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The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Medan as a public information provider in the Utara region. The research uses content analysis, audience engagement, and technical performance evaluation. The results show that despite RRI Medan's success in providing public information, there is potential for improvement in local news and programs. This study contributes to understanding radio media's role in public information and providing specific recommendations for improving RRI Medan's effectiveness.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the principal's leadership style on teacher performance at SMK Negeri 2 Siatas Barita in 2023. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with inferential statistics. The population is all 64 teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Pollung and this research is a population study. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 40 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the principal's democratic leadership style on teacher performance at SMK Negeri 2 Siatas Barita in 2023: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) test the positive influence, the value of rxy = 0.594 > rtable(=0) .05,n=64) = 0.244, thus it is known that there is a positive influence between variable )= 2,000, thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Effect test: uyu88. a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="25.138"+0.511X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.2%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable, namely 33.721 > 4.00. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The scientific paper with the title arranging the song I want to follow Jesus in the quarted band ensemble playing in the GPdI Agave Bangun Service is research that discusses how to apply the branch of arrangement, namely reharmonization, to the composition I want to follow Jesus. This research uses qualitative research methods using observation, interviews and documentation. Arrangement comes from the Dutch word Arrangement, which means adjusting a musical composition to the number of singers' voices or musical instruments based on an existing composition so that the essence of the music does not change. The arrangements influence the formation of the rhythm and harmony produced by the quarted band ensemble at GPdI Agave Bangun. The results of the research show that the problem of this research is that the drum and bass, which are the main components in the quarted band ensemble, are out of sync between the two instruments which will affect the quality of the arrangement. The piano is often melodic but can also be an accompaniment instrument, the piano playing pattern becomes a rhythmic fulcrum that will change the character and dynamics of the song. Reharmonization of the piano chords is the main reason the writer arranged the song I want to follow Jesus by changing the character of the song from sad to straightforward. Substitution chord theory, voicing and slash chord techniques are the main ingredients for researchers in composing. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research, with the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The final result of this research is as reference material for church musicians to increase their repertoire of playing variations to accompany worship in the church.

Mangrove ecotourism offers a variety of interesting tourist activities for visitors, such as nature tourism, environmental education, and cultural tourism. The purpose of this study was to determine the role and efforts of the community in participating in improving mangrove ecotourism management in Denai Kuala Village, Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency. The method used in this research is Qualitative with Descriptive Approach. The results of this study show that there are various types of mangroves in Denai Kuala village such as Rhizopora Apicullata, Rhizophora Mucronata and Avicennia. Beach management with an approach that harmonizes environmental protection, animal welfare, education, and economic sustainability. Mangrove ecotourism management on Putra Deli beach is managed by one party where the management of the beach revenue is used properly and partly goes into the treasury as a further beach management fund. Mangrove management of Muara Indah Beach is carried out by groups of people who live around the beach. Not all people are only some who belong to the Muara Indah Beach management group

Mangrove forests are coastal forests where the water rises at high tide and falls at low tide. Mangroves are found in tropical and sub-tropical coastal areas in the world, including Indonesia and one of them is on the coast of North Sumatra. Mangrove forests are very important to protect because they function to protect coastlines, habitat for plants and animals, store carbon, source of food and fuel, absorb pollutants, and of course greatly help the economy of the surrounding communities. The existence of mangrove forests on the coast of North Sumatra is very concerning and has a negative impact on the environment and surrounding communities, especially local fishermen. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with literature study techniques. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts and strategies for controlling mangrove damage on the coast of North Sumatera..  

This study aims to compare the concept of leaving father and mother in Matthew 19:5-6 with the practice of Menjae in Pakpak Tribal Culture. In addition, this study will also analyze the meaning of leaving father and mother in Matthew 19:5-6 and explore the meaning of Menjae in the Pakpak Family Cultural Tradition. Through this research, it will see the parallels between leaving father and mother in Matthew 19:5-6 and Menjae in the Pakpak Family Cultural Tradition. The author also wants to mean whether culture and the Bible sometimes disagree or become harmonized and see the positive value of the implementation of Menjae Culture in Pakpak family traditions.

Pronunciation skills are fundamental in English language learning, especially in the correct articulation of regular past tense verbs. However, students often experience difficulties in accurately pronouncing such verbs due to the differences between English spelling and pronunciation. To address this issue, this study investigated the effect of the English Language Speech Assistant (ELSA) application on the pronunciation ability of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Pematang Siantar. This research utilized a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, involving 64 students divided equally into an experimental group (X-3) and a control group (X-9) selected through purposive sampling. The experimental group received instruction using the ELSA Speak application, while the control group was taught using conventional teaching methods. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, then analysed using an independent sample t-test. The mean pre-test scores for the experimental and control groups were 50.34 and 50.21, respectively, while the mean post-test scores were 82.56 and 67.37. The t-test analysis revealed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000, which was lower than the significance level of 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Additionally, the computed t-value exceeded the t-table value (t-observed > t-table at df=62 and α=0.05), leading to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and the rejection of the null hypothesis (H₀). This indicates that there is a significant difference between students taught using the ELSA Speak application and those taught using conventional methods. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the ELSA Speak application significantly improves students’ pronunciation abilities in pronouncing English regular past tense verbs.

Urban workers are increasingly vulnerable to heat stress due to rising global temperatures, especially in cities affected by the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. This heat stress poses significant risks to worker health and productivity, exacerbating health issues such as dehydration, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke, while also reducing work efficiency. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of green rooftop designs as a mitigation strategy for heat stress in urban workplace environments. Green rooftops are increasingly seen as a sustainable solution for urban heat management, offering benefits in temperature regulation, energy efficiency, and overall worker well-being. This study examines various heat stress mitigation strategies, including green roofs, industrial fans, and shading systems, focusing on their comparative effectiveness in reducing temperatures and improving worker comfort. The research involved environmental temperature measurements inside and outside urban workplaces, the use of wearable heat sensors to monitor workers’ heat stress levels, and building energy simulations to predict the impact of green rooftops on indoor climate control. Results indicate that green rooftops reduced workplace temperatures by an average of 3.8°C and decreased heat-stress-related complaints by 35%. In comparison to industrial fans and shading systems, green rooftops provided superior long-term relief, reducing heat stress and improving both worker productivity and environmental quality. The findings support the integration of green rooftops into urban workplace designs as a viable climate adaptation strategy. Future research should explore optimizing green rooftop designs for different climates and assessing their long-term benefits for worker health and urban resilience.

Choking is a condition where the upper airways are blocked by food or other objects which causes breathing problems. This is a medical emergency that can occur suddenly, and requires immediate action by anyone who is near the victim, because if left too long the body can experience a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and resulting in death. Choking is a respiratory condition that is often underestimated by society. In children, the cause of choking is not chewing food properly and eating too much at one time. Apart from that, children also often put small solid objects into their mouths.Treatment is usually successful and the survival rate can reach 95%. Early treatment for choking is divided into 3 types, namely back blow (patting on the back), abdominal thrust (stomping on the stomach) also known as the Heimich maneuver and chest thrust (stomping on the chest).

The aim of this research is to find out vocal phrasing techniques for good and correct sentence fragments in singing the song Arise And Shine Forth. This research uses qualitative research methods using observation, interviews and documentation. This research was carried out by collecting information through field research to obtain results which were processed into accurate data. The research process carried out as data collection is: videos and interviews. By singing the song Arise And Shine Forth, the author uses accompaniment via digital media, namely karaoke. The research results show that the process of implementing the vocal phrasing technique training in singing the song Arise And Shine Forth, namely practicing body posture, breathing, articulation and learning the phrasing of the song Arise And Shine Forth. In the score for the song Arise And Shine Forth, it is known that the chord is 4/4, 42 bars and tempo 68 (Adagio), the tempo tends to be slow but tends to be relaxed. This song is performed in a duet consisting of a man and a woman using different voice melodies. In bars 6 to 10 it is sung by women. Bars 12 to 14 are sung by men. Bars 18 to bar 28, the lyrics are sung together using different melodies. From all the observations and methods that the author has used while conducting research, the vocal phrasing technique in singing the song Arise And Shine Forth is very important. To obtain good and correct phrasing techniques for phrasing sentences, you need to practice and master good vocal techniques to be able to sing the song. There are several ways that must be considered to master good phrasing techniques, namely: practicing breathing, understanding the song being sung, understanding the purpose or message of a song and looking at the sentences in the song where they are divided.

The island of Bali is a paradise for culture, every activity in Bali will never escape its cultural touch. Not only marriage, birth, but until death. Almost all Indonesian people and even foreign countries must have known and are familiar with every ritual that is owned by the people who live on the island of Bali. An example is the cremation ritual. Ngaben is one of the Balinese Hindu traditions to carry out death ceremonies. According to Tattwa, a person is considered dead if his atma has been separated from the five maha bhuta, this is mentioned in vrasphati tattwa (Swastika: 2008). The Ngaben ritual is carried out with a long series of activities and invites many people. In addition, this ritual also requires a relatively large range of costs. Because this death ritual is different from death rituals with other tribes, where most of the death rituals in various tribes in Indonesia are only carried out by directly burying the body. However, cremation is done by burning the corpse.    

The purpose of this research is 1) to determine whether or not there is an influence of school principal leadership on teacher performance in elementary schools in Lumut sub-district, regency. Central Tapanuli year of study 2023/2024; 2) to determine whether or not there is an influence of teacher work motivation on teacher performance in elementary schools in Lumut district, regency. Central Tapanuli year of study 2023/2024; 3) to determine the simultaneous influence of principal leadership and teacher work motivation on teacher performance in elementary schools in Lumut district, regency. Central Tapanuli year of study 2023/2024. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method. The population is all teachers at State Elementary School 157624 Lumut Nauli State Elementary School 158460 Sialogo, State Elementary School 158468 Lumut 5 and State Elementary School 158467 Lumut Maju, State Elementary School 153070 Lumut 1, State Elementary School 155687 Masundung located in Central Tapanuli Regency totaling 100 people and a sample of 40 people was taken using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire with 86 items. The results of data analysis show that: 1) the calculated F value > F table between the principal's leadership on teacher performance is 17.972 > 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence between the principal's leadership on the performance of elementary school teachers in Lumut District, Kab. Middle Tapanuli for the 2023/2024 Academic Year, which is 32.1%, 2) the calculated F value > F table between work motivation and teacher performance is 14.510 > 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence between work motivation and the performance of elementary school teachers in Lumut District Kab. Tapanuli Middle School Year 2023/2024 is 27.6%, 3) the calculated F value > F table between the principal's leadership and work motivation on teacher performance is 12.259 > 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence between the principal's leadership and motivation work on the performance of elementary school teachers in Lumut District, Central Tapanuli Regency Middle School Year 2023/2024 is 39.9%, thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The GPP Maranatha congregation is a congregation that has a majority of farmers. At this time, many congregations are experiencing difficulties in managing congregational businesses, especially in the agricultural sector, many congregations are having difficulty getting fertilizer. According to the author's observations, this is due to the increasing price of fertilizer, in this case the church needs to pay attention to the congregation. The method used by researchers is a qualitative descriptive approach. The research implementation uses procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written and spoken words from people whose behavior can be observed through interviews or observations using a qualitative approach. This research aims to determine congregation growth efforts through evangelism models and entrepreneurship strategies in holistic services at the Maranatha Fellowship Protestant Church (GPP). From the results of the research, it can be seen that the efforts that must be made by the church to help increase the growth of the congregation both spiritually and physically are: providing assistance to the congregation such as: the church re-holding Communion that was previously held by the congregation at the Maranatha Fellowship Protestant Church (GPP), The church made visits to the congregation and the church provided training in making liquid fertilizer and provided livestock business. With this assistance, the congregation at the Maranatha United Protestant Church (GPP) will experience development

This research work aims at evaluating the importance of the introduction of spelling as a vocabulary strategy for students in the teaching of English as a foreign language at senior high school level, and how this can be a beneficial tool as input for the acquisition of new vocabulary, then a helpful means to produce a correct writing. To attain such an aim, the researcher administered a pre-test and a post-test. The former was intended to determine the pre-instructional knowledge of the graphic form of words, whereas the latter was aimed at finding out whether the spelling strategy implemented during instruction was effective in enhancing the subjects’ ability to write with less spelling mistakes. The test was interposed by two sequential lessons. The results of this innovative investigation have confirmed the hypothesis which states that if we train students to pay a careful attention to the form of words this would help them to spell them and write correctly. The learners under investigation proved to have learnt most of the vocabulary items of the proposed text.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the method of bamboo dancing effectively in improving students speaking ability. This study applied in the class by experimental research. The population of this study was the students of the XI class at SMA Negeri 1 Siborongborong. The total of number of population was 139, and 40 students from the population were taken as the sample by using simple cluster sampling, then they divided into two groups. The first group as the experimental group was taught by applying bamboo dancing method, while the second groups as the control group was taught without applying bamboo dancing method. The instrument used for collecting the data was test in form oral test based on the materials that has been taught in treatment. The test were divided into two; pre-test and post-test. The mean of control group is 220 (11) is lower than the mean of experimental group is 500 (25). The reliability of the test was 0,68. Based on the data tobserved (5,01) is higher than  the ttable (2,71) on df  38 at the level of significance (0,01). The result of this study show that teaching speaking by bamboo dancing method is more significant than that without applying bamboo dancing method.

Community Service (PkM) Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP) HKBP Nomensen University Medan is a service program carried out by a team of students and DPL lecturers with the title "Utilization of Fiction Text Media and Mentimeter in Increasing Literacy in Literary and Numerical Language in High School Students Private Tri Sakti Lubuk Pakam”. The Community Service Program (PKM) of the Faculty of Education and Teacher Training is implemented by the university in an effort to increase knowledge in students to gain added value and as a means of increasing insight and experience which can trigger broader knowledge for students. This activity aims to improve student character by using fictional text media and time meter in learning Indonesian and Mathematics, especially for TRI SAKTI Lubuk Pakam Private High School students, to be able to apply and receive Indonesian and Mathematics tutoring well, and be able to demonstrate knowledge Using the Mentimeter application or characters on students after participating in PKM community service activities can help the community, especially students, in completing missed lessons.

This research aims to discuss the meaning of the symbol of holding the seven stars and the seven golden candlesticks in Revelation 2:1 and its theological reflection. This research uses a qualitative research method, namely a library research approach. The object studied in this research is the meaning of the symbol of holding the seven stars and the seven golden lampstands. The results and discussion of this research show that the meaning of the symbol of the seven stars is to symbolize the angels/leaders of the congregation and the meaning of the symbol of the seven golden lampstands is to symbolize the congregations that Jesus addresses in Revelation 2:1. This research concludes that the Lord Jesus stated that He held all His angels or messengers, who are currently referred to as shepherds or leaders of the congregation, in the protection of His hands and revealed that Christ never tires of working among His congregation, He wants His congregation to become a shining light, like a lampstand used as a light in the darkness.

Community Service (PkM) Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP) HKBP Nomensen University Medan is a service program carried out by a team of students and DPL lecturers with the title "Literacy and Numeracy Tutoring for Elementary and Middle School Level Children in Nagori Sihalpe Village, District. Haranggaol Horizon”. Implementation of literacy and numeracy guidance is a fundamental competency that has an important role in determining the quality of a nation. In the field of education, especially at the elementary and junior high school levels, literacy and numeracy competencies are made the focus of learning and set as competency standards that students must have. Literacy and numeracy can provide provisions for students to adapt to life outside the classroom. However, in fact, the literacy and numeracy competencies of students in Indonesia are still low and education is also not as developed as it should be, so it is far behind other countries. Community Service (PkM) in Nagori village is carried out by providing tutoring activities to improve literacy and numeracy for elementary school and junior high school aged children in the area where students live.

The destruction of the incesce customary forest in Pandumaan village and the conflict over customary land with PT Toba Pulp Lestari (TPL) have damaged the preservation of the incesce customary forest. This condition really needs attention and restoration. Frankincense trees are continuously cut down by the company. Frankincense trees and other natural wood in the forest are cleared using a clear-cutting system and the logging areas are immediately planted by PT.TPL. The research method in this study uses qualitative descriptive analysis research methods. The author will conduct a special investigation regarding ecological restoration proposed by Van Wearen. Qualitative research in data collection is carried out using primary data sources, and data collection techniques will look for literature reviews, books, news and journals by collecting data from various literature. Restoring customary forests is also healing God's creation which has been damaged by humans. Understanding of ecological restoration as a basis for restoring the traditional incesce forest in Pandumaan village. The traditional forest of Pandumaan Village is a beautiful creation of God that should be protected and preserved.

Early childhood Christian education is an effort to form children's awareness from an early age in fostering a passion for learning to fill and develop themselves, so that they have the capacity, skills and skills to fear God. The purpose of writing this article is to explain the importance of the role of Christian PAUD teachers as liaisons in increasing early childhood interest in learning. The writing method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review method using books, journal articles and internet websites as references. The results of this study are that through the role of teachers as liaisons they can bring about changes in children who encourage them to seriously participate in the process of teaching and learning activities at school. Therefore, the teacher's role includes: 1) creating independent learning, 2) creating practical learning, 3) creating democratic learning, 4) creating ideal learning, 5) providing appreciation.