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A market is a place where buying and selling transactions take place between sellers and buyers at a specific time and place. This definition encompasses several key elements: the presence of sellers, buyers, a specific place and time, and a transaction agreement. Such markets are also known as traditional markets. "Surprise" or "overflow" markets are markets that open suddenly and briefly. "Surprise" or "overflow" markets are increasingly common in various locations. There are many reasons why people enjoy shopping at these markets. One example is the very low prices, especially compared to shopping at supermarkets or malls. Over time, with the increasing demand for basic necessities, the "surprise" market, located along the road in the Vila Mutiara Cikarang housing complex, has also experienced gradual development. The number of traders and buyers has increased, the trading space has expanded, and transaction times have decreased. This "surprise" market is located along the road in the Vila Mutiara Cikarang housing complex, starting from the second block to the end of the road exiting the housing complex. The "surprise" market operates during peak hours, especially in the morning, when this time is not only for market activities but also for many activities such as going to work, school, and other activities.

Sriwijaya 8 Kost is an accommodation business located in Curug Sangereng, Gading Serpong. This business was developed to meet the housing needs of students and workers in the area. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of Sriwijaya 8 Kost based on nine aspects, namely legal aspects, human resource management aspects, market and marketing aspects, technical aspects, consumer behavior aspects, financial aspects, PEST aspects, environmental & industrial aspects, and risk aspects. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results show that the business has great market potential, supported by its strategic location and appropriate consumer segmentation. Technical planning related to facilities, layout, and operations has been well designed to ensure the comfort and safety of residents. Financial analysis shows that the business is feasible with a BEP of 3 rooms per month, a payback period of 7.7 years, an IRR of 5.023%, and an ROI of 129.5%. External factors such as government policies and high demand for housing further strengthen the feasibility of the business. Overall, Sriwijaya 8 Kost is deemed viable for operation and development, with a need for continuous improvement in legality, financial record-keeping, service quality, and risk mitigation.

 Communicable diseases remain one of the leading public health burdens in Indonesia, particularly in densely populated residential areas and communities with inadequate sanitation. Poor housing conditions including insufficient ventilation, overcrowding, excessive humidity, inadequate lighting, and improper waste and wastewater management have been shown to increase the risk of respiratory infections, diarrhea, and other environment-related diseases. This literature review aims to identify effective environmental health strategies for preventing communicable diseases by synthesizing findings from 11 scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025. The review shows that basic sanitation, indoor air quality, waste management, and the implementation of the Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) program are key determinants in reducing disease incidence. Additionally, successful interventions depend heavily on clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) and active community participation. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach that integrates physical environmental improvements, health education, and community empowerment to create healthy settlements and sustainably reduce the risk of communicable diseases.

The livestock sector in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, has great potential but is often threatened by outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), which cause significant economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the FMD control policies implemented by the Gowa Regency Government based on William Dunn's six policy evaluation criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The study used a qualitative approach with primary data collected through in-depth interviews with key informants from the Livestock and Animal Health Division of the Gowa Regency Livestock and Plantation Service and supporting data from various literature. The findings show that the FMD control policy is effective in achieving zero cases, but efficiency is hampered by limited medical personnel (only two veterinarians) and operational budget dependence entirely on the Central Government. Vaccine adequacy is a pull sistem (demand-driven) and compensation distribution is carried out fairly. Community responsiveness increased after severe losses, and policy accuracy was considered most optimal in the implementation of biosecurity and sanitation while promoting vaccination. As a recommendation, the Gowa Government needs to recruit contract workers in the field of animal health, allocate funds for the procurement of operational vehicles and equipment to support laboratory facilities, and issue a Regent Regulation that strictly regulates the implementation of biosecurity and livestock housing patterns in high-risk areas.

The rapid pace of housing development in Bogor has created a gap with the provision of formal infrastructure, which has encouraged the emergence of community-led self-help road initiatives. While capable of addressing urgent connectivity needs, these road formations often ignore essential design standards, particularly those related to circulation and environmental context. This study focuses on a specific challenge in Bogor, namely high rainfall ("force of nature"), which contributes to road degradation, causing flooding, and reducing user comfort. Adopting a descriptive qualitative method, this study analyzes the existing self-help access conditions through field observations and a literature review focusing on Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) principles and circulation theory. Field findings confirm that the current design fails to manage surface runoff, resulting in low infiltration and the emergence of functional space conflicts (e.g., for parking and social activities). As a solution, this study proposes an integrated design demonstration that combines porous materials and micro-drainage to manage the force of nature, thereby improving circulation comfort and supporting active living for residents.

The increase in the population of Medan City has a direct impact on the increasing demand for housing and settlements, which is not always in line with environmental carrying capacity and the fulfillment of livable housing standards. Residential buildings contribute significantly to energy and water consumption, as well as environmental degradation, thus requiring a sustainable design approach. This study aims to formulate criteria and principles for the design of simple, livable houses by applying the concept of green buildings. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a focus on the design of class 1a residential buildings. The study was conducted through a review of relevant regulations and standards, including the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing's Green Building principles, the GREENSHIP Homes assessment system by the Green Building Council Indonesia, and livable housing indicators from the North Sumatra II Housing Provision Implementation Center. The results of the study show that the application of green building concepts in Small Houses can be realized through proper site management, optimization of natural lighting and ventilation, efficient use of energy and water, sustainable waste and wastewater management, and the selection of environmentally friendly building materials. The application of these principles can produce Small Houses that not only meet livable standards but also contribute to environmental sustainability.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the subsidized housing program for low-income communities in Pekanbaru City. The background of this research stems from the high demand for decent housing among low-income groups and the government’s challenge in ensuring equitable access to affordable housing. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative with a policy study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with officials from the Department of Public Housing and Settlement Areas, housing developers, banking institutions, and program beneficiaries. Field observations and documentation were also conducted to strengthen data validity. The results show that the implementation of the subsidized housing program in Pekanbaru City has been in line with national policies, yet its effectiveness remains suboptimal. This condition is influenced by insufficient policy dissemination, limited strategic land availability, inaccurate targeting of beneficiaries, and weak supervision mechanisms. On the other hand, supporting factors such as regulatory support, partnerships with the private sector, and accessible financing through subsidized home ownership loans have contributed to the program’s success. In conclusion, the effectiveness of program implementation can be improved through stronger inter-agency synergy, transparency of beneficiary data, and institutional capacity building so that the goal of equitable access to decent housing for low-income communities can be sustainably achieved.

Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in the working area of Mulyorejo Public Health Center, where an aluminum factory is located, rank first among the ten most common diseases. This study aims to analyze the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and PM2.5 exposure on ARI complaints in the aluminum factory area of Payageli Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The cross-sectional observational study involved 160 housewives living within a radius of 10–1500 meters from the factory’s chimney. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Results showed that 58.1% of respondents experienced ARI symptoms in the past month. The average ambient (outdoor) PM2.5 concentration measured from three sampling points was 12.3 µg/m³, which did not exceed the WHO standard (<15 µg/m³). The highest concentration was recorded in the southern direction (15.5 µg/m³). Bivariate analysis indicated that education (p = 0.010), direction of house location (p = 0.001), and indoor PM2.5 concentration (p = 0.006) were significantly associated with ARI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the most dominant factor influencing ARI was indoor PM2.5 concentration (p = 0.039), followed by education (p = 0.013) and direction of house location (p = 0.001). This study provides a scientific basis for air quality control and housing environment improvement to reduce the risk of environmentally related diseases in industrial zones.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the comparison of sensory characteristics between original putu ayu cake and a variant with a 25% substitution of kale leaf flour. The substitution of kale leaf flour is expected to serve as a natural alternative for coloring while also improving the cake's nutritional value. This research utilized a quantitative experimental approach, involving organoleptic testing with 62 panelists from the Brangsong Baru Housing. The panelists evaluated four sensory aspects: aroma, color, taste, and texture. The results from the organoleptic tests showed that substituting kale leaf flour positively influenced the aroma of the putu ayu cake without compromising its texture. However, the color and taste still require improvements to enhance the overall consumer acceptance of the cake. These findings highlight the potential of kale leaf flour as a functional ingredient in traditional cakes, offering a healthier alternative while maintaining the sensory qualities that consumers expect.

This study examines and provides a descriptive analysis of Omah Pulung, a residential house located in Banyumanik, Semarang City, Central Java. The focus of the research is directed at the application of a minimalist architectural style that emphasizes simplicity of form, spatial efficiency, and aesthetic aspects that are in harmony with the characteristics of the building. The principles of minimalist architecture are applied through the selection of simple but functional materials, optimal natural lighting arrangements, and air circulation systems that are suitable for Indonesia's tropical climate. The research method uses a qualitative approach with observation, documentation, and descriptive analysis techniques to explore the physical and functional characteristics of the house. The results of the study show that Omah Pulung successfully represents the principle of minimalism through simple geometric shapes, efficient use of space, and natural lighting that supports the comfort of residents. In addition, good air circulation strengthens the adaptation of the house to tropical climatic conditions so that healthy and sustainable housing is created. This research contributes to the understanding of the application of minimalist architecture in the local context, as well as a reference for the development of residential design that is environmentally friendly and according to the needs of urban communities in Indonesia.

The limited urban land in Greater Jakarta demands the emergence of a residential approach that is more adaptive to the growing needs of space. This study examines the application of the concept of a growing house in the residence of Rumah Swatantra by Studio Dasar. The research method uses a qualitative-descriptive approach through literature studies and direct interviews with the designer architects. The results of the study show that the application of modular patterns and concrete hollow infill structure systems provides the flexibility of space growth without the need to dismantle the basic structure. The process of space growth occurred gradually following the development of the family from 2017 to 2024, and showed that the quality of space can still be maintained even though the building is built in stages. These findings confirm that the concept of growing houses can be an alternative strategy for sustainable housing in urban areas that experience limited land. In addition, this study highlights the importance of careful spatial planning from the early stages of development so that spatial expansion can be carried out efficiently, measurably, and in harmony with the needs of residents. This approach not only improves the comfort and functionality of the space, but also minimizes construction waste and future renovation costs.

Salah satu bentuk pengolahan limbah menjadi energi yang berasal dari limbah padat perkotaan adalah sampah bahan bakar turunan atau Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). Terdapat berbagai teknologi pengeringan yang biasanya digunakan untuk pengeringan RDF. Contoh penerapannya adalah oil tube rotary dryer sebagai alternatif dari steam tube rotary dryer karena sejumlah alasan utama. Pertama, penggunaan oil engine sebagai material penghantar panas tidak membutuhkan tekanan tinggi seperti pada steam tube rotary dryer sehingga komposisi desain yang tidak serumit steam tube rotary dryer. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perancangan dan analisis kekuatan struktur mesin oil tube rotary dryer yang dilakukan melalui software Solidworks. Cara kerja mesin dimulai dari pemanasan thermal oil di unit pemanas hingga mencapai suhu operasi yang diinginkan. Oil panas kemudian disirkulasikan secara tertutup ke dalam tube di dalam drum pengering. Pada saat yang sama, RDF dengan kadar air awal 55% dimasukkan melalui inlet housing ke dalam shell. Suhu yang bekerja pada oil untuk memanaskan sekitar 150°C, jumlah total tube 65 buah berdiameter 1,25 inch, dan panjang pipa 10 m yang tersusun di dalam shell. Hasil analisis struktur mesin oil tube rotary dryer berdasarkan simulasi didapatkan stress (von mises) dengan nilai tertinggi 9,371 × 108 N/m^2. Sedangkan nilai terendah 9,628 × 103 N/m^2. Nilai tertinggi dari hasil simulasi tersebut terjadi pada sudut tajam bagian support roller yang tidak terdapat kontak, sehingga hal ini dapat diabaikan karena merupakan stress singularity. Hasil simulasi displacement  dengan  nilai tertinggi 1,026 × 101 N/m^2. Sedangkan nilai terendah 1,000 × 10-30 N/m^2. Nilai tertinggi dari hasil simulasi tersebut merupakan penerapan dari gaya centrifugal yang terjadi pada drum/shell rotary. Hasil simulasi Safety factor yaitu mengacu pada rata-rata probe result adalah 2,3. Sehingga dari hasil simula

This study aims to analyze the performance of a simple cooling device based on a fan and ice to improve thermal comfort in the female dormitory rooms of Pondok Pesantren Darunnaja, Bengkulu. The research used an experimental quantitative approach involving temperature and humidity measurements as well as perception data collected through Likert-scale questionnaires. The experiment was conducted in six dormitory rooms measuring 3 × 3 meters. The results indicated that the device was capable of reducing room temperature by approximately 3–5°C and increasing relative humidity to a moderate level. About 70% of respondents reported an improvement in thermal comfort after using the device. Although the cooling effect was not optimal, the fan-and-ice-based system proved effective in creating a more comfortable indoor thermal environment. This simple cooling technology is cost-efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for application in dormitory or low-cost housing environments.

Unpredictable climate fluctuations are now a challenge to the survival of livestock, one of the largest food commodities in Kalimantan. As one of Indonesia's largest island, straddled by the equator, has a tropical climate that frequently experiences culmination phenomena due to year-round sunlight. This study aims to analyze livestock suitable for breeding in Kalimantan, considering various criteria from a reproductive perspective. This review integrates recent empirical studies and regional data to evaluate reproductive responses, adaptive physiology, and management strategies of tropical cattle under the environmental stressors typical of Kalimantan. Data collection will present various data on livestock in extreme hot environments from various parts of the world, which can reproduce well as a reference for adoption in Kalimantan. The novelty of this study lies in its synthesis of tropical reproductive physiology with practical interventions specific to Kalimantan’s humid equatorial environment. Recommended adaptive strategies include selective breeding for heat-tolerant genotypes, nutritional fulfillment, water supply, and thermal housing management. Collectively, these measures strengthen the resilience of tropical cattle production systems, improving food security and sustainability under climate variability.

 The development of major cities in Indonesia, including Medan, is inseparable from complex social, economic, and political dynamics. This transformation often leads to a mismatch between the city's image and its local identity, reduced access to adequate housing, and the decline of public open spaces, particularly in urban fringe areas such as Pulo Brayan. In fact, public spaces play a crucial role in supporting social interaction and ecological functions within a city. This study focuses on the importance of redesigning public space in the Pulo Brayan area using a sustainable architectural approach. The main objective is to create a public space that can address social, economic, and environmental challenges in an integrated manner. The proposed design emphasizes the integration of historical values, active community participation, and ecological functionality to support the realization of sustainable cities, in line with the principles of Sustainable Cities and Communities. Thus, this design is expected to serve as a contextual, inclusive, and sustainable model for public space regeneration.

This study aims to determine the effect of training and work motivation on the performance of employees at the Jambi Province Public Works and Public Housing Agency. The background of this research is the decline in employee performance target achievements, which is influenced by budget constraints, limited training opportunities, and low work motivation due to a lack of recognition and organizational support. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and a case study, conducted on employees of the Public Works and Public Housing Agency of Jambi Province. The results show that training has a positive and significant effect on improving employee performance. Training not only serves as a means of instruction but also as a tool for developing employee skills and competencies. Conversely, work motivation has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance, which is influenced by unmet needs for security, recognition, and encouragement to achieve goals. However, simultaneously, training and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This study concludes that effective training management and appropriate motivational strategies are crucial for improving the performance of employees at the Public Works and Public Housing Agency of Jambi Province.

This study aims to understand and analyze the diminishing partnership (musyarakah mutanaqisah) financing products in Islamic banking in Indonesia. This research is qualitative and uses a Systematic Literature Review approach by examining various journals from 2020 to 2024 on Google Scholar with the Publish or Perish software. The results indicate that the presence of the musyarakah mutanaqisah contract can be the best solution for property ownership for the community. The demand for housing is currently increasing. The implementation of Musyarakah Mutanaqisah can be a solution for the community in meeting their requirements; however, there are many aspects of the musyarakah mutanaqisah contract that must be understood to ensure that this product operates well in Indonesia. This contract also requires coordinated and comprehensive administrative support.

Settlements are an important aspect in regional development, where settlements reflct human activities in fulfilling basic needs for housing. Wai Mhorock Village is one of the administrative villages located in Abepura District, Jayapura City. Based on Regional Regulation No. 18 of 2006 this study aims to analyze and examine the settlement patterns developing in this village and to identify whether population factors are the main influence on settlement distribution, or whether other factors play a role. The research method used is descriptive quantitative. Data collection was carried out through comprehensive field observation, documentation, in-depth interviews and data processing using applications such as ArcGIS, SPSS, or Excel.The results of this study show that the settlement distribution in Wai Mhorock Village is categorized as dispersed. This pattern occurs due to various factors, and based on regression results, it was found that population variables—such as those not yet working and those already employed—significantly influence the Y coefficient. From these findings, it is expected that policies can be formulated to enhance regional development and to address issues within Wai Mhorock Village.

This study, entitled Analysis of Budget Realization Report in the Road and Bridge Division of the Public Works and Housing Office of Jambi Province, aims to analyze the Budget Realization Report (LRA) and assess the effectiveness and efficiency of budget utilization during the 2021–2023 period. The research employs a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, financial report documentation, and observation, using purposive sampling techniques. The findings indicate that revenue realization was categorized as effective, with achievement ratios of 96.90% in 2021, 96.70% in 2022, and 96.24% in 2023. Meanwhile, expenditure realization was classified as highly efficient, with ratios of 17.91% in 2021, 11.67% in 2022, and 16.87% in 2023. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the budget management of the Road and Bridge Division at the Public Works and Housing Office of Jambi Province was both effective and highly efficient throughout the study period, and it may serve as a valuable reference for improving infrastructure budget management at the regional level.

This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality and location on housing purchase decisions at Shafira Residence Kediri. The research problem focuses on how product quality and location can affect consumers in making purchase decisions. This study employs a quantitative method with questionnaires distributed to respondents and data analysis conducted through validity tests, reliability tests, t-tests, F-tests, and multiple linear regression using SPSS 25. The results indicate that product quality has a significant partial effect on purchase decisions. This means that the better the quality of the product offered, the higher the consumer’s interest in purchasing a house at Shafira Residence. Similarly, the location variable shows a significant partial effect on purchase decisions, where accessibility and strategic positioning serve as key factors. Simultaneously, product quality and location significantly influence purchase decisions, with an F-test value of 10.727 (significance < 0.001) and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.671, indicating that the two independent variables explain 67.1% of the variation in purchase decisions. The conclusion of this study is that product quality and location are important factors influencing consumer purchase decisions at Shafira Residence Kediri. Therefore, developers need to improve housing product quality, ensure timely completion of construction, and enhance road access to the location in order to attract more consumers.