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Gouty arthritis or gout is a joint disease caused by high levels of purines in the blood. A person is said to be suffering from gout if the uric acid level in their body exceeds the normal limit, the normal limit is 7 mg/dL for men and less than 6 mg/dL for women. Excessive uric acid can cause a buildup of purines in the joints and other body organs, causing pain and inflammation in the joints. This condition can make the joints feel painful when moved and can also cause joint abnormalities and disabilities (Efendi et al., 2022). In Central Java, the prevalence of gout sufferers is approximately 2.6 - 47.2%, which varies in various populations (Zakiudin et al., 2024). Based on data from the Kecipir Community Health Center, the prevalence of gouty arthritis at the Kecipir Community Health Center in 2023 will reach 13.67%. The percentage of residents in Kalibuntu Village who suffer from gouty arthritis in 2023 will reach 24.3% in old age (Kecipir Community Health Center, 2023).

Typhoid fever is an acute infection of the small intestine caused by Salmonella typhi, commonly occurring in developing countries with poor sanitation, including tropical regions such as Indonesia, where the climate supports the proliferation of this bacterium (Yustati & Dinata, 2023). The primary symptoms include high fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal disturbances. This study employs a descriptive method with a case approach to identify and address nursing issues such as hyperthermia, knowledge deficit, and risk of nutritional deficit. The aim of this writing is to provide and describe comprehensive nursing care for typhoid fever patients at RSUD Dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, in accordance with established nursing standards, to ensure effective care and improved patient outcomes.  

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever or known as DBD disease which is caused by a dengue virus caused by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. The disease causes sufferers to experience severe pain, complications, and death. The UIN Walisongo KKN Team conducted community service activities in Krompaan Village with the aim of increasing public awareness and participation in preventing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD). Considering that this village is located near a river, which has the potential to be a habitat for the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, effective prevention efforts are needed to prevent this disease, which is one of the infectious diseases that is still endemic in Indonesia. The spread of this disease is influenced by mobility and environmental conditions that support the breeding of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. The community service team focused on three main objectives in this activity by providing education about the dangers of DBD, teaching how to prevent the spread of mosquitoes, and using aromatherapy candles to prevent mosquitoes. The purpose of the counseling is to reduce diseases caused by mosquitoes by teaching the community about how to live a healthy life.Used cooking oil processed into aromatherapy candles is one of the new innovations in preventing DBD. This method is considered practical and easy to implement by the community by utilizing materials available around them. The community is also educated on how to maintain environmental cleanliness, such as draining and closing water reservoirs regularly and recycling household waste to reduce the possibility of mosquito breeding grounds. The hope is that this outreach will make the community more independent in maintaining environmental health and actively involved in preventing dengue fever so that the risk of increasing cases in their village can be reduced. This activity has succeeded in achieving the stated objectives, namely increasing community awareness and involvement in preventing dengue fever.

Background: Dysmenorrhea is pain experienced during or just before menstruation and is one of the most common gynecological issues affecting women of all ages. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs 6 to 12 months after the first menstruation and is caused by high levels of prostaglandins released from endometrial secretions, leading to painful uterine contractions. Carrots are a vegetable rich in vitamin E, which can help block the formation of prostaglandins and counteract the effects of increased production of prostaglandin hormones. Objective :To analyze the difference in dysmenorrhea pain levels before and after consuming carrot juice. Method : A one-group pretest-posttest approach was used, conducted in Ngablak Village, Kenteng Nogosari, Boyolali, in April-May, involving 20 respondents. Data processing was done using the Wilcoxon statistical test. Results: The majority of respondents before consuming carrot juice (100%) experienced severe pain. After consuming carrot juice, out of 20 respondents (100%), 6 (30.0%) experienced a reduction to mild pain, and 14 (70.0%) experienced a reduction to moderate pain. The Wilcoxon test results showed a significant effect of carrot juice on dysmenorrhea in adolescents, with a p-value of 0.00 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of consuming carrot juice on the reduction of dysmenorrhea in adolescents in Ngablak Village.

According to WHO in 2020, the incidence of fractures was reported, with more than 13 million cases and a prevalence rate of 2.7%. Based on medical record data from RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, in 2023 the number of femoral neck fracture patients will be 129 people (1.34%). Femoral neck fractures usually require operative therapy rather than conservative therapy. The aim of this scientific paper is to provide nursing care to preoperative patients with femoral neck fractures at RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The results of the assessment showed that the patient experienced pain in the upper right thigh, traction weighing 5 kg was applied. Nursing problems in this final scientific work include acute pain, anxiety and impaired physical mobility.

Palliative care is a treatment approach that aims to improve the quality of life of patients facing serious illnesses, especially when the disease is no longer responsive to curative treatment. Palliative care not only focuses on controlling physical symptoms, but also provides psychological, social, and spiritual support to patients and their families. With this education, health workers are expected to: Increase Knowledge and Skills: Education will increase the knowledge of health workers about pain management, chronic symptom management, and psychosocial and spiritual support for home residents. From the data displayed in the table, it can be concluded that from 30 respondents obtained an N-Gain Score of 64.3, indicating that the method applied by the researcher in this activity is quite effective. In addition, the distribution of N-Gain Score with a value of 0.6 indicates that the strength or category in this study is at a moderate level, the results of the pre-test and post-test that have been carried out by the researcher have increased significantly, which is 50%.

Fractures are emergency conditions that must be treated quickly and accurately and in accordance with fracture management procedures. In general, clients with fractures must undergo surgery which in addition to causing pain also affects activity. After surgery, rehabilitation is needed to prevent contractures. Nursing care for patients with upper/lower extremity fractures must be prioritized and focused on providing comfort, preventing complications, and achieving optimal rehabilitation in rehabilitation. Patients are taught mobilization or movement exercises, namely Passive Range of Motion (ROM). Purpose: To determine the Effectiveness of Passive ROM Exercise in Postoperative Patients with Upper/Lower Extremity Fractures on Length of Stay at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital. Design: This researcher studied the type of experimental research. The method used is a case study. Results: the results of the study showed that the majority of Active ROM respondents were treated for 2 days with a frequency of 5 respondents. Then the results showed that there was a difference in the effect of passive ROM on the length of stay for fracture patients at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital.

Bullying behavior is now a special concern in all circles, especially in elementary schools. Starting from trivial teasing of his friend, in the long term it became a serious problem, because it had an emotional and psychological impact. Bullies are sometimes unaware of the actions they are taking, if they are very painful for the victim. In several cases found, children who bullied those who were older, more powerful, and felt famous among their friends. Meanwhile, those who are victims of bullying are those who are smaller in body size and come from economically disadvantaged families. There is a need to foster a sense of empathy and respect for children, whether they are perpetrators or victims.

This study aims to: (1) describe the learning process of painting for early childhood in group B1 of Az-Zahra Islamic Kindergarten in the 2023/2024 school year, and (2) analyze the form of work produced by group B1 students of Az-Zahra Islamic Kindergarten in the 2023/2024 school year. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. Sources of research data include learning activities, informants (group B1 teachers and principals), and documents (observation notes, lesson plans, lesson plans, and paintings). The sampling technique was done by purposive sampling, and data collection used observation techniques, document analysis, and interviews. Data validity was tested using source triangulation, and data analysis used a flow analysis model. The results showed that: (1) the analysis of the learning process of painting in group B1 uses the development of Prosem, RPPm, and RPPh. However, learning objectives have not been clearly designed and written in RPPh even though they are in accordance with the Basic Competencies of Art. Learning media and evaluation have been done well, although the checklist instrument for painting activities has not been separated from other activities. (2) Analysis of the results of painting works is carried out based on the elements of painting, the theory of periodization of children's art development, and the typology of children's drawings. Students' works show good creativity, especially in visual elements, with the majority of children at the pre-chart or chart stage, and visual image types dominate.

Comprehensive Care is continuous care from pregnancy to Family Planning (FP). Comprehensive care aims to provide quality services and prevent maternal and child mortality. The purpose of this case study is to provide comprehensive care to mothers from pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and newborn care using the documentation of the Seven Steps of Varney and SOAP. This assessment was conducted from January to April 2024 through data collection methods, interviews, and observations. Pregnancy care included three visits with the first day of the last menstrual period on July 12, 2023, and the expected delivery date on April 19, 2024. During the first, second, and third visits, the general condition of the mother was found to be good. Labor care was provided on April 24, 2024, at 11:30 AM when the mother came to the Midwife's Independent Practice, accompanied by her husband, complaining of abdominal pain since 08:00 AM and discharge mixed with blood. An internal examination revealed 4 cm dilation. At 4:00 PM, labor management was carried out. The delivery process was normal with the 60 Steps of Active Management of the Third Stage of Labor (AMTSL), the baby was born normal, male, weighing 2500 grams, with a length of 47 cm, and immediate newborn care was performed. Postpartum and newborn care proceeded smoothly without complications for both mother and baby.

Background: Osteoarthritis often occurs in the elderly aged more than 60 years which is characterized by pain in the joints when moved. In Indonesia, 65% of elderly people aged 60 years and over experience osteoarthritis. Red ginger compress is an alternative nonpharmacological treatment to reduce joint pain in the elderly with osteoarthritis. Objectives: Knowing changes in pain scale in the elderly before and after doing red ginger compresses. Method: This application uses descriptive methods on 2 respondents, with pretest and posttest in the observation sheet of pain scale measuring instruments in the form of NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). Red ginger compress is given 2x a day in the morning and evening for 14 consecutive days within 20 minutes Result: There was a change in the intensity of the pain scale in both respondents. Mrs. P from moderate scale to mild scale and Mrs. E from moderate scale to painless scale. Conclusion: The application shows that there are changes in the pain scale before and after the red ginger compress, both in the first respondent and the second respondent. Red ginger compress can reduce osteoarthritis joint pain in the elderly.    

This work aims to visualize various issues related to insomnia. It reflects the author's concern about how insomnia disrupts human activity and physical health. The creation of this artwork explores how to translate the concept of insomnia into figurative abstract painting. The methods and processes used in creating this abstract figurative artwork involve several stages: (1) Preparation, (2) Elaboration, (3) Synthesis, (4) Concept Realization, and (5) Completion. The technique employed is acrylic on canvas. The result of this work, visualized on a two-dimensional medium, has led to the development of titles such as “Keseimbangan” (Balance), “Kasih Sayang” (Affection), “Dedikasi Orang Tua” (Parental Dedication), “Pilihan” (Choice), “Cinta Pertama” (First Love), “Kampak Pertahanan” (Defense Axe), “Pistol Kehidupan” (Life Pistol), “Rumah Rantau” (Home Away), and “Sajian Bonsai” (Bonsai Presentation).

Vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition affecting the vulva that significantly impacts women’s quality of life. Accurate and early diagnosis poses a challenge due to the often-overlapping symptoms with other conditions and the lack of definitive diagnostic tests. This paper proposes the use of expert system methods as a diagnostic tool for vulvodynia in women. The expert system, integrating medical knowledge with inference algorithms, is designed to analyze symptoms, medical history, and test results to provide accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations. The study involves the development and evaluation of a computer-based expert system prototype that uses clinical data and medical decision-making to enhance the accuracy of vulvodynia diagnosis. Preliminary results indicate that the expert system can improve diagnostic rates and reduce the time required for identifying this condition, offering a potentially valuable tool for medical professionals in clinical practice.  

Toddler age is a period of rapid growth and development, a state that is vulnerable to nutrition and susceptible to disease. Diarrhea in toddlers if not treated seriously can cause pain, to severe dehydration or fluid loss that ends in death. The current diarrhea control program is more prioritized on diarrhea control programs for toddlers. This research method is cross-sectional with a population of mothers and toddlers with a sample size of 175 respondents. The results of this study showed the influence of the mother's education level (p-value 0.011), exclusive breastfeeding (0.003), socio-economic (0.008), hand washing habits (0.007) on the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the Tanjung Sekayam Health Center Area, Sanggau Regency. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of the mother's education level, exclusive breastfeeding, socio-economic, hand washing habits on the incidence of diarrhea. It is expected that health workers will carry out health promotion activities about the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers to prevent infectious diseases that will result in stunting.

Immunization via injection can cause immediate pain in children. Pain that occurs as a result of immunization injections, if not managed properly, can have a negative impact on the child's emotional aspects such as crying and fear. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The sample involved in this research was 64 respondents, selected using Probability Sampling techniques. The research results show that based on the Paired T-Test statistical test, the p-Value value for the influence of the 5S Method (Swaddling, Side-Stomach, Shushing, Swinging, Sucking) is 0.000. Because p < 0.05, the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that the 5S Method (Swaddling, Side-Stomach, Shushing, Swinging, Sucking) has a significant influence on the Infant's Pain Response After Basic Immunization at the Dahlia Makassar Community Health Center. The suggestion is that the 5s method be an alternative for treating pain experienced by babies as an effort to minimize pharmacological therapy.

Cervical root syndrome (CRS) is a clinical condition  caused by compression of the nerve roots in the neck area, often experienced by workers in static positions for long periods such a tailors. CRS can cause significant pain symtomps, affecting daily activities and quality of life. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping on reducing pain in suffers of cervical root syndrome among tailors in Sragen. This research uses a design quasi-exsperimental with pre-test and post-test. the research subjectsw ere 26 tailor in sragen who where selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The invertion provided is a combination of neck caliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping. pain levels were measured using NRS scale before and after the intervention. Before the intervention 76.9%  of respondens experienced moderate pain (NRS score 4-6). while 23.1% experienced mild pain (NRS score 1-3). After the intervention 69.2% of respondents experienced in pain to the mild category, and only 30.8% still felt moderate pain. data analysis shows a significant reduction in pain levels after being given this combination intervention.The combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping  is effective in reducing pain in sufferers of cervical root syndrome among tailors. this intervention can be an afficient pharmacological alternative treathment for chronic neck pain.

Neck pain is a medical symptom or condition that is generally caused by pressure on the soft tissues, bones, or joints of the cervical spine and or other adjacent structures. In some cases, neck pain may also be caused by diseases of the neck or other underlying parts of the body. Risk factors for neck pain include poor posture, accidents, injuries and degenerative diseases may be the cause of neck pain in a person. Other causes such as infections in the lining (membranes) of the brain (meningitis), osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia can be considered. Neck pain caused by muscle tension usually goes away on its own within a few days and only requires conservative treatment in the form of exercise, stretching, physical therapy, massage. Some forms of neck pain require professional medical care, including prescribing medications, physical therapy and other treatments. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to manage neck pain. On May 19, 2022, we carried out Independent Community Service in Krobyongan Village, Gawanan, Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java (Sanggar Prima) with the theme of simple ways to overcome neck stiffness while working. Starting the counseling activity with neck pain material, how to overcome neck stiffness while working and exemplifying the movements, a question and answer session and ending by distributing snacks and questionnaires. The purpose of this activity is to increase knowledge on how to prevent neck pain and how to overcome neck stiffness while working at the prima colomadu studio. The method of implementing community service by: lectures, discussions, and providing simple tips and exercises.

Posyandu Kemuning is one of the posyandu in Sondakan Laweyan Subdistrict, Surakarta and is included in the UPT Puskesmas Pajang Surakarta area. Posyandu Kemuning has 20 health cadres. Like posyandu in general, the monthly activity at Posyandu Kemuning is checking babies and toddlers and pregnant women. Data for April 2024 showed that the number of pregnant women was 23, with details of 6 pregnant women in the first trimester, 7 pregnant women in the second trimester and 10 pregnant women in the third trimester. Of the 10 pregnant women in the third trimester, all experienced complaints of back pain and had not received assistance from cadres. The negative impact of back pain is interference in daily physical activities. Back pain that is not treated properly in pregnant women can cause poor quality of life for the mother. The priority problem found at Posyandu Kemuning was the limited knowledge and skills of cadres in assisting pregnant women with back pain. Cadres do not understand about back pain during pregnancy and do not have the complementary Pelvic Rocking Exercise skills to treat back pain during pregnancy. The focus of this community service activity is to provide training to cadres on Pelvic Rocking Exercise as an effort to assist in handling back pain for pregnant women at Posyandu Kemuning Sondakan Laweyan Surakarta. The method used consists of 6 stages, namely Preparation, Apperception, Training, Post-training assistance, Evaluation and Termination of activity results. The results of the activity were that cadres' knowledge in the good category before and after counseling increased by 25%, most of the cadres' skills regarding Pelvic Rocking Exercise were in the good category, namely 13 cadres (65%). Cadre assistance activities in treating back pain in pregnant women at Posyandu Kemuning Sondakan Laweyan Surakarta have gone well. Cadres are committed to carrying out and implementing the results of activities in assisting pregnant women.

Liver cirrhosis and nephrolithiasis are significant health problems with different pathophysiological mechanisms. Liver cirrhosis, the final stage of chronic liver disease, is characterized by fibrosis and regenerative nodules, leading to severe complications, including portal hypertension and liver failure. Nephrolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is a common urological condition characterized by the formation of stones in the renal system. Although these conditions are distinct, metabolic and physiological changes in cirrhotic patients may predispose to nephrolithiasis.  It was reported that a man came to the emergency room of RSUD Dr. Suhatman MARS with complaints of left-sided low back pain that had been felt for 1 week. The complaint was accompanied by shortness of breath which was getting worse over time. The patient also felt cough, headache, nausea, fatigue, urine slightly coloured like tea, weight loss. The patient has a history of untreated kidney stones. The patient has a history of hepatitis 31 years ago. The main objective of investigating the coexistence of liver cirrhosis and nephrolithiasis is to understand the relationship between these two conditions and to develop effective management strategies that can address their combined impact on patients.      

Dyspepsia is a gastroduodenal disorder that is often characterized by symptoms such as epigastric pain, burning, bloating, and a feeling of fullness after eating. Treatment of dyspepsia often requires examination by a specialist doctor, which may not always be easily accessible due to distance, cost, or time constraints. Therefore, this study aims to diagnose dyspepsia using the Dempster-Shafer method to identify possible dyspeptic diseases such as GERD, gastritis, dyspepsia, and gastric ulcers based on 16 detected symptoms and 4 different treatments. to make it easier for patients to consult and get an initial diagnosis without having to see a specialist doctor directly. From this study, it is expected to help patients get information on the initial diagnosis of the patient.