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Flooding is one of the most recurrent natural disasters in Central Java Province, particularly during the rainy season. Diverse geographical characteristics, high rainfall intensity, and rapid urban development contribute to the region’s high vulnerability to flood hazards. According to the Central Java Statistics Agency, a total of 414 flood events and 407,784 affected victims were recorded between 2019 and 2021. This study aims to develop a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) capable of mapping the spatial distribution and impact levels of floods across Central Java. The methodology includes collecting flood event data from the Central Java Statistics Agency, processing spatial data such as administrative boundary shapefiles, performing attribute integration between spatial and non-spatial datasets, and creating thematic maps using QGIS. The visualization outputs were exported into an interactive web format using the qgis2web plugin and subsequently integrated into a website developed with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The results show that the GIS system successfully visualizes flood-prone areas, identifies regions with high flood intensity, and enables users to explore detailed information through interactive digital maps. Additional website features—such as historical flood data, statistical summaries, and descriptive impact indicators—enhance the system's usefulness for disaster analysis. This study demonstrates the crucial role of GIS in supporting disaster mitigation, spatial planning, and policy evaluation related to flood management. Future research is recommended to incorporate more recent datasets and additional non-spatial variables such as rainfall intensity and floodwater depth to improve the system’s analytical accuracy and comprehensiveness.

Managing Regional Public Service Agency (Badan Layanan Umum Daerah/BLUD) hospitals requires planning and budgeting processes that are accountable, measurable, and aligned with service performance. In practice, BLUD planning is still constrained by fragmented applications (hospital information system/SIMRS, finance, human resources, e-office, and procurement), duplicate data entry, approval delays, and limited monitoring of process compliance. This study aims to analyze requirements and design a web-based BLUD planning information system using an Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) approach through middleware to improve cross-system interoperability, data consistency, and the timeliness of executive reporting. The study adopts the Design Science Research (DSR) framework, comprising problem identification, definition of solution objectives, artifact design and development, demonstration, evaluation, and communication/report writing. The proposed system includes a unit-based budget proposal module and item management, a role-based approval workflow (RBAC) with SLA tracking, a budget ceiling (pagu) master to benchmark proposals, audit trails and report exports, and an executive dashboard integrating budget perspectives, service indicators (e.g., bed occupancy rate/BOR and patient visits), and process compliance. It also provides an integration design via middleware (ESB/message broker) supported by a canonical data model (CDM) and traceable logging (trace_id/correlation_id). Evaluation using black-box testing and API contract testing indicates that the main planning workflow operates as intended and the integration interfaces are consistently defined, providing a foundation for staged implementation and further performance evaluation.

The principle of comparative advantage explains that every country or society, like individuals, can gain benefits from their trade activities by exporting goods or services in which they have a major comparative advantage and importing goods or services in which they do not. Based on the law of comparative advantage, even though a country may be less efficient (having an absolute disadvantage) compared to other countries in the production process, the structure of industrial performance can be seen through the analysis of industrial sector behavior analyzed through various strategies such as Price, Product, and promotion. The theory of comparative advantage related to the exchange of goods is relevant as long as the traded goods are still useful. In other words, Performance is defined as the result of activities influenced by the structure and behavior within the industrial sector, where these results are often measured by the size of a company's market share or profitability in an industry. In more detail, performance can also be reflected in the form of efficiency, development (including market expansion), job creation, employee welfare, and a sense of group pride.

This study used a qualitative approach with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) as the data collection technique. This study examined the institutional factors causing long dwelling times at Tanjung Emas Port and mitigation efforts. The analysis revealed that the main root of the problem lies in the lengthy administrative and goods inspection (customs) processes, particularly in the red, yellow, and green inspection lanes. Obstacles include the lack of data integration (such as PIB and SPPB dates) between the Semarang Container Terminal (TPKS) and Customs, as well as incomplete documents by service users. A significant impact was felt on imports, where dwelling times were longer due to complicated quarantine and customs inspections, while exports were relatively unaffected.

This study examines the factors influencing Indonesia’s motor vehicle exports to nine developing countries using the gravity model approach with long-term and short-term panel data. The variables analyzed include the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of partner countries, exchange rates, economic distance, and trade cooperation agreements. The data are analyzed using the Error Correction Model (ECM) to capture short-term dynamics and long-term relationships. The long-term results show that partner countries’ GDP has a significant positive effect on Indonesia’s vehicle exports, indicating that economic growth in partner countries increases demand for Indonesian automotive products. Conversely, exchange rates and economic distance have significant negative effects, suggesting that depreciation of partner currencies and economic disparities reduce export volumes. Trade cooperation agreements do not have a significant impact in the long term. In the short term, changes in GDP continue to have a significant positive effect, while exchange rates maintain a significant negative impact on exports. Economic distance and trade agreements are not significant in the short term. The significant and negative error correction term (ECT) confirms the existence of an adjustment mechanism toward long-term equilibrium. This study highlights the importance of partner countries’ economic growth and exchange rate stability in supporting Indonesia’s vehicle exports to developing countries, as well as the need to address structural barriers to improve long-term competitiveness.

Economic growth is the process of increasing a country's production capacity to generate goods and services over a specific period, reflecting the income and well-being of its people. This research aims to analyse the influence of labor, exchange rates, and exports on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the manufacturing sector in Indonesia during the period 2010-2024. The method used is multiple linear regression analysis with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach, using secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Bank Indonesia (BI). The research results indicate that all three independent variables, namely labor, exchange rate, and exports, have a positive and significant impact on the GDP of the manufacturing sector, both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R2) value of 0.9633 indicates that 96.33% of the variation in industrial sector GDP can be explained by these three variables, while 3.76% is influenced by factors outside the model. This research confirms that increased labour productivity, exchange rate stability, and export growth play an important role in strengthening the performance of the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. Therefore, policies focused on improving the quality of human resources, strengthening export competitiveness, and ensuring macroeconomic stability are needed to support the sustainable and globally competitive growth of the manufacturing sector.

Indonesia ranks second as the world’s largest fishery-producing country. However, this potential contrasts with the relatively small and stagnant contribution of fishery exports to the GDP each year when compared to other export commodities in the agricultural sector. This study aims to determine the export competitiveness of fisheries and the effect of Indonesia’s GDP, the GDP of destination countries, Indonesia’s population growth rate, the population growth rate of destination countries, and economic distance simultaneously and partially on the value of Indonesia’s fishery exports to 20 destination countries. This research uses panel data, consisting of cross-section and time series data for the period 2018–2022. The data analysis technique employs panel data regression with the assistance of the Eviews-12 analysis tool. The results show that Indonesia’s GDP, the GDP of destination countries, Indonesia’s population growth rate, the population growth rate of destination countries, and economic distance simultaneously have an effect on Indonesia’s fishery exports. The population growth rate of destination countries has no effect on fishery exports, while economic distance has a significant negative effect on Indonesia’s fishery exports.

Muaro Jambi Regency is one of the main centers of smallholder oil palm plantations that plays an important role in the economy of Jambi Province through its contribution to crude palm oil (CPO) exports and tax revenues. This study aims to analyze farmer characteristics and the effects of land area (X1), plant age (X2), forest and land fire impacts (X3), labor (X4), and fertilizer use (X5) on the production of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of smallholder oil palm in Kumpeh District. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with primary data collected through a survey of 139 respondents and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25. The results show that the average characteristics of farmers include an age of 44 years, an average of 2 dependents, land area of 2 hectares, plant age of 10 years, high fire impact scores, labor use of 2 workers, fertilizer use of 1,120 kg, and production of 20,000 kg. The regression results indicate that land area, plant age, and fertilizer use have a significant effect on production, while labor and forest and land fires do not have a significant effect on smallholder oil palm production.

This study aims to describe students' perceptions of the impact of international trade on national development strategies amidst economic globalization. In this context, cross-border trade plays an important role in accelerating economic growth and improving the competitiveness of domestic products. Students' understanding, as part of the generation that will drive the future economy, is crucial to assess the extent to which they perceive the relationship between international trade and national development. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with data collection techniques through the distribution of questionnaires to economics students. The findings show that the majority of students have a positive perception of the contribution of international trade, especially in terms of increasing exports, absorbing foreign investments, and creating job opportunities. However, a small proportion of respondents also noted the risks of dependency on global markets, which could affect domestic economic stability. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of international trade in supporting sustainable and inclusive national development, balancing the benefits of globalization with domestic economic protection.

In the development of technology like now Korean culture is quite dominating the market, not only the Indonesian market but the international market. Various kinds of products from South Korea dominate the world market ranging from fashion, makeup, skincare and culture. In its intelligence in managing exports to neighboring countries, South Korea has received international attention regarding its fall and rise in economic history, or it can be known as the “Asian Tiger”.  The method used in this research is a descriptive research method that describes, records and obtains information on the current situation. The phenomenon that exists today occurs because of globalization. South Korea has intelligence in managing the economic sector so that it is able to join the World Economic Development Organization or known as the OECD. In this phenomenon that occurs, it is very good to be studied by the younger generation as an effort to prevent negative impacts that are very easy to occur in the next generation of Indonesia.

The downstreaming of natural resources has emerged as a strategic policy implemented by the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs to strengthen Indonesia’s economic independence and reduce reliance on raw commodity exports. Grounded in the philosophical foundation of Pancasila, this policy emphasizes the principles of economic equality, national sovereignty, and sustainability, in line with the overarching goals of national development. This study aims to analyze the role of industrial downstreaming policies in enhancing national economic self-reliance through the integration of Pancasila values. Substantively, downstreaming increases value-added production, boosts domestic investment, and facilitates job creation, particularly in the mineral processing and agro-industrial sectors. Moreover, the policy contributes to reducing economic vulnerability to global market fluctuations and aligns with the Pancasila principles of social justice and collective welfare. However, several challenges remain, including infrastructure readiness, environmental sustainability, and inclusive participation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The research indicates that the industrial downstream sector, as regulated by the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, plays a crucial role in realizing national economic autonomy, requiring its implementation to be aligned with Pancasila principles in order to balance economic progress with equity and sustainability.

The development of the digital economy has driven major changes in consumer behavior, from traditional transactions to online interactions. These changes present both challenges and opportunities for businesses, particularly in the e-commerce sector, where consumer trust, data privacy, and digital technology adoption are important factors in decision-making. This study aims to map global trends in online consumer behavior research in the context of the digital economy using bibliometric analysis. Data was collected from the Scopus database using the keyword “online consumer behavior” for the period 2020-2025. The dataset was exported in CSV format and analyzed using VOSviewer and R Studio (Biblioshiny). The analysis included annual publication trends, identification of authors, journals, countries, as well as keyword mapping and citation networks. The results show a significant increase in publications after 2020, with China, the United States, and India as the main contributors. Keyword mapping reveals four research clusters: consumer trust and data privacy, e-commerce and digital platform adoption, consumer experience and personalization, and social commerce and social media influence. These findings confirm a growing research focus on issues of digital trust and opportunities for utilizing new technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global trends in online consumer behavior and an important contribution to academics, practitioners, and policymakers.

This study analyzes the influence of internal operational variables—Process, Service Quality, and Facilities—on the Export Performance of PT. Panah Perdana Logisindo, a freight forwarding company in Semarang. Maritime logistics plays a crucial role in national competitiveness, but company performance often faces challenges amidst the complexity of global supply chains . Employing a quantitative approach with a sample of 100 export service users, multiple linear regression analysis indicates that all three independent variables positively and significantly affect Export Performance (Y). The results reveal that Process has the most dominant influence (\beta=0.309), followed closely by Facilities (\beta=0.302) and Service Quality (\beta=0.255). The model explains 53.0% of the variance in the company's Export Performance (Raja Ferry, 2025 2). These findings confirm the necessity of strengthening micro-operational aspects (efficient procedures, robust networks, and staff professionalism) as a core strategy for enhancing profitability and customer loyalty amidst macro-logistical challenges in Indonesia.

The Free Trade Zone (FTZ) in Tanjung Pinang, established in 2008 along with the Sabang, Karimun, and Bintan zones under Government Regulation No. 41 of 2021, offers several strategic advantages. Its presence provides attractive opportunities for investors through various incentives designed to stimulate regional economic growth. The FTZ concept encourages export-oriented foreign investment and relies on strong infrastructure development to ensure that investors receive efficient and reliable services. Tax exemptions also serve as a major incentive, motivating investors to allocate their capital and thereby contributing to economic expansion. Investment activities play an essential role in accelerating national economic development and supporting both political and economic sovereignty. Through increased investment, a country can better utilize its economic potential and transform it into real economic strength, using both domestic and foreign capital. This allows developing regions to progress toward achieving levels of economic advancement comparable to more developed areas. Ports are a key element in attracting investors, as they help reduce export-related costs, especially taxes that are often relatively high. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Based on policy indicators, the establishment of the Bintan FTZ has not yet been fully effective, as many areas within the region still require further development.

This community service (PKM) aims to improve the English language competency of students of SMK Negeri 3 Palangka Raya specifically English For Specific Purpose (ESP). The increasingly global needs of the fashion and textile industry, both for export and import and interaction with foreign clients, require graduates to have English communication skills that are not only general, but also specific according to the terminology of design, production, and marketing of fashion products. The methods used are interactive training, and Role-Play simulations, and direct practical assistance with a focus on design presentations, negotiations with clients or suppliers, and technical terminology for sewing patterns in English. The results of the PKM show an average increase in specific vocabulary mastery of 25% as well as a significant increase in student self-confidence in using English for work scenarios, as well as a better understanding of professional terms in the field of Fashion Design. This activity is recommended to be continued as a regular school program to bridge the gap between the general English curriculum and the demands of actual work competencies in the fashion industry

Cocoa farming is one of the plantation subsectors that plays a strategic role in Indonesia’s economy, as it contributes to increasing farmers’ income, national exports, and the development of the chocolate processing industry. Indonesia is recognized as one of the world’s largest cocoa producers, with major production areas located in Sulawesi, particularly South Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi. However, the sustainability of cocoa farming still faces various challenges, such as low crop productivity, the use of low-quality seedlings, suboptimal cultivation techniques, and the presence of pests and plant diseases. In addition, limited access to capital and the low level of farmers’ financial management skills also affect the sustainability of cocoa farming. Many farmers do not yet have proper farm financial record-keeping systems, making it difficult to manage production costs, cash flow, and farm capital planning. In this context, financial literacy becomes an important factor that can help farmers manage their farming activities more effectively and sustainably. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy on the sustainability of cocoa farming and farmers’ welfare. The research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 120 cocoa farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency (Sidrap), South Sulawesi. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews and then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on farm financial management and the sustainability of agricultural businesses. Farmers with higher levels of financial literacy tend to manage farm capital more effectively, maintain proper financial records, and improve farm productivity. Therefore, improving financial literacy can become

This study aims to determine and analyze the development and influence of exports, exchange rates, inflation, and GRDP on the exchange rate of smallholder plantation farmers in Jambi Province. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis for the period 2009-2024 in Jambi Province. The development of exports, exchange rates, inflation, and GRDP fluctuates annually. Where the average development of exports in Jambi Province in 2009-2024 was 15.22%, the average development of exchange rates was 3.06%, the average development of inflation was 49.07%, the average development of GRDP was 6.22% and the average development of the exchange rate of smallholder plantation farmers in Jambi Province was 4.57%. The results of the study using multiple linear regression resulted in the finding that the variables of exports, exchange rates, inflation, and GRDP simultaneously influenced the exchange rate of smallholder plantation farmers in Jambi Province in 2009-2024. Meanwhile, partially, the export, exchange rate, and inflation variables have a negative effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the smallholder plantation sub-sector in Jambi Province, while the GRDP variable has a substantial positive effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the smallholder plantation sub-sector in Jambi Province in 2009-2024.

This study aims to analyse the strategies implemented by Kopi Kenangan MSMEs, particularly the branch at Jl. Pancing No. 184 Medan, in facing the challenges of globalisation and penetrating the international market. The method used is a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that Kopi Kenangan is well prepared to compete in the global market through strengthening internal management, utilising digital technology, and building a brand image based on Indonesian coffee identity. The expansion strategies implemented include selecting markets with cultural proximity, adapting products to local preferences, and collaborating with international partners. The main obstacles faced include competition with global brands, differences in consumer tastes, financial constraints, and export regulations. However, business opportunities remain wide open in line with the increasing global coffee consumption trend, interest in authentic local products, and government support in promoting and facilitating MSMEs. This study concludes that the success of MSME internationalisation is largely determined by the synergy between internal company quality, digitalisation, partnership networks, and external support from the government.

The 2020–2024 period is a crucial time for the Indonesian economy, which is facing severe pressure due to the COVID-19 pandemic and global economic dynamics. This study aims to analyze the development of the national economic condition over the past five years through key macroeconomic indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), forest area, industrial sector contribution, high-tech exports, domestic credit, trade in goods, and gross national income per capita (GNI per capita). The method used is descriptive quantitative based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and secondary sources from national and international institutions. The results show that despite a contraction in 2020 due to the pandemic, the recovery process has been rapid since 2021, with stable economic growth in the range of 5% until 2024. Increased GNI per capita, improved foreign investment flows, and the expansion of economic digitalization are key factors strengthening national resilience. However, challenges remain, such as a decline in the industrial sector's contribution and a reduction in forest area. These findings confirm that Indonesia's economic development is moving toward a structural transformation oriented toward sustainability, sector diversification, and social inclusiveness. Overall, the 2020–2024 period reflects a phase of recovery and restructuring of the economic foundations toward achieving the Vision of a Golden Indonesia 2045 with global competitiveness.

This study examines Indonesia's national interests in BRICS membership for the national economy in 2023–2024. Indonesia has officially announced its readiness to join BRICS, which emphasizes the principles of free and active participation and a multipolar orientation in the global economy. This study aims to analyze how Indonesia's involvement in economic cooperation forums for developing countries such as BRICS can influence the direction of development and national economic interests, both in terms of opportunities and risks. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach using literature study and interviews. The theories used are Neoliberal Institutionalism, Regional Economic Integration, and National Interest as the basis for explaining Indonesia's involvement in international cooperation. The results show that Indonesia's membership in BRICS has the potential to expand access to development financing through the New Development Bank (NDB), strengthen trade and investment with BRICS member countries, and enhance leading sectors such as the manufacturing industry and agriculture, which have shown significant export increases, especially to BRICS member countries. However, there are risks that must be anticipated, such as the dominance of large countries in BRICS, the potential for new economic dependencies, and geopolitical friction with Western countries. BRICS membership can be an opportunity for Indonesia's national development if managed carefully, selectively, and with a focus on long-term interests.