Publication Search

This research is motivated by the development of injection motorcycle engine management system technology that demands increased performance through optimization of the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). This study aims to analyze the performance comparison of the Yamaha MX King 180 cc using a standard ECU and a racing ECU on engine power and torque. The method used is an experiment with engine dynotest testing in the range of 6000-10000 RPM. The research sample is a 2015 Yamaha MX King unit that has been modified to 180 cc. Data were collected through direct measurements of power (HP) and torque (Nm), then analyzed descriptively in the form of tables and graphs. The results show that the racing ECU is able to produce a higher maximum power of 24.9 HP at 10000 RPM compared to the standard ECU of 22.2 HP at the same engine speed. In terms of torque, both types of ECU reach peak values ​​at 8000 RPM with a relatively small difference (18.18 Nm on the standard ECU and 18.15 Nm on the racing ECU). However, at low to mid-range revs, the racing ECU tends to produce slightly more torque, although at very high revs, it experiences a greater decrease compared to the standard ECU. The racing ECU excels at increasing high-rev power, while the standard ECU exhibits more consistent torque stability. Therefore, the choice of ECU type must be tailored to the performance requirements and the characteristics of the vehicle's use.

The rapid development of information technology has created new challenges for military organizations, including the increasing accessibility of online gambling among military personnel. This study aims to analyze the optimization of mental development programs for Indonesian Navy personnel at the Naval Academy as an effort to prevent online gambling behavior. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. Data were collected from military leaders, military police personnel, mental development officers, and Naval Academy personnel. The findings indicate that mental development programs have been implemented through religious guidance, counseling, lectures, and character-building activities, which generally receive positive responses from personnel. However, several obstacles remain, including limited participation due to operational activities, rapid technological advancement, easy internet access, and the absence of specific educational materials concerning online gambling. Factors influencing personnel involvement in online gambling include low self-control, unproductive use of leisure time, environmental influences, and personal economic problems. The study concludes that mental development can effectively prevent online gambling when implemented continuously, supported by leadership involvement, digital literacy enhancement, supervision of technology use, and specific educational materials addressing the dangers of online gambling.

Wilayah perbatasan Ambalat merupakan kawasan strategis NKRI yang rawan terhadap pelanggaran kedaulatan dan ancaman keamanan. Satuan Tugas (Satgas) Ambalat Korps Marinir menghadapi tantangan geografis dan keterbatasan teknologi pengawasan konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi pemanfaatan teknologi Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengamanan perbatasan oleh Satgas Ambalat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan 4 narasumber (Komandan Skuadron Udara 700, pilot UAV, Dansatgas Ambalat, dan personel komunikasi Satgas Ambalat), serta dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) UAV belum dimanfaatkan secara langsung oleh Satgas Ambalat, pengamanan masih mengandalkan patroli konvensional dan drone non-militer; (2) tantangan utama meliputi keterbatasan personel terlatih, belum adanya program pelatihan formal, keterbatasan sarana prasarana (Ground Control Station, sistem komunikasi), serta kekosongan regulasi operasional; (3) UAV tipe ScanEagle dan Camcopter S-100 dinilai paling sesuai untuk kebutuhan Satgas Ambalat karena daya tahan terbang lama dan sensor canggih. Pemanfaatan UAV dapat memperluas jangkauan pengawasan, menyediakan data real-time, mengurangi risiko personel, serta meningkatkan efisiensi operasional. Diperlukan pendekatan terintegrasi berupa penyusunan regulasi, pengadaan sarana dan pelatihan personel bertingkat dan berlanjut. Teknologi UAV memiliki potensi strategis untuk memperkuat sistem pengamanan perbatasan Ambalat. Rekomendasi meliputi dukungan kebijakan pemerintah, pengembangan doktrin TNI AL, pembentukan unit UAV Korps Marinir, serta pelatihan personel secara berkelanjutan.

Digital transformation in the military procurement sector has brought significant changes to accountability patterns at the Naval Academy (AAL). Using the AP2EP management cycle (Analysis, Planning, Execution, Evaluation, and Control) as an analytical tool, this paper dissects the extent to which the E-Procurement system can mitigate budget deviation risks and enhance financial transparency. As a military educational institution striving to become a World Class Naval Academy, AAL faces unique challenges in balancing state financial regulations with specific educational logistics needs. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research demonstrates that procurement digitalization provides an automated audit trail that minimizes human intervention. Despite technical and cultural obstacles, strategic steps such as developing real-time dashboards have proven effective in optimizing state financial governance to support cadet education quality and maintain an Unqualified Opinion (WTP).

This qualitative literature review synthesizes contemporary research on how dual-class share structures shape agency costs, voting divergence, and corporate governance outcomes. The review finds that disproportionate voting rights increase managerial entrenchment risks and weaken shareholder oversight, thereby amplifying agency costs across diverse institutional settings. However, governance safeguards particularly time bound and event-based sunset clauses emerge as effective mechanisms for moderating the long-term risks of control disproportionality. While dual class firms may benefit from strategic insulation that fosters innovation and long-term value creation, the absence of sunset provisions is consistently associated with reduced firm valuation, diminished accountability, and persistent divergence between control and ownership. Overall, this synthesis highlights that dual-class structures are not universally harmful, but their sustainability depends on the presence of robust governance constraints designed to restore alignment over time.

Manual teaching journal management at SMA Negeri 1 Kayen frequently leads to documentation inefficiencies, risks of data loss, and challenges in the teaching supervision process. This research tends to design and develop a web-based teacher teaching journal information system employing the CodeIgniter 3 framework with a Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. The system was improved employing the Waterfall methodology, comprising requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance phases. The system integrates four user roles—administrator, teacher, student, and supervisor—to support the digitalization of recording processes, real-time teacher attendance verification by students, and centralized activity monitoring. Black Box Testing outcomes present that all system functions, involving authentication, data management, and reporting, operate 100% in accordance with user requirements. The implementation of this system effectively reduces administrative time compared to manual methods while enhancing the accountability and transparency of teaching journal management within the school. With centralized data integration, this system helps as an effective solution for supporting data-driven managerial decision-making in education.

This study aims to analyze demand patterns and determine the most accurate forecasting method for the Kawachi KL 6167 A+ Emergency Lamp product to support inventory control decision-making. The data used in this study consist of product demand over 12 periods, showing an increasing trend with slight fluctuations in certain periods. The forecasting methods applied in this research include the Linear Trend Method, Quadratic Trend Method, and Moving Average (MA), while forecasting accuracy was evaluated using Mean Squared Error (MSE). The results indicate that the linear trend method provides a more suitable forecasting model compared to the quadratic trend method. The MSE value of the linear method is 69.31, whereas the quadratic method produces an MSE of 81.50, indicating that the linear method is more accurate due to its lower forecasting error. In addition, a 3-period Moving Average (MA) method was applied to forecast demand from period 13 to period 24. The forecasting results show that demand tends to stabilize within the range of 276–277 units, with the forecast for period 24 reaching 276.66 units, rounded to 277 units. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the demand pattern for the Kawachi KL 6167 A+ Emergency Lamp demonstrates a relatively stable upward trend, making the linear trend method the most appropriate forecasting approach for predicting future demand. These forecasting results are expected to serve as a reference for companies in optimizing inventory planning to minimize the risks of stock shortages and overstocking.

Road improvement projects require consistency between technical planning documents and field implementation to ensure that service quality, structural performance, construction time, and user safety are achieved. This article evaluates the conformity between planning and realization in the Pangkalan-Batas Jambi road improvement project in Rawas Ulu District, North Musi Rawas Regency. The study used a descriptive-quantitative evaluative approach based on field monitoring, project technical documents, comparative quantity analysis between contract and Contract Change Order (CCO), and identification of implementation constraints. The results showed that several work items changed during construction because initial planning data did not fully capture actual field conditions. Quantities increased for drainage excavation (+18.87%), roadbed preparation (+8.99%), aggregate class A base course (+12.51%), and AC-Base (+11.98%). Conversely, reinforced pipe culverts decreased (-58.33%), unsealed aggregate base/sirtu decreased (-43.50%), and tack/prime coat volume slightly decreased (-0.47%). The time schedule showed a minor delay of -0.13% in the first week but recovered in the second week, indicating effective field coordination. Main constraints included traffic interference, limited worker visibility, and equipment visibility. The study recommends more detailed site surveys during planning, stronger traffic management, stricter occupational safety implementation, systematic progress control, and routine post-construction maintenance to maintain road service life.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) is a mode of delivery frequently used in women with high-risk pregnancies. Over the past two decades, the rate of CS has increased significantly worldwide. Although CS can be a life-saving intervention when performed based on appropriate medical indications, it may also result in adverse outcomes for both mothers and infants and increase the clinical and economic burden on healthcare systems. Limiting CS rates can be achieved through the control of modifiable risk factors. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the factors contributing to the occurrence of cesarean section. Method: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted at Singasana Regional General Hospital, Tabanan Regency, from February to May 2025. The study sample consisted of 259 women who underwent cesarean delivery during the period 2020–2024. Data were collected through a review of medical records using a checklist instrument. Univariate analysis was performed to describe maternal characteristics and indications for cesarean section. Result: Most cesarean deliveries occurred in women aged 20–35 years (77.99%) and in multiparous women (48.65%). The most dominant maternal factor was a previous cesarean section (37.6%), while the most common fetal factor was fetal distress (42.7%). Conclusion: Maternal age of 20–35 years, multiparity, a history of previous cesarean section, and fetal distress were the dominant factors associated with cesarean delivery. These findings highlight the importance of early antenatal risk screening and optimal labor management to reduce unnecessary cesarean sections and improve maternal and neonatal safety.

The presence of street vendors in urban areas is a social phenomenon that is inseparable from the economic dynamics of urban communities. On the one hand, street vendors provide an alternative source of livelihood for people in the informal sector; on the other hand, their presence is often seen as disrupting public order, urban aesthetics, and the function of public spaces. This situation gives rise to social conflict between local governments—as the authorities responsible for urban planning—and street vendors who are defending their economic space. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of social conflict in the process of regulating street vendors in urban areas and to identify the factors influencing the emergence of public resistance to regulation policies. The study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive methods. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The research findings indicate that social conflicts arising from street vendor regulation are influenced by conflicting interests between the government and vendors, poor policy communication, limited relocation space, and economic factors affecting urban communities. Repressive enforcement measures tend to provoke social resistance, whereas dialogic and participatory approaches are more effective in reducing conflict. This study emphasizes that the management of street vendors cannot be understood solely as a matter of urban order, but also involves aspects of social justice and the community’s right to sustain their economic livelihoods.

Hot material dumping in the chemical industry is an important process stage that affects occupational safety, process stability, and product quality reliability. In manual processes, dumping activities may cause variation because they are influenced by operator condition, pouring angle, work speed, and exposure to hot materials. This study aims to analyze the consistency of the hot material dumping process and formulate a B2B strategy based on process reliability. The research method uses a descriptive-quantitative case study approach with data from 20 batches, analyzed through three indicators: dumping time, pouring flow stability, and material temperature change or ΔT. The data were primary data obtained directly through field observation, production-process documentation, and recording of process parameters; journal literature was used only as the theoretical and interpretive basis. The results show that the automated process provides more consistent performance than the manual process. The average dumping time decreased from 49.14 seconds to 30.18 seconds, the coefficient of variation for dumping time decreased from 12.44% to 1.36%, the pouring flow stability score increased from 2.55 to 4.70, and the average material ΔT decreased from 15.26°C to 8.16°C. These findings indicate that automation can improve process regularity, reduce variation between batches, and maintain material conditions in a more controlled manner. This process consistency can serve as the basis for a B2B strategy based on process reliability, emphasizing process reliability, production safety, quality consistency, and data-based evidence as key values in building industrial customer trust.

This study is motivated by the proliferation of regulations that facilitate the exploitative extraction of natural resources in Indonesia as a consequence of the penetration of neoliberal ideology, which deviates from the mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The significance of this research lies in the strategic role of Muhammadiyah through the "Constitutional Jihad" movement in restoring state sovereignty over natural resources for the benefit of the public welfare. The study aims to analyze the philosophical foundations of Constitutional Jihad in reconstructing the vision of a Progressive Indonesia (Indonesia Berkemajuan) and to examine Muhammadiyah’s legal advocacy strategies in resisting the hegemony of liberal economic policies. The research focuses on how Muhammadiyah’s philosophical framework and litigation strategies are capable of correcting national energy policies, as reflected in Constitutional Court Decision Number 36/PUU-X/2012. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, case, and theological-ideological approaches. The findings reveal that, philosophically, Constitutional Jihad represents the transformation of Al-Ma’un theology and the concept of Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah into a constitutional framework that integrates divine sovereignty with popular sovereignty. In terms of strategy, Muhammadiyah utilizes Public Interest Litigation supported by interdisciplinary expert collaboration and moral mobilization rooted in civil society. The analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012 demonstrates that Muhammadiyah’s advocacy successfully invalidated unconstitutional provisions of the Oil and Gas Law that had weakened state control, while simultaneously reaffirming the state's direct management function over natural resources. The study concludes that Constitutional Jihad constitutes an effective form of national ijtihad in reconstructing a progressive, sovereign, and socially just legal order in Indonesia.

Urban plant care is increasingly important for sustainable living, but many users face inconsistent watering, insufficient care knowledge, unsuitable plant selection and delayed disease recognition. This study presents Easy Grow Plants, an integrated web and Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem that connects plant care guidance, soil-moisture monitoring, automated watering, plant recommendation, image-based plant health assistance, marketplace functions, community interaction and plant exchange. The prototype was implemented using a React frontend, Django REST backend, SQLite database and an Arduino UNO R4 WiFi smart pot with a soil moisture sensor, relay module and DC water pump. Functional, interface, API, IoT connectivity, sensor calibration, watering control and LAN deployment tests were conducted. The results show that the core modules operated together as an integrated academic prototype. The system demonstrates a practical foundation for smart urban gardening, although cloud deployment, multi-device testing and stronger AI validation remain future improvements

Background: Labor is a physiological process that is commonly accompanied by pain, causing discomfort, anxiety, and fear that may interfere with maternal well-being and labor progress. Effleurage massage is a complementary, non-pharmacological intervention used to reduce labor pain. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of effleurage massage in reducing pain intensity during the first stage of labor. Method: A literature review was conducted using articles retrieved from Google Scholar. An initial search identified 45 articles, and after screening based on publication year (2021–2026), relevance, and inclusion criteria, 10 research articles were included for analysis. Data were extracted and synthesized descriptively. Results: The findings consistently showed that effleurage massage reduced labor pain by promoting relaxation, decreasing muscle tension, improving blood circulation, and stimulating endorphin release through the gate control mechanism. Most studies also reported improved maternal comfort during labor. Conclusion: In conclusion, effleurage massage is an effective, safe, affordable, and easy-to-apply complementary therapy that can be integrated into midwifery care to reduce labor pain and enhance maternal comfort.  

This study aimed to analyze the influence of workload and burnout on nurses’ sleep quality while controlling for age, gender, and education as potential confounding variables. A quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 156 nurses working in a private hospital in Depok City. Data were collected using a workload questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data were analyzed using Chi-Square tests and multiple logistic regression. The findings showed that both workload and burnout had significant effects on sleep quality (p < 0.05), with burnout identified as the most dominant factor. Age and gender were also significantly associated with sleep quality, whereas education did not show a statistically significant effect. The regression model demonstrated excellent fit, indicated by a McFadden pseudo R² value of 0.908. These results suggest that occupational factors, particularly burnout, play an important role in determining nurses’ sleep quality. Therefore, effective stress reduction and workload management strategies are needed to support nurses’ well-being and improve sleep quality.

The physical work environment in the Aerosol Production Department of PT XYZ experienced problems related to excessive room temperatures reaching 37.3°C and chemical odor pollution caused by vapor recirculation from the coating oven process. These conditions potentially reduced operator comfort and concentration. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Kaizen approach through the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle in controlling production room temperature and improving air quality. A quantitative descriptive method with an Action Research approach was employed. Problem identification and root cause analysis were conducted using the 7 QC Tools, particularly the Pareto Diagram and Fishbone Diagram. Improvement actions included the installation of turbine ventilators, aluminum foil roof insulation, and a 3-meter vertical exhaust ducting system. The results showed that the average room temperature decreased from 34.6°C to 27.4°C, representing a reduction of 7.2°C, while the peak daytime temperature decreased by 8.7°C and met the established threshold limit value. In addition, chemical odor pollution was completely eliminated. Therefore, the Kaizen-PDCA approach proved effective in improving the physical work environment sustainably.

Technological advances and increasing job demands have made work stress a major concern in modern industrial environments. Noise is one of the physical workplace factors that may contribute to work stress. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between noise exposure and work stress among workers in the spinning department of PT X. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, involving 80 workers selected through purposive sampling. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while work stress data were collected through a standardized questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.Most respondents were over 35 years old (80%) and female (54%). The highest noise level was recorded in the spinning room (102.17 dBA), while the fiber preparation room had the lowest level (84.07 dBA). Most workers experienced mild work stress (86.25%), whereas 13.75% reported moderate to high stress. The Chi-Square test showed no statistically significant relationship between noise and work stress (p = 0.074). However, the Likelihood Ratio test indicated a significant positive trend (p = 0.021). These findings suggest that excessive noise exposure may increase work stress and highlight the need for effective noise control, hearing protection, and stress management programs in the workplace.

The risk of accidents in the school environment is quite high, but the ability of the School Health Business Team (UKS) to handle emergencies is often still limited to theoretical knowledge without adequate practical skills. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Role Playing and Emergency Simulation (RANGGA) method on the improvement of the knowledge and skills of the UKS Team in junior high school. This study used a quasi-experiment design with a pre-post test with control group design. The research sample amounted to 60 respondents which were taken by purposive sampling technique. The intervention group was given RANGGA training, while the control group was given conventional education. The data were analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test because the data distribution was abnormal. In the intervention group, there was an increase in the average knowledge score from 88.7 to 97.9 and the skill score from 87.99 to 97.98. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significance value of p<0.001 for both variables in the intervention group, indicating a very strong influence of the RANGGA method. In contrast, although the control group experienced an improvement, the variation in scores remained higher and the improvement was not as significant as the intervention group. The RANGGA method is significantly effective in improving the emergency competence of the UKS Team through an experiential learning approach. It is recommended for school institutions to integrate simulation and role play methods in the UKS training curriculum to ensure optimal emergency response readiness.

The area and distance between buildings at POLINELA Campus make the presence of adequate connector roads an important necessity to support the mobility of the academic community. This study aims to optimize the scheduling of flexible pavement construction for the POLINELA Connector Road using the Critical Path Method (CPM) based on Microsoft Project 2021. The research method used is descriptive quantitative by processing the Budget Plan (RAB) data into a project schedule consisting of 11 main activities. CPM analysis is used to determine the sequence of work, dependencies between activities, the critical path, and project completion time. The results show that the total project duration is 23 calendar days (May 11–June 6, 2026). CPM analysis identified 10 activities on the critical path with zero float, while embankment work is a non-critical activity with time flexibility. Applying a Start-to-Start (SS) relationship with a 3-day lag between excavation and embankment work allows parallel implementation, reducing the project duration by 4 days (14.8%) compared to the conventional Finish-to-Start (FS) scenario. These results indicate that implementing CPM through Microsoft Project 2021 can increase execution time efficiency, simplify schedule control, and support decision-making in road construction project management.

Project scheduling is a critical aspect of ensuring the successful implementation of construction projects, particularly bridge projects that involve a high degree of complexity. Poor schedule quality may result in project delays, inaccurate critical path identification, and inadequate project control. This study aims to evaluate the schedule quality of a pile slab bridge project using the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) 14-Point Schedule Assessment method, supported by Oracle Primavera P6 software. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach applied to an existing baseline schedule. The assessment results indicate that several parameters have satisfied the DCMA standards, including relationship type, hard constraints, soft constraints, negative float, large duration, and invalid progress. Conversely, several parameters remain non-compliant with the established standards, namely network logic, positive lag, large float, resources/cost, and the Baseline Execution Index (BEI). This study concludes that the project schedule has not fully adhered to the principles of a network-driven schedule and continues to function primarily as an administrative time schedule. The findings of this study offer practical contributions to construction project management by providing recommendations that encompass the refinement of network logic relationships, reduction of excessive lag usage, implementation of resource and cost loading, and progress updates based on the established baseline, thereby enabling the schedule to serve as a more effective, reliable, and integrated project control tool