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This study aims to analyze the implementation of election-level simplification from a legal perspective to overcome the waste of election resources and costs. Elections in Indonesia have faced various challenges, including waste in excessive paper usage, overlapping stages, and inefficient budget allocations. These inefficiencies not only burden the General Elections Commission (KPU) but also affect the effectiveness and transparency of the democratic process. Simplification of election levels is expected to be an effective solution to reduce the administrative and material burdens that hinder the implementation of elections. By streamlining the structure and reducing redundant stages, election organizers can focus more on quality, security, and public participation. This study uses a normative juridical approach by analyzing relevant laws and regulations, such as Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, as well as various policies and proposals related to election-level simplification. The analysis also includes legal principles such as efficiency, effectiveness, and legal certainty. Furthermore, the study examines how other democratic countries manage election logistics efficiently to draw lessons that can be contextualized in Indonesia. The results of this study are expected to provide concrete policy recommendations that support the implementation of simplified election systems. These recommendations are aimed at optimizing the election process by minimizing waste, both in terms of budget and the use of natural and human resources, while maintaining the integrity and legitimacy of the democratic process. Thus, this study contributes to the discourse on election reform and democratic strengthening in Indonesia.

The principle of popular sovereignty is a fundamental foundation of the Indonesian democratic system, as stated in Article 1, Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. Popular sovereignty emphasizes the importance of the people's right to choose and be chosen in general elections (Pemilu) and regional elections (Pilkada), which serve as the source of legitimacy for a legitimate government. This sovereignty should reflect democratic values that are just and equal. However, in practice, the implementation of popular sovereignty through elections is often tarnished by money politics, which threatens the integrity of democracy itself. This phenomenon indicates a profound distortion of democratic principles, where the election process is more driven by material interests than by political aspirations and ideologies. Money politics not only undermines the quality of elections but also diminishes public trust in the democratic process. This practice allows voters to sell their votes in exchange for money or goods, leading to electoral injustice. It transforms general elections and regional elections from an ideal democratic process into a contest reliant on financial resources, rather than on the quality of the leaders chosen. This article aims to analyze the contradiction between the constitutional ideal of popular sovereignty and the reality of money politics in the administration of general elections and regional elections. This study employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis techniques to explore how current laws have guaranteed the implementation of popular sovereignty. The findings indicate that although the legal framework provides protection for the principle of popular sovereignty, weak law enforcement and the persistent transactional political culture hinder its substantial realization. As a solution, this article recommends several strategic steps, including strengthening regulations to limit money politics, reforming the party system to reduce the dominance of practical politics, and enhancing political education based on democratic values and integrity. With these measures, the principle of popular sovereignty can be more purely and consistently upheld, ultimately strengthening Indonesia’s democratic system to be fair and sustainable.

Regional Head Elections (Pilkada) are democratic processes conducted to elect Governors and Deputy Governors, Regents and Deputy Regents, as well as Mayors and Deputy Mayors. The General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) is the authorized institution responsible for overseeing the implementation of elections, including their various stages. Campaigning is an integral component of the election process, during which candidates utilize campaign props (Alat Peraga Kampanye/APK) to promote themselves to the public. In Lebak Regency, numerous violations have occurred regarding the installation of such props, underscoring the critical role of Bawaslu Lebak in ensuring compliance. This study aims to examine the authority exercised by Bawaslu Lebak Regency in supervising the installation of campaign props during the 2024 regional elections and to identify the challenges encountered. The research employs the theory of authority and the theory of supervision, using an empirical juridical approach and an analytical descriptive specification. Primary data supported by secondary data were obtained through interviews and document analysis. The findings indicate that Bawaslu Lebak Regency implements both preventive and repressive supervisory measures. Preventive efforts include issuing advisories, conducting public outreach, and inter-agency collaboration, while repressive actions involve processing reports and findings of violations, as well as dismantling noncompliant campaign materials. The agency faces several obstacles, including low awareness among candidates and campaign teams regarding legal compliance, limited personnel for enforcement activities, resistance from various stakeholders, and the environmental issue of accumulated campaign waste.

Individual candidates are one of the nomination paths other than political parties that use public support as a prerequisite for being appointed as regional head candidates. Individual candidates are often referred to as democratic paths or grassroots paths because candidates who are successfully appointed truly come from public support that has been verified with certainty through factual verification. Individual candidates are also often seen as a solution to the high political dowries and the phenomena of corruption, collusion and nepotism that arise from the failure of political parties to carry out their function as the people's dignity. However, their existence has always been discredited by political parties, especially since the change in the nomination threshold by political parties which was decided in the Constitutional Court decision 60/PUU-XXII/2024. This literature study examines the potential presence of individual candidates in reducing political dowries and corruption which is also useful for upholding democracy with people's sovereignty. Therefore, it is necessary to consider reducing the threshold for support for individual candidates to balance the political battle of regional elections. By highlighting individual candidates as tough political opponents, it will trigger changes in the structure and working mechanisms of political parties in order to gain the sympathy of the people that has been lost over the past few decades

Violations of campaign regulations in Indonesian elections, such as using places of worship for legislative candidate campaigns, remain common and are strictly prohibited under Article 521 in conjunction with Article 280 paragraph (1) letter h of Law Number 7 of 2017 on Elections. A notable case is the decision of the Kotabumi District Court Number 43/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Kbu, which sentenced a legislative candidate to one month of imprisonment and a fine of IDR 5 million. This study analyzes the judge’s considerations in this case using normative and empirical juridical approaches through literature reviews and interviews. The findings show that the judge considered juridical, philosophical, and sociological aspects, not only relying on formal legality but also on social and moral values within the community. Factors influencing the judge’s considerations include personal integrity, institutional pressure, and understanding of law and justice. The sentence was imposed as a form of guidance and deterrence, not merely punishment. The study recommends enhancing judges’ understanding of philosophical and sociological values through continuous training, active legal education by the Election Supervisory Board (Bawaslu) to political parties and the public, and regulatory evaluation to ensure laws adapt to social changes. Judges are expected to maintain independence and act firmly without interference to establish a clean and integrity-based judicial system.  

This research is motivated by several factors that cause voter behavior in the regional head election in Banjar City. The purpose of this study is to determine voter behavior in the Regional Head Election in Banjar City. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis. There are 7 informants. Data collection techniques are literature studies, field studies (observations and interviews) and documentation. The author uses qualitative data analysis techniques through data processing from interviews and observations to draw conclusions so that they can answer the problems in the study. Based on the results of the study, it is known that: voter behavior in Banjar City is still dominated by the tendency of traditional voters and skeptical voters. This is evidenced by the problem of many voters who determine their choices based on following suit if most of their environment chooses a candidate pair, in addition, voters in determining their political choices are based on information obtained from their parents or from their environment, there are voters who are reluctant and lazy to pay attention to political contestation. There are obstacles to voter behavior in the regional head election in Banjar City, including unequal access to information so that people only get political information from unverified social media. In addition, the practice of money politics is still a reality that is difficult to avoid, where direct assistance or certain promises are the main considerations in choosing candidate pairs as well as past experiences. To overcome various obstacles, a number of efforts have been made, including the Banjar City General Election Commission (KPU) implementing a voter education program through direct outreach to the community, especially in villages and densely populated areas.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran media sosial instagram dalam meningkatkan partisipasi remaja pada pilkada serta untuk mengetahui kendala, faktor pendukung, dan langkah-langkah dalam partisipasi politik generasi muda. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini melibatkan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran media sosial Instagram sangat penting dalam penyebaran informasi terkait pilkada. Selain itu, paslon pilkada juga berkolaborasi secara langsung dengan generasi muda untuk menyajikan konten Instagram yang kreatif dan menarik. Kata Kunci : Media Sosial Instagram, Partisipasi Remaja, Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah   ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the role of instagram social media in increasing youth participation in regional elections and to determine the obstacles, supporting factors, and steps in the political participation of the younger generation. Using qualitative descriptive methods, this study involved interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of the study indicate that the role of Instagram social media is very important in disseminating information related to regional elections. In addition, regional election candidates also collaborate directly with the younger generation to present creative and interesting Instagram content. Keywords: Instagram Social Media, Youth Participation, Regional Head Elections

This study examines the constitutional position of the President and Vice President in Indonesia following the four amendments to the 1945 Constitution between 1999 and 2002, focusing on how these reforms reshaped executive authority and accountability. It addresses the problem of excessive presidential dominance and unclear vice-presidential functions under the New Order regime, with research objectives to analyze the institutional, authority, accountability, and relational dimensions of the amended constitutional framework. Employing a normative doctrinal method through statute and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes primary legal texts, scholarly articles, and tertiary materials using descriptive-analytical techniques. The main findings reveal that the introduction of direct joint elections, strict two-term limits, impeachment mechanisms, and the establishment of the Constitutional Court significantly strengthened checks and balances, clarified the Vice President’s supportive and succession roles, and redistributed legislative powers to the DPR. These reforms created a more balanced separation of powers and enhanced democratic legitimacy while also highlighting emerging challenges in institutional capture and democratic backsliding. In conclusion, Indonesia’s gradualist constitutional reform successfully transformed an authoritarian executive into a more accountable presidential system, though ongoing vigilance and potential further amendments are necessary to consolidate democratic gains.

Rapid developments in information technology have opened up opportunities for new threats to national security, one of which is hacking of information systems. Cyber attacks not only cause economic losses and disrupt public services, but also pose a serious threat to Indonesia's digital sovereignty. In this context, state intelligence has a strategic role as the front line in detecting, analyzing, and countering various forms of threats to the country's strategic information systems. However, strengthening the function of state intelligence in dealing with hacking crimes still faces various obstacles, ranging from regulatory aspects that are not yet adaptive, weak inter-agency coordination, to limitations in technology and human resources. This study aims to examine the extent of the effectiveness of strengthening state intelligence in countering information system hacking, as well as to formulate the urgency of updating national legal policies that support the formation of a strong, integrated, and professional cyber intelligence system. Using a normative legal research method supported by a conceptual and case approach, this study concludes that strengthening state intelligence requires regulatory reform, institutional integration, and investment in technology and human resources in order to maintain national sovereignty in the digital age.

Based on the research background, it analyzes the effectiveness of utilizing the Recapitulation System application in the simultaneous 2024 general election process in Hegarsari Village, Pataruman District, Banjar City (Case study on the Presidential & Vice Presidential and Legislative elections). This research method uses descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research results show that the effectiveness of utilizing the Recapitulation System application in the simultaneous 2024 general election process in Hegarsari Village, Pataruman District, Banjar City is not yet optimal, as it is hindered by network system issues, the inability of the recapitulation application to fully read the numerical text on Form C due to inaccurate scanning, and many KPPS members still lacking the ability to operate the recapitulation application. This research contributes to expanding the understanding of the practical benefits of the effectiveness of using the Sirekap application in the simultaneous general election process in 2024.

Law constitutes a set of rules that must be obeyed and implemented by every individual. The concept of law-making forms part of the broader meaning of legal politics, serving as a guideline for the governance of the state and the life of society. Law is a necessity for all components of the nation and the state to create security and order, thereby providing a sense of justice. General elections (Pemilu) conducted directly by the people, from the people, and for the people serve as a means of manifesting sovereignty for the state to produce a democratic government based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The administration of general elections direct, free, universal, and secret must be carried out honestly and fairly, capable of realizing national integration, professionalism, and accountability in order to position the people as the primary holder of sovereignty. This study employs a normative juridical legal research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this research indicate that the legal concept concerning general elections depends on legal politics, which acts as a determining activity in the pattern and formation of election legislation designed to oversee and renew that law as a determination of politics related to democracy in the country. This study aims to ascertain the impact of the implementation of legal politics in the post-reform general election system and represents an existence of legal politics within Indonesia’s legal enforcement system.

The purpose of this study was to determine the Role of the Election Supervisory Body in the Simultaneous Regional Head Elections in Tasikmalaya Regency in 2024. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method. This method includes observation, interviews and documentation. Data processing techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the role of the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) has not been running optimally as seen from four dimensions. First, in the dimension of the role as an entrepreneur, Bawaslu experienced obstacles in understanding organizational issues and building relationships with the KPU, which was caused by miscommunication and weak supervision which led to a Revote. Second, in the dimension of the role as a disturbance handler, Bawaslu has not been effective in dealing with unexpected problems, hampered by the pros and cons of the community and the lack of formal and material evidence to follow up on reports of alleged violations. Third, in the dimension of the role as a resource allocator, the use of funding sources has not been optimal because the Revote resulted in the use of previous funds being inefficient. Finally, in terms of its role as a negotiator, Bawaslu has not been effective when participating in negotiations because it often takes a long time. The efforts that must be made are to strengthen communication and coordination between Bawaslu and the KPU, increase transparency and supervision during the election process, improve the system for collecting evidence of alleged violations and accelerate the negotiation process so that the decision-making process runs more efficiently. Based on the results of the study above, it can be concluded that the Role of the Election Supervisory Body in the Simultaneous Regional Head Elections in Tasikmalaya Regency in 2024, overall, is still not running optimally.    

As the largest political event in Indonesia, elections are closely tied to mass political communication strategies. In the digital era, social media has emerged as a new arena for political actors to convey campaign messages. This study examines how propaganda techniques are applied in political advertisements on social media, focusing on the dynamics between manipulation and persuasion efforts targeting voters. Through a literature review of various journals and reports, this paper explores forms of propaganda, visual symbolism, celebrity involvement, and regulatory issues concerning political advertisements on social media. The findings indicate that propaganda techniques in digital ads not only appeal to voters' emotions but also create spaces for bias and misinformation that can disrupt the quality of democracy.​

This study aims to determine whether or not the fifth Amendment of the 1945 Constitution as the written Constitution of the State of Indonesia which has become a mecca in formulating laws and regulations for more than the last twenty-five years is still able to meet the demands of the dynamics of the current administration or whether radical changes need to be made by changing the main mecca. Along with the current government and a few years ago. The executive and legislative parties even managed to form several legal products that were eventually criticized and rejected by the public. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the power in the field of legislation that must be given to the party whose authority it is. Based on the theory of limiting the President's power, he is the party that executes and implements the law. In Indonesia, the executive is involved in the process of forming legal products. Even the judiciary also acts as a legislator rather than a negative legislator. Efforts to maintain the position of independent commissions and emphasize regional elections so that we do not need to return to the old model. This research will discuss the ideas of change that should be urgent in the current Indonesian constitutional order, and be able to meet the needs of the future. The method used in this writing is Normative law. By conducting approaches to legislation, conceptual, historical approaches, comparisons and using qualitative analysis methods.

Enforcement of the election organizer's code of ethics is an important aspect of maintaining the democratic process and elections in Indonesia. The integrity of election organizers is a main pillar in realizing democratic and legitimate elections. The Election Organizer Ethics Council (DKPP) has a crucial role in upholding ethical standards among election organizers. This research aims to analyze the legal aspects of the DKPP's decision regarding violations of the election organizer's code of ethics in East Lombok Regency in 2024, focusing on the case study of Case Number 187-PKE-DKPP/VIII/2024. Through a case study approach and normative juridical analysis, this research will examine the legal basis, considerations, and implications of the DKPP's decision on election organizers and the integrity of the election process at the local level, namely East Lombok Regency. The results of this research indicate that the legal analysis of the Election Organizer Ethics Council's Decision in Case Number 187-PKE-DKPP/VIII/2024, which resulted in the permanent dismissal of a member of the East Lombok Regency KPU, is based on the normative aspect and the fundamental essence of ethics and the neutrality of independent and fair election organizers without any affiliation or indication of bias towards any group or faction

This study discusses the effectiveness of digital counseling services as a form of psychological intervention in reducing political anxiety among urban Indonesians in the post-truth era. This era is characterized by the massive spread of information that is often misleading and triggers public uncertainty and unrest, especially before and during political processes such as elections. Using a qualitative approach with case study methods and in-depth interviews, this study explores the experiences of urban individuals who participate in digital counseling services. The results show that digital counseling is able to provide a reflective and supportive space for individuals to understand and manage their emotions and political perceptions in a healthier way. This intervention has been shown to strengthen psychological resilience, reduce levels of political anxiety, and increase media literacy and critical awareness of urban communities towards national political dynamics. These findings recommend the integration of digital mental health services into psycho-political impact mitigation strategies in the digital era.

This research analyzes the Constitutional Court Decision Number 62/PPU-XXII/2024 regarding the constitutionality of the presidential threshold and its implications for the development of inclusive democracy in Indonesia. Using a juridical-normative and conceptual approach, this study examines the presidential threshold provisions as regulated in Article 222 of Law Number 7 of 2017 on General Elections from the perspective of inclusive democracy theory and electoral systems. The results show that the Constitutional Court affirmed the constitutionality of the presidential threshold as an open legal policy of the legislators, while also noting that lawmakers should reconsider the threshold percentage in future revisions of the Election Law. This research identifies a tension between two equally important democratic values: government effectiveness and political representation. On one hand, the presidential threshold can strengthen the presidential system by encouraging political party consolidation and creating more stable governance. On the other hand, this provision potentially limits political inclusivity by reducing the diversity of choices for voters and restricting opportunities for small or new political parties to nominate presidential and vice-presidential candidates independently. This study concludes that to realize a more inclusive democracy following the Constitutional Court Decision, further efforts are needed to reform the electoral system, strengthen political parties, enhance political education, and develop innovations in political participation.

The community as voters has a very important role because it is one of the factors that determine the success or failure of organizing elections. The purpose of this research is used as information on the role of election organizers, in this case the District Election Committee (PPK) at the Sumbermanjing Wetan District Level, Malang Regency in its efforts to increase community participation and as knowledge about general elections to be used as an evaluation in organizing future elections. This research uses phenomenological qualitative research methods through in-depth source interviews and observation notes to election organizers, namely members of the District Election Committee (PPK) in Sumbermanjing Wetan District, Malang Regency. PPK in socialization activities to the community cooperates with the District Election Supervisory Committee (Panwascam) in supervision and socialization, government agencies, government institutions and local village community organizations in disseminating socialization to the community because it is able to reach all communities that have limited accessibility. The declining level of community participation needs to be reviewed so that people who abstain from voting or who do not use their voting rights can actively participate in realizing democracy. In addition, a wise evaluation of the regulations, technical implementation, accuracy of voter data, neutrality and integrity of the electoral process is needed.

Indonesia adheres to a democratic government system that relies on the principle of checks and balances. This principle is inherent in the legislative institution, namely the DPR, which has the right to carry out its duties, one of which is the right to inquiry. In the election context, the right to inquiry can be used to investigate fraud or violations that occur in the election administration process. However, the use of the right to inquiry currently still raises pros and cons among the public. In response to this, this research aims to understand the juridical considerations regarding the right to inquiry in holding elections and analyze the influence of the right to inquiry on elections. The method used in this research is descriptive normative law by studying or reviewing primary and secondary legal materials. This research shows that the DPR’s right to inquiry cannot influence or cancel the election results. However, the DPR’s right to inquiry can be used to request information from the government regarding the implementation of elections.

This study analyzes the legal aspects in the application of the e-voting system in the election of village heads as a form of technological innovation in voting. With a normative legal approach, this research is based on relevant laws and regulations, including Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and its amendments in Law Number 3 of 2024. The results of the study show that the e-voting regulation is not explicitly contained in the law, but gives authority to local governments to design village head election policies, which is strengthened by the Constitutional Court Decision Number 147/PUU-VII/2009. In addition, the e-voting mechanism meets the principle of legality in the elections, emphasizes the principle of luberjurdil, and is in line with democratic values. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the implementation of the election with the e-voting method can be applied by paying attention to the legal standards and cumulative requirements that have been set.