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Asphyxia is a condition in which a baby fails to breathe spontaneously and regularly immediately after birth, preventing oxygen intake and carbonic acid removal (Dewi, 2011). It is a pathological change caused by insufficient oxygen in the respiratory air, leading to hypoxia and hypercapnia (Ridha, 2014). Asphyxia can occur at birth (primary asphyxia) or develop later (secondary asphyxia). This study aims to identify factors influencing neonatal asphyxia at the Pagar Merbau Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2023. The research employs an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. Data analysis utilized the chi-square statistical test and Fisher’s Exact Test in SPSS to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Results from bivariate analysis using Fisher's Exact Test revealed a p-value of 0.344, indicating no statistically significant relationship between maternal age and neonatal asphyxia at the Pagar Merbau Health Center in 2023. To reduce neonatal asphyxia risk, pregnant women should undergo regular antenatal care using available health facilities to detect complications such as premature birth (<37 weeks), postmature birth (>42 weeks), low birth weight, or premature rupture of membranes. Early detection and appropriate medical intervention can minimize neonatal asphyxia incidence. Healthcare providers must enhance prenatal education and monitoring programs to ensure better maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Strengthening healthcare services and raising awareness among pregnant women about risk factors can contribute significantly to reducing neonatal asphyxia cases.

Mothers who have difficulty adapting to labor pain can cause uterine contractions to become uncoordinated, which risks prolonging the first phase of labor and disrupting fetal well-being. This study aims to analyze the effect of breathing relaxation techniques on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage at the Pagar Merbau Health Center, Pagar Merbau District, Deli Serdang Regency in 2023. This study used a quantitative method with a One Group Pre-Test Post-Test design. The study population included all mothers giving birth in the period from April to June 2023, with a sample size of 15 respondents. The results showed that before the intervention, there were 2 respondents (13.3%) who experienced mild pain, 6 respondents (40.0%) with moderate pain, and 7 respondents (46.7%) experienced severe pain. After the intervention, the number of respondents with mild pain increased to 8 people (53.3%), moderate pain decreased to 4 people (26.7%), and severe pain decreased to 3 people (20.0%). The results of this study indicate a significant change in the level of pain in mothers giving birth before and after treatment. Therefore, it is expected that midwives at the Pagar Merbau Health Center can optimize the application of breathing relaxation techniques as a method to reduce labor pain, especially in the first phase of labor.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial factor in improving infant growth and health during the first six months of life. However, the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding is often influenced by various maternal factors, including the mother’s occupation. Working mothers frequently face challenges related to time constraints, workplace support, and breastfeeding facilities, which may affect their ability to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Understanding the relationship between maternal occupation and exclusive breastfeeding is essential to improve breastfeeding promotion programs at primary health care levels. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding at the Posi Posi Community Health Center. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 mothers who had infants aged 6–12 months, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and maternal health records. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to examine the relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding practices. Results: The results showed a statistically significant relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding practices. The Wilcoxon test analysis obtained a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating that maternal occupation significantly influenced the provision of exclusive breastfeeding at the Posi Posi Community Health Center. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding. Working mothers tend to experience more barriers in providing exclusive breastfeeding compared to non-working mothers. Strengthening workplace support, breastfeeding-friendly policies, and continuous health education is recommended to improve exclusive breastfeeding coverage.

Wrong perceptions regarding exclusive breastfeeding can influence exclusive breastfeeding. An example is insufficient breast milk production. This reason is the main reason mothers do not breastfeed exclusively. In this case, the mother feels that her breast milk is not enough, with various complaints such as the breasts getting smaller, the breast milk becoming thinner, the baby crying more often and asking to be breastfed more often (Walyani, 2015). This research aims to determine the relationship between maternal characteristics and social support on the provision of exclusive breast milk to breastfeeding mothers at the Datuk Bandar Community Health Center, Datuk Bandar District, Tanjungbalai City in 2024. This type of research is research with a cross-sectional design. The population and sample were all breastfeeding mothers at the Datuk Bandar Community Health Center, Datuk Bandar District, Tanjungbalai City in 2024 in May-June, as many as 39 people using the total sampling technique using the Chi Square statistical test. There is no significant relationship between age and exclusive breastfeeding. There is a significant relationship between education level and exclusive breastfeeding. There is a significant relationship between work and exclusive breastfeeding. There is no significant relationship between social support and exclusive breastfeeding at the Datuk Bandar Community Health Center, Datuk Bandar District, Tanjungbalai City in 2024

Basic immunization is one of the prevention programs for communicable diseases to children. Immunization coverage rates in regions have not yet reached the target. This is caused by many factors. This study aimedto analyze factorsthatinfluencingto maternal behavior in fulfilling basic immunization for children aged 0-12 months in the Work Areaof the Sumobito Health Center in Jombang.The factors analyzed are not only internal factors of the individual, but also external factors, both family environment and the availability ofservices, whichare also determinants ofbehavior.This research was observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Data analysis used logistic regressiontest. The results of this study indicated that factorsinfluencedmaternal behavior in fulfilling childbasic immunization wereattitude (p = 0,000), trust (p = 0,002), family support (p = 0.006), access (p = 0,000), and information (p=0,000), while age (0,718) and work status (0,844) did not influence to maternal behavior in fulfilling child basic immunizationThis is because, during the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers worked at home so they had time to deliver their children to immunization

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal complaint among pregnant women, particularly during the third trimester, due to hormonal changes, reduced intestinal motility, and mechanical pressure from the enlarged uterus. This condition can negatively affect maternal comfort and quality of life. Probiotics have been suggested as a safe, non-pharmacological intervention to improve bowel function during pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the effect of probiotic (yogurt) administration on constipation among third-trimester pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Pusian, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. A quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design was conducted involving 40 third-trimester pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Respondents were divided into two groups: those who received probiotic yogurt and those who did not. Constipation was assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Mann–Whitney U test. The results showed a statistically significant difference in constipation outcomes between the probiotic and non-probiotic groups (p = 0.000). Pregnant women who received probiotics demonstrated better stool consistency and bowel movement patterns compared to those who did not receive probiotics. In conclusion, probiotic yogurt administration has a significant effect in reducing constipation among third-trimester pregnant women and can be recommended as a safe and practical intervention in antenatal care services.

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women, particularly in developing countries. Although early detection methods such as visual inspection with acetic acid (IVA) and Pap smear are effective, participation among women of reproductive age is still low. Identifying factors that influence women’s interest in cervical cancer screening is essential to strengthen prevention programs at the primary healthcare level. Method:  This study used a quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in the working area of UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Ome Tidore. Participants were women of reproductive age (15–49 years) selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, access to health information, family or husband support, and interest in early detection of cervical cancer. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Results: The results showed that age, education level, knowledge, attitudes, access to health information, and family or husband support were significantly associated with women’s interest in early detection of cervical cancer. Women aged 25–49 years, those with higher education, good knowledge, positive attitudes, adequate access to information, and strong family support demonstrated higher interest in screening. Fear, embarrassment, lack of time, and misconceptions were identified as common barriers. Conclusion: Women’s interest in cervical cancer early detection is influenced by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Strengthening health education, improving information access, and involving family support are key to increasing screening participation.

The study highlighted an alarming rise in anemia cases among pregnant women in Batam City, with a dramatic increase in incidence from 26.3% in 2022 to 52.65% in 2023. Conducted at Posyandu Bakau Serip and Sakura Indah Sambau Community Health Center, this cross-sectional research aimed to assess the correlation between protein intake and anemia incidence among 45 pregnant women selected using purposive sampling. Protein intake was evaluated through a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and anemia was determined by measuring hemoglobin levels. Using the Chi-square test, the study revealed a significant relationship between protein intake and anemia (p = 0.031). Insufficient protein intake was associated with a notably higher risk of anemia. These findings emphasize the critical role of adequate protein consumption during pregnancy in reducing the risk of anemia and its associated complications.

Anemia in adolescent girls remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in island regions with limited access to health information and services. One of the main factors contributing to the high incidence of anemia is the low level of knowledge and attitudes among adolescent girls regarding the importance of consuming iron (Fe) tablets. Nutrition education is seen as a promotive-preventive strategy that has the potential to improve the determinants of anemia prevention behavior. This study aims to analyze the effect of nutrition education on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls regarding the importance of consuming iron tablets in community health centers in the Morotai Islands. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 30 adolescent girls selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to measure knowledge and attitudes before and after the nutrition education intervention. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and inferentially using paired statistical tests appropriate to the data distribution. The results showed an increase in the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls towards consuming iron tablets after being provided with nutrition education. Statistical tests showed a statistically significant difference between the conditions before and after the intervention in both knowledge and attitude variables. In conclusion, nutrition education significantly impacts adolescent girls' knowledge and positive attitudes toward iron tablet consumption. Structured and sustainable integration of nutrition education into primary healthcare services, particularly in island regions, is crucial to support anemia prevention efforts from adolescence onward.

Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants are at high risk for complications and are one of the leading causes of infant mortality in Indonesia, including in Aceh Province, where infant mortality rates are significant. This study aims to analyze the impact of LBW infant care on child development in the working area of Langsa Timur Health Center, Langsa Timur District, Langsa City, Aceh Province, in 2023. The research used a qualitative approach, conducting interviews with mothers and infants with a history of LBW. Data analysis was performed descriptively using univariate analysis to identify the characteristics of mothers and infants, as well as child development. The results showed that the majority of mothers (80%) were under 35 years old, had secondary education (100%), and were housewives (100%). The majority of infants were female (60%), and most had appropriate development (60%). The majority of infants had a history of LBW (60%). The findings suggest that appropriate care for LBW infants plays a crucial role in supporting child development and is expected to contribute to efforts to reduce LBW rates and infant mortality in the region, as well as improving the quality of maternal and child healthcare services.  

Febrile seizures are a common neurological condition occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with an incidence rate of 2-5%. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to prevent long-term developmental impacts. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the classification of febrile seizures and child development in the working area of the Barus Jahe Health Center, Barus Jahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2023. The research used an observational method with a qualitative descriptive design, collecting data through interviews and physical measurements from 10 children who experienced seizures. The results showed that 70% of the children who experienced seizures were older than 1 year, while 30% were under 1 year old. In terms of gender, 60% of the children were male and 40% were female. Regarding seizure classification, 70% of the children had simple seizures, and 30% had complex seizures. Concerning child development, 60% showed normal development, 20% showed questionable development, and 20% required further monitoring. This study highlights the importance of appropriate management to prevent developmental issues resulting from febrile seizures.

Infertility, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), affects approximately 8-12% of couples of reproductive age worldwide. In Indonesia, its prevalence ranges from 10-15%, meaning about 4-6 million couples require treatment to conceive. The incidence of infertility is influenced by various factors, including access to and the quality of healthcare services. Therefore, healthcare providers’ knowledge and awareness of infertility play a crucial role in its management, leading to early detection and appropriate referrals to advanced healthcare facilities. Given the limited access to information and healthcare services in remote areas, educating and promoting early detection of infertility by healthcare providers is essential to improving healthcare quality in those regions. This community service activity aims to enhance healthcare workers' understanding of diagnosing infertility, ensuring that patients are promptly referred for further treatment. The activity took place on Friday, November 15, 2024, via Zoom Meeting, in collaboration with an experienced OB/GYN doctor in Kupang. A total of 27 participants attended, consisting of 20 people from Bakunase Health Center and 7 people from Sikumana Health Center.

Stunting does not occur in a short time, but is a long and repeated process of malnutrition starting from the womb. Efforts to prevent stunting can be done starting from adolescence. The health status of adolescents determines the quality of life as adults, especially adolescent girls. The most common health problem in adolescent girls is nutritional problems, namely anemia. Adolescent girls who suffer from anemia are at risk of becoming women of childbearing age with anemia, then becoming pregnant women with anemia, and even experiencing protein energy deficiency. The activity method is carried out by providing counseling using the Pocket Book on Anemia in the work area of ​​the Perumnas II Health Center to participants who attended as many as 30 Adolescent Girls. Community service activities have been carried out and have received a good response from adolescent girls. The pocket book distributed to participants functions as an effective tool to remind and reinforce the material that has been delivered during the counseling.

Adolescence is marked by growth and development in various aspects, including physical, psychological, and intellectual. They tend to have a great sense of curiosity, like challenges, and dare to take risks. However, this also makes them vulnerable to various risks, both in the short and long term. Therefore, health services are needed that care about the needs of adolescents, especially in terms of reproductive health. This study aims to determine whether there is an Influence of Health Education About "the influence of health education about early marriage on the level of Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents at the Tinggi Raja Health Center. Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District in 2023. The type of quasi-experimental research with a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, the research sample amounted to 30 people, who were selected using a sampling technique with the Total Sampling Technique. Based on the results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test, the results of the p value of knowledge = 0.000 <0.05 and the p value of attitude = 0.000 <0.05. So it is proven that there is a significant influence between health education about early marriage on the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescents at the Tinggi Raja Health Center. Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District in 2023.

This study aims to find out and analyze the legal basis for considering the regulation of fine sanctions of Kupang Mayor Regulation Number 7 of 2013 concerning the health of mothers, infants and children under five and to find out and assess the effectiveness of the enforcement of Kupang Mayor Regulation Number 7 of 2013 concerning the Health of Mother, Infants and Children under five through the regulation of fine sanctions. This type of research is empirical normative research using interviews and data analysis methods that are carried out qualitatively. In this study, the author uses a type of empirical normative research or legal research that examines written law from the aspects of theory, history, philosophy, comparison, structure and composition, scope and material, general explanation of article by article, formality and binding force of a law but not binding aspects of its application or implementation. The results of the study show the legal basis for considering the regulation of fine sanctions in Kupang Mayor Regulation Number 7 of 2013 concerning the health of mothers, infants and children under five, because there are still incidents of childbirth outside health facilities in the working area of the Bakunase Health Center which can be at risk of maternal and infant mortality rates. This happens because there are still pregnant women who give birth at home because of impromptu childbirth so that childbirth does not occur in health facilities but outside health facilities or at home and childbirth is still helped by birth attendants. The risk of maternal and infant mortality can still occur. The effectiveness of the enforcement of Kupang Mayor Regulation Number 7 of 2013 concerning the Health of Mothers, Infants and Children Under Five through the regulation of fine sanctions in the working area of the Bakunase Health Center has been effective for health workers. For the public, there are still many who do not know about the Regulation of the Mayor of Kupang Number 7 of 2013 concerning the Health of Mothers, Babies and Children under five so that there are still incidents of childbirth outside health facilities and childbirth assisted by shamans. Knowledge about childbirth, attitudes and family support in this study also has an important role in determining mothers to have a safe delivery. It is suggested that new regional regulations need to be socialized to the community so that existing regulations can run effectively. An obedient society is also a basic thing so that regulations can run effectively.

Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Screening is an early effort to identify NCD risk factors in individuals or groups through the Integrated Development Post (Posbindu) NCD. NCDs consist of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Cervical and Breast Cancer, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. NCDs are increasing and are the main cause of death of the population. In 2030, it is targeted that at least the number of premature deaths due to NCDs can be prevented through the SDGs program by 25%. The Faculty of Health Sciences (Fikes) of Musi Charitas Catholic University (UKMC) is part of the Sukarami Health Center Working Area which has 396 students in the 2024/2025 academic year. Fikes finds out whether or not there are NCD risk data factors in students. Lecturers and Officers of the Sukarami Health Center are actively conducting NCD screening using the Posbindu activity method, namely 5 Tables (Registration, Interview, Measurement, Examination and Counseling/Education). The target of all UKMC Fikes students who are studying on campus is 287 (72.47%). The activities carried out were measuring Body Weight (BB), Height (BB), determining Body Mass Index (BMI). Implementation of procedures in accordance with the guidelines set by the Indonesian National Nurses Association (PPNI). Results: The target achievement was 245 (85.37%) of the original target of 287. Analysis results 1) Students who have a BMI > 25 are 72 (29.39%) students; have a waist circumference > 80 (women) and > 90 (men) are 62 (25%) students. Blood pressure > 130/90 mmHg is owned by 6 (2.45%) students, while random blood sugar > 180 mg/dl is owned by 1 (0.41%) student. Suggestions or Follow-up Action Plans: All students are screened periodically and PTM control is carried out.

This study aims to determine the comparison of Instant and Homemade MP-ASI to meet the nutritional status of infants aged 6-12 months in the working area of Cio Maloleo Health Center. Instant MP-ASI is made based on special provisions set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The type of research used in this study is comparative research, namely comparing the mean growth value of children given Homemade MP-ASI and instant MP-ASI. The measurement scale used is a ratio scale used to determine the comparison of Instant and Homemade MP-ASI. This study uses an Independent t-test analysis. Based on the output results that have been presented, it was found that the significance value (2-tailed) is 0.348, which is greater than 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the average provision of Instant and Homemade MP-ASI.  

The support of husbands and family members in safe childbirth preparation is crucial for pregnant women. Husbands serve as both emotional and physical companions, providing comfort and security during the birthing process. Challenges encountered in community service partnerships related to spousal and familial support in safe childbirth preparation can encompass several aspects. Firstly, a lack of understanding among husbands and family members regarding the childbirth process can result in minimal emotional and physical support. Many husbands do not participate in prenatal education, leaving them unprepared to provide the necessary support. Secondly, cultural norms that limit the husband's role in childbirth can pose challenges. In some communities, there is still a belief that the husband's role is insignificant in childbirth preparation, leading to decreased participation. This can diminish the pregnant woman's self-confidence and create discomfort. Based on the challenges faced by partners, the proposed solution is the creation of engaging informational media to facilitate the dissemination of information to the public, particularly to husbands and family members, in support of safe childbirth preparation, a program referred to as DuGaLiMan. This initiative was implemented in September 2024 at Babirik Community Health Center, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The DuGaLiMan program, which focuses on spousal and familial support in safe childbirth preparation at Babirik Community Health Center, demonstrates its success in achieving its objectives. The program has successfully increased the knowledge and awareness of husbands and family members regarding the importance of their roles during the childbirth process. With appropriate education, they can provide the necessary emotional and physical support to pregnant women, creating a safer and more comfortable environment.

Pulmonary tuberculosis causes physical and psychological impacts, if there is no good coping mechanism and social support, it can cause self-esteem to be disturbed. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social support and self-esteem in pulmonary TB patients at the Pekauman Health Center, Banjarmasin City. The type of research is descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional design on 36 samples of pulmonary TB patients at the Pekauman Health Center, Banjarmasin City with a total sampling technique. This study used primary data obtained from questionnaires. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate Chi Square. The study found that respondents' social support was low 38.9%, moderate social support 30.6% and high social support 30.6% while low self-esteem was 50%, moderate self-esteem 27.8% and high self-esteem 22.2%. Chi square analysis obtained a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), meaning that there was a relationship between social support and self-esteem in pulmonary TB patients at the Pekauman Health Center, Banjarmasin City.

The National Health Insurance Program (JKN) organized by BPJS Health aims to improve access and quality of health services for all levels of Indonesian society. This research examines the effectiveness of the JKN program, with a focus on the use of the JKN mobile application, program implementation in health facilities, and factors that influence service quality. Based on case studies in several regions, the research results show that the JKN mobile application makes it easy for participants to access health-related services and information, although there are still obstacles such as a lack of public understanding of the application and technical problems. Apart from that, health services in hospitals and community health centers still face challenges such as a shortage of medical personnel, delays in services, and timeliness in administrative processes. Although the JKN program has expanded access to services, challenges in equal distribution of service quality and health resources still need to be overcome. Overall, the JKN program plays an important role in improving people's health and welfare, but improvements are needed in terms of community understanding, infrastructure and service efficiency to achieve more optimal and equitable health goals throughout Indonesia.