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In the digital era, conventional media such as radio face significant challenges due to shifts in media consumption behavior, particularly among urban youth who prefer digital platforms and social media. Jak 101 FM has adapted by utilizing Instagram digital media in an off-air program titled “Jak After School” to reach a broader audience and build a positive image. This study examines the public relations strategy of Jak 101 FM in managing Instagram as part of promotion and image enhancement using descriptive qualitative methods and Chris Heuer's 4C theory (context, communication, collaboration, and connection). Research findings show that Jak 101 FM's public relations strategy involves creative content production, utilization of Instagram's interactive features, collaborating with local communities and influencers, and building emotional connections with audiences. The “Jak After School” program become an effective medium that strengthens audience loyalty and maintains Jak 101 FM's existence amid digital media industry competition.

The rapid development of the smart city concept encourages the need for energy management that is more efficient, sustainable and adaptive to the needs of modern urban communities. In this context, renewable energy is the main solution to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources that are limited and pollute the environment. This research aims to optimize the utilization of renewable energy in smart cities by integrating Big Data technology and Decision Support Systems (DSS). The approach used in this research is a case study and system modeling method, which involves collecting energy data from various sources such as IoT sensors, weather stations, and energy distribution systems in real-time. The data is then analyzed using Big Data Analytics techniques to identify energy consumption patterns, potential renewable energy production, and peak load predictions. Furthermore, a decision support system was designed to assist policy makers and city managers in determining optimal energy distribution and usage strategies based on the available data and simulations. The results show that the integration of Big Data and DSS is able to increase the efficiency of renewable energy utilization up to 25% compared to conventional systems. In addition, the system is also able to dynamically respond to changing conditions and provide more accurate and adaptive decision recommendations. These findings indicate that the synergy between data technology and decision support systems plays a strategic role in creating sustainable and environmentally sound smart cities.

Pogalan Village in Pakis District, Central Java, is known as a horticultural agricultural center, with abundant vegetable production every year. However, behind this potential, this village faces a serious problem in the form of large amounts of organic waste generated from harvest residue and agricultural processing. Waste that is not managed properly has the potential to cause environmental pollution, reduce the village's aesthetics, and become a source of disease spread. To address these problems, the Tidar University Community Service Program (KKN-50) Team conducted a socialization activity for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot cultivation as an environmentally friendly and economically valuable organic waste management solution. BSF maggots have been proven to decompose organic waste by up to 60% in a short time and produce useful by-products, such as dried maggots as high-protein animal feed and kasgot (used maggots) that can be used as organic fertilizer. The activity was held on July 31, 2025, at the Pogalan Village Hall, with the main participants being PKK mothers as agents of change at the household and community levels. The implementation method included initial observation of the village's potential and problems, creation of a maggot cultivation prototype, theoretical material outreach, and live demonstrations of the cultivation process. The material provided covered the BSF life cycle, cultivation techniques, selection of growing media, maggot population management, and utilization of cultivation products. The results of the activity showed high enthusiasm from participants, as reflected in the many questions and discussions during the training session, as well as their increased understanding of the benefits and techniques of maggot cultivation.

Sultan Thaha Airport, Jambi, is one of the airports that has implemented a digital Airport PAS application process through a website-based system. This application information system is designed to improve efficiency and effectiveness in the PAS (Personal Airport Security) application process, which was previously done manually. With this system, it is expected that the entire administrative process can run faster, more transparently, and minimize errors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the e-PAS information system, and to identify obstacles that arise in its implementation in the work environment of Sultan Thaha Airport, Jambi. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with a blackbox testing approach to test the system's functionality. Data collection techniques were carried out through direct observation, interviews with 3 PAS applicants and 6 operational officers, and documentation related to system use. The data obtained were analyzed through the process of data reduction, data presentation, as well as drawing conclusions and verification. Data validity testing was carried out using the source and technique triangulation method. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the e-PAS system has run quite well. However, several technical challenges remain, hindering the smooth running of the process, such as disruptions to the data input system, challenges with information validation, and suboptimal or incomplete system features. These findings provide important input for system developers to make continuous improvements to ensure more effective and efficient services in the future. Improved training for staff is also necessary to ensure optimal system utilization. Furthermore, regular evaluations of system performance are mandatory to maintain consistent service quality.

This study aims to analyze the influence of domestic wastewater management and space utilization control on pests in river-equivalent areas in Lalat Regency. The main problem raised is the low effectiveness of environmental management in the corresponding area due to the increase in domestic activities and its weakness in spatial planning. The approach used is quantitative with multiple linear regression methods. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires to 200 respondents, and secondary data were obtained through documentation studies and field observations. The results of the analysis showed that simultaneously, the five independent variables (environmental management, space availability, community participation, government supervision, and environmental infrastructure) had a significant effect on the habitat in the corresponding area (p = 0.046). Partially, only waste management (p = 0.016) and community participation (p = 0.042) had a significant effect. A determination coefficient (R²) value of 7.5% indicates that the desires of a region are also influenced by other external factors. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the need to improve the household waste management system through the construction of communal WWTP and improve the quality of household septic tanks, as well as community empowerment through the establishment of environmental forums and sustainable sanitation education to support spatial control and poverty in commensurate areas.

Quality education services are closely linked to the effectiveness of financial and asset governance within local government institutions. This study aims to explore in depth the strategic role of the Finance and Assets Subdivision in enhancing the effectiveness of education services under the Central Kalimantan Provincial Education Office. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis was carried out following the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the Finance Subdivision plays a critical role in needs-based budget planning, ensuring that financial allocations align with educational priorities and policies. It manages key funding sources such as School Operational Assistance (BOS) and Special Allocation Funds (DAK) with a focus on transparency, accountability, and timely reporting. Meanwhile, the Asset Subdivision contributes through systematic recording, equitable distribution, and optimal utilization of regional property. These responsibilities are supported by regular training programs and consistent monitoring to ensure that facilities remain functional and beneficial for educational purposes. The implementation of integrated digital management systems, such as SIMDA, SIKD, and SIPKD, has significantly improved data accuracy, accessibility, and overall management efficiency. These systems allow for more transparent governance and facilitate informed decision-making at the institutional level. The study concludes that the active and coordinated role of the Finance and Assets Subdivision forms a strong foundation for professional, efficient, and sustainable education governance. The findings suggest that strengthening human resource capacity, enhancing interdepartmental coordination, and further integrating digital information systems are essential strategies to improve the quality and equity of education services in the region. Such improvements will contribute to achieving better educational outcomes and fostering public trust in government-managed education services.

The low level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers regarding the use of the KIA handbook is due to their suboptimal use. Many mothers view the KIA handbook as merely a record of routine checkups, thus failing to understand the information it contains. This study aims to identify factors influencing the utilization of the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) handbook among mothers with toddlers in the Kwala Bekala Community Health Center (Puskesmas), Medan, Johor, in 2025. The study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 45 mothers of toddlers living in the area. The sampling technique used was multistage sampling, conducted in stages to obtain appropriate respondents. The results showed that 62.2% of the utilization of the KIA handbook was influenced by mothers' attitudes, particularly regarding the implementation of the immunization program for pregnant women. The more positive the mother's attitude toward immunization, the greater the support of her husband's involvement in the process. The direction of the relationship found in this study was positive. Several factors that may influence mothers' attitudes toward the use of the KIA handbook include the number of children (the majority have one child (51.1%), the mother's education level (the highest is elementary school level at 19.42%), and the mother's occupation (the most common being a housewife at 30.66%). The use of the KIA handbook is classified as good at 62.2%, and the mother's attitude toward immunization during pregnancy shows a positive attitude at 75.6%.  

This research is motivated by the importance of implementing sustainable tourism management principles in the management of Citumang Nature Tourism, Bojong Village, Parigi District, Pangandaran Regency. This management not only emphasizes the utilization of economic value, but must also pay attention to the preservation of the natural environment, socio-cultural values and aspects, and the active involvement of the local community. This aims to ensure that the benefits of Citumang's existence can be felt by all levels of society. The purpose of this study is to determine the form and effectiveness of collaboration between the village government, stakeholders, and the community in managing this nature tourism. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through literature studies and field studies. Data analysis is carried out in three stages, namely data collection, data reduction, and data presentation. The results of the study indicate that the collaboration between the village government, stakeholders, and the community still faces several obstacles. Problems identified include the lack of official licenses or professional guide certificates for tour guides, an unclear organizational structure resulting in weak coordination between the village government and tour guide groups, limited proactive leadership, which reduces community motivation and participation in tourism development, low community involvement in the planning and implementation of tourism activities, and a lack of effective promotion to attract visitors. These conditions have resulted in the suboptimal development of Citumang's tourism potential as a leading regional destination. This study recommends the establishment of a clear organizational structure, increased human resource capacity through guide training and certification, strengthening the role of visionary and inclusive leadership, increasing community participation in all stages of tourism management, and implementing creative and targeted promotional strategies. This will enable Citumang's nature tourism management to be more effective, sustainable, and provide optimal benefits for all stakeholders.

The digital economy has significantly transformed economic growth by introducing innovations in payment systems and financial services. The modernization of payment instruments through monetary policy has enhanced the ability to control inflation and ensure financial system stability. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of monetary policy and the utilization of the digital economy in maintaining financial stability in Indonesia. Using time series data from 2010 to 2024 obtained from the World Bank, this research applies the Vector Autoregression (VAR) method to examine both short-term and long-term relationships among variables, including e-money, money supply, inflation, exchange rate, interest rate, and credit card usage. The results show that e-money has a significant reciprocal influence on the money supply, while inflation is also affected by e-money and interest rates. The impulse response function demonstrates that the interactions among these variables tend to converge towards equilibrium over time. Variance decomposition analysis indicates that in the short term, e-money primarily drives financial stability, whereas in the medium and long term, the money supply plays a dominant role. Overall, the findings suggest that monetary policy, supported by digital economic systems, effectively enhances financial system stability in Indonesia. This research contributes to understanding the dual effect of digital payment innovations and provides recommendations for policymakers to strengthen financial inclusion, economic resilience, and macro-financial stability in the digital era.

The implementation of the Regional Government Information Sistem (Sistem Informasi Pemerintahan Daerah, SIPD) represents a strategic initiative to strengthen transparency, accountability, and efficiency in regional financial management. Designed to integrate financial data and facilitate standardized reporting across local government units, SIPD is regulated under Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 70 of 2019. However, in practice, the adoption of SIPD in various regions, including Rote Ndao Regency, encounters persistent technical and administrative challenges that limit its optimal utilization. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SIPD in managing regional finances within Rote Ndao Regency. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, direct observation of system operations, and analysis of relevant documents. The findings reveal that SIPD implementation in Rote Ndao generally complies with the regulatory framework, indicating that the system has been formally adopted and is operational within the expected governance structure. Nonetheless, several issues undermine its effectiveness, including frequent system errors, limited functionality in accounting and reporting modules, and delays in data entry from organizational units. These limitations affect the timeliness, accuracy, and integration of financial reports, ultimately constraining decision-making processes. The study suggests that to fully realize SIPD’s potential, strategic improvements are required. These include enhancing the capacity and skills of human resources responsible for system operation, upgrading IT infrastructure to ensure system stability, and expanding SIPD’s features to meet practical accounting and reporting needs. The research contributes valuable insights for regional governments, policymakers, and system developers, emphasizing the need for continuous system refinement, targeted training programs, and infrastructure investment. By addressing these challenges, SIPD can serve as a more reliable and sustainable tool for promoting transparent and accountable regional financial governance.

The rapid growth of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in the culinary sector in Denpasar City has made a significant contribution to the regional economy and job creation. This sector has become one of the key drivers of local economic activity, attracting both residents and tourists. However, despite its potential, challenges persist. Fluctuations in the number of MSE actors and the suboptimal use of social media for marketing hinder sustainable income growth. Moreover, poor decisions regarding business location and inappropriate pricing strategies often become barriers to achieving business success. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous effects of business location, pricing, and social media usage on the income of culinary MSEs in Denpasar City. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method, in which questionnaires were distributed to 99 culinary MSE actors. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to evaluate the influence of each variable both simultaneously and partially. The results reveal that business location, pricing, and social media usage together have a significant effect on MSE income. Partially, business location and pricing show a positive and significant influence, indicating that strategic location selection and competitive pricing play crucial roles in increasing income. In contrast, social media usage does not significantly affect income, suggesting that while digital platforms have potential as marketing tools, their benefits remain limited without effective content strategies and adequate digital literacy. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening fundamental business aspects, particularly location and pricing strategies, to improve MSE performance. Furthermore, policy support and targeted assistance programs focusing on enhancing digital literacy and managerial capacity among MSE actors are essential. By addressing these areas, the culinary sector in Denpasar City can achieve more sustainable growth and contribute even more effectively to the local economy.

This program is designed to address the key barriers facing communities in implementing digital marketing strategies, such as limited resources, lack of expertise, and a lack of specific skills. To address these challenges, the program is structured in three main stages. First, the marketing challenges faced by local businesses are identified. This stage is crucial for understanding the real challenges faced by the community. Second, solutions tailored to local needs are developed, based on relevant and applicable digital marketing strategies. Third, these strategies are directly implemented to drive increased income through the use of digital platforms, particularly e-commerce and social media. Through this approach, communities are encouraged to utilize social media as a primary, effective and affordable marketing tool. The program aims to empower communities economically by helping expand the market reach of local products through digital platforms. Expected outcomes include increased community understanding of digital marketing concepts and practices, skills in optimal social media use, and increased product sales through broader digital channels. In addition to focusing on marketing aspects, the program also addresses the specific needs of the community in terms of production and business management. By strengthening understanding of the potential of digital technology, it is hoped that local businesses will be able to increase their competitiveness amidst global competition. This program will also be complemented by ongoing evaluation and monitoring mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of its impact and community adaptation to emerging challenges in the digital era. Therefore, this program is not only a short-term solution but also a strategic tool in supporting sustainable local economic growth.

The shift in lifestyle patterns, particularly in urban areas, has driven rapid growth in the fast food industry in Indonesia. Many franchise businesses are chosen by the public because they offer proven systems that reduce the risk of failure. This study aims to analyze and examine the market expansion strategies implemented by fast food franchise brand owners in Indonesia. The focus of this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies of several local and international fast food franchises. The methods used in this study include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation to gather relevant data on the strategies employed. Successful franchises are influenced by several key factors, including strong brand equity, clear operational standards, and support systems provided by the franchiser to franchisees. Furthermore, the ability to adapt to local tastes is also an essential aspect in the success of expanding fast food franchises in Indonesia. The study also reveals that the utilization of digital media, selection of strategic locations, and partnerships with food delivery services are major drivers of market expansion strategies. The results of this study emphasize that fast food franchises looking to grow further need to implement product differentiation strategies to remain competitive in an increasingly crowded market. Product innovation is key for franchises to stay relevant and stand out from other brands. Additionally, continuous mentoring and evaluation of franchise partners are critical for ensuring sustainable and mutually beneficial collaborations. Overall, applying the right strategies and ensuring sustainability will ensure the success and broader market expansion of fast food franchises in Indonesia.

This program is designed to address the key barriers facing communities in implementing digital marketing strategies, such as limited resources, lack of expertise, and a lack of specific skills. To address these challenges, the program is structured in three main stages. First, the marketing challenges faced by local businesses are identified. This stage is crucial for understanding the real challenges faced by the community. Second, solutions tailored to local needs are developed, based on relevant and applicable digital marketing strategies. Third, these strategies are directly implemented to drive increased income through the use of digital platforms, particularly e-commerce and social media. Through this approach, communities are encouraged to utilize social media as a primary, effective and affordable marketing tool. The program aims to empower communities economically by helping expand the market reach of local products through digital platforms. Expected outcomes include increased community understanding of digital marketing concepts and practices, skills in optimal social media use, and increased product sales through broader digital channels. In addition to focusing on marketing aspects, the program also addresses the specific needs of the community in terms of production and business management. By strengthening understanding of the potential of digital technology, it is hoped that local businesses will be able to increase their competitiveness amidst global competition. This program will also be complemented by ongoing evaluation and monitoring mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of its impact and community adaptation to emerging challenges in the digital era. Therefore, this program is not only a short-term solution but also a strategic tool in supporting sustainable local economic growth.

This study explores the impact of Business Development Services (BDS) on the profitability of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with a specific focus on distro businesses in the Medan Area, Medan. BDS refers to a range of non-financial services aimed at enhancing the growth, capacity, and performance of businesses. These services may include training, mentoring, market access, business planning, and other forms of support. The core objective of this research is to determine whether the utilization of BDS has a measurable influence on the financial outcomes of SMEs, particularly in terms of profitability. The study employs a quantitative research approach using a survey method. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to selected owners of distro businesses who had previously accessed BDS programs. The analysis was conducted using simple linear regression to evaluate the relationship between BDS engagement and business profitability. The results reveal a statistically significant and positive influence of BDS on profitability. SMEs that actively engaged with BDS programs showed noticeable improvements in their financial performance, indicating the effectiveness of these services in supporting business growth. In particular, distro businesses that received BDS assistance experienced increased efficiency, improved market reach, and better management practices, which contributed to higher profit margins. Based on these findings, the study highlights the critical role that BDS can play in enhancing the sustainability and competitiveness of SMEs. It recommends that more business owners in the distro sector take advantage of available BDS programs to support their development. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of governmental and institutional support in promoting and expanding access to BDS to ensure that a wider range of SMEs can benefit from these valuable services.

This research is motivated by the low utilization of accounting information by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which can impact suboptimal business decision-making. Accounting information plays an important role in helping business actors manage operational activities, plan finances, and evaluate business performance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of accounting knowledge, business scale, and business experience on the perception of the use of accounting information, both partially and simultaneously. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with a causal research type. The population in this study were all MSMEs in Ngronggot District, Nganjuk Regency, totaling 162 business units. The sample used was 62 respondents, obtained through a simple random sampling technique with calculations using the Slovin formula. The data collection method was carried out by distributing questionnaires to predetermined respondents. Data analysis used multiple linear regression methods with the help of SPSS software version 27. The results of the study indicate that partially, accounting knowledge and business scale have a significant influence on the perception of the use of accounting information. This indicates that the greater the level of accounting knowledge and the larger the business scale, the higher the positive perception of the importance of using accounting information. Conversely, business experience did not show a significant partial effect, indicating that the length of time a person has been running a business does not always lead to increased use of accounting information. However, simultaneously, all three variables—accounting knowledge, business scale, and business experience—significantly influenced perceptions of the use of accounting information. This finding implies that increasing accounting knowledge and expanding business scale need to be addressed in MSME empowerment programs to optimally utilize accounting information.

The development of digital technology has driven transformation across various sectors, including the food and beverage industry. Dessert businesses face challenges in improving operational efficiency and competitiveness in the digital market. One possible solution is the use of websites as marketing and sales platforms. However, without proper management methods, the utilization of this technology will not be optimal. Therefore, this study applies the POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) method to develop a website- based dessert sales system aimed at enhancing business efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study employs a descriptive approach with the POAC method in website-based marketing strategies. The planningphase involves designing e-commerce features, such as product catalogs, an online ordering system, and digital payments. The organizing phase focuses on resource management and technology integration, while actuating includes implementing the system using MySQL, PHP, and CodeIgniter. The controlling phase is conducted through system testing using the Blackbox Testing method to evaluate application performance. The study results indicate that implementing the POAC method in a website- based system enhances the operational efficiency of dessert businesses. Transaction records become more accurate, customers can easily access product information, and the digital payment system improves transaction convenience. Furthermore, the website enables businesses to reach a broader market without geographical limitations. The implementation of the POAC method in website-based business management has proven to improve marketing and sales effectiveness. With a more structured system, businesses can better adapt to market changes and enhance customer interactions. This digital-based strategy also opens new opportunities for developing the culinary business in the modern era.

This study aims to analyze the branding strategy in digital marketing carried out by Maire Homewear through Instagram and Shopee platforms in an effort to increase brand awareness. Maire Homewear is a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) engaged in the fashion sector with a flagship product in the form of patchwork daster. The focus of this study includes the branding strategy implemented, the obstacles encountered in its implementation, and the effectiveness of the strategy in building brand awareness among consumers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants in this study consisted of the owner of Maire Homewear, two resellers, and two consumers. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that Maire Homewear's branding strategy is still stronger in the offline realm, such as through the reseller system and participation in various exhibitions. Meanwhile, the utilization of digital marketing through Instagram and Shopee is considered less than optimal. Content shared on Instagram is still inconsistent, and interactive features such as live shopping on Shopee have not been maximized. This results in Maire Homewear's brand awareness remaining relatively low among the general public, although it has begun to build among loyal customers, both those who purchase directly from Maire and through its reseller network. This study recommends that Maire Homewear increase the consistency and variety of its digital content on Instagram, including customer testimonials, production processes, and educational content about its products. Furthermore, utilizing the live shopping feature on Shopee is expected to be a more interactive and effective promotional tool for building relationships with consumers and expanding market reach.

Self-evaluation is an important instrument in teacher professional development, as it can help identify strengths and weaknesses in learning practices. This study aims to describe in depth the practice of teacher self-evaluation, the supporting and inhibiting factors, and its impact on teacher professional development in the school environment. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method focused on a teacher at SMA Negeri 1 Maumere. Data collection techniques were conducted through an open-ended questionnaire designed to explore teachers' understanding of self-evaluation practices, as well as observations of lesson planning documents. The results showed that the teachers who were the subjects of the study had fairly good lesson planning and demonstrated a commitment to improving the quality of teaching. However, several challenges remained, such as difficulties in optimally adapting the curriculum to student needs and limitations in developing and implementing relevant learning evaluation instruments. Furthermore, the utilization of evaluation results for learning improvement has not been optimal. Although teachers have been active in Classroom Action Research (CAR), the integration of self-evaluation results into learning innovations still requires strengthening. Factors supporting self-evaluation include teachers' intrinsic motivation to develop, principal support, and relevant training. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include time constraints, administrative burdens, and the lack of reflective forums at the school level. This study confirms that self-evaluation conducted in a structured and reflective manner can play a significant role in improving teachers' professional competence and the quality of learning in schools.

The implementation of digitalization in the healthcare sector through the Integrated Referral sistem (Sistem Informasi Rujukan Terintegrasi/SISRUTE) offers significant opportunities to expand access and improve the quality of healthcare services, especially in remote and underserved areas of Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the challenges of implementing SISRUTE from a legal perspective, focusing on the principle of equitable healthcare access. The study uses a normative juridical approach combined with literature analysis, examining national regulations, including Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, Government Regulation No. 47 of 2021 on Hospital Administration, and supporting ministerial policies. The research identifies several barriers that hinder the effectiveness of SISRUTE implementation, such as uneven distribution of digital infrastructure, limited internet connectivity, lack of adequately trained healthcare personnel, and the absence of supporting local regulations that align with national policy frameworks. These challenges create disparities in the utilization of SISRUTE, particularly in rural and remote areas, undermining the constitutional mandate for equal access to health services. From a legal standpoint, the principle of equity in healthcare has yet to be fully realized through SISRUTE due to these systemic gaps. The study concludes that strategic efforts are needed to improve intergovernmental coordination, harmonize health and digital regulations, strengthen healthcare workers' digital competencies, and invest in robust infrastructure development. Only through an integrated legal, technological, and human resource approach can SISRUTE fulfill its intended function in supporting a fair, inclusive, and effective healthcare referral system nationwide. This paper contributes to ongoing discourse on legal reforms for digital health equity in Indonesia.