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Old age is said to be the final stage of development in the human life cycle which experiences various health problems and is at high risk of dangerous diseases. Health problems that occur in the elderly in general are a decrease in organ function, changes in lifestyle, diet and physical activity which are often the main factors in degenerative diseases including hypertension which disrupts blood flow. This hypertension often occurs in the elderly where the blood pressure is at the upper limit ( Systole) is more than 140 mmHg and lower limit blood pressure (diastole) is more than 90 mmHg. One non-pharmacological treatment that can improve the flow of oxygen in the blood is laughter therapy. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of laughter therapy using comedy videos on reducing blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension at the Tiban Baru Community Health Center, Batam City. The Batam City Health Service noted that hypertension occurs more frequently in elderly people aged 60-70 years and over with the highest number being 9,282 people at the Tiban Baru Community Health Center, Batam City. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design without control. The sample provided used the purpose sampling method with a total research sample of 20 respondents. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an effect of laughter therapy on reducing blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension.

Hypertension is a disease that often attacks the elderly. Health promotion that has been carried out so far has only been through outreach media, and creative media is needed to be able to convey the message of preventing worsening of hypertension sufferers. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of health promotion using film media on knowledge of hypertension prevention in the elderly at the Tanjung Unggat Community Health Center UPTD. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test-post-test design, with a population of 150 people and a sample of 33 respondents selected using purposive sampling. This research data collection tool uses a knowledge questionnaire. The results of this research are that the majority of respondents' knowledge before being given health promotion, 28 respondents (84.8%) were in the poor category. Meanwhile, after being given health promotion, 26 respondents (78.8%) were in the high category. The bivariate test results in this study used the Wilcoxon test with a p value of 0.000 (p value < 0.05). In conclusion, it is stated that health promotion using film media on knowledge of hypertension prevention in the elderly has a significant influence. Suggestions for future researchers to use other creative methods so that optimal health can be achieved.

Background: Counseling and counseling is carried out aiming to provide education related to sleep quality disorders in the elderly regarding the causes of sleep disturbances to how to deal with sleep disorders themselves, debriefing is also carried out for the elderly so they can do independent exercises at home to reduce the effects of sleep disturbances experienced Objective: Relieve complaints of sleep disturbances in the elderly and educate about exercises that can be applied independently at home Method: Providing counseling and counseling related to sleep disorders in the elderly using leaflets and asking questions and answers to the elderly and families regarding things that are known about sleep quality. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was also filled out to determine the quality of sleep in the elderly. Results: Counseling and outreach activities can increase the knowledge of both the elderly and their families about the importance of maintaining sleep quality and how to prevent sleep quality. There has been a significant change in which there has been an increase in sleeping hours in the elderly who have sleep disturbances and no longer wake up frequently at night.

Background: The prevalence of elderly people continues to increase every year. This is directly proportional to the problems that continue to occur. One of them is a decrease in cognitive abilities which results in dementia. One of the risk factors for dementia is the level of physical activity. Decreased physical activity is believed to be one of the causes of dementia in the elderly, along with other risk factors. Objective: To determine the relationship between physical activity levels and risk factors for dementia in elderly posyandu participants in RW 03, Dinoyo Village. Research Method: This research uses descriptive analytical methods with a cross-sectional design. The method with sampling of both variables is carried out in the same time period. The total sample was 51 elderly posyandu participants in RW 03 Dinoyo Village who met the inclusion criteria. The measurement instrument uses the IPAQ-SF questionnaire to measure physical activity levels and the MMSE questionnaire to measure cognitive abilities. The correlation test used the Spearman Rho test with IBM SPSS 25. Results: Based on the Spearman Rho correlation test, the result was p = 0.339 (p > 0.05). The results showed that there was no relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of dementia. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of dementia in respondents. The lack of results in this study was caused by several factors, namely the limited research design and other supporting factors that were not studied.

Elderly is an age group that is susceptible to disease due to decreased function in the body due to the aging process. Uric acid is produced by every living thing as a result of the main metabolic process, namely a chemical process in the cell nucleus that functions to support survival. To overcome complaints of pain that appear in patients with gout, there are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. The usual pharmacological therapy is taking painkillers, namely the Nonstereoidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) group. Complementary therapy is a natural therapy including herbal therapy in the form of bay leaves. The aim of the study was to describe a decrease in uric acid levels by giving bay leaf boiled water to the elderly at the Cilacap Dewanata Institution. The results of this study were obtained after therapy by giving boiled bay leaf water, the patient was more comfortable, the pain was reduced, the last day's observations of vital signs (TTV) showed Td: 110/80 mmHg, Respiration: 20 x/minute, Pulse: 96 x /minute pain scale 2. In conclusion, the application of giving bay leaf boiled water is proven to be able to overcome the problem of diagnosing acute pain associated with physical injury agents, the implementation of self-invasion care was carried out for 3 days, with extraction the results of reduced pain.

Introduction: Older adult with hypertension often experience several problems, one of which is disturbed sleep patterns. Disorders of sleep patterns experienced by the elderly have an impact on the recurrence of the disease, therefore the problem of sleep quality in the elderly must be addressed immediately One of them is providing foot massage reflexology Methods: This study uses a descriptive research design with a case study approach. This research is a study of the application of foot reflexology in the elderly with hypertension with nursing problems with sleep pattern disorders Result: The results of the study at the beginning of the study, on 3 Mey 2023 it was known that the respondent had problems with sleep patterns with a PSQI score of 18. Based on the evaluation results on 5 Mey 2023, it can be concluded that there was an increase in the quality of sleep of respondents with a PSQI score of 9 by giving intervention for 3 days starting from 3-5 Mey 2023 Discussion: Providing an effective foot massage reflexology intervention to overcome the problem of sleep pattern disorders in the elderly with hypertension, foot massage reflexology can relax the body so that sleep will feel more restful, foot massage reflexology intervention is recommended to be given every bedtime.

High blood pressure, marked by a sustained rise in arterial pressure, poses a complex medical challenge with diverse origins. Internal factors like gender, age, and heredity, combined with external elements such as obesity, unhealthy habits, and stress, contribute to its development. The aging process in elderly individuals often results in reduced adaptive capacity, making them more susceptible to various ailments, including hypertension. To address this issue, Therapeutic Touch is explored as a non-pharmacological intervention, utilizing touch energy to modulate the nervous system and hormonal responses, thereby restoring energy balance and reducing pain and blood pressure levels. This study investigates the impact of Therapeutic Touch on blood pressure reduction in hypertensive elderly individuals in Balung Village, Kendit District, Situbondo Regency, using an experimental design with a one-group pre- and post-test setup. The research involves the entire hypertensive elderly population of Balung Village (32 individuals), with 30 participants selected through purposive sampling for a six-session Therapeutic Touch intervention over two weeks. Data collection employs observation sheets with coded responses, revealing a significant post-intervention shift towards normal blood pressure. Statistical analysis, using the Wilcoxon signed test (p-value: 0.000 ? ? 0.005), supports the acceptance of the  hypothesis. In conclusion, Therapeutic Touch proves effective in reducing blood pressure among elderly individuals with hypertension, operating through mechanisms influencing nerves, hormones, and overall body relaxation.

Lower back or waist pain is a disorder in musculoskeletal position due to incorrect ergonomics, characterized by pain in the muscle area between the costal border and the inferior gluteal fold. Risk factors that can influence the incidence of lower back pain are age, gender, body mass index, smoking habits, lack of exercise, years of work, work position, and heavy workload. This community service is a forum to improve and provide education to the elderly about prevention and how to deal with lower back pain using a home program. This service activity was carried out using the counseling method with approximately 20 respondents participating. After being given a presentation of material regarding low back pain and a demonstration regarding recommended home exercises/home programs, most respondents understood and were able to explain the definition, risk factors, symptoms and prevention of low back pain.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder that often occurs with age. This joint disorder can cause various kinds of problems that can interfere with daily activities, such as walking, going up and down stairs, sitting to standing position, prayer activities, standing too long, and so on. Community service activities are carried out by conducting counseling activities related to knee osteoarthritis. The purpose of the outreach activities carried out in the Prolanis community consisting of the elderly or elderly is to increase knowledge and understanding of the role of physiotherapy, especially regarding the management of physiotherapy related to the treatment of osteoarthritis through exercises that can be done independently at home. Physiotherapy management in osteoarthritis can be done using hamstring stretch exercises and quadriceps setting exercises.

Abstract. One of the legacies of the ancestors in the Toba Batak culture is the Manulangi ritual. One of the Manulangi rituals in Toba Batak society is currently known as Sulang-sulang Hariapan. Hariapan toasts in Batak society are known as a way of honoring elderly parents. Respecting parents is an implementation of the fifth law of the Torah contained in Exodus 20:12: "Honor your father and mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you." In Christian teaching, we teach respecting parents, not speaking harshly, not insulting parents, especially when they are sick, but parents must be given encouragement so that even when they are sick, they remain calm and wait for death to come. Every child who respects his parents will receive blessings. The author uses a qualitative approach. The Qualitative Approach emphasizes the search for meaning, understanding, concepts and descriptions of a phenomenon; prioritizes quality, and is presented narratively. Research data was collected through interviews. The author conducted open interviews so as not to limit the informants from conveying their understanding of Sulang-sulang Hariapan. This research was conducted in Sungai Raya Village, Siempat Nempu Hulu District, Dairi Regency. The results of research conducted by the author on traditional figures, religious leaders and ordinary people in Sungai Raya Village in performing the Hariapan Toasts are the result of interpreting the meaning of the Fifth Commandment, even the Hariapan Toasts are the result of a theological study of the Fifth Commandment.

Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the main health problems in every country because it can cause heart disease and deadly brain stroke. Hypertension is seen as a serious health problem because we often don't realize it comes with few if any real symptoms. This disease can continue to get worse without realizing it to a level that threatens the life of the sufferer. Hypertension or high blood pressure is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg on two measurements with an interval of five minutes in a state of sufficient rest/calm. This study used a pre-experimental design method with the type of one group pretest-posttest design. The target in this study were the elderly in Jurong Binje Village, Jangka Buya District, Pidie Jaya Regency. The questionnaire in this study was used to examine the effect of counseling about hypertension on increasing the knowledge of the elderly in Jurong Binje Village, Jangka Buya District, Pidie Jaya Regency. The number of samples taken was 15 elderly people. It is known that most of the respondents were female as many as 10 respondents with a percentage of 66.7%, while most of them were aged 55-60 years as many as 9 respondents with a percentage of 60%. The highest level of knowledge of the elderly before being given counseling was in the moderate category, 5 people (33.3%). The highest level of knowledge of the elderly after being given counseling was in the high category, 15 people (100%). The average knowledge level of the elderly before being given counseling was 1.67 and after being given counseling was 1.00. From these results it can be concluded that there were positive results from the counseling process carried out.  

According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 13 of 1998 concerning elderly welfare, an elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and above.  Indonesia alone ranks fourth in the world with 24 million elderly people who have not received much attention. The decline in various body functions in old age can cause elderly people to have difficulty eating due to various causes. For example, the appetite of the elderly tends to decrease because their sense of taste and smell is no longer as sharp as it used to be to inhale aromas and taste food. The elderly are also more prone to decreased saliva production, loose teeth, weakened intestinal and gastric functions, and decreased stomach acid production which makes it difficult for the body to absorb food. Weakness or paralysis of the face, also known as facial frown, will cause impairment in the ability of facial muscles. Miror Therapy exercises can help improve facial muscle strength in patients with stroke. Regular exercise for 2 times a week can help increase the muscle strength of stroke patients.

The elderly are an age group that is prone to falls. The purpose of this service is to detect the risk of falls in the elderly and provide assistance in balance training as an effort to prevent the risk of falls in the elderly. Falls occur due to unintentional loss of balance resulting in failure of postural stability, or unexpected and sudden changes resulting in a position landing on the floor. Associated risk factors include current health status (living in the community, nursing home, hospital, frail or active state), diseases suffered (diabetes, hip fracture, stroke) and general changes related to aging (decreased balance, coordination, muscle strength, visual impairment, etc.). The output targets to be achieved are in the form of publications in accredited national journals and copyright for videos of community service activities. The method used is a fall risk detection examination using the Time Up and Go Test and continued with the provision of balance training, so that the elderly who have a risk of falling can be recognized as early as possible so that the provision of balance training can maintain and improve the balance of the elderly body.

Pityriasis capitis (dandruff) is a scalp disorder characterized by white scales and itching which causes a dilemma for sufferers because it can reduce appearance or attractiveness and cause a student to lack self-confidence. Pityriasis capitis (dandruff) is experienced by all groups, from children, teenagers to the elderly, of all genders. Paskibra members are an example of teenagers who often do outdoor activities. This research aims to identify the fungus Pityrosporum ovale which causes dandruff in Paskibra members. The research design used was descriptive observational, where the main aim was to obtain an overview of the Pytorosporum ovale fungus on the scalp of Paskibra SMA “X” Tangerang City and the sample of this study were 19 Paskibra members. The repair materials were scalp scrapings on dandruff sufferers to do microscopic examination with 10% KOH and Lactophenol Cotton Blue then followed by culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with chloramphenicol at 37OC for 2-5 days. The results of the research on 19 respondents conducted at SMA “X” Tangerang City showed that 18 respondents (95%) were positively infected with the fungus Pityrosporum ovale and 1 respondent (5%) was negatively infected with dandruff. Macroscopically Pityrosporum ovale has a morphological form that is white in color and fine textured and microscopically has morphological characteristics of microconidia oval and budding.

This significant increase in maximum temporal arterial blood pressure is referred to as hypertension. An average systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg, or a systolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg, is referred to as hypertension. can also be further understood as an anomaly in capillary circulation pressure. Based on the type of high blood pressure, its causes can be divided into two categories: primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of gymnastics (prolanis gymnastics) on heart health fluctuations in gymnastics participants in the Karangasem elderly gymnastics environment. The methodology used in this study was quasi-experimental analytic. The current study used original data collected from a sample of 17 people. April to June 2023 is the completion time of this study. Based on the mathematical analysis shown in Table 2, there was a considerable difference between systemic blood pressure and heart rate (p < 0.05), indicating that prolanis exercise had an impact on systolic blood pressure. However, there was actually no significant change (p>0.05) in systolic blood pressure. Based on analytical analysis, there were significant changes in systolic blood pressure and pulse rate (p < 0.05), indicating that prolanis exercise had an impact on systemic blood pressure. However, there was actually no significant change in blood pressure (p>0.05) in diastolic blood pressure. The Prolanis programme had an impact on systolic blood pressure, but no changes were seen in respondents in Karangasem Village in diastolic blood pressure measurements

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem found in toddlers, which is characterized by height that is not the same (short) as children of the same age. Therefore, Riau University KKN students aim to help and reduce or prevent stunting which can affect the process of growth and development of children, especially in Sungai Batang Village, Bengkalis District, Bengkalis Regency. The method of implementing activities carried out during KKN in Sungai Batang Village is as follows. 1. Initial Planning Stage, holding a meeting with the head of the posyandu to request data on how many children are affected by stunting 2. Preparation Stage, namely preparation for socialization such as cleaning the place for the event and preparing the tools and materials used such as installing banners, snacks, tables, chairs, soundsystem, and others. 3. Implementation Stage, on July 25, 2023 carrying out stunting socialization the event began with the delivery of material about stunting provided by KKN students, followed by material provided by midwives. This socialization activity was carried out at the same time to establish a relationship with the village community, especially in Sungai Batang Village. The activity continued with health checks by the posyandu which is specifically for the elderly. The distribution of additional food is also a series of activities carried out by KKN students in the Stunting Prevention Socialization Program carried out by Riau University KKN students directly. The Sungai Batang village community received education about Stunting Prevention, not only that, the provision of additional food (PMT) was also carried out to support nutritional growth for children and pregnant women.  

Coronavirus is an infectious human disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). D-dimer affects the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients due to an impaired immune system and an excessive inflammatory process that leads to tissue damage, leading to death conditions. The increase in COVID-19 severity correlates with an elevation in D-dimer levels. Elevated D-dimer levels have become an important marker in monitoring the condition of severe COVID-19 patients, as they are associated with worse outcomes and increased mortality in severe COVID-19 cases. To determine the relationship between D-dimer levels and mortality in severe COVID-19 patients.This research used a descriptive and analytical study with a cross-sectional design to determine the correlation between D-dimer levels and mortality in severe/critical COVID-19 patients. Data were obtained from secondary sources of medical records of confirmed severe/critical COVID-19 patients at Dr. Pirngadi Regional General Hospital. There is a correlation between D-Dimer levels and mortality in confirmed severe COVID-19 patients with moderate severity. A significant association exists between elevated D-Dimer levels and mortality in confirmed COVID-19 patients with moderate severity. This study also indicated that there are more male COVID-19 patients compared to females. Older individuals (elderly) in this study, aged over 45 years, are more likely to be infected with COVID-19 compared to those under 45 years of age.

The elderly is a vulnerable group that has a very high dependency rate. The elderly  has various health problems such as degenerative diseases and decreased productivity so that it can cause a decrease in independence in carrying out daily activities (Activities Daily Living).This research strategy combines a cross-sectional approach with correlational analysis. Simple random sampling is the method used for sampling. employing the logistic regression test. examined respondents' perceptions of senior citizens' independence, using a sample size of 45 respondents.The results of this study found that there was a relationship between all factors that could be done both from family support, cognitive function, and anxiety with a p value of 0.05 while the dominant factor related to the independence of the elderly was the anxiety factor with a p value of 0.005 a 0.05 and OR value =248792879.8 Can guarantee that family support, cognitive function, and can increase the independence of the elderly, but the most dominant factor for independence is the anxiety factor.To ensure that body parts can move and there is no immobility disorder, it is expected of the aged to continue with everyday activities. They are also expected to maintain their health by visiting an integrated health center, a public health center, or other healthcare facilities.    

Gouty arthritis is a degenerative disease caused by abnormal purine metabolism which is characterized by increased levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia). Gouty arthritis can attack men aged 30 - 50 years and is a disease inherited from previous generations, but not in women. Women can develop gouty arthritis after experiencing menopause. This is related to the presence of the hormone estrogen which plays a role in the process of regulating uric acid in the blood. Uric acid levels are said to be high, if the uric acid level in the blood is more than normal levels. The normal level of uric acid in men is 3.4 - 7.0 mg/dl while in women it is 2.4 - 5.7 mg/dl (Yulianingsih et al., 2022). The prevalence of gout arthritis in Central Java based on doctors' diagnoses in the elderly group 75 years and over was ranked first at 16.03%, then in the elderly group 65-74 years it was 13.90%, and in the elderly group 55-64 years it was 13.69 % (Access et al., 2022). Based on data from the Kutamendala Community Health Center, the prevalence of gouty arthritis in Kutayu Village reached 4.3%. The percentage of residents suffering from gouty arthritis in Kutayu Village is 15 people out of 346 elderly people (Kutamendala Health Center, 2022).

Rheumatoid arthritis or what is often called rheumatism is a disease caused by chronic systemic inflammation. This disease attacks flexible joints and can affect the work or structure of the tissues and organs of the human body around the joints (Purba, Marlina, & Arianto, 2020). This disease is included in the autoimmune disease group which mostly attacks the elderly (Fatmawati & Ariyanto, 2020).