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Introduction: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the world. In general, this pain is caused by muscle stretching and increasing age which will cause the intensity of exercise and movement to decrease. This will cause the back and abdominal muscles to become weak. Objective: In this study, to analyze the effect of warm compresses of red lemongrass (cymbopogon nardus) on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen in Negeri Latuhalat, Nusaniwe District. Method: Using a one group pre test-post test design, this research design is included in the Pre-Experimental research type and the sample size is 56 fishermen using instruments in the form of SOPs and observation sheets. The analysis used is the Willcoxon test. Results: It was found that there was an effect of warm red lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) compresses on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: There is an influence between the pain scale before and after being given a warm compress of red lemongrass (cymbopogon nardus) on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen in Negeri Latuhalat, Nusaniwe District.  

In the context of rapidly evolving mobile technology, memory management has become an important aspect that determines the efficiency and effectiveness of Android operating systems, particularly on mid- range smartphones. The objective of this research is to identify, analyze and develop memory management strategies that can improve the performance of the Android operating system on resource-constrained devices. Using an experimental approach, this study evaluates various memory management techniques, including the use of optimized caches, memory compression, and page replacement algorithms, to determine the most effective combination to improve system responsiveness and performance. The results show that the implementation of appropriate memory management strategies can significantly improve operating system performance and user experience while extending battery life. These findings provide valuable information for application developers and device manufacturers to optimize their products for mid-range smartphone competition.

Storage virtualization has become a key data management technology in the digital age, providing an efficient and secure solution for growing storage needs. Google Drive has adopted this technology to optimize user data management, including designing a security architecture, implementing data encryption in transit and at rest, and managing encryption keys. Access control using two-factor authentication (2FA). A reliable data backup and recovery system ensures fast recovery in the event of an accident. The technology enables additional features such as deduplication, compression, and version control that increase storage efficiency and flexibility. As a result, Google Drive offers secure, efficient and reliable cloud storage that allows users to manage data from multiple devices, confident that their data is protected.    

Diabetic ulcers are one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ulcers can be aggravated by the presence of vascular disorders, such as arteries and veins because they will give a painful sensation to the ulcer area. Therefore, proper wound care is needed to minimize the effects of these vascular disorders, namely by reducing the compression of the wound dressing. This study aims to look at the development of diabetic ulcers accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders by providing decreased dressing compression during wound care. The research design used is a single case study on a patient with grade IV diabetic ulcer accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders. The intervention was to decrease dressing compression for 10 days of wound care.. From the wound care, improvement was obtained with reduced slough, the firm boundaries of the wound began to appear, the wound area was reduced from 10 x 7 cm to 9.3 x 7 cm. Decreasing dressing compression during wound care is considered a positive development for diabetic ulcers with arterial and venous compromise.

On average, 85-90% of pregnant women in Indonesia experience severe labor pain and 7-15% of those who do not experience labor pain. Labor pain results in increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system which causes an increase in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration, nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. Data shows that 15% of mothers in Indonesia experience birth complications and 21% are caused by experiencing very severe pain. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of cold compresses on first stage labor pain. The research design used a quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest. The population, namely all mothers giving birth at PMB Andina in May 2024, totaled 30 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling. Statistical tests use the Wilcoxon test. The research results obtained were that the average labor pain before the cold compress was 5.13 and the average labor pain after the cold compress was 4.00, meaning there was a decrease in the level of pain by 1.13. The significant value was found to be p: 0.001 < 0.05, meaning that there was an effect of cold compresses on labor pain in mothers giving birth at PMB Andina Palembang. It is hoped that health workers can improve maternal care during childbirth, one of which is by providing complementary services in the form of cold compresses.

The development of concrete making technology has developed rapidly nowdays, the innovations in terms of material use and workmanship. The implementation of construction work carried out today pays attention to aspects of strength, rigidity, and high durability, as well as sustainability. To support these two things, research can be carried out on making concrete using granite waste. The research method used in this study is an experimental method. The concrete mix design uses variations of granite waste with successive levels of  0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%. The test specimen used for tensile strength testing is cylindrical with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm, the test uses 12 specimens where each variation uses 3 specimens. The test is performed when the specimen has reached the age of 28 days. The test specimen tested has met the planned compressive strength requirements at a concrete life of 28 days where the results are greater than 20 MPa. Results of testing the tensile strength of concrete variations of granite waste as a partial substitution of coarse aggregate with variations of granite waste of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% respectively; 2.43 MPa; 2.50 MPa; 2.97 MPa; and 2.78 MPa.

Coated tablets are compressed tablets that are coated with a mixture of various substances such as: resin, gum, fillers, sugar, plasticizers, polyols, coloring agents, and flavor enhancers in the active substance. The types of coated tablets that are developing are sugar-coated, thin-coated and enteric-coated tablets. One of the additional materials that plays an important role in making coated tablets is a binder. This review article aims to obtain information and examine what is a good concentration of binder to use in coated tablet formulations. Based on a literature study from several articles collected, it can be concluded that the lactose binder, porang tuber starch, and PVP in several coated tablet dosage formulations, these binders have no effect on the physical properties of the dosage form.

The public demand for better vehicle performance is increasing. Increasing the compression ratio and fuel octane is one solution to improve vehicle performance. This study aims to determine the effect of increasing the compression ratio and ethanol mixture in fuel on the power and torque of the 125 cc Otto engine. The method used is an experiment using a dynotest. The compression ratio was varied to 8.9, 9.2, and 9.6, with ethanol mixtures of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The test data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA method. The results showed that increasing the compression ratio and ethanol mixture can increase engine power and torque. The highest peak power and torque occurred at a compression ratio of 9.6 with 15% ethanol, which was 6.11 kW and 10.23 N.m. A compression ratio of 9.2 produces 6.07 kW of power and 10.07 N.m of torque at 15% ethanol. A compression ratio of 8.9 produces 5.62 kW of power at 15% ethanol and 9.73 N.m of torque at 10% ethanol.    

Fever is a symptom of all types of diseases, both infectious and noninfectious. Fever is also a symptom that often occurs in children. Children's body temperature defenses are still weak so they are very susceptible to infections, fungi and viruses. Fever can endanger a child's safety if treated quickly and appropriately and can cause seizures. Normal body temperature is 36.50C-37.50C. If the body temperature is more than 37.5 then a water tepid sponge compress can be applied. Able to apply a water tepid sponge compress to reduce fever in children. Able to determine body temperature before and after being given a water tepid sponge compress. In this study, a descriptive case study was used, three research subjects who received the fever-reducing drug paracetamol and were given water tepid sponge compress intervention to reduce fever in children. The data collection instrument uses an observation sheet. Based on the results of the study, it showed that children who were given fever-reducing medication and compressed water tepid sponge were used and for the three respondents for three days, the average result on the first day was 1.50C, on the second day the average was 1.50C. .3 0C and on the third day the average was 0.30C. Children who were given fever-reducing medication and given water tepid sponge compresses experienced a decrease in body temperature. Hospitals are expected to maximize the application of warm Tepid Water Sponge compresses to children to treat fever as a non-pharmacological therapy.

The availability of sea sand on the beach of Ujung Tape Pinrang is in very large quantities that can be used as materials in making concrete. The purpose of the study is to analyze the characteristics of beach sand, compressive strength and tensile strength produced. An experimental research method in the Civil Engineering Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Parepare with a treatment system for ordinary water immersion and analysis of the characteristics of concrete mechanical properties using a compression machine test. The results of the study at the maintenance age of 28 days with a planned compressive strength of 20 MPa produced a compressive strength of 28.29 MPa and a tensile strength of 7.78 MPa, a planned compressive strength of 24 MPa resulted in a compressive strength of 29.98 MPa and a tensile strength of 8.22 MPa, and a planned compressive strength of 28 MPa produces a compressive strength of 31.40 MPa and a tensile strength of 8.44 MPa. The results of the study on compressive strength and tensile strength showed an increase in each increase in planned compressive strength.

Breast milk production can be influenced by two factors, namely production and expenditure. Use a warm compress, namely warm water which is then compressed onto the breasts using a towel. Not infrequently non-medical therapy as above is often applied to postpartum mothers whose breast milk has not yet come in, of course first by conducting training with the puskesmas coordinator midwife, to improve maximum service. The research was carried out by determining the initial level of pain intensity (pretest) before giving a warm compress and then continuing with measuring the pain intensity (posttest) after giving a warm compress. The results of the Independent sample t test showed P Value = 0.001, meaning p < 0.05, stating that there is a relationship between warm compresses and pain intensity in mothers with breast milk dams at the Pratama SAM Kampung Baru Clinic, Medan Maimun in 2023. Other research on the effectiveness of compresses Varney said that warm compresses are considered the right action to relieve pain, and for some women who experience problems with breast milk, it is known that using warm compresses alternately can provide a feeling of comfort. Apart from that, the intense pain when there is a blockage in the breast means that mothers tend to choose the easiest method, one of which is a warm compress.

Breast milk production can be influenced by two factors, namely production and expenditure. Use a warm compress, namely warm water which is then compressed onto the breasts using a towel. Not infrequently non-medical therapy as above is often applied to postpartum mothers whose breast milk has not yet come in, of course first by conducting training with the puskesmas coordinator midwife, to improve maximum service. The research was carried out by determining the initial level of pain intensity (pretest) before giving a warm compress and then continuing with measuring the pain intensity (posttest) after giving a warm compress. The results of the Independent sample t test showed P Value = 0.001, meaning p < 0.05, stating that there is a relationship between warm compresses and pain intensity in mothers with breast milk dams at the Pratama SAM Kampung Baru Clinic, Medan Maimun in 2023. Other research on the effectiveness of compresses Varney said that warm compresses are considered the right action to relieve pain, and for some women who experience problems with breast milk, it is known that using warm compresses alternately can provide a feeling of comfort. Apart from that, the intense pain when there is a blockage in the breast means that mothers tend to choose the easiest method, one of which is a warm compress.

In the process of designing mine slopes, drilling or tunneling, to determine the level of strength and brittleness factors of rock on a slope, it is necessary to carry out a uniaxial compressive strength test or indirect tensile strength test of the rock. Compressive strength testing is carried out to determine how long the rock maintains its strength or elastic properties when pressure is applied. This data can be used as information to understand the analysis of factors that influence the physical properties of rocks on the compressive strength of rocks from physical properties and compressive strength testing activities. and indirect tensile strength testing is carried out to determine the stress value contained in the rock. To determine the level of rock brittleness, it can be done by comparing the uniaxial compressive strength value and the indirect tensile strength value. This data can be used as information and reference for companies that will design a mine slope, drill and tunnel, how strong the strength and level of brittleness of rocks in areas dominated by sandstone. This research uses quantitative methods, so that to obtain accurate calculation data, testing methods are used in the form of uniaxial compressive strength tests and indirect tensile strength tests, in this case tested on sandstone samples obtained from 2 rock formations including the Pulaubalang formation and the Balikpapan formation, so that accuracy The test result values ​​can be obtained well. And after testing, a comparison is made between the uniaxial compressive strength test value and the indirect tensile strength test to obtain the Brittleness Index value.Based on the observation results, it can be concluded that when the brittleness of the rock becomes greater, the performance of the cutting digger increases several times.    

Uniaxial Compressive Strength is a test method to classify the strength and characterization of intact rock. Where it is important information in determining the strength and characteristics of a rock obtained by testing using the UCS tool. In this research, an alternative is made in determining the UCS value precisely and easily, namely by using the schmidt hammer test and compressive strength test. Therefore, this research aims to obtain the correlation value between the results of the compressive strength test and the schmidt hammer test on sandstone. Based on the results of observations and calculations that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the compressive strength value in the Balikpapan formation is lower than the compressive strength value in the Pulaubalang formation where the compressive strength value in the Balikpapan formation is 3.3 MPa-4.3 MPa, while the compressive strength value in the Pulaubalang formation is 4.3-5.57 MPa. The rebound number in the Balikpapan formation is lower than the rebound number in the Pulaubalang formation, where the rebound number in the Balikpapan formation is 16-17.8, while the rebound number in the Pulaubalang formation is 18-22.3. The correlation of the uniaxial compressive strength value with the rebound number of the schmidt hammer shows a positive linear correlation between the UCS value and the rebound number of the schmidt hammer, in this case it can be seen that when the uniaxial compressive strength value is higher, the rebound number of the schmidt hammer is also higher.

The current technology for using recycled materials in road preservation work is very helpful in maintaining the sustainability of the materials used. Waste from road materials that will be repaired can be reused for new foundation layers. The aim of this research is to obtain a design for the percentage of cement, percentage of emulsified asphalt, unconfined compressive strength and optimum water content in accordance with the applicable engineering specifications so that it can be proven that the existing material from the top foundation layer and asphalt layer can still be used as a new foundation layer. The research method involves conducting experiments on existing materials by conducting laboratory tests on samples of top foundation layer aggregate and existing asphalt in the Cikarang Industrial Area. The experiment was carried out at the Jakarta State Polytechnic Civil Engineering Laboratory with 9 test samples. The results obtained for the recycled foundation layer were that the design cement required was 30.8 grams and 53.1 grams of emulsified asphalt for an area of ​​1m2 with a 7 day unconfined compressive strength obtained from nine samples for variations in cement content of 1%, 3%, and 5% maximum 2.81MPa, so the optimum cement content is 3.6%.

The role of letters within an organization is crucial, thus requiring effective management. Management of these letters must be swift, accurate, and precise according to the established correspondence procedures. One form of letter management for organizations, including the Naval Academy of the Indonesian Armed Forces, involves handling both incoming and outgoing mail. However, there are still aspects of letter management that have not been optimally implemented, such as unregistered archive arrangement, rendering it ineffective. To address these issues, the author developed an application program, namely Microsoft Access, with the aim of enhancing the archiving system at the Naval Academy of the Indonesian Armed Forces. This research focuses on designing a Microsoft Access application based on Windows, utilizing a literature review method to support data collection conducted at the Naval Academy campus. The research results indicate that: 1) The letter archiving system is stored in file format or ZIP extensions, which have good data compression standards to minimize human errors in archiving. 2) Computer-based letter archiving systems can facilitate the search for incoming and outgoing mail data, providing more accurate and timely information. 3) Computer-based letter archiving systems can streamline the process of processing incoming and outgoing mail data, archiving, and report generation. 4) Letter security is enhanced by using advanced Master Document Passwords.  

The smooth operation of the ship is inseparable from the support of auxiliary aircraft with good work and maintenance systems. The compressor as a producer of compressed air which will be used for the initial ignition of the main engine, and auxiliary engines as well as working air services in the engine section and the deck section. Thus, maintenance needs to be carried out so that the required air capacity can be fulfilled at any time. For the smooth operation of the machine, good maintenance management is needed so that its condition is maintained and when it is used there are no problems and it can work optimally. Many experts say that how important it is to make a good maintenance management. The method used in this research is the field research method supported by conducting interviews with several parties related to the research topic and supported by library research methods. To carry out maintenance and repairs to the air compressor on the main engine at KM Umsini, it is necessary to carry out maintenance and repair management which includes planning, organizing, implementing and finally controlling. The suggestion that the author can convey is that the ship's crew, especially the engineers, learn correctly the workings or functions of the air compressor on the main engine so that when the ship is operating it experiences problems that can be resolved properly.

The three main factors determining combustion efficiency in Otto engines are optimal compression pressure, effective ignition, and fuel quality. In this study, two critical variables—fuel pump pressure (38, 43, and 48 Psi) and fuel type (RON 90 and RON 92)—were analyzed to understand their impact on specific fuel consumption (SFC). An experimental research method was employed to test the effect of independent variables on dependent variables under controlled conditions. The results indicate that a fuel pump pressure of 43 Psi provides the most stable and efficient fuel consumption performance for both fuel types across the entire engine speed range. A fuel pump pressure of 38 Psi is optimal at medium engine speeds but less efficient at high speeds, whereas a pressure of 48 Psi is most efficient at low to medium speeds but decreases in efficiency at high speeds. Overall, RON 92 fuel shows an efficiency improvement over RON 90, particularly at medium to high engine speeds. The combination of a fuel pump pressure of 43 Psi and the use of RON 92 fuel is recommended to achieve optimal specific fuel consumption, as it provides consistent efficiency across various engine operating conditions.

To determine the mineral content and composition of a rock, a petrographic test is carried out using a thin section method. Petrographic test is known as an efficient test of time and energy with accurate results in obtaining the composition and mineral content of rocks. The Point Load test is an index test that has been widely used to predict the UCS value of a rock indirectly in the field. This is due to the simple test procedure, easy sample preparation and can be done in the field, so that the strength of the rock can be quickly known in the field before testing in the laboratory.

Rock strength has an important role in the mining industry. These forces can determine many aspects of mining such as slope geometry, excavation, blasting, and drilling. Rock strength can include tensile strength, compressive strength, and shear strength. In this case, the test is carried out to determine the correlation of uniaxial compressive strength and indirect tensile strength. The method used to determine the correlation of compressive strength and indirect tensile strength is by linear regression approach, which will then be analyzed for accuracy through Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage error (MAPE). This study used quantitative and qualitative methods, starting from the coordinate data of rock sampling locations, physical properties and mechanical properties. In this study, there were 6 sampling locations located in 2 different areas, namely Loa Janan and Sanga-sanga. The secondary data used are regional geological maps and maps of the area where the study is located. Furthermore, secondary data is processed using Arcgis software for mapping, and using Microsoft Excel software to assist in calculations in determining the value of physical and mechanical properties of rocks. The results of the compressive and tensile strength tests in this study showed a perfect corelation using linear regression, namely UCS= 3.9582 σt - 0.4004, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.972 and a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.945. and obtained RMSE 0.033 and MAPE 5.89%.