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Abstract :The financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) for the period 2020-2022 needs to be evaluated to determine the effectiveness of management in managing the company's finances. The purpose of the study is to measure the financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) through financial statement analysis over the period 2020, 2021, and 2022. This study uses various types of financial ratios such as Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability. The research method used is qualitative with a quantitative approach. The data used is sourced from the financial statements of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis results show that the company has good liquidity because current assets are higher than current liabilities. The solvency ratio level is quite healthy. Although the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) indicates high debt, the low Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) values show that most of the assets are still funded by equity. The company's profitability level is less healthy. Although the Gross Profit Margin (GPM) shows positive results and is higher than the industry average, other ratios such as Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) indicate that the company has significant room for improvement in operational efficiency, cost management, and optimization of asset and equity utilization. Keywords: Analysis, Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability

The Thrifting Shop has become one of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that have experienced significant development over the past few years. The current era of globalization has led to consumer behavior influencing the lives of the general public. This is influenced by changing habits and lifestyles. This behavior requires a larger budget, as it is no longer just about meeting needs but also about satisfying desires. Currently, there is a trend towards second-hand clothing (fashion thrift) to meet the increasing demand of consumers, considering that times have changed, buying second-hand clothes has become a trend and a lifestyle that is growing rapidly in Indonesia. Therefore, many new business owners are trying to venture into this thrift business through online platforms like live e-commerce. When discussing the sustainability of a business, it is undeniable that it will face risks. These risks are not only caused by internal factors but also by external factors that force us to be more vigilant in facing these risks. These risks do not only appear in large businesses but also in small-scale businesses like SMEs. This study aims to identify operational risks, their causes, and their impact on business activities and find solutions to address operational risks that occur. The research object is Yodshi Fashion, which is one of the online thrift stores in Cirebon. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through online observation and interviews with business owners, as well as an analysis based on Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). The research results show that there are operational risks, such as the mismatch between the quality of clothes and stock with customer demand, fluctuations in live traffic on e-commerce, high administrative costs on e-commerce, intense competition among online thrift sellers, a large number of PHP customers during live sales, and the cancellation of COD orders by customers. These risks include internal and external operational risks with a high risk level that occurs in Yodshi Fashion Cirebon. These operational risks can affect the quality of products presented and disrupt the service process for customers. Risk management is crucial for operational activities to minimize and prevent the possibility of risks that can cause losses for Yodshi Fashion Cirebon.

This research aims to analyze the operational risks faced by Rumah Makan Ondo Batak Grill, a famous culinary business on Jl. Weaving Factory No. 45, Sei Putih Tengah, Medan Petisah District, Medan City, North Sumatra. The qualitative method used in this research is data collection techniques by conducting direct observations and interviews with the owner of the Ondo Grill Batak Restaurant. The research results reveal that there are several significant operational risks, including hygiene and food safety risks, equipment damage risks, employee absenteeism risks, and customer number risks. To manage possible risks, Ondo Restaurant has implemented several strategies, such as regular employee training regarding food hygiene and safety, routine maintenance and inspection of cooking equipment, and development of an employee attendance management system. Apart from that, this restaurant is also diversifying its menu and promotions to attract more customers and maintain income stability. This research concludes that effective operational risk management is very important for the survival and success of Ondo Restaurant. The recommendations provided include improving the risk monitoring system and implementing risk management strategies on a regular basis.

In running a business there are definitely risks. Risks that arise from the internal and external environment of the business can result in the business experiencing losses. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive research method with data collection techniques originating from observations and interviews with the owner of the Manju Steamed Bread business, Tuasan Branch. This research will use Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), where ERM implementation is usually implemented by identifying risks, assessing and controlling risks. Businesses that use Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) can get risks ranging from low (low), medium (medium), high (high). This research aims to identify risks that may occur in the Manju Steamed Bread business, Tuasan Branch, then create a risk matrix to determine the worst risks that must be prioritized in control. The research results show that there are operational risks, namely employees not following steaming machine operating procedures, lack of maintenance of the machine and bread steaming equipment by employees and delays in the arrival of raw materials. This risk will affect the quality of taste, service, and can result in losses due to shop closures due to delays in the arrival of raw materials, so risk management is needed which aims to reduce operational risks that may occur.  

This paper explores the role of automation and robotics in the ongoing digital era that has brought about fundamental changes in the global business paradigm. Automation and robotics are two major forces coming to the fore in this change. This article explores the role of automation and robotics in the digital era, with a focus on ongoing business transformation. Automation and robotics have opened doors for companies to improve their operational efficiency. Along with that, companies also gain the potential to improve the quality of their products and services. Business transformation through automation and robotics is no longer just an option, but a necessity to compete in an increasingly competitive market. However, while the benefits are clear, there are strategic challenges that need to be faced in implementing automation and robotics. Cost management, system integration, and data security are some of these challenges.

MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) are one of the important economic pillars in driving local economic growth in various cities in Indonesia. However, MSMEs often face significant challenges, especially related to financial and labor risk management. This study aims to analyze financial and labor risk management at Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs in Medan City. In this study, a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews was used to collect data from business owners and employees. The analysis was conducted with a focus on financial risk management strategies, such as product and service diversification, creative promotion, cash flow management, and access to capital, and labor risk management strategies, including employee cost management, employee development and retention, and effective performance management. The results show that Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs have implemented various strategies to effectively manage financial and labor risks. Product and service diversification, creative promotions, and utilization of online delivery and ordering services help reduce financial risks and maintain revenue stability. Meanwhile, efficient management of employee costs, employee development, and effective performance management help manage labor risks, improve productivity, and maintain service quality. This research shows that effective financial and labor risk management plays an important role in the operational success of Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs.

: For companies across industries, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and management information systems (MIS) offers great potential for digital transformation. This publication explains the benefits and drawbacks of integrating IoT into MIS and how this technology can improve customer experience of products and services, in-depth data analysis, operational efficiency, energy efficiency, and creativity. Implementing IoT in SIM is not without challenges, because there are issues such as data security, interoperability, infrastructure availability, advanced data management, data protection and ethics. With a clear understanding of these pros and cons, companies can take the necessary steps to take full advantage of IoT integration in MIS while maintaining operational security, data protection, and Masu requirements.  

The purpose of this research is to analyze and determine possible risks that occur in car rental services, making it easier for companies to take action to prevent risks that can occur at CV Mawar Rental Car. The risks that arise come from internal factors that cause this company to experience losses. This research uses a quantitative research approach. The research location is on Jalan Setia Budi No. 12, Medan, North Sumatra. The data collection techniques used in this research were kuesioner. from the results of research at CV. Mawar Rental Car, the first thing to do is identify risks originating from operational risk, financial risk, external risk.

This study analyzes the impact of information technology advances in global business using a qualitative research approach. The introduction presents the background to the importance of information technology in company expansion, operational efficiency, and business innovation. The purpose of the study is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of information technology in business strategy and operations in the global market. The research method used is a review of various sources of information which is then compiled into a new study. Results and discussions show that information technology facilitates global expansion through digital communication tools, efficient cross-border collaboration, and integrated supply chain management. In addition, information technology improves operational efficiency through business process automation and advanced data analysis. Furthermore, information technology becomes a catalyst for innovation and business growth through easy access to data and information, collaboration among stakeholders, and adoption of new business models. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of integrating information technology in the company's business strategy to maintain competitiveness in an increasingly complex global market. By utilizing information technology optimally, companies can achieve operational efficiency, meaningful innovation, and sustainable business growth.

This research explores the management of management information systems at Jomelo Cosmetic Shop on Bukit Kaminting Induk Street, Palangka Raya City using qualitative methods and a holistic approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study discovered that the deployment of a management information system has a significant impact on the efficacy of the organization's data source system, with 100% of respondents stating that SIM helps improve operational efficiency and decision-making. In the study, one hundred percent of respondents stated that SIM improves operational efficiency and decision-making processes, which shows how important the implementation of a management information system  is to improve the performance of enterprise data source systems. The study recommends several measures to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of  management information system, such as increasing staff training on the use of SIM (80% of respondents agreed), monitoring and evaluating SIM performance regularly (75% of respondents agreed) and optimizing the use of information technology to support SIM (65% of respondents agreed). This study also recommends several steps to improve product information for customers, such as providing more complete product information on the store website (90% of respondents agreed), utilizing social media to promote products (85% of respondents agreed), and training store staff to provide proper product information (70% of respondents agreed The findings of this study indicate that Jomelo Cosmetic Shop can improve its competitiveness and quality of service to customers by implementing best practices in information systems management. This is expected to improve operational efficiency and better delivery of product information to customers.

This research is a literature study on the relationship between business mathematics and economic mathematics, both in terms of concepts and applications. With an in-depth understanding of business mathematics, it is hoped that readers can appreciate the importance of applying mathematics in business decision-making and apply a data-driven scientific approach in their endeavors. Business mathematics is a very important science in modern management, helping companies to make better decisions, improve operational performance, and achieve goals in a fast-changing business environment

This research aims to determine the implementation of operational audits and measure the effectiveness and efficiency of investment management at INTI Pension Fund. Through this research, the author conducted an operational audit using secondary data in the form of Investment Reports and INTI Pension Fund Audited Financial Statements from 2016 to 2020. This study was conducted using a literature review method by examining and analyzing 10 articles. Based on the results of the research and literature review, it can be concluded that the audit results show that the investment management at INTI Pension Fund complies with the Investment Guidelines; however, there are still some weaknesses. It can be concluded that the investment management was not effective in 2018-2020 because the return on investment (ROI) did not meet the targets set in the Investment Direction, which were 7.43%, 6.68%, and 7.68%, respectively, whereas it should have been 9%.

The RKAS application is an information and communication system to facilitate the budgeting, implementation and administration as well as accountability of the School Operational Assistance Fund in primary and secondary education units nationally. This study aims to determine how the RKAS application operates in assisting the management of the School Operational Assistance Fund (BOS). The method used in this research is a systematic literature review with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) model. The data for this study was taken from the google scholar database. The results of this study show that the RKAS application is very helpful in managing BOS funds, besides that the RKAS application can also ensure accountability, transparency, effectiveness, and efficiency in its management. ARKAS allows schools to plan, implement, and report the use of funds efficiently. The use of ARKAS also makes it easier to monitor and evaluate the use of BOS funds. The use of the RKAS application has a significant impact on school financial management, the operation of a good RKAS application will have a good impact on schools, and vice versa. Thus, schools are obliged to use the RKAS application as a guide in managing BOS funds, so that BOS funds can be managed accountably and transparently and help in school management.

SMES (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) often face significant challenges, especially related to financial and workforce risk management. This research aims to analyze Lela Florist's financial risk management. In this research, a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews was used to collect data from business owners and female employees. The analysis is carried out with a focus on financial risk management strategies, such as product and service diversification, creative promotions, cash flow management, separation of company assets and access to capital. Lela Florist has implemented various strategies to manage financial risks effectively. Diversification of products and services, creative promotions, and utilization of online delivery and ordering services help reduce financial risks and maintain revenue stability. Meanwhile, efficient management of employee costs, employee development and effective performance management increases productivity and maintains service quality. This research shows that Lela Florist's financial risk management has effectively played an important role in the operational success of SMES.  

This study analyzes the influence of payment gateways, financial literacy, and digitalization on the financial performance of MSME actors in Brebes Regency, especially Mitra Mandiri MSMEs. MSMEs have a significant role in Indonesia's economy, but they still face various challenges, especially in the aspects of financial technology and digital literacy. Payment gateways enable faster and safer transactions, while financial literacy supports better cash flow management and financial planning. Digitalization also plays a role in improving operational efficiency. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey approach to 51 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed by multiple linear regression to test the relationship between variables. The results of the study show that payment gateways and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of MSMEs. Payment gateways improve transaction efficiency and expand market access, while financial literacy helps in better financial management. However, digitalization does not have a significant influence on financial performance, showing that the implementation of digital technology still faces obstacles in the adoption and optimal utilization by MSME actors. These findings emphasize the importance of increasing the use of payment gateways and financial literacy education for MSME actors to improve their financial performance.

Motorized vehicles, especially motorbikes, have now become daily necessities, no longer classified as luxury goods. Due to the high level of need, almost every family has one motorbike, maybe even more than one. Motor vehicles are simple forms of transportation, can be driven in residential areas, both urban and rural, and the operational costs are relatively affordable for most groups. Current developments in motorbike design allow riders from young to old. Data shows that demand and use of motorbikes continues to increase. According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), in 2022 the number of vehicles in Indonesia will reach 148,212,865. The number of private vehicles in Indonesia is still dominated by motorbikes with a figure of 125,267,349 units (almost 85% of which are dominated by motorbikes). With the rapid increase in the number of motorized vehicles, many workshops and repairs have emerged, both large and small, official and unofficial workshops. The problems that arise are due to busyness, laziness or lack of knowledge and skills, so motorbike servicing is carried out at a repair shop. Especially for young people and students, who only like riding motorbikes, don't care about the condition of the motorbike, and don't learn how to service it even to repair minor damage. This will benefit the workshop. In fact, you should be able to save money if you can repair it yourself. It can even be detrimental if it is serviced by an irresponsible illegal workshop. From the results of surveys and observations at the Assa'adah Islamic Boarding School, South Tangerang, almost all students are unable to service their motorbikes themselves. Therefore, the team of Mechanical Engineering Lecturers at Pamulang University offers motorbike service training for students with the aim of giving them knowledge and skills in servicing motorbikes. Armed with this knowledge and skills, it is hoped that motorbike maintenance and if damage occurs, you can do it yourself, you don't need to take it to a repair shop. At least with this knowledge and skills, you can save financial expenses, and even the knowledge and skills obtained can become provisions for opening a motorbike service business in the future. The training offered is packaged in the form of Community Service (PKM) as one of the elements of the Tridharma of Higher Education. A short training method will be given in theory about motorbike service and maintenance, and practical motorbike service and maintenance will be carried out.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing incentive systems for employees at UD. Vita Jaya Meuble. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis, involving surveys and interviews with the owners of the business as well as the company's management. Data were collected to assess to what extent the incentive system encourages employees to achieve company goals, improve productivity, and motivate performance. The results of the analysis will provide insights into the effectiveness of the existing incentive system and recommendations for possible improvements. This research is expected to contribute to improving employee performance and satisfaction, as well as operational efficiency at UD. Vita Jaya Meuble.

Effective and efficient workshop management is a crucial element in the shipbuilding industry to ensure smooth production processes and quality final results. In an effort to increase efficiency and productivity, this research optimizes workshop management from equipment to monitoring project work on this system. Especially in the HO (Hull Outfitting) system at PT. PAL INDONESIA. The case study method was used to collect data from field observations, interviews with relevant personnel and analysis of documentation related to application implementation. This application facilitates more detailed real-time monitoring of workshop activities, allowing managers to quickly identify and resolve operational problems and take necessary corrective actions. The use of this application also aims to improve equipment and material management with more efficient scheduling and better integration between various departments. Implementing the HO (Hull Outfitting) system in applications also provides additional benefits, such as more integrated and comprehensive project management, better monitoring of the condition of workshop equipment, and reduced risk of errors and delays. With a web-based application, the equipment calibration and maintenance process is more structured, transparent and responsive to changes. These findings underline the importance of information technology in supporting the optimization of workshop management and increasing productivity in the shipbuilding industry.

Corporate governance, audit committee, and audit quality are important factors that can influence company performance. Good corporate governance can create an effective internal control system, increase transparency and maintain company accountability. The audit committee, as part of corporate governance, plays a role in overseeing the financial reporting process, evaluating the internal control system, and monitoring external audit performance. High audit quality can increase stakeholder confidence in the company's financial reports and provide guarantees for the accuracy and reliability of financial information. This research aims to analyze the influence of corporate governance, audit committee, and audit quality on company performance. Corporate governance variables are measured using corporate governance scores, while audit committee variables are evaluated based on the characteristics and effectiveness of the audit committee. Audit quality is assessed by the reputation and experience of the external auditor. Meanwhile, company performance is measured using financial ratios such as return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). This research uses data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during a certain period. Data analysis was carried out using the multiple linear regression method to test the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. It is hoped that the findings of this research will contribute to the development of corporate governance practices, audit committee management, and improvement of audit quality in Indonesia, as well as provide insight for companies in efforts to improve their financial and operational performance.

Companies such as financial institutions in carrying out operational activities always want to obtain high profits such as profit engineering. Earnings engineering is one of the contemporary issues in finance, especially in Indonesia. In several reports in a large company there are 77% of senior managers involved in unethical behavior by carrying out scandals that are motivated by earnings management. This is problematic for the development of accounting, especially sharia accounting. Study aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic earnings management in Islamic accounting. In this study teh method use is the literatur review by collecting secondary data from various related journal. The results show that there are still earnings engineering practices in companies and financial institutions in Indonesia. For this reason, sharia principles really need to be emphasized in order to improve the quality of sharia accounting that is completely free from fraudulent practices. One of the appropriate efforts is to apply sharia accounting in conducting profit-sharing financing, proper and effective monitoring must be carried out with adequate supervision and reporting, so that companies such as Islamic banks or companies can avoid earning management and profit engineering. Financial institutions that apply sharia accounting principles are required to implement Islamic earnings management as a profit management practice in accordance with Islamic religious rules and ethics.