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One of the solutions for waste sustainability is the production of compositions of the highest quality from agriculture. Thermophilic microorganisms play an important role in accelerating the decomposition process and improving composition quality. The purpose of this article is to assess the potential of thermophilic microorganisms from Nias Island agricultural waste in compositional manufacturing based on existing literature. This research examines the role of thermophilic microorganisms such as Bacillus, Thermus, and Actinobacteria species in the decomposition of organic matter. This article also discusses microbiological strategies to improve soil health, thermophilic microorganisms in the composting process, the potential of agricultural waste on Nias Island.

Organic waste management in rural communities, especially those dependent on the agricultural sector, is still a big challenge. Organic waste such as crop residues, leaves and household waste are often not utilized optimally, resulting in environmental pollution and wasted potential. Meanwhile, farmers' dependence on chemical fertilizers increases production costs and reduces soil quality in the long term. This service program aims to provide education and assistance to farmer groups in Nagari Harau regarding the use of simple composters as a solution for managing organic waste. A simple composter is a method that is easy to make, cost effective, and can produce compost that is rich in nutrients. A participatory approach is used in implementing this program to ensure active community involvement in the entire process, from waste collection, composting, to utilization of the results. Through this program, it is concluded that communities can be more independent in managing organic waste, reduce negative impacts on the environment, and increase productivity and overall welfare of farmers.

Penggunaan limbah sebagai bahan substitusi dalam pembuatan beton ramah lingkungan menjadi alternatif yang relevan untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan dan sumber daya yang semakin menipis. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggunaan limbah keramik granit, limbah beton, dan cangkang kerang (Grabeka) sebagai pengganti agregat kasar dan halus dalam campuran beton. Pengujian dilakukan untuk menilai kekuatan tekan beton pada umur 28 hari serta analisis biaya dibandingkan dengan beton konvensional. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa beton dengan campuran limbah Grabeka mampu mencapai kekuatan tekan optimal sebesar 35,09 Mpa. Selain itu, penggunaan zat aditif Sikament NN mempercepat proses pengerasan, sehingga beton dengan agregat daur ulang menjadi lebih efisien.  

Potensi besar di Desa Sajau Hilir ini terletak pada sektor pertanian, khususnya produksi padi sebagai komoditas unggulan masyarakat setempat. Namun, aktivitas pertanian menghasilkan limbah berupa sekam padi dalam jumlah cukup besar. Mengolah sekam padi menjadi briket memberikan manfaat besar secara ekonomi dan lingkungan. Proses ini menambah nilai pada limbah sekam padi yang sebelumnya tidak termanfaatkan, menciptakan peluang usaha baru bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Sajau Hilir tentang manfaat dan potensi sekam padi sebagai bahan baku briket. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Desa Sejau Hilir dengan tema "Pemanfaatan Limbah Sekam Padi sebagai Briket" dilaksanakan melalui metode sosialisasi dan pembekalan materi. Sosialisasi pemanfaatan sekam padi memberikan dampak positif di Desa Sajau Hilir dalam hal pemahaman, kesadaran, dan keterampilan masyarakat. Melalui kegiatan ini, masyarakat yang sebelumnya tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang potensi pengolahan limbah sekam padi kini memiliki wawasan baru tentang potensi energi alternatif dan manfaat ekonomi. Program ini tidak hanya mendorong penggunaan energi yang lebih berkelanjutan, tetapi juga memberikan peluang untuk menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan warga desa yang dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan ekonomi desa.

The purpose of this activity is to encourage increased household management skills in household waste processing in Kaliprau Village, Ulujami District, Pemalang Regency. The objectives are: 1) Increasing community/household knowledge about management, especially household/home waste processing; 2) Developing home business skills in household waste processing so that it grows into one of the drivers (centers) of family economic movement. The results of this activity: 1) Increasing knowledge, understanding and skills for household industry groups, especially in the utilization of household waste and making compost with household waste as raw materials; 2) Identified problems and potentials that can be developed to support the development of home businesses through entrepreneurship groups; 3) Identified plans (strategies) for increasing the capacity of entrepreneurship groups that will help develop, plan and utilize local potential management.

The use of banana stems as a basic ingredient for chips is an innovative effort to reduce organic waste as well as open up new business opportunities for the people of Depok Village, Bendungan District, Trenggalek Regency. This topic of service was chosen because banana stem waste is generally unused and often becomes a source of environmental pollution. In fact, banana stems have great potential as an alternative food ingredient that can be processed into products of economic value. In this service, the methods used include the socialization stage, technical training, and production assistance to ensure the community's skills in processing banana stems into chips. The socialization stage was carried out to increase residents' awareness of economic opportunities from the use of local waste. At the technical training stage, residents are taught how to choose materials, processing processes, and packaging products so that they are suitable for sale. The results of the activity showed an increase in interest and skills of residents in producing banana stem chip products with various flavor variants. In addition, this product has managed to attract the attention of local consumers and has the potential to be marketed more widely. In conclusion, the use of banana stems into chips not only reduces environmental waste but also strengthens the community's economy through sustainable new business opportunities.

A collection of shoes that are not neatly arranged often makes you lazy to tidy up and clean them, whereas the condition of scattered shoes can spoil the view and reduce the durability and functionality of the shoes themselves. On the other hand, plastic waste, especially plastic bottles, is increasing and becoming a serious problem for the environment. In an effort to reduce the impact of pollution and utilize unused items, this study proposes a solution in the form of making a shoe rack from used plastic bottle waste. The use of plastic bottles not only reduces the amount of waste but also provides a practical solution for more organized shoe storage, especially for students who need efficient and environmentally friendly shoe storage space. The method used in this study is (R&D), which aims to develop a shoe rack product and test its effectiveness and feasibility. The test results show that this shoe rack can accommodate 12 pairs of shoes with a maximum strength of 5.5 kg per rack consisting of three levels. The use of 69 plastic bottles for the base and 24 bottles for the walls provides a large enough capacity to store shoes. Based on the test results, this shoe rack not only functions as a place to store shoes, but also as an effort to reduce plastic waste and support environmental sustainability. This product can also be used as an example in learning product design, recycling, and entrepreneurship.

The Workshop program for training in making soap from used cooking oil is one of the work programs of the Regular Community Service Program (KKN) 83 UIN Walisongo Semarang Post 16 which was carried out with the mothers of Jawisari Village at the Jawisari Village Hall, Limbangan District, Kendal Regency. This workshop program was motivated by the fact that many people still use used cooking oil repeatedly so that it can endanger their health and there are still those who dispose of used cooking oil carelessly so that it can cause environmental pollution. This work program aims to provide an understanding to the community about the negative impacts of used cooking oil waste on the environment and health, introduce the application of science and technology through training in processing used cooking oil waste, and provide training and assistance to control environmental pollution by providing education and training to local residents on how to process used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. This training workshop activity was carried out in three main stages, namely counseling, practicing making liquid soap, and evaluation. The results of this program show that the training workshop activities were successful and well-run where participants were able to understand the basic techniques of making liquid soap and gain direct experience in practice, the mothers who participated were also very enthusiastic and actively participated and felt happy to be able to learn to change used cooking oil waste into liquid soap products that are useful for everyday life. Making liquid soap from used cooking oil is an innovation that is not only useful for reducing waste oil that pollutes the environment, but also provides economic and social benefits for the community because it can open up business opportunities and support the local economy. Therefore, as a sustainable step, it is necessary to provide education to the community about the importance of recycling used cooking oil and improving technology in the production of liquid soap to be more efficient and environmentally friendly

The Workshop program for training in making soap from used cooking oil is one of the work programs of the Regular Community Service Program (KKN) 83 UIN Walisongo Semarang Post 16 which was carried out with the mothers of Jawisari Village at the Jawisari Village Hall, Limbangan District, Kendal Regency. This workshop program was motivated by the fact that many people still use used cooking oil repeatedly so that it can endanger their health and there are still those who dispose of used cooking oil carelessly so that it can cause environmental pollution. This work program aims to provide an understanding to the community about the negative impacts of used cooking oil waste on the environment and health, introduce the application of science and technology through training in processing used cooking oil waste, and provide training and assistance to control environmental pollution by providing education and training to local residents on how to process used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. This training workshop activity was carried out in three main stages, namely counseling, practicing making liquid soap, and evaluation. The results of this program show that the training workshop activities were successful and well-run where participants were able to understand the basic techniques of making liquid soap and gain direct experience in practice, the mothers who participated were also very enthusiastic and actively participated and felt happy to be able to learn to change used cooking oil waste into liquid soap products that are useful for everyday life. Making liquid soap from used cooking oil is an innovation that is not only useful for reducing waste oil that pollutes the environment, but also provides economic and social benefits for the community because it can open up business opportunities and support the local economy. Therefore, as a sustainable step, it is necessary to provide education to the community about the importance of recycling used cooking oil and improving technology in the production of liquid soap to be more efficient and environmentally friendly

Alternative materials are almost always found in the surrounding nature, therefore innovation in the development of concrete mixture composition must continue to be improved. Natural local materials that are prioritized as a substitute for cement have geopolymer material content and contain silica (Si) and alumina (Al) elements. Clam shells are a new phenomenon in several sea sand quarries in Fakfak Regency. If the shell shell waste is not utilized, it will only create useless piles, as is the case with chicken egg shells, even though this waste has the potential to replace lime in making cement. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the material (clam shell waste, chicken egg shells and sand), and to determine the compressive strength produced in variations in the use of 50% LCK + 50% LCTA, 80% LCK + 20% LCTA and 100% LCTA. The results obtained in this study indicate that clam shells can be used as a component of geopolymer concrete because they have basic elements found in geopolymer materials in the form of SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Al2O3, and MgO. Meanwhile, in chicken egg shells, the dominant element is only CaO. The dominant variation of shellfish shells using a combination of 80% LCK + 20% LCTA variations has the highest compressive strength value compared to other variations of 14.29 MPa at the age of 28 days, while the variation of 100% chicken egg shells only gets a compressive strength result of 2.20 MPa (age 28 days).

Sculpture is a field of three-dimensional fine art that has dimensions of height, width, and length. According to M. Susanto in his book Diksi Seni Rupa (2002) Miniature is a model, replica, prototype, and scale model as well as various forms of fine art made in small sizes. The author uses the Assembly Technique which in the manufacturing process uses a tool, namely Solder to melt Plastic Waste. Waste is a very important environmental problem, especially in urban areas to create this work, the author uses the Sp. Gustami creation method. The stages of the process of creating a work of art from this method include: 1.Exploration Stage 2. Improvisation/Experimentation Stage 3. Formation/Manifestation Stage. The results of the creation of this Deer miniature statue produced 12 three-dimensional sculptures of various sizes. The process of creating this sculpture began with determining the design, assembling the frame, wrapping plastic around the frame and then melting it, after that forming the details and footing of the statue so that the statue can stand. after that coloring using a spray car, the last step is to give clear to the statue

Water absorption test and compressive strength test were conducted to determine the quality standards of paving blocks. This research was conducted by using a mixture of fly ash, bottom ash and cement. The tests carried out in this study were water absorption test and compressive strength test using 3 compositions of 5%, 8% and 12%. In each composition using 3 samples for testing. Tests were carried out with a vulnerable time between 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The highest water absorption results in the 8% composition with water absorption of 1.467%. The highest compressive strength results in the 8% composition with a compressive strength of 10.479 Mpa.

The implementation of this service program is intended so that the community can contribute to reducing environmental pollution as well as so that the community can also utilize plastic waste into valuable products. East Cempaka Mulia Village is a village located along the Cempaga River, the problem in this village is one of them related to plastic waste. This program aims to encourage residents to utilize waste that produces use value and also provide creative solutions in more sustainable waste management.  The PAR (Participatory Action Research) method is a service approach that focuses on identifying problems in society and finding solutions to them (Problem Solving). The result of the service, namely overcoming plastic waste, is by recycling plastic waste using the ecobrick method, namely utilizing waste through plastic bottles.

Used cooking oil cannot be reused due to its changed physical and chemical structure, or commonly referred to as “minyak jelantah”. Repeated use of minyak jelantah can pose a risk of various diseases. Meanwhile, “minyak jelantah” is included in waste that is difficult to decompose if it is just thrown away. The utilization of used cooking oil into candles is a solution to this problem. Based on research using observation methods in Sarimukti Village residents, and experimental research methods and documentation, minyak jelantah waste can be reduced by being utilized into aromatherapy candles. Based on the organoleptic test, the results show that the color is not suitable, while the shape and smell are suitable based on the concentration of stearic acid and telon oil added. Based on the burn time, the more telon oil added, the faster the candle runs out.

The amount of waste and residual materials produced by human enrichment increases every year along with the increasing population. Empowering household units in managing domestic organic waste has the potential to reduce organic waste, including food waste. In addition to disposing of household organic waste, it can also be used as raw material for making compost. The purpose of this community service activity is to demonstrate liquid organic fertilizer production techniques to the local community and increase public awareness of the benefits of household waste processing. This activity was attended by 20 people from household representatives in Banteng Village, Tersono District, Batang Regency. The demonstration service method implemented was considered effective in terms of the interest and level of innovation of the community in utilizing empty land as a follow-up to making liquid organic fertilizer independently.

The problem of plastic waste is a pressing global issue. In addition, the increase in plastic waste production encourages the search for sustainable management solutions. This study explores the potential of ecobricks as an alternative for managing plastic waste. By converting plastic waste into handicrafts that can be used as photo objects, ecobricks not only reduce the volume of waste but also provide economic added value. This study analyzes the life cycle of ecobricks, from the manufacturing process to their use in construction. The results show that ecobricks have promising potential in reducing the environmental impact of plastic waste and encouraging a circular economy.

Parepare City is located on the coast with significant fisheries and maritime potential. The processing and consumption of shellfish in this city produces a lot of shellfish waste, which is often not utilized and accumulates into an environmental problem. To improve the properties of concrete, several types of additives that have certain functions are added to the concrete mixture, namely increasing the workability, durability, and hardening time of concrete. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of concrete and the composition of coarse aggregate of shells with superplasticizer added materials that are optimally produced. Using an experimental method carried out at the Laboratory of Structure and Materials, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare. The results showed that substitution of coarse aggregate with 5% shellfish waste and 0.5% superplasticizer increased the compressive strength of concrete at the ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. The 10% substitution still meets the compressive strength requirements at 28 days, although slightly lower than normal concrete. Substitution of shells up to 5% increases the compressive strength of concrete, and the 10% content is optimal, reaching the maximum value without significant decline. It is recommended that the use of shells as a substitute for coarse aggregate does not exceed 10% for optimal results and meets the planned compressive strength of 25 MPa.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis edible film dan edible coating sebagai alternatif pengganti kemasan sintetis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review untuk memilih data dari literatur yang tersedia. Data diambil dari berbagai sumber literatur yang ditemukan melalui situs web jurnal internasional seperti Sciencedirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley, dan Elsevier. Edible film dan edible coating merupakan lapisan makanan yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan yang dapat dikonsumsi, berfungsi sebagai penghalang terhadap gas, kelembaban, melindungi produk makanan, dan memperpanjang umur simpan. Edible film dan edible coating dapat menggantikan bahan kimia sintetis yang berbahaya. Bahan pembuatannya dikelompokkan menjadi polisakarida, lipid, dan protein, dengan berbagai sifat yang berbeda-beda. Metode produksi meliputi solvent casting dan extrusion method untuk edible film, serta metode pencelupan dan penyemprotan untuk edible coating. Penerapannya beragam sebagai alternatif kemasan sintetis dalam industri pangan, mengurangi limbah plastik dan polusi global, serta memberikan dampak positif bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa edible film dan edible coating memiliki potensi besar sebagai pengganti kemasan sintetis.

In Mungkung Village, Rejoso District, Nganjuk Regency, KKNT students at the East Java "Veteran" National Development University conducted research to use onion skin waste as raw material for making natural pesticides. The main goal is to reduce people's dependence on chemical pesticides which have negative impacts on health and the environment. The research process was carried out through observation, socialization and demonstration. The results of the activity show that natural pesticides from onion skin waste are effective in controlling plant pests and are safe for the environment because they do not leave dangerous residues. The success of this outreach and demonstration increased public awareness of the importance of using agricultural waste wisely. This activity supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in responsible consumption and production as well as protecting life on land, by reducing the use of chemical pesticides and utilizing organic waste. It is hoped that this waste management model can be widely adopted for more environmentally friendly and efficient agriculture.

This study investigates the potential use of eggshell waste and sugar palm fibers (ijuk) as natural filters for air pollution. Eggshells, rich in calcium carbonate, and ijuk, with its dense fibrous structure, are hypothesized to effectively capture airborne pollutants. An experimental method was employed to create and test filters made from these materials. Results show that the combination of eggshells and ijuk significantly reduces pollutant particle concentrations, providing an environmentally friendly alternative for air filtration.