization, problem-solving strategies, and reasoning and argumentation. They can optimally utilize Microsoft Excel features to present data, perform calculations, and draw logical conclusions. Students with moderate digital literacy demonstrate fairly good mastery, but still experience difficulties in aspects of problem-solving strategies and in-depth reasoning. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that digital literacy plays a crucial role in supporting students' mathematical literacy abilities.  

Hypertension is a chronic clinical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure above normal physiological limits and is a major global health concern due to its strong association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. One important contributing factor to hypertension is hypercholesterolemia, or an abnormal increase in total cholesterol levels in the blood. Elevated cholesterol concentrations may accelerate arterial stiffness and increase vascular resistance, thereby worsening blood pressure regulation. This study aimed to describe the relationship between blood pressure status and total cholesterol levels among productive-age individuals diagnosed with hypertension. The study was conducted in July 2023 using a descriptive design. A total of 30 hypertensive respondents within the productive age range were selected through accidental sampling. Data collection involved direct measurement of blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer and assessment of total cholesterol levels through standard clinical procedures. The results showed that the majority of respondents were categorized as having Stage 1 hypertension. With regard to cholesterol profiles, 16 respondents (53%) exhibited normal cholesterol levels, 9 respondents (30%) had borderline high cholesterol levels, and 5 respondents (17%) were classified as having high cholesterol levels. These findings suggest that most hypertensive individuals in the productive age category present with cholesterol levels ranging from normal to borderline high, although a smaller proportion already experience clinically high cholesterol concentrations. The study highlights the importance of regular monitoring of both blood pressure and lipid profiles in productive-age individuals to prevent progression to more severe cardiovascular complications. Lifestyle modification remains a cornerstone in hypertension management, particularly increasing physical activity, adopting a balanced diet low in saturated fats, and maintaining good sleep hygiene. Such preventive strategies can help reduce the dual burden of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, ultimately lowering the risk of long-term cardiovascular disease.

The custom of sitting on the parent-parents is discussed in this journal by the residents of Ujung Gading Village, a mixed-ethnic community that includes both Mandailing and Minangkabau residents. This duduk induk-induk custom, which is typically referred to as markumpul hepeng (money collection), is a mutually supportive attitude and a custom that is practiced by community organizations to aid the host in paying for the wedding. This publication looks at or investigates ways to comprehend and research Minang culture in Ujung Gading overall. Particularly in the duduk induk-induk procedures, it can also serve as a source of information and research for the advancement of linguistic science in the study of the duduk induk-induk tradition and comprehend it from an Islamic standpoint. Using qualitative data analysis methods, information was gathered via literature reviews, interviews, and documentation. The study's findings demonstrate that the coaching provided by traditional leaders—namely, putir, ninik mamak, and datuk kinayah—took the form of discussion.

This research explores the legal protection of domestic doctors in Indonesia in response to the increasing utilization of foreign doctors (FDs) within the framework of knowledge transfer aimed at improving healthcare services. With the enactment of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, the Indonesian government provides space for foreign doctors to practice with simplified licensing procedures, raising legal concerns regarding legal certainty, professional equality, and the rights of patients to clear and honest communication. This study uses normative juridical methods with statutory and conceptual approaches to analyze the legal framework surrounding this issue. The findings show that the implementation of simplified requirements for foreign doctors potentially threatens the professional standing of local doctors and risks violating patient rights. Recommendations include strengthening legal instruments and monitoring mechanisms to ensure that knowledge transfer objectives are met without compromising legal protection and healthcare quality. The legal framework provided by Law No. 17 of 2023 allows foreign doctors to practice with more straightforward licensing processes, but it raises concerns regarding the adequacy of regulatory oversight. Local doctors fear that the simplified procedures for foreign doctors may not guarantee the same level of competency, accountability, and ethical standards. Furthermore, the presence of foreign doctors could lead to a disparity in professional treatment and recognition, undermining the integrity of the medical profession in Indonesia. This study explores how these legal issues intersect with the broader goals of patient protection, ensuring that all medical practitioners, regardless of nationality, adhere to the highest standards of care and ethical conduct. The role of patient rights in this context is critical, as patients must receive clear and honest communication about the qualifications of the doctors treating them, ensuring their right to informed consent is upheld.

This study aims to determine the implementation and evaluation results of the marketing strategy for bakery and pastry products sold in the lobby lounge of Hotel Fairfield By Marriott Surabaya. This study used a combined qualitative and quantitative approach to obtain a more comprehensive picture. Data collection techniques were conducted through direct observation at the research location and interviews with relevant parties. Furthermore, data analysis was also strengthened by distributing a Likert-based questionnaire to three main respondents: the F&B Manager, the Daily Worker Pastry, and the Marketing Team. This mixed-method approach allowed the researcher to capture both numerical evaluation and in-depth qualitative insights. The results showed that the product strategy has been running quite well, especially in terms of quality and implemented work procedures. However, there are still weaknesses in the innovation aspect, as the products do not yet have distinctive characteristics that can serve as a key differentiator from competitors. In other words, the bakery and pastry products still lack a unique selling point that could strengthen brand identity. In terms of pricing strategy, the hotel uses a premium pricing system, which is considered appropriate for the image of a four-star hotel. However, this approach is still not flexible enough to optimally reach consumers outside the hotel. The promotional strategy is considered to have been implemented quite well, especially through bundling packages and the use of social media. However, existing promotions have not been implemented consistently and tend to be unstructured. Consistent promotion is essential to maintaining customer engagement and building long-term brand awareness. Meanwhile, the location strategy is considered quite effective because products are displayed in areas easily accessible to hotel guests. However, opportunities through digital distribution channels, such as online bookings, have not been maximized. Expanding digital distribution channels could significantly increase market reach and sales performance.

This study aims to analyze the authority structure between the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) and Regional Governments in managing coastal areas through marine spatial utilization following the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law. The main instrument studied is the Confirmation of Conformity of Marine Spatial Utilization Activities (KKPRL), which functions as a licensing instrument and a control mechanism to ensure that marine spatial utilization activities remain directed, integrated, and aligned with the principles of ecological, social, and economic sustainability. The research approach used is a juridical-empirical approach with a qualitative descriptive analysis method. Through this approach, the research not only examines legal norms but also captures the practice of implementing authority in the field. The results show that although the Job Creation Law is oriented towards simplifying business licensing, several problems remain that have implications for the effectiveness of coastal governance. These issues include disharmony between central and regional regulations, overlapping authority between the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKPRL) and regional governments, and weak synchronization between national policies and regional instruments such as the Coastal and Small Islands Zoning Plan (RZWP3K). In addition to regulatory constraints, this study also highlights institutional and technical aspects. Limited human resource capacity in the regions, a lack of understanding of KKPRL procedures, and minimal inter-agency coordination hamper the effectiveness of coastal management. These conditions result in slow investment realization, conflicts over spatial use, and potential coastal environmental degradation. Therefore, this study recommends a strategy for harmonizing authority through improving vertical-horizontal coordination, strengthening the institutional capacity of regional governments, and developing derivative regulations consistent with the principles of good governance.

This study aims to analyze the performance of village government officials in providing services to the community in Watutoa Village, Marioriwawo District, Soppeng Regency. Village officials play a crucial role in delivering optimal services to the public. To achieve this, several supporting and hindering factors are needed, including external factors such as limited resources, government policies, and social environment, as well as internal factors like the skills and knowledge of officials, motivation and commitment, and the systems and procedures used. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that hinder the performance of village officials in providing services to the community in Watutoa Village, as well as to identify the supporting factors that facilitate the implementation of services. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a community study design. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research participants included the officials of Watutoa Village (the head of the village and the head of sections) and the community members who had received services from the village officials. The results of the study indicate that, overall, the performance of village officials is quite good. However, there are several areas that need attention, such as limited resources, where digital services have not yet been optimized. Although government policies regarding attendance, working hours, sanctions, and training have been effective, there are still areas that need improvement. Infrastructure is sufficiently adequate to support the smooth delivery of services, but the technical skills and utilization of technology by village officials need to be enhanced. Furthermore, the motivation and commitment of the officials in delivering services should be strengthened. The existing service systems and procedures are not fully efficient, so continuous evaluation and improvement are necessary to enhance the quality of services in the future.

This study discusses the implementation of consumer law in the context of gold investment through PT X's digital application and the consumer protection guarantee mechanisms presented in the system. The research method used is normative juridical, namely a method that emphasizes the study of applicable positive legal norms, legal doctrine, and the application of relevant legal principles. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of consumer law in digital-based gold investment has been carried out in accordance with contractual principles as stipulated in civil law and in line with the provisions of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. In practice, gold investment transactions through the X application are carried out with a mixed agreement containing elements of sale and purchase, deposit, and pawn. This is an important basis because the legal relationship between consumers and companies is not only a single transaction, but a combination that requires guaranteed protection of consumer rights. The legal basis for this mechanism is reflected in the X Digital Application Operational Guidelines Number 28 of 2024, which detailed administrative procedures, application usage requirements, and the implementation of consumer protection principles as stipulated in Articles 4, 7, 18, and 45 of the Consumer Protection Law. Thus, the implemented system not only emphasizes commercial aspects but also ensures a balance between the rights and obligations of consumers and businesses. This study highlights how digital transformation in financial services requires a robust legal framework to protect consumers from potential risks. Therefore, internal company regulations and guidelines play a strategic role in ensuring fairness and providing a sense of security for people investing in gold through digital applications.