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Negotiation is a strategic communication process in which multiple parties work to reconcile differences and reach mutually beneficial agreements through the exchange of information, interests, and viewpoints. Although traditional theories emphasize analytical elements such as developing a BATNA, crafting offer–counteroffer strategies, and employing persuasive framing, recent research underscores the growing importance of interpersonal competencies in shaping negotiation success. Through a qualitative literature-based approach, this study explores how empathy, assertive communication, and emotional regulation influence negotiation outcomes, examines their relevance in digital negotiation environments, and proposes an integrated training framework for professionals and entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that empathy strengthens a negotiator’s ability to interpret emotional cues, identify underlying concerns, and build trust, thereby minimizing miscommunication. Assertive communication supports clear expression of interests and boundaries while maintaining respect, which enhances collaborative problem-solving. Emotional regulation promotes composure and cognitive flexibility, particularly in high-pressure interactions. In technology-mediated negotiations conducted via email, messaging platforms, or virtual meetings, these skills must be adapted due to limited physical cues and higher risk of misinterpretation, requiring explicit wording and intentional emotional management. The proposed model incorporates empathy training, assertive communication development, emotional regulation practices, and digital negotiation skills to cultivate adaptive and emotionally intelligent negotiators.

The rapid growth of the digital era significantly reduces children's physical activity, thus having an impact on decreasing gross and fine motor development in elementary school-age children. The habit of excessive use of gadgets causes children to tend to be passive and less involved in structured movement activities. Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS), as the basis of motor competence which includes locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative skills, shows increasingly less than optimal development in early childhood and school age. This study examines the contribution of FMS to children's motor development and evaluates the effectiveness of FMS-based learning media, especially modified snake and ladder games, in improving students' basic movement skills. The study used a descriptive-correlational quantitative design involving 40 students aged 6–9 years who were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) instrument, structured observation rubrics, and supporting documentation. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests to see the relationships between variables. The findings of this research are expected to be the basis for the development of more innovative, adaptive, and fun physical education programs to support children's motor development in the midst of the challenges of the digital era.

Childhood obesity has become an increasingly significant health and education problem in various countries, including Indonesia, influenced by unhealthy eating patterns, lifestyle changes, and low nutritional literacy within families. This article aims to examine the lack of balanced nutrition in obese early childhood from the perspective of family education as part of non-formal education. The research method used is a literature review by reviewing national and international literature related to nutrition, child growth and development, and the increasing trend of obesity. The results show that obesity has physical, cognitive, psychological, and social impacts that can hinder a child's holistic development. Parents play a crucial role in establishing healthy eating habits, monitoring food consumption, and fostering an active lifestyle. Improving nutritional literacy within families, synergizing with early childhood education institutions, and supporting public health policies are considered crucial to preventing the long-term risk of obesity. Therefore, family education about balanced nutrition is a crucial strategy in supporting optimal growth and development and creating a healthy and competitive generation of early childhood children.

Bullying remains a serious issue in elementary school environments that has negative impacts on children’s mental health, social relationships, as well as emotional and character development. Recognizing the importance of early prevention efforts, students of the Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) from Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) initiated and implemented an anti-bullying outreach program for children in Nagari Harau. This program aims to increase children’s awareness, understanding, and sensitivity toward various forms of bullying, including physical, verbal, and non-verbal bullying, as well as to introduce the impacts caused and simple strategies to deal with and prevent such behavior. The outreach activities were carried out using participatory and interactive methods to ensure the material was easily understood by children, supported by PowerPoint presentations, educational quizzes, light discussions, and simulations of everyday situations relevant to their lives. The target participants were elementary school students in the Nagari Harau area who are vulnerable to bullying practices in school and social settings. The evaluation results showed a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of bullying, where only about 30% of participants understood the material before the activity, increasing to 85% after the program was implemented. Positive responses from children, teachers, and the local community emphasize the importance of this program as an effective form of social intervention. This program demonstrates that child-friendly educational approaches can contribute to creating a safer, more comfortable, and bullying-free learning environment.

In the fast-moving fashion retail industry, supply chain efficiency is a key factor in operational success. Heybeb Factory Outlet, as one of the retail business actors, faces challenges in managing the flow of goods from upstream to downstream, particularly in balancing demand between offline (physical stores) and online (e-commerce/marketplace) channels. This proposal aims to design and analyze the logistics workflow starting from goods ordering (restocking) from the central warehouse, the goods receiving process, rigorous Quality Control (QC) procedures, storage in a dedicated transit warehouse, and the stock distribution mechanism (stock split) for the two sales channels. The main issues identified include the risk of overselling in one channel while stock accumulation occurs in another, as well as the potential for defective items to pass through due to an unstructured QC process. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach by mapping out an ideal Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). The expected outcome is the development of an integrated inventory management system capable of minimizing return rates caused by defective items and maximizing inventory turnover through accurate stock allocation between online and offline divisions.

This community service activity was carried out to increase students' understanding of the dangers of drug abuse and its impact on academic achievement and the future of the younger generation at SMK Negeri 1 Pagelaran. The problem of low student awareness and limited access to accurate information about drugs was the main background for this activity. The community service program was designed using interactive socialization and education methods that included direct counseling, educational video screenings, group discussions, and the provision of supporting media in the form of leaflets as a means of reinforcing the material. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' knowledge and understanding regarding the risks of drug abuse, particularly its impact on decreased learning concentration, physical and mental health disorders, and weakened motivation and academic achievement. In addition, students showed high enthusiasm during the activity and were able to identify internal and external factors that can encourage and prevent involvement in drug abuse. This activity made a positive contribution to the school as a preventive effort and became the basis for the development of a sustainable and more comprehensive drug prevention program.

Traditional settlements are a reflection of the way of life, cultural values, and interactions of society with the natural environment. In the context of Luluo Village, settlement patterns are not only formed by physical factors such as topography and natural resources, but are also influenced by the local wisdom of the Gorontalo people who have a value system, customs, and cosmology-based spatial planning. The objectives of this study are: 1) To describe the traditional settlement patterns of Luluo Village, Biluhu District, Gorontalo Regency; 2) To analyze the development and changes in settlement patterns in Luluo Village; 3) To identify forms of local wisdom that play a role in the formation and preservation of settlement patterns. Method: used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Results: This study is 1) Traditional Settlement Patterns of Luluo Village seen from the distribution pattern of houses, building orientation, distance between houses, open spaces. 2) forms of local wisdom in traditional settlements. 3) The development of settlements in Luluo Village. 4) The impact of settlement development on socio-cultural life. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the development of traditional settlement patterns in Luluo Village is a dynamic process influenced by environmental, social, cultural, and economic factors. Local wisdom is the main foundation in the formation and development of settlements, despite facing the challenges of modernization. Traditional settlement patterns based on local wisdom have proven capable of creating a harmonious, sustainable, and socially value-oriented residential environment.

Background: Adolescence is a crucial stage of human development, during which adequate and balanced nutrition plays an important role in supporting growth and maintaining long-term health. At this age, eating habits begin to form, yet many adolescents tend to choose fast food, which generally has low nutritional value. Such foods are typically high in fat, sugar, and salt, but low in fiber from fruits and vegetables, potentially affecting their nutritional status. This study aims to examine the relationship between the frequency of Junk Food consumption and fiber intake with the nutritional status of students at SMP Negeri 9 Palu. This research employed an analytical quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design, involving a population of 97 students. Data were collected through the SQ-FFQ questionnaire to assess Junk Food consumption, 3×24-hour dietary recalls to measure fiber intake, and anthropometric measurements to determine nutritional status. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results indicated a significant relationship between Junk Food consumption and nutritional status (p < 0.05). In contrast, fiber intake showed no meaningful association (p > 0.05), possibly because most respondents had similarly low fiber intake, resulting in insufficient variation to influence nutritional status. Other factors such as total energy intake, physical activity, and sleep patterns may also contribute to adolescents’ nutritional conditions. These findings highlight the importance of nutrition education in schools and the role of parents in monitoring adolescents’ eating habits. Further research with a larger sample size and more detailed dietary assessment methods is recommended to obtain more comprehensive results.  

The development of traditional markets is increasingly threatened by market transformation, both physically and through online sales systems (e-commerce). This study aims to analyze the forms of resilience implemented by clothing vendors at Wage Market, Tulungagung, in maintaining their business continuity amidst declining market conditions. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. This research utilizes James S. Coleman's Rational Choice Theory. The methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects in this study were six people consisting of four clothing vendors, the Head Coordinator of Wage Market, and the Heads of Market Technical Implementation Units throughout Tulungagung Regency. Subject selection was based on a purposive sampling technique. The results show that the forms of trader resilience consist of economic, innovation, social networks, and psychological aspects. Economically, traders maintain their businesses through managing capital owned by personal savings and cooperative loans. In terms of innovation, traders utilize simple technology and a variety of merchandise patterns. In terms of social networks, family support and solidarity among traders are the main strengths, while psychologically, optimism and religious beliefs help them survive. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening vendor strategies through digital marketing training and support for market revitalization policies from local governments to maintain the economic sustainability of vendors during times of market transformation.

This study aims to explore the role of art in Islam by revisiting various books and references that focus on three main aspects: values, aesthetics, and ethics. In Islamic perspective, art is not merely about expressing beauty, but also serves as a medium to enhance one’s faith and morality, guiding humans to draw closer to Allah SWT. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using a literature review method based on relevant scholarly sources and academic documents. The findings indicate that Islamic art is built upon the principles of tawhid (monotheism), morality, and spirituality, which provide a profound meaning to every artistic creation. In terms of aesthetics, Islamic art emphasizes not only physical beauty but also harmony, balance, and the magnificence of Allah’s creation. The ethical aspect functions as a guideline for artists to ensure that their works remain within the boundaries of Islamic law and serve as instruments of da’wah, education, and moral development. Therefore, Islamic art represents the synthesis of beauty, truth, and goodness that guides humanity toward worship and devotion to Allah SWT. This study concludes that Islamic art plays a vital role in strengthening spirituality, character, and the advancement of an Islamic civilization that is cultured, beautiful, and meaningful.

The Food Empowerment Extension program through Urban Farming was implemented based on an analysis of the conditions in Mancak District and its environment, using a SWOT analysis. The SO strategy resulted in the development of a community-based urban farming model supported by simple technology to meet local market needs. This relates to: a) The limitations of local food self-sufficiency in Serang Regency can be addressed through the Urban Farming concept; b) The Urban Farming concept can increase community participation in the local, inclusive, and sustainable food economy. The purpose of this extension program is to achieve sustainable food independence in Mancak District, Serang Regency. It is also recommended to provide physical, moral, and material support to the community and farmer groups, especially those related to the implementation of the Urban Farming concept, and to encourage and support the research and development process for various Urban Farming methods

This study examines and provides a descriptive analysis of Omah Pulung, a residential house located in Banyumanik, Semarang City, Central Java. The focus of the research is directed at the application of a minimalist architectural style that emphasizes simplicity of form, spatial efficiency, and aesthetic aspects that are in harmony with the characteristics of the building. The principles of minimalist architecture are applied through the selection of simple but functional materials, optimal natural lighting arrangements, and air circulation systems that are suitable for Indonesia's tropical climate. The research method uses a qualitative approach with observation, documentation, and descriptive analysis techniques to explore the physical and functional characteristics of the house. The results of the study show that Omah Pulung successfully represents the principle of minimalism through simple geometric shapes, efficient use of space, and natural lighting that supports the comfort of residents. In addition, good air circulation strengthens the adaptation of the house to tropical climatic conditions so that healthy and sustainable housing is created. This research contributes to the understanding of the application of minimalist architecture in the local context, as well as a reference for the development of residential design that is environmentally friendly and according to the needs of urban communities in Indonesia.

Purpose – Purpose This is for explore interconnection strategic between system energy and defense in support resilience national with propose draft paradigm energy dual role paradigm This positioning energy No only as protected objects​ from threat external, but also as subject strategic support​ operation military through energy renewable, implementation network smart, and technology storage battery. Design/ methodology / approach – Research This use approach review library systematic (SLR) for synthesize findings academic and reports policy from three year lastly, which involves source journal national (SINTA indexed) and international (Elsevier, Springer, IEEE, etc.), with focus on intersection between resilience energy and defense strategy national. Findings – Review This disclose that infrastructure resilient energy​ increase capability defense, while system formidable defense​ ensure continuity supply energy national research​ This propose an integrative model consisting of from three layer strategic: integration policy national (between RUEN and RENSTRAHAN), development infrastructure green and digital, and development capacity source Power man together. Framework Work integrative This strengthen reciprocal resilience​ between sector energy and defense. Implications practical – The makers policies, institutions military, and stakeholders interest energy pushed for together implementing synchronized strategies, integration curriculum and investment in infrastructure digital energy use reach resilience national term long in face uncertainty geopolitics and environment. Originality / Value – Study This introduce framework Work new paradigm energy role double in defense national, which provides runway theoretical and practical for integrate transition energy sustainable with planning defense strategic. Study This contribute in a way conceptual for bridge gap between policy energy and defense strategy, especially in context threat hybrids and vulnerabilities system cyber-physical.

The development of digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed the paradigm of urban development towards the concept of a smart city based on data and connectivity. This study analyzes the nature of smart cities through three dimensions of the philosophy of science: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. From an ontological perspective, a smart city is understood as a complex entity consisting of physical, digital, social, and ecological systems that interact with each other to create efficient and adaptive urban governance. Epistemologically, knowledge in a smart city is obtained through the process of collecting, processing, and analyzing data from various IoT devices, sensors, and citizen participation, thereby producing new insights that support evidence-based decision-making (data-driven governance). From an axiological perspective, a smart city has ethical values and goals to improve the quality of life of its citizens, strengthen government transparency, maintain environmental sustainability, and promote inclusive social participation. Thus, this study asserts that the development of a smart city is not only technological but also has a philosophical foundation oriented towards a balance between efficiency, humanity, and sustainability.

The rapid development and population growth in Bekasi Regency, Indonesia, have resulted in increasing traffic density and a corresponding rise in road traffic accidents (RTA), particularly along the critical 28 km Kalimalang Inspection Highway, locally known as "Jalur Tengkorak." This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial influence of Vehicle Factors (X1), Human Factors (X2), and Road Physical Condition Factors (X3) on RTA (Y). A quantitative descriptive approach utilizing Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was employed, based on primary data collected through questionnaires from 100 motorcycle riders and secondary data from Polresta Bekasi (2022). The findings confirm that all three variables significantly and positively influence RTA, resulting in the model \hat{Y} = 2.218 + 0.302 X1 + 0.161 X2 + 0.289 X3 + \mu. The adjusted coefficient of determination (R^2) is 0.514, indicating that 51.4\% of RTA variation is explained by these factors. Crucially, the Road Physical Condition Factor (X3) emerged as the strongest predictor (t=4.429, \beta=0.385), surpassing the traditional dominance of human error. This key finding suggests that mitigation strategies must prioritize urgent infrastructure repair addressing potholes, road waves, and insufficient markings to significantly reduce accident frequency in this corridor.

This study aims to develop sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) as an alternative raw material for producing Gnocchi pasta by processing them into flour and formulating pasta based on local food ingredients. This innovation is intended to increase the added value of sweet potatoes and support food diversification in the community. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach through stages of identifying potentials, collecting data, designing products, validating designs, revising designs, testing products, developing the final product, and conducting limited production. The study was carried out over three months at the Culinary Arts Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Manado. The results show that the sweet potato flour produced through peeling, slicing, heat processing, drying, milling, and sieving generated high-quality flour with a natural purple color and fine texture suitable for Gnocchi production. The formulated Gnocchi made from sweet potato flour exhibited color, aroma, taste, and texture characteristics that were well-received by panelists. Nutritional analysis conducted by the Industrial Research and Standardization Center of Manado revealed that sweet potato Gnocchi contains 55 g of moisture, 28 g of carbohydrates, 6 g of sugar, 3 g of dietary fiber, 2.5 g of protein, 1.2 g of total fat, and 200–300 mg of natural anthocyanins per 100 g. These components indicate that the product has the potential to be developed as a functional food. This study concludes that sweet potatoes have great potential to be developed as raw material for modern pasta products such as Gnocchi due to their favorable physical and chemical properties. In addition, the utilization of local ingredients supports national food diversification efforts, the development of creative culinary industries, and business opportunities for ready-to-cook and ready-to-eat food products.

Administrative services for civil servants (ASN) play a crucial role in ensuring the rights and obligations of government employees. One of these services is the submission process for the Wife Card (KARIS) and Husband Card (KARSU), which serve as official proof of marital status for civil servants. At the BKPSDM of Sumba Barat Daya, the current submission process for KARIS and KARSU is still carried out manually by filling out paper forms and attaching physical documents. This manual method is time-consuming, prone to data errors, and complicates the monitoring process. Therefore, this study aims to develop a digital information system to simplify the submission, verification, and issuance process of KARIS and KARSU online. This research applies a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Waterfall model, consisting of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation stages. The system is developed using the Python (Streamlit) programming framework and a SQLite3 database, designed to be easily accessible to both ASN users and BKPSDM officers through local networks or the internet. The results show that the developed system successfully reduces processing time by up to 60%, improves data accuracy by 90%, and significantly decreases the use of physical documents. The implementation of this digital information system makes the KARIS and KARSU administrative service more efficient, transparent, and accountable, supporting the ongoing digital transformation within the local government of Sumba Barat Daya Regency.

The development of the business world in the digital era requires every company to adapt quickly and implement innovative strategies in order to remain competitive. PT Eurotruk Transindo Samarinda faces increasingly fierce competition due to the emergence of various new companies in various sectors, thus requiring optimal human resource management that is in line with the dynamics of digital transformation. This study aims to analyze the influence of non-physical work environment, job satisfaction, and motivation on employee performance at PT Eurotruk Transindo. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through observation and the distribution of questionnaires to 50 respondents, which were then analyzed using statistical tests with the assistance of SPSS version 31. The results of the study indicate that non-physical work environment and work motivation have a positive and significant impact on employee performance, while job satisfaction does not have a significant impact. Simultaneously, all three variables have a significant impact on employee performance. These findings emphasize the importance of aligning human resource management strategies with business transformation to enhance employee performance and maintain competitiveness in the digital era.

This study explores how resource-constrained small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia’s advertising sector adapt digital transformation strategies to achieve sustainable development. Using the case of Roxy Maharewa, an SME in Makassar–Gowa, the research examines strategic trade-offs between investing in advanced digital platforms and operationally transformative physical assets. Guided by the Resource-Based View, Strategic Trade-off Theory, and Contingency Theory, this qualitative case study employs semi-structured interviews with key decision-makers. Findings reveal that prioritizing high-capacity production equipment eliminated structural cost disadvantages from outsourced printing, enabling twice to fourth times potential profit margin gains and strengthening market competitiveness. Rather than adopting a fully digital-first approach, the firm employed a hybrid strategy leveraging low-cost digital tools for internal efficiency while maintaining offline relationship management to align with client preferences and infrastructural realities. This asset-led hybrid model demonstrates how SMEs in emerging markets can integrate selective digital adoption with tangible investments to achieve both rapid returns and long-term sustainability. The paper contributes to the discourse on digital transformation by providing a context-sensitive perspective for policymakers and practitioners, emphasizing that in heterogeneous digital readiness environments, blended strategies can deliver superior economic and social.

Menarche is the first transitional period marked in women, known as the first menstruation (menarche). During menarche, physical and psychological changes occur, such as anxiety and sadness, due to the physical changes in this period. The changes usually include pubic hair, armpit hair, and breast development. This often happens among elementary school students, including those in SDN Lampeuneurut. This study aims to determine the relationship between parental support and the level of anxiety in girls facing menarche in SDN Lampeuneurut. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 120 female students in grades 5 and 6 at SDN Lampeueneurut who had not yet experienced menarche. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 55 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. This research was conducted from June 18th to 20th, 2025. The instruments used were a parental support questionnaire and the STAI (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) of anxiety questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a bivariate statistical test, the Chi-Square test. The research findings indicated a significant relationship between parental support and the anxiety levels of female students in facing menarche, with a p-value of 0.011 (p-value < 0.05). This study concludes that parental support is related to a decrease in the anxiety levels of girls facing menarche. This study recommends that schools provide basic reproductive health education from an early age, especially regarding menarche, and that parents understand the importance of providing emotional, informational, instrumental, and appreciative support.