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International Financial Reporting Standards are standards focusedin fair value approach on measurement and disclosure criteria that requirethe greater extent of the exerciseof professional judgment. This study aims tounderstand the exercise of auditor professional judgment in InternationalFinancial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in fair value of fixed assets, tounderstand the factors that contribution in exercising professional judgmenton fair value of fixed assets and what constrains that emerge whenexercising professional judgment in fair value of fixed assets as well assolution that can be done to overcome these problem.This study uses qualitative research methods with aphenomenological approach as it is meant to analyze and look for themeaning behind the experiences of the auditor in exercising their professionaljudgment. This study focused on the exercise of professional judgment on thefair value of fixed assets. The research was conducted through interviewswith auditors who work as public accountants in public accounting firm.Results of this study indicate that auditors exercise their professionaljudgment to review the appraisal value by assessing the reasonableness of theassumptions, methods and data used. Auditors exercise their professionaljudgment by considering the factors that influenced such as consideration ofmateriality, subjectivity, knowledge, and experience as well as factors such asthe audit job IFRS requirements, the nature of accounts, compliances withIFRS, audit history, engagement management, fraud risk and going concern.The auditor had no difficulties in using professional judgment in assessingthe fair value of fixed assets due to the existing appraisal valuation. Insteadauditor experienced problems when assessing the fair value of financialinstruments is important for future research. Finally, team work anddiscussion are solution that auditors used to overcome the problem inexercising professional judgment.

Public Accountants Professional Standards (SPAP) applicable in Indonesia during this refers tothe auditing standards of the Americans. The Code currently in force, namely adopting the IFACis comprised of two parts namely Part A contains the Basic Principles of Professional Ethics andprovide conceptual framework for the application of principles, and Part B contains the Rules ofProfessional Ethics which provides illustrations of application of the conceptual framework incertain situations.Some differences between the draft Code of Conduct Code of Conduct with thePublic Accountants that currently applies, among others: 1) The number of paragraphs 2) Thecontents of the draft Code of Conduct 3) Application of Conceptual Framework. Besides the basicprinciples presented in Part A consists of five principles, namely Integrity, Objectivity,Competence and Professional Care, Confidentiality, and Professional Conduct. While the Codecurrently applies consists of eight principles, which are: Integrity, Objectivity, Competence andProfessional Care, Confidentiality, Professional Conduct, Professional Liability, Public Interest,and Professional Standards.Therefore the application of codes of conduct expected to be moreaccountable and transparent to the Profession of Public Accountants, Services provided by PublicAccountant wider than the old standard, and the more detailed sections and detailed that itsupports Public Accountants became more professional and increase public confidence.Key Words: public accountant professional standards, codes of ethics, accountability,transparency and public confidence

Abstract : The increasing number of judicial review cases on acts/ordinances demanded by the public to the Court of Constitution has indicated an unsatisfactory  attitude concerning the contents of the acts/ordinances as they are in conflict with their rights. Several decision of the Court of Constitution accepted the judicial review claimed by the public  by abrogating article(s) or part of the act/ordinance could be seen as a category of the Court of Constitution’s authority to protect human rights. Nevertheless, in practice such a decision of the Court of Constitution cannot be implemented at once since law itself is a system.   Key words : Court of Constitution. Human rights.

This article discuss research progress and future opportunities for modeling consumer choice on the Internet using clickstream data and also to compare the nature of Internet choice (as captured by clickstream data) with supermarket choice (as captured by UPC scanner panel data). Though the application of choice models to clickstream data is relatively new, and review existing early work and provide a two-by-two categorization of the applications studied to date (delineating search versus purchase on the one hand and within-site versus across-site choices on the other). The article discusses additional opportunities afforded by clickstream information, including personalization, data mining, automation, and customer valuation and also offers directions for further research in these areas. Notwithstanding the numerous challenges associated with clickstream data research.