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The vehicle ownership transfer form submission service at the Samsat Tandes Office in West Surabaya is a vital public service that frequently encounters issues such as long queues and extended waiting times. These conditions lead to user dissatisfaction and reduce the operational efficiency of the institution. This study aims to optimize the existing queuing system through a simulation-based approach to enhance service effectiveness and efficiency. The methodology includes mapping the current service process, collecting data on service times and customer arrivals, and modeling the queuing system using simulation software. Subsequently, several improvement scenarios were analyzed, including the addition of server resources. The simulation results indicate that the scenario involving the addition of one extra server during peak hours yields the most significant impact—reducing average customer waiting time by up to 20% and increasing the number of customers served per day. These findings demonstrate that simple interventions based on simulation analysis can produce substantial improvements in public service quality. In conclusion, a simulation-based approach proves to be effective in supporting strategic decision-making for queue system optimization and is highly recommended for implementation in other public service units facing similar challenges.

Energy efficiency in air conditioning systems is a critical factor in reducing energy consumption and environmental impact. This study aims to analyze the energy performance of an air conditioning system using the thermodynamic cycle method. The analysis focuses on the refrigeration cycle, particularly the vapor compression cycle commonly used in residential and commercial systems. Key parameters such as coefficient of performance (COP), refrigerant flow rate, and enthalpy at each cycle point were examined to determine overall efficiency. Data were collected through simulations and experimental measurements under standard operating conditions. The results show that optimizing system components, especially the compressor and expansion valve, can significantly improve energy efficiency. The COP increased by 12% when a high-efficiency compressor was utilized. In addition, the selection of eco-friendly refrigerants contributed to better thermal performance and reduced environmental risks. This research highlights the importance of thermodynamic analysis in designing and improving air conditioning systems for sustainable energy usage. Future studies are recommended to incorporate real-time monitoring and adaptive control systems to further enhance system performance and energy savings.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed healthcare services, including the implementation of online registration systems in hospitals. RSUP Surakarta has operated an online patient registration system since 2021 to reduce wait times and improve service efficiency. However, no formal evaluation has been conducted from the user experience (UX) perspective. This study aims to evaluate the UX of RSUP Surakarta’s online registration system using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed with accidental sampling involving 100 respondents who had used the system in 2024. The UEQ measured six aspects: Attractiveness, Perspicuity, Efficiency, Dependability, Stimulation, and Novelty. Results revealed that all aspects scored positively, with Attractiveness (1.920) and Dependability (1.810) reaching the “Excellent” benchmark. Perspicuity (1.863) and Efficiency (1.868) also showed strong scores, while Stimulation (1.693) and Novelty (1.130) scored lower in the “Good” category. These findings suggest that although the system is well-received, improvements are necessary in terms of user engagement and innovation. Enhancing the user interface and enriching system features are recommended to optimize user satisfaction and ensure alignment with patient-centered service standards. This study contributes to digital service evaluation practices in public healthcare by providing empirical insights into user perceptions and expectations.

An increase in the number of vehicles should also be accompanied by improvements in technology that can increase engine efficiency and at the same time reduce air pollution. This research aims to determine the effect of using variations in the number of holes in the injector and the octane number of the fuel on exhaust emissions in motorcycle engines. The research method uses experiments with descriptive analysis. The independent variable is the number of holes in the injector, 4, 6, and 8 and the octane number of 90, and 92. In the exhaust emissions testing process using engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm. The bound variable is the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) gas and hydrocarbon gas (HC). Data from CO and HC gas emission testing results at 1000 rpm are all still within the permitted limits. Furthermore, statistical analysis shows that there is an influence of the number of holes in the injector and the octane value of the fuel on CO and HC exhaust emissions and there is no interaction between the octane value variables and the number of injector holes on the CO and HC exhaust gas values. The best results are CO gas emissions = 0.55% and HC = 66 ppm when using a 6 holes injector (standard) and using fuel with an octane value of 92.

Infrastructure development often faces challenges, especially with manual and unintegrated reporting systems. Manual reporting is time-consuming, prone to errors, and difficult for stakeholders to access, leading to supervision issues, budget misuse, and project delays. To address these problems, integrated digital reporting systems offer a promising solution to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the SILAT JANTAN application in supporting road infrastructure damage reporting in Kabupaten Madiun. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. The study applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), focusing on perceived usefulness and ease of use by application users. Results indicate that SILAT JANTAN enhances reporting effectiveness, although challenges such as limited socialization and community participation remain. Recommendations include improving socialization, user training, and system strengthening to support sustainable technology adoption. This research aims to guide the development of a more effective and efficient digital reporting system to improve public services in Kabupaten Madiun.  

This study aims to analyze the availability of data centers and regional promotion needs in supporting e-government implementation through the Family Information System Application (SIGA) at BKKBN Gorontalo Province. It also assesses how SIGA and its integrated dialog features contribute to public services. The findings indicate that data input in SIGA has reached 100%, covering family planning services, field supervision, and families at risk of stunting, both in monthly and annual reports. However, this completeness does not fully reflect field realities, particularly regarding youth groups outside formal education who remain underdocumented. Despite this, SIGA data has become a reference for regional health information policy development. Overall, SIGA has improved public service efficiency through fast, accurate, and timely data delivery. Yet, the system remains limited in providing interactive, two-way communication between government and citizens. This study recommends enhancing SIGA’s dialog function and engaging underrepresented community groups to support inclusive and responsive public services.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Public Service Standards in inpatient services at Dumai City Regional General Hospital (RSUD) as an important part of the provision of health services to the community. Public service standards are needed to ensure service quality, efficiency, transparency, and public satisfaction as service users. However, in practice, various problems are still found, particularly related to the timeliness of service, clarity of service costs, and the availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with research subjects including hospital management, inpatient service staff, and community service users. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation studies to obtain a comprehensive picture of the implementation of public service standards. The data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis methods through the stages of data transcription, coding, theme identification, theme grouping, and data interpretation. The results of the study indicate that the overall implementation of Public Service Standards in inpatient care at Dumai City Regional General Hospital is in the good category. Indicators of service procedures, service products, and the competence of service providers have been implemented quite optimally, characterized by clear procedures, services that meet patient needs, and friendly and professional staff attitudes. However, the service completion time and cost indicators are still in the fairly good category, which indicates delays in service and limited information regarding costs received by patients. Furthermore, facilities and infrastructure are the indicators that require the most attention, especially regarding the comfort of the waiting room and the completeness of service support equipment. In conclusion, although the standard of public service at the Dumai City Regional Hospital inpatient has been running well, continuous improvement efforts are needed to increase service time efficiency, cost transparency, and the provision of facilities and infrastructure to increase public satisfaction and trust in health services.

This community service activity (PKM) aims to improve operational efficiency and service quality at Santosa Catering through the implementation of a web-based catering ordering system. Santosa Catering, as a micro business, faces obstacles in managing orders that are still done manually, which causes inaccurate stock information, delays in delivery, and limited customer access to menus and prices. Through a Diffusion of Science and Technology and Knowledge Transfer approach, a web-based ordering system was developed and implemented to support business operations. The system allows customers to access real-time menu information, place online orders, and choose preferred payment methods, while the owner and staff were given intensive training to effectively operate the system. The evaluation results showed significant improvements in all aspects of assessment, including understanding of system features, operational skills, time efficiency, and customer satisfaction, as shown in the comparison chart of pretest and posttest results. The system not only optimizes operational processes but also increases customer satisfaction, strengthens business competitiveness, and has the potential to become a model for other micro businesses in utilizing digital technology. Thus, this PKM activity is expected to contribute to the sustainability of Santosa Catering's business in the digital era.

This Community Service Program aimed to enhance the productivity of broomstick craftsmen in Karang Rejo Village by innovating a coconut leaf separator tool and developing an online sales module. Traditionally, the separation process was manual, labor-intensive, and time-consuming, limiting production and income. The team designed a simple yet effective tool that increased daily output from 1–5 bundles to 6–7 bundles. Additionally, a digital sales module using platforms like Shopee was introduced to expand market reach. As a result, the local community improved production efficiency and gained new knowledge in modern marketing strategies. This program not only empowers the community economically and technologically but also promotes environmental sustainability by utilizing coconut leaves as economic resources. By applying appropriate technology and a digital approach, this initiative serves as a replicable model of village empowerment through local innovation, contributing to long-term economic growth and ecological awareness in rural areas.

The 3R program (reduce, reuse, recycle) is one of the programs of the Surabaya City Environmental Office in managing waste problems in Surabaya. With the population density in Surabaya, it does not rule out the possibility of a large number of waste consumption, especially plastic waste. This study aims to see the level of effectiveness of the implementation of the 3R program (reduce, reuse, recycle) in Surabaya City by the Surabaya City Environmental Office. The author looks at DLH Surabaya's efforts in improving the quality of waste management, especially plastic waste and sees what factors support the success of the 3R program in processing plastic waste in Surabaya. Plastic waste has a nature that is difficult to decompose and requires a long time even hundreds of years to decompose. Therefore, DLH Surabaya applies waste management with the 3R concept. The method used in this study is descriptive evaluative. The results of the author's research during his internship at DLH Surabaya show that waste management using the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle) runs effectively as evidenced by the reduction of waste in Surabaya by around 1.5 tons of waste per day and 2 tons of plastic waste per day. The author examines using effectiveness theory according to Sugiyono in Budianni, which includes 3 effectiveness indicators, namely, Target accuracy, Socialization, Monitoring.

Immigration services are a crucial part of public administration, playing a significant role in population mobility and immigration permit management. Evaluating public satisfaction with immigration services is essential to ensure optimal service quality. This study aims to analyze the level of public satisfaction and the key factors contributing to satisfaction with services at the Class I Special Immigration Office TPI Surabaya. A quantitative approach with a survey method was used to collect data from 1937 respondents who had received immigration services. Data analysis was conducted using the Public Satisfaction Index (IKM) technique and factor analysis with IBM SPSS 26 to identify dominant variables. The results indicate that immigration services received a high IKM score, though certain indicators require improvement, such as procedural clarity, processing time efficiency, and infrastructure. Factor analysis reveals that information availability, service fees, and officer responsiveness are the primary factors influencing public satisfaction. Based on these findings, enhancing service transparency, digitizing administrative processes, and optimizing the complaint management system are recommended strategies. The implementation of data-driven service improvements is expected to enhance immigration service quality and strengthen public trust in immigration institutions.

This study investigates the solutions of electrical current in linear circuit systems using two numerical methods implemented in MATLAB: the Matrix Inverse Method and the Gauss-Jordan Elimination Method. The objective is to analyze the effectiveness, accuracy, and computational efficiency of both techniques in solving systems of linear equations derived from Kirchhoff's laws. Several circuit models with varying levels of complexity are tested to compare results obtained from each method. The findings indicate that both methods yield consistent solutions, although differences in computational steps and processing time are observed. This research highlights the practicality of MATLAB as a powerful tool for electrical circuit analysis and provides insights into the selection of appropriate numerical methods for solving engineering problems.

Good corporate governance, or GCG, is essential to achieve the primary goal of all financial institutions, including Islamic banks, which is to improve financial performance. How the financial performance of banks is affected when Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is implemented in Islam is the main concern of this study. Islamic banks must balance adherence to moral standards with financial efficiency to uphold Shariah principles in practice. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the extent to which GCG involvement can significantly enhance the financial success of Islamic banks. This study uses quantitative methodology that includes multiple regression analysis and descriptive techniques. Secondary data can be found in the annual reports of Islamic banks for a certain period of time registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Several GCG indicators have been analyzed, including the sharia supervisory board, audit committee, board of commissioners structure, and information transparency. When evaluating financial performance measures, Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) ratios are used. An investigation is conducted to confirm the causal relationship between these parameters.

Along with the rapid advancement of digital technology, the practice of zakat payment has also evolved, such as by making non-cash zakat payments online. Online zakat payment offers the potential to reach zakat givers and recipients more broadly, as well as to increase efficiency in the collection and distribution of zakat funds through a digital system. However, this online zakat payment system still raises debates among the public regarding the validity of its implementation and the law, which is considered unclear because the method was not found in the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Therefore, this research was conducted to examine the concept, Islamic legal review, advantages and disadvantages, as well as challenges and solutions in the application of the online non-cash zakat payment system from the perspective of Islamic law. This research uses normative legal methods in qualitative form and by conducting a literature study of literature or library materials. The findings of this research show that online non-cash zakat payments are sharia-acceptable as long as they fulfill the pillars and conditions of zakat and are carried out by official amil zakat institutions or platforms affiliated with amil zakat institutions.

Digital transformation has become a crucial part of improving public services. This study explores the use of the Tangerang LIVE application as a digital innovation by the Tangerang City Government to support the smart city concept and promote e-government practices. The application is designed to help residents easily access administrative services and submit complaints in a faster and more transparent way. Using a qualitative approach based on literature review, the study draws data from academic journals, policy documents, and performance reports. The findings show that Tangerang LIVE significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of public services. However, challenges remain — including limited public outreach, low digital literacy, and several technical features that need improvement. The success of such digital services depends not only on good user interface design and accessible information but also on timely technical support and strong community engagement. This study suggests the need for broader digital education, ongoing technical development, and stronger collaboration between government, communities, and private sectors. With these efforts, digital public services can become more inclusive, sustainable, and better aligned with the needs of the people.

This study discusses the application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the monitoring and control system of smokehouse machines at PT Serena Harsa Utama. IoT enables the integration of sensors to monitor critical parameters such as temperature and humidity in real-time, thereby enhancing production efficiency and product quality. An experimental method was employed to test the effectiveness of the IoT system, with data collection through integrated sensors. The results indicate that IoT implementation can increase production efficiency by up to 30%, reduce human error, and optimize energy consumption. Despite challenges related to initial investment and operator training, the long-term benefits of IoT adoption, such as improved product quality and reduced downtime, make it a promising solution in the food processing industry. This research emphasizes the importance of adopting IoT technology to enhance competitiveness in the modern industry.

This study aims to determine and analyze the key factors that influence and significantly contribute to online purchasing decisions among consumers in Manado City, North Sulawesi. The research adopts a quantitative approach with factor analysis as the main method of data analysis. Judgmental sampling was employed to select participants who have experience in online shopping. Based on the results, seven dominant factors were identified that affect consumer decisions when making online purchases. These factors include: (a) Consumer Limitations and Access, which refer to time constraints and limited access to physical stores; (b) Desire and Technology, highlighting the role of consumer interest and technological literacy; (c) Product and Price Limitations, involving the lack of product variety and pricing differences; (d) Flexibility, which represents the freedom to shop anytime and anywhere; (e) Efficiency, such as time and cost savings; (f) Convenience, referring to the ease of the purchasing process; and (g) Economy and Social, which include discounts, promotions, and social influences. The study contributes to a better understanding of consumer behavior in digital commerce and provides useful insights for businesses and marketers to improve online customer experiences, particularly in regional markets such as Manado. The findings underscore the multidimensional nature of online shopping behavior in a rapidly growing digital economy.

Designing a user interface (UI) requires a deep understanding of how users think and interact with systems. This study explores the psychological and physiological aspects that influence user interaction with UI, such as perception, cognitive load, reaction time, and ergonomic factors. Through literature analysis and UI usability testing, this paper identifies design principles that enhance user experience by aligning interface structures with human capabilities. The results show that interfaces built with attention to psychological factors like user memory and attention span, as well as physiological aspects such as eye movement and hand positioning, significantly improve user satisfaction and efficiency.

This study aims to analyze the effect of port integration of PT Berlian Manyar Sejahtera with JIIPE Industrial Estate on logistics distribution efficiency. The background is the existence of distribution costs in Indonesia, which are relatively expensive. The integration of ports with industrial estates and other factors could cut distribution costs. The purpose of this research is to find out how many percent of the influence of proximity distance for distribution costs and also the time in the distribution process. In this research, a quantitative methods is used which is assisted by a software, namely SPSS version 27. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, documentation, and literature study. The data used includes the distance from the port to the warehouse receiving goods, distribution rates, and the length of time in the loading and unloading process. The results of the analysis show that there is an influence between distance, costs, and tariffs in the distribution process. And how this integration is significantly beneficial for service users

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an essential tool in the world of management for decision-making. This article examines the ways in which AI can be used to improve the quality and speed of decision-making, and how AI can improve the operational efficiency of companies. In addition, this article also examines the challenges and opportunities that companies face in adopting AI.In the rapidly evolving digital era, AI has become an essential component of modern business strategies. Today's managers are often faced with the challenge of analyzing very large and complex volumes of data. To make good and timely decisions, AI offers a potential solution with fast and precise data analysis capabilities.The use of AI in decision-making involves machine learning algorithms and models to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of data. This helps managers gain deeper and more accurate insights, enabling more effective decision-making.