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This study examines the phenomenon of child marriage in Grobogan Regency by focusing on the relationship between child vulnerability and the effectiveness of child protection policies within a local context. Despite the revision of the legal minimum marriage age to 19 years through Law No. 16 of 2019, child marriage remains a persistent social issue. Data from the Religious Court of Purwodadi indicate that there were 562 cases in 2024, 463 cases in 2025, and 152 cases from January to April 2026, totaling 1,177 cases. This condition highlights a significant gap between policy formulation and its implementation at the local level. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study explores the multidimensional vulnerability of children, particularly girls, which includes economic hardship, limited access to education, weak bargaining power within families, and strong socio-cultural pressures. The findings reveal that child marriage is not merely an individual choice but a structural outcome shaped by gender inequality and restricted capabilities. Furthermore, social norms and community influence play a crucial role in sustaining the practice, often overriding formal legal frameworks. Although various prevention efforts have been implemented through policy interventions, socialization programs, and institutional coordination, these efforts remain fragmented and insufficiently integrated. The study concludes that addressing child marriage requires a comprehensive and multisectoral approach that combines legal enforcement, economic empowerment, educational access, and transformation of social norms. Strengthening local governance capacity and community engagement is essential to ensure more effective and sustainable child protection policies.

Vomitus is the forceful expulsion of gastric contents through the mouth, commonly occurring in children as a clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal diseases. Based on medical records of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, vomitus cases increased to 355 cases in 2025. Therefore, comprehensive nursing care is needed to address problems arising from vomiting in children. This study used a descriptive method in the form of a case study through a nursing process approach, aimed at describing nursing care for a pediatric patient with vomitus. Three nursing diagnoses were identified in An. A with vomitus: Nausea related to gastric irritation/stimulation of the vomiting center, Risk of Fluid Imbalance related to repeated vomiting, and Knowledge Deficit related to lack of information exposure. Nursing interventions provided included Vomiting Management, Fluid Management, and Health Education. After three days of nursing implementation, all three nursing diagnoses were resolved, marked by the disappearance of nausea, improved appetite, normal hydration status (moist mucosa, good skin turgor, pulse 88x/minute), and the patient's mother and patient being able to understand and re-explain health education material about vomitus.

This research investigates the integration of Sound Governance principles within the sustainable tourism policy cycle as a mechanism to mitigate institutional fragmentation and evaluation inefficiencies in developing economies. Adopting a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, the study establishes a multidimensional evaluation framework congruent with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Policy performance is rigorously analyzed across five strategic domains: Economy, Social-Welfare, Culture-Education, Environment, and Governance. The quantitative methodology employs 17 adapted SDG indicators to assess policy efficacy, while the subsequent qualitative phase utilizes semi-structured interviews and stakeholder mapping to deconstruct complex power dynamics within multi-actor co-management structures. The empirical findings demonstrate that Sound Governance—predicated on transparency and accountability—acts as a fundamental catalyst for policy effectiveness. It significantly enhances destination sustainability through a structured input-process-output-outcome-impact pathway. Evidence from the case study of Penglipuran Village, Bali, validates these results, showing that while indigenous institutional legitimacy bolsters social responsiveness, it remains susceptible to economic dependencies driven by overtourism. Ultimately, this study asserts that embedding SDGs into the policy evaluation cycle elevates assessments from perfunctory administrative exercises to strategic instruments essential for ecosystem preservation and long-term demand stability. These insights establish Sound Governance as a strategic intangible asset, providing significant theoretical contributions to development administration and offering pragmatic frameworks for policy-makers managing sustainable destinations in competitive global markets.

Small-scale fishers and aquaculture producers in Grobogan Regency face a dual challenge: weak bargaining power within traditional marketing structures and growing pressures on fisheries resources at the regional level. On the one hand, long distribution chains and dependence on intermediaries limit market access and price transparency. On the other hand, stock pressures in the Java Sea create supply uncertainty and income instability. This study aims to analyze the role of marketing digitalization in strengthening the economic resilience of small-scale producers in Grobogan and to propose an integrative framework linking technology-driven distribution with resource sustainability. The study adopts a qualitative case-study design, drawing on secondary data from official statistics (including BPS publications and the 2023 Agricultural Census for the fisheries subsector), as well as relevant scholarly literature and policy documents. Data are analyzed using descriptive-qualitative and thematic approaches to map business structures, value chains, and the opportunities and constraints of digital adoption. The findings indicate that marketing digitalization can shorten supply chains, enhance price transparency, and expand market access for small-scale producers. However, its effectiveness depends on human capital readiness, supporting infrastructure particularly cold-chain and logistics and stronger local institutions. Without integration with sustainable resource management, expanded market access may incentivize production intensification and increase ecological pressure. The novelty of this paper lies in proposing an integrative framework that combines the digital economy dimension with the ecological dimension within the local context of Grobogan to inform sustainable small-scale fisheries empowerment strategies.

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by deviation in attitudes, thoughts and behaviors, and can cause positive and negative symptoms. One of the most frequently occurring negative symptoms is social withdrawal, which leads to the problem of Social Isolation: Withdrawal. Social isolation is a condition that causes individuals to experience a decline or even inability to interact with others and their environment. The purpose of this case study was to apply nursing care to patients with social isolation: withdrawal due to undifferentiated schizophrenia in Gatotkaca Ward of RSJD dr. Amino Gondohutomo, Central Java Province. This scientific paper was written using a descriptive method in the form of a case study through the nursing process approach. Data collection methods used were interview, observation, documentation study, and literature study. Nursing diagnoses that emerged in the patient with Social Isolation: Withdrawal were Social Isolation as the Core Problem, Low Self-Esteem as the Cause, Risk of Hallucination as the Effect, and Self-Care Deficit as a concurrent problem. Interventions were only carried out on Social Isolation and Self-Care Deficit problems, consisting of SP 1 through SP 3 for Social Isolation and SP 2 for Self-Care Deficit: Grooming. After nursing implementation for 4 days, of the 4 nursing diagnoses that emerged, only 2 nursing diagnoses were intervened, namely Social Isolation and Self-Care Deficit. SP 1 through SP 3 for Social Isolation and SP2 for Self-Care Deficit: Grooming were competently achieved. This indicates that the goals of the Implementation Strategy provided were achieved cognitively, affectively, and psychomotorically.

The agricultural sector is a strategic pillar of Grobogan Regency's economy; however, this significant potential has not fully improved farmers' welfare. The Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP) decreased from 110.12 in 2023 to 106.85 in 2024, indicating weakening purchasing power due to rising fertilizer and transportation costs without being offset by commodity selling prices. This situation underscores the need for local government policies focused on increasing the NTP above 110 to achieve sustainable farmer welfare. This study aims to analyze the role of the Grobogan Regency Government in strengthening the agricultural sector as the main driver of local community welfare. The research employed a qualitative policy approach with a descriptive case study strategy, using triangulation of interviews, field observations, and review of policy documents such as the Grobogan RPJMD 2021–2026 and the 2024 Agriculture Office annual report. The results show that local government initiatives, such as irrigation network rehabilitation with a budget of IDR 32.5 billion, farmer group empowerment through the Climate Field School Program and Gapoktan strengthening, as well as demonstration plots of superior seed innovations, contributed to a 2.3% increase in rice productivity and a 7% increase in farmers' income. However, challenges remain regarding budget limitations and cross-sector coordination. In conclusion, strengthening policy integration, technological innovation, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are key to enabling the agricultural sector to genuinely enhance community welfare inclusively and sustainably in Grobogan Regency.

Food and nutrition governance is a central issue in subnational development, especially in areas with high agricultural potential but persistent malnutrition. This study analyzes how Grobogan Regency, Indonesia, implements food and nutrition governance through its 2025–2029 Regional Action Plan for Food and Nutrition Based on Local Resource Potential (RAD-PGBPSDL). Using qualitative policy analysis, the research examines policy design, strategic priorities, coordination mechanisms, and indicator frameworks, supported by secondary data on food production, consumption, poverty, and nutrition. Findings show that Grobogan possesses strong local food assets, including surplus production, improved dietary quality, and diverse commodities. However, major governance challenges persist, such as high stunting rates, maternal energy deficiency, uneven food access, climate-related production risks, and fragmented cross-sector data systems. The policy demonstrates a shift toward multisectoral governance by integrating food availability, affordability, utilization, institutional coordination, climate resilience, and local food diversification. Implementation may be constrained by limited operational detail, uneven agency readiness, and insufficient monitoring and accountability. The study highlights that effective food and nutrition governance requires institutional coordination, evidence-based planning, and adaptive public management. The Grobogan case provides practical lessons for strengthening subnational governance in Indonesia and similar developing contexts.

This study examines the impact of implementing the Smart City Program in Grobogan Regency on the social and economic well-being of the local community. The research is motivated by local government efforts, supported by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, to apply the Smart City concept in order to improve public service quality, community welfare, and local economic growth. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method focused on Grobogan Regency. The method enables an in-depth analysis of the local context and the implementation of the program, which covers various social and economic dimensions. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively and inferentially to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the program’s impact. The results show that the Smart City Program has improved public service efficiency, strengthened local businesses through business ecosystem development, increased financial literacy, and enhanced the quality of life of the Grobogan community. However, challenges remain, particularly inequalities in access and digital literacy. The findings emphasize the important role of Smart Cities in sustainable development by promoting social and economic transformation, inclusive prosperity, capacity building, and cross-sector collaboration based on the real needs of the community in a gradual, adaptive, collaborative, and community-oriented regional manner.

This study aims to identify and explain the factors that influence business management, particularly through a case study of a shipping company. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review method. Secondary data were collected from reputable national and international journal articles that had undergone a peer review process, ensuring that the sources used were academically reliable and relevant to the research focus. The data were analyzed through content analysis and thematic analysis to identify patterns, relationships, and key themes related to business management practices. The results of the study show that organizational structure, leadership, and communication are important factors that influence the effectiveness of business management. Organizational structure contributes to the clarity of roles, responsibilities, and work coordination. Leadership affects direction, decision-making, and employee motivation, while communication supports information flow, coordination, and organizational effectiveness. The managerial implications of this study indicate that efficient business management requires a well-structured organization, effective leadership, and clear communication to support better operational performance and decision-making

Vandalism is a social problem affecting public space quality, urban aesthetics, and the effectiveness of public facilities utilization. Karawang Regency, as a developing industrial area, faces challenges related to increasing acts of vandalism targeting public facilities, open spaces, and government and private assets. This study aims to analyze preventive efforts carried out by the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) of Karawang Regency using J. Salusu’s public sector strategic management perspective. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving Satpol PP officers and public facility users. Data analysis consisted of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing with source, technique, and time triangulation. The findings indicate that preventive strategies have been implemented through four strategic management phases. In the identification phase, Satpol PP recognized vandalism patterns but lacked systematic mapping of vulnerable locations. In the development phase, institutional strengths existed alongside limitations in resources and innovation. In the resolution phase, strategies focused on socialization, routine patrols, and cross-sector collaboration. In implementation and evaluation, preventive programs operated adaptively but still encountered limitations in personnel capacity and public participation. Strengthening technology utilization, human resources, and collaborative governance is necessary to improve long-term preventive effectiveness.

Dysphagia in extremely elderly patients represents a significant clinical challenge because it is frequently associated with frailty, malnutrition, and an increased risk of aspiration. Multifactorial etiologies and atypical clinical manifestations may complicate diagnosis and delay appropriate management. This study aimed to describe the diagnostic evaluation and clinical findings of dysphagia in an extremely elderly patient through a case report supported by a scoping review. A 105-year-old woman with chronic progressive dysphagia underwent comprehensive assessment, including physical examination, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, histopathological evaluation, and chest radiography. Relevant literature on dysphagia in geriatric populations was reviewed to provide contextual understanding of diagnostic challenges and underlying etiologies. The evaluation revealed chronic active gastritis and a hamartomatous polyp in the gastroesophageal region without evidence of malignancy. Comprehensive assessment successfully excluded malignant and acute obstructive causes, emphasizing the complexity of dysphagia diagnosis in extremely elderly individuals with frailty and aspiration risk. These findings underscore the importance of endoscopic and histopathological examinations in distinguishing benign from malignant etiologies and support early recognition of multifactorial non-malignant causes to optimize clinical management and reduce the risk of adverse outcomes in this vulnerable population

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist into adulthood and affect academic, social, and occupational functioning. In adult patients, ADHD is frequently associated with an increased risk of Substance Use Disorder (SUD), raising concerns regarding the potential for misuse and dependence related to stimulant medications used in ADHD therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for adult ADHD and to review the risk of stimulant misuse and dependence based on current scientific evidence. The method employed in this study was a literature review using data obtained from national and international journals indexed in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar published between 2017 and 2026. The findings indicated that stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine, were effective in reducing the core symptoms of ADHD by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the central nervous system. Most studies reported that the use of stimulant medications at therapeutic doses and under medical supervision was not significantly associated with an increased risk of substance misuse or dependence. The risk of misuse was more commonly observed in cases involving non-medical use and inadequate clinical monitoring. In addition to pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacological approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) also contributed to improving treatment outcomes and patients’ quality of life. Therefore, the use of stimulant medications in adult ADHD patients may be considered relatively safe and effective when administered rationally, individually, and under appropriate medical supervision.

Project scheduling is a critical aspect of ensuring the successful implementation of construction projects, particularly bridge projects that involve a high degree of complexity. Poor schedule quality may result in project delays, inaccurate critical path identification, and inadequate project control. This study aims to evaluate the schedule quality of a pile slab bridge project using the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) 14-Point Schedule Assessment method, supported by Oracle Primavera P6 software. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach applied to an existing baseline schedule. The assessment results indicate that several parameters have satisfied the DCMA standards, including relationship type, hard constraints, soft constraints, negative float, large duration, and invalid progress. Conversely, several parameters remain non-compliant with the established standards, namely network logic, positive lag, large float, resources/cost, and the Baseline Execution Index (BEI). This study concludes that the project schedule has not fully adhered to the principles of a network-driven schedule and continues to function primarily as an administrative time schedule. The findings of this study offer practical contributions to construction project management by providing recommendations that encompass the refinement of network logic relationships, reduction of excessive lag usage, implementation of resource and cost loading, and progress updates based on the established baseline, thereby enabling the schedule to serve as a more effective, reliable, and integrated project control tool

Submandibular Abscess is an accumulation of pus in the neck space resulting from the spread of infection, most commonly originating from dental infection. This condition requires surgical incision and drainage along with comprehensive nursing care to prevent serious complications. This study used a descriptive method in the form of a case study approach through the nursing process, aimed at describing nursing care for patients with Pre and Post Op Submandibular Abscess. Nursing diagnoses that emerged in Ny. T consisted of five diagnoses: Pre-op: Acute Pain related to physiological injuring agent and Anxiety related to situational crisis. Post-op: Acute Pain related to physical injuring agent, Risk of Infection evidenced by invasive procedures, and Knowledge Deficit related to lack of information exposure. Interventions provided included Pain Management, Relaxation Therapy, Infection Prevention, and Health Education. After nursing implementation for four days (February 12-15, 2026), out of the five diagnoses, two were fully resolved: anxiety and knowledge deficit, while three others were partially resolved due to time constraints, requiring continuous follow-up of nursing care.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist into adulthood and affect academic, social, and occupational functioning. In adult patients, ADHD is frequently associated with an increased risk of Substance Use Disorder (SUD), raising concerns regarding the potential for misuse and dependence related to stimulant medications used in ADHD therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for adult ADHD and to review the risk of stimulant misuse and dependence based on current scientific evidence. The method employed in this study was a literature review using data obtained from national and international journals indexed in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar published between 2017 and 2026. The findings indicated that stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine, were effective in reducing the core symptoms of ADHD by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the central nervous system. Most studies reported that the use of stimulant medications at therapeutic doses and under medical supervision was not significantly associated with an increased risk of substance misuse or dependence. The risk of misuse was more commonly observed in cases involving non-medical use and inadequate clinical monitoring. In addition to pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacological approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) also contributed to improving treatment outcomes and patients’ quality of life. Therefore, the use of stimulant medications in adult ADHD patients may be considered relatively safe and effective when administered rationally, individually, and under appropriate medical supervision.

Hypertension is a condition in which systolic blood pressure exceeds 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is above 90 mmHg. Hypertension is the leading chronic non-communicable disease among adults in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 26.5%, and tends to increase with age. Family nursing care plays an important role in helping patients manage hypertension through education, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, and ongoing monitoring. This case study aimed to describe comprehensive nursing care for Ny. K, a 66-year-old patient from the family of Tn. I, diagnosed with hypertension in Desa Tonjong RT 02 RW 04, Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes. Nursing care was conducted from December 27 to 29, 2025, using interview, physical examination, observation, and documentation methods. Two nursing diagnoses were identified: (1) Risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, and (2) Knowledge deficit related to hypertension. Nursing interventions included vital sign monitoring, oral medication administration (Amlodipine 10 mg), health education on hypertension, and non-pharmacological therapy using bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) decoction. Evaluation results showed that the knowledge deficit was resolved after one session of health education, while the risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion was partially resolved, with blood pressure decreasing from 180/100 mmHg to 165/90 mmHg over three home visits. It is recommended that families continue the bay leaf decoction therapy for one week and maintain regular blood pressure monitoring at the nearest health facility.

Stroke is a neurological condition caused by disruption of blood flow to the brain due to blockage or rupture of blood vessels, leading to nerve cell death. WHO (2022) recorded more than 12 million new stroke cases annually, with a prevalence in Brebes Regency reaching 27.83 per mil. The high incidence of stroke accompanied by physical mobility impairment and the family's lack of knowledge about its management highlights the importance of comprehensive family nursing care. This study aims to apply a complete nursing care process including assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation to the family of Mr. K with a stroke case. The method used is descriptive with a case study approach through family nursing care. Assessment findings revealed that the patient had experienced stroke for approximately 7 years with a history of hypertension, weakness of the right extremities, decreased muscle strength, blood pressure of 160/90 mmHg, and the family did not understand how to care for stroke at home. Two nursing diagnoses were established: ineffective health maintenance in the family and impaired physical mobility. Interventions included health education about stroke, Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, and rubber ball grip therapy involving the family as caregivers. After 2 days of implementation, both nursing diagnoses were resolved: ineffective health maintenance in the family was resolved and impaired physical mobility was resolved.

Introduction: Febrile seizures are seizure episodes that occur due to an increase in body temperature above 38°C without evidence of central nervous system infection such as meningitis or encephalitis. In Indonesia, the prevalence of febrile seizures is approximately 2–5% among children aged 6 months to 3 years, and around 30% of these cases experience recurrence or recurrent febrile seizures. Therefore, an appropriate nursing care plan is required to manage patients with febrile seizures. Methods: This scientific paper employed a descriptive narrative method to illustrate the provision of nursing care to patients through the nursing process approach. The general objective of this study was to understand and implement nursing care for patients with febrile seizures. Results: The nursing diagnoses identified in patients with febrile seizures were hyperthermia, risk for injury, and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included hyperthermia management, safety management, and health education. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, two nursing diagnoses were resolved and one was partially resolved. Discharge planning included monitoring the patient's condition, particularly for seizure signs, maintaining a safe environment, educating the family about injury prevention during seizures, and encouraging family members to continuously supervise the patient.

Judicial digital transformation through the implementation of e-Court and e-Litigation represents a strategic initiative of the Supreme Court of Indonesia to establish a modern, effective, and efficient judiciary. These innovations have successfully transformed various stages of civil case administration and litigation into faster and more transparent processes. However, the success of digitalization in case examination has not been accompanied by similar reforms in the execution of court judgments. This study aims to analyze the regulation of civil judgment execution following the implementation of e-Court and e-Litigation, identify challenges encountered in practice, and formulate a concept of execution digitalization as part of judicial reform. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary legal sources in the form of legislation and Supreme Court regulations, as well as secondary legal sources including scholarly literature and previous studies. The findings reveal that although e-Court and e-Litigation have accelerated dispute resolution processes, the execution of civil judgments remains largely conventional. Consequently, several challenges persist, including delays in execution, lack of transparency, and limited supervision by litigating parties. Therefore, the development of an integrated Digital Execution System linked to existing electronic judicial platforms is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of judgment enforcement and ensure greater legal certainty for justice seekers.

Introduction: Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg that has the potential to cause serious complications. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.11% (Riskesdas, 2018), in Central Java 37.57%, and in Tonjong Village 15,951 patients aged ≥15 years were recorded (Tonjong Health Center, 2025). Purpose: To provide direct and comprehensive family nursing care to Ny. T, the family of Tn. D, with hypertension in Tonjong Village, Dukuh Kauman RT 03 RW 04, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: Case study with a nursing process approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation, conducted on December 26–29, 2025. Results: Assessment revealed that Ny. T complained of dizziness, neck pain, difficulty sleeping, and soreness in both legs with blood pressure of 167/100 mmHg. The family had no knowledge about hypertension. Two diagnoses were established: Acute Pain (D.0077) and Knowledge Deficit (D.0111). Interventions included complementary foot massage therapy to address acute pain and health education on hypertension. After three visits, the Acute Pain diagnosis was partially resolved with a decrease in pain scale from 3 to 2 and blood pressure from 167/100 mmHg to 150/95 mmHg, while the Knowledge Deficit diagnosis was fully resolved. Conclusion: Family Nursing Care with the SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI approach had a positive impact on improving the condition of Ny. T. It is recommended that the client continue foot massage independently, implement the five family health tasks, and routinely utilize health facilities.