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Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition of decreased or non-functioning thyroid gland that is present since newborns. This occurs due to anatomical abnormalities or metabolic disorders of thyroid hormone formation or iodine deficiency. Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening (CHS) is an important health program that aims to detect thyroid disorders early in newborns. Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening is a screening/screening test to sort out babies suffering from Congenital Hypothyroidism from babies who do not suffer. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on pregnant women's knowledge about congenital hypothyroidism screening (CHS). This study used a Pre-Experimental Design with a One Group Pre-test and Post-test Design. The sample consisted of 56 pregnant women with sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test. The results of the study obtained that most of the respondents' knowledge before being given the intervention was in the sufficient category (42.9%). While most of the knowledge after being given the intervention was in the good category (78.6%). The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.00 < 0.05, indicating an effect of health education on knowledge about congenital hypothyroidism (CHS) screening among pregnant women at the Pulisan Community Health Center. This study is expected to provide input to pregnant women, who should be more critical, especially regarding indicators of understanding, examination timing, and the impact of not undergoing CHS. They can frequently read the KIA book and leaflets provided during counseling sessions to gain better and more quality knowledge.

Breast milk production in the early postpartum period often experiences obstacles due to physiological and psychological factors, which can affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Non-pharmacological interventions such as oxytocin massage are known to help stimulate the milk ejection reflex, but their application in primary health facilities is still limited. This study aims to determine the effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers. The study design used a quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pretest–posttest design. The study sample consisted of 30 breastfeeding mothers who met the criteria and were selected using total sampling technique at the Galala Inpatient Health Center. Breast milk production was measured based on volume and clinical signs of breast milk production before and after the oxytocin massage intervention. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed a significant increase in breast milk volume and signs of production after the intervention with a p-value < 0.001. This indicates that oxytocin massage is effective in increasing breast milk production through a neurohormonal stimulation mechanism that enhances the let-down reflex. In conclusion, oxytocin massage can be recommended as a lactation support intervention in primary care facilities to support successful exclusive breastfeeding.

In Indonesia, the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and the high rate of stunting are mostly due to inadequate breast milk production. The purpose of this research is to examine the efficacy of infrared therapy, ginger boreh, and ginger herbal therapy in promoting breast milk production in nursing moms. With a pre-experimental layout using a one-group pretest–posttest design, this research employed a quantitative methodology. Prior to the intervention and again after it was administered, the study participants were watched. Postpartum women in the Rum Balibunga Community Health Center's working area comprised the study population. Using a purposive sampling approach, 30 breastfeeding moms were chosen for the study sample based on pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical analysis, which utilized the Wilcoxon test, revealed a significance value of 0.000, which is less than the significance threshold of 0.05 (p < 0.05). It may therefore be concluded that infrared therapy, ginger boreh, and ginger herbal therapy are all successful in boosting breast milk output in postpartum moms. This study's findings can serve as a foundation for future research, as well as an alternative therapy for postpartum women in breastfeeding care, by enhancing procedures and introducing other interventional advances.

Every baby is expected to receive five complete basic immunizations. Complete basic immunization coverage is the percentage of babies aged 0-11 months who have received five complete basic immunizations according to the number and time of basic immunization. This study aims to find the relationship between husband's support as an independent variable and the mother's attitude in infant immunization as a dependent variable, each of which data is collected at the same time. The sample in this study were 45 babies registered at the Gebang Health Center, Langkat Regency for May to July 2021, with the research sample method being total sampling. This research was conducted at the Gebang Health Center, Langkat Regency. From the results of the study, there is a significant relationship between husband's support and the mother's attitude in providing infant immunization in the Gebang Health Center work area, Jl.Jendral Sudirman No.104 Langkat. The correlation strength (r) is 0.730, indicating the relationship between the two variables in the strong degree category. The direction of the positive correlation (+) indicates that the greater the husband's support, the more positive the mother's attitude in providing infant immunization. The results and discussion of the study are expected to be a reference for nursing students in: Conducting further research on factors that can influence mothers' attitudes in providing infant immunization.

Because breast milk contains a wide range of chemicals and protective elements that are essential for the growth and development of newborns and reduce infant morbidity and mortality, breast milk is the healthiest nutrient for babies. With hundreds of bioactive chemicals that can protect babies from disease and aid in the development of the ideal immune sistem, its composition is very comprehensive and complex. The purpose of this study is to find out how much motivation postpartum mothers at pujon Health Center, Central Kalimantan are to breastfeed after receiving information about exclusive breastfeeding. Quantitative research with a quasi experimental design using pretest and posttest with uneven control groups is the research methodology used. Both pretest and posttest are given before and after the intervention. WHO or UNICEF nursing observation sheets, lactation method films, and questionnaires are the tools used. Data analysis was carried out using the Mann Whitney bivariate test and the univariate test for education, parity, and knowledge. 

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a disease that attacks the body's immune system so that it is unable to fight various diseases. Communities with low levels of health literacy will face more problems. According to the Central Java Provincial Health Service, the number of HIV sufferers has also increased rapidly to Central Java, Semarang City with 331 cases, and the majority of those infected are men. The general aim of this research is to determine the relationship between health literacy and adherence to taking antiretroviral drugs (ARV) in people living with HIV (PLHIV). This research is a type of non-experimental descriptive analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The samples taken were all patients with HIV (PLHIV) who took ARV drugs in the work area of ​​the Poncol Health Center, Semarang City. The technique used was consecutive sampling of 83 people. The correlation test used in this research is the chi-square test. From the results of the analysis, it was found that of the 83 research respondents, there was a relationship between the health literacy of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the use of antiretroviral drugs (p value 0.003). The research results showed that the majority of respondents had high health literacy and were compliant with medication consumption with a total of 55 respondents (96.5%).

A fundamental component of human resources is the capacity to facilitate corporate objectives and determine whether enhanced competencies might elevate performance. Organizational commitment is crucial as it reflects the allegiance of medical workers to their institution. High devotion among medical workers will result in optimal performance. This research aims to ascertain the impact of work ability on the performance of medical personnel, with organizational commitment serving as an intervening variable at the Kenali Besar Community Health Center. The research methodology employs quantitative descriptive analysis. This research demonstrates that work ability has a favorable and significant impact on the performance of medical personnel. The capacity for work exerts a favorable and substantial impact on organizational commitment. Organizational commitment positively and significantly affects the performance of medical personnel. Work ability exerts a positive and considerable impact on the performance of medical personnel, with organizational commitment serving as an intervening element.  

Signs of danger in the third trimester of pregnancy are important indicators for preventing obstetric complications that can potentially increase the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. However, the level of awareness and preparedness of mothers in recognizing signs of danger often depends on access to education and the quality of information received during pregnancy. Maternity classes are one of the educational strategies recommended in antenatal care to improve mothers' attitudes and understanding of pregnancy health. This study aims to analyze the effect of antenatal classes on mothers' attitudes toward danger signs in the third trimester at the Galala Inpatient Health Center. This study used a quantitative analytical design with a post-test only design approach. The study sample consisted of 30 pregnant women in their third trimester who were selected using total sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using a closed-ended questionnaire based on a Likert scale that had been tested for validity and reliability (α = 0.82). Data analysis was performed descriptively because the distribution of respondents' attitude scores was homogeneous. The results showed that all respondents (100%) had a fairly positive attitude towards pregnancy danger signs after attending the pregnancy class. These findings indicate that pregnancy classes play a role in increasing mothers' awareness of health risks during pregnancy, although they have not yet reached the optimal attitude category. The conclusion of this study confirms that pregnancy classes contribute to improving maternal attitudes and need to be improved through a variety of educational methods and increased frequency of meetings to support stronger attitude change.

Perineal wounds due to spontaneous tears or episiotomy are common conditions experienced by postpartum mothers and have the potential to cause complications if not properly cared for. Low knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers in performing perineal wound care remains a problem in primary health care. This study aims to analyze the effect of perineal wound care education on the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers at the Laiwui Community Health Center, South Halmahera. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 40 postpartum mothers with perineal wounds and were selected using a total sampling technique. The intervention in the form of perineal wound care education was provided in a structured manner through counseling, leaflets, and live demonstrations. The level of knowledge and compliance was measured before and after the intervention using a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers after being provided with education. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference between knowledge levels before and after education (p < 0.05), as well as a significant difference in postpartum maternal compliance (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that perineal wound care education has a significant effect on increasing postpartum maternal knowledge and compliance. Structured and applicable education is recommended to be integrated as part of the standard postpartum care in primary health care to support maternal recovery and prevent postpartum complications.

Background: Duration of labor is a key determinant of childbirth outcomes and may influence the mother’s physiological and psychological state. Prolonged labor is often associated with increased maternal fatigue and emotional stress, which can delay the establishment of early maternal-infant bonding during the taking-hold period. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. A total of 80 postpartum women who delivered vaginally at hospitals and maternity clinics were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected using an observation sheet for labor duration and the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The findings revealed a significant negative correlation between labor duration and maternal-infant bonding scores (r = -0.432; p = 0.002). Mothers who experienced labor longer than 12 hours demonstrated lower emotional closeness with their infants compared to those with shorter labor (<8 hours). Conclusion: Prolonged labor tends to hinder the development of early maternal-infant bonding. Emotional support and midwifery assistance during the labor process are essential to enhance bonding and psychological well-being in the postpartum period.

The incidence of stunting in toddlers is one of the global nutritional problems. Based on UNICEF data from 2010–2017, it shows that the prevalence of stunting in the world reached 28%, in Eastern and Southern Africa it was 40%, and in South Asia it was 38%. When compared with the "non-public health problem" limit according to WHO for stunting problems of 20%, almost all countries in the world experience public health problems. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between knowledge and family income and the incidence of stunting among toddlers at the Rantau Selamat Community Health Center, East Aceh in 2024. This type of research is analytical observational research using a cross-sectional approach, the sample is some of the toddlers at the Rantau Selamat Community Health Center, East Aceh in 2024, a number of 61 respondents. Research results: There is a relationship between knowledge and income and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Rantau Selamat Community Health Center Working Area, East Aceh in 2024. It is recommended for the Community Health Center to provide education to parents so that they have good knowledge of skills in parenting toddlers, and to the local community Those who are pregnant need to pay attention to their diet to prevent LBW. For parents to monitor the growth and development of their children under five so that stunting can be prevented and overcome.

Emesis gravidarum, or nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy, is common and affects the health and comfort of first-trimester pregnant women. Persistent symptoms can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, reduced nutrient intake, and psychological distress, potentially impacting maternal and fetal health. Although pharmacological treatments exist, many pregnant women prefer non-pharmacological methods due to concerns about fetal safety. Aromatherapy, using essential oils such as lemon, peppermint, and lavender, has been explored as a complementary therapy to reduce nausea and vomiting through olfactory stimulation and autonomic nervous system modulation. This study aimed to assess the effect of aromatherapy on reducing emesis gravidarum in first-trimester pregnant women at Puskesmas Pagatan. A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was employed, involving 40 participants divided into an intervention group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The intervention group received lemon essential oil inhalation twice daily for seven days, while the control group continued standard antenatal care. Results showed significant reductions in nausea severity and vomiting frequency in the intervention group (p < 0.001). In contrast, the control group showed minimal, non-significant changes. These findings suggest that aromatherapy is an effective, safe, and culturally acceptable non-pharmacological approach for managing emesis gravidarum, enhancing maternal comfort and well-being during early pregnancy.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy remains a major public health problem and contributes to increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. One of the main causes of anemia in pregnant women is inadequate knowledge regarding anemia prevention, including iron intake, nutrition, and healthy behaviors during pregnancy. Health education is considered an important intervention to improve pregnant women’s understanding and preventive practices against anemia. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on anemia prevention among pregnant women at the Gemia Outpatient Health Center. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 20 pregnant women selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to assess knowledge and anemia prevention behaviors before and after receiving health education. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the effect of health education on anemia prevention among pregnant women. Results: The results showed a statistically significant effect of health education on anemia prevention in pregnant women. The Chi-square test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that health education had a significant influence on anemia prevention practices among pregnant women. Conclusion: Health education has a significant effect on anemia prevention in pregnant women. Providing structured and continuous health education can improve knowledge and preventive behaviors related to anemia during pregnancy. Therefore, health education should be strengthened as an integral part of antenatal care services to reduce the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

This research aims to analyze the role of pastoral counseling in dealing with students who experience toxic masculinity at the Jakarta Ecumenical Theological College. Toxic masculinity is a patriarchal social construction that forms patterns of male behavior that emphasize violence, control and domination. This has a negative impact on students' mental health and interpersonal relationships. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. Participants in this research were pastoral counselors, students, and related parties at the Jakarta Ecumenical Stt. The results of this research show that pastoral counseling has an important role in dealing with students who experience toxic masculinity. Pastoral counseling can help students understand the concept of healthy masculinity, develop self-awareness and learn to manage emotions and behavior constructively. In addition, pastoral counseling can also facilitate changes in student attitudes and behavior through a client-centered approach, emphasizing self-understanding, and building a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship.

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of an infant's life is an important practice that supports child growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between internal maternal factors and breastfeeding patterns. The study was conducted using a cross sectional study design. The study was conducted at Puskesmas Putat Jaya Surabaya with a sample of 63 mothers with infants <6 months who provide direct breastfeeding to their babies. Data were obtained from questionnaires, weight measurement using digital scales and height using microtoice. Data were processed using chi square test. The test results showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge with proper colostrum feeding (p = 0.002), parity with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.002) and maternal nutritional status with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.001). While other variables in this study showed no significant relationship. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and proper colostrum feeding and there is a significant relationship between parity and nutritional status with the frequency of breastfeeding. Suggestions for the need for education as an increase in knowledge and maintaining a diet to increase the success of breastfeeding.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an infectious disease with a high incidence rate, transmitted through airborne droplets. TB patients often face discrimination in various aspects of life. This discrimination can worsen the treatment process, as they may avoid seeking treatment due to fear of being judged or ostracized. Family support for TB patients is expected to aid in treatment adherence and improve their quality of life. This study used a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 55 pulmonary TB patients at Bangetayu Public Health Center in Semarang, selected through total sampling. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate chi-square analysis. The univariate analysis revealed that 98.2% of respondents had good family support, and 89.1% had a fairly good quality of life. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test showed a significant relationship between family support and the quality of life of pulmonary TB patients at Bangetayu Public Health Center, with a p-value of 0.001.

Diabetes mellitus triggers complications that can cause nerve damage, kidney damage, vision problems, diabetic wounds and cardiovascular problems. Healthy eating patterns, exercise, and family support are several strategies for controlling diabetes mellitus and maintaining blood sugar levels in diabetes sufferers within normal limits. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus and diet compliance, physical activity and family support. Purposive sampling, cross-sectional techniques, and analytical observation were used in this study, which involved 119 participants. Based on this research, there was good family support (84.9%), moderate physical activity (63.9%), and high dietary compliance (84.9%). Analysis using the chi square test obtained a p value of 0.001 (<0.05) which shows that there is a significant relationship between diet compliance, physical activity and family support with blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients at the Bangetayu Health Center, Semarang.

This community service activity aims to provide health check-ups and awareness programs for fishermen in Galesong Takalar, Makassar, South Sulawesi. Fishermen are vulnerable to various health issues due to prolonged exposure to extreme weather conditions, lack of nutrition, and high physical workload. The program includes general medical check-ups, awareness sessions on occupational health risks, and distribution of basic health kits. The methods used involve community engagement, collaboration with local health centers, and participatory discussions. The results indicate increased health awareness and early detection of common diseases among fishermen, which can improve their quality of life and work productivity.

Gross motor development in children aged 1–3 years is a crucial aspect of growth and development, influenced by various factors, one of which is nutritional status. Good nutritional status plays a role in optimizing children's growth and development, including gross motor skills. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and gross motor development in children aged 1–3 years at the Posyandu within the working area of Situ Udik Community Health Center (Puskesmas). This study employs a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consists of children aged 1–3 years selected using a random sampling technique. Nutritional status was measured using an anthropometric approach, specifically weight-for-age (W/A), while gross motor development was assessed using the validated Denver Development Screening Test (DDST II) observation sheet. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square statistical test to determine the relationship between nutritional status and gross motor development. The results indicate a significant relationship between nutritional status and gross motor development in children aged 1–3 years (0.013, p ≤ 0.05). Children with good nutritional status tend to have optimal gross motor development compared to those with undernutrition or overnutrition. These findings suggest that good nutritional status is a supporting factor in early childhood gross motor development. Therefore, regular monitoring of nutritional status and parental nutrition education are essential steps in supporting children's optimal growth and development.

Background: The elderly are an important part of the population which is increasing in number in various countries. In facing the various problems and challenges faced by the elderly, family support is very important in helping them. This support not only provides confidence and motivates the elderly to overcome the difficulties they face, the type of support provided by family members can vary from informational support, emotional support, to practical instrumental support. All of these forms of support have a significant contribution to the independence of the elderly in carrying out daily activities. The independence of the elderly is also greatly influenced by their psychological condition or mental status. Various mental disorders such as stress, depression, and fear, as well as emotional conditions such as aggression, anger, and numbness, can significantly affect an elderly person's ability to live independently. Research Objective: to identify a description of the level of independence of elderly people in providing daily activities. Research Method: The research method used in this research is cross sectional. The total sample was 74 elderly people aged 60 years and over. The instrument uses a questionnaire and the measurement instrument uses the Barthel index. The researcher's data analysis technique uses Spearman Rho. Results: shows family support for the elderly, 47 respondents (63.5%) received high family support, 27 respondents (36.5%) received sufficient family support, there were 23 respondents (31.1%) who fell into the category of dependency and 51 respondents (68.9%) were in the independent category. Using Spearman Rho analysis, the results show that the p value = 0.000 < α = 0.05 and the r value = 0.849, meaning that there is a positive and significant relationship between family support and the independence of the elderly in financing daily activities in the Cikembar District Health Center Work Area. Sukabumi Regency. Conclusion: Increasing family support for the elderly is very necessary for the independence of the elderly. Recommendation: It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for future researchers, and it is hoped that the community health center will provide intensive counseling to families so that they provide greater support to the elderly.