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Reduced appetite, diarrhea, cough, and joint pain are common health issues. Traditional medicinal plants such as Temu Ireng, Curcuma, Sand Ginger, and Ginger have been used to treat these conditions. This study aims to optimize the formulation of lozenges containing these plants using a combination of mannitol and sucrose as excipients through the SLD (Simple Lattice Design) method. Five formulations with varying ratios of mannitol and sucrose (FI = 75:25, FII = 25:75, FIII = 100:0, FIV = 0:100, FV = 50:50) were prepared using wet granulation. Granule physical properties were evaluated, and the optimum formulation was identified using statistical analysis including normality tests and one-sample t-tests. The results indicated that FI (mannitol 75%, sucrose 25%) provided the most desirable characteristics, with excellent granule flow, compressibility, and uniformity in lozenge quality. This research contributes to the development of herbal lozenges with optimized excipient combinations, enhancing the efficacy and quality of traditional medicine products.

Dengue fever is an infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus which is transmitted through mosquito bites. This disease causes symptoms of high fever, headache, and bone and muscle pain. If not treated properly, dengue fever is life threatening. The main symptom of dengue fever is a sudden increase in body temperature. Fever in dengue hemorrhagic fever generally lasts for 3 days. Fever can reach temperatures of 39-40°C and is difficult to reduce even if the patient has taken fever-reducing medication.Medicinal plants contain active compounds which can act as anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-plasmedial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, immunomodulator (improving the body's immune system) and so on. Several types of medicinal plants that have activity as immunomodulators include: echinacea, noni, ginger, meniran, and bitter (Wuryaningsih & Suranto, 2012).    Currently, there are a lot of foods and drinks offered as supplement products that can improve body health, one of which is herbal drinks, which are drinks containing compounds that can have a positive effect on body health. One example of herbal drinks that can be found is herbal drinks from ginger, turmeric, etc. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to educate the public about types of medicinal plants, their properties, and how to process them appropriately based on an evidence-based scientific approach by adapting methods to these conditions.

The application of ergonomics in the work environment is one of the efforts to ensure the health and safety of an individual or group in carrying out work in a work area that may be at risk of work accidents. Based on data from the Environmental Health and Occupational Safety Installation, musculoskeletal disorders experienced by employees of the "X" Hospital in Palembang in 2022, which stated that 318 employees of the "X" Hospital aged 31-40 years (38.1%), gender (69.2%), length of service <10 years (52.2%), length of service <8 hours (886.2%) with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders in the neck (64.5%), knees/ankles (58.7%), complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (81.4%), mild pain (scale 1-4) 59.0%, mild complaints 49.0%, This study aims to determine the factors related to the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in Laundry Officers at the "X" Hospital in Palembang in 2024. The subjects of this study were all Laundry Officers at the "X" Hospital in Palembang on July 15-27, 2024. The population and sample in this study were 37 laundry officers. This study uses a quantitative method with analytical observation research and a cross-sectional approach. Furthermore, the collected data was analyzed using the Chi Square Test with a significance level (p value) <0.005. The results of the study were that there were factors related to the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laundry Officers with Age (p value 0.005), Gender (p value 0.001), Length of Service (p value 0.001), Work Posture (p value 0.002), and Length of Service (p value 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between age, gender, length of service, work posture, and length of service with the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laundry Officers at RS "X" Palembang in 2024. It is recommended that the Laundry Installation section of RS "X" Palembang conduct a safety briefing to reduce the risk of accidents and provide information on the importance of individual health.

Dysmenorrhea is experienced by 90% of women in Indonesia, which causes 14% of women not to attend school or do not carry out daily activities, thus reducing their productivity. Adolescent girls are emotionally unstable, if they are not well informed about the menstrual process, they are prone to primary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is experienced by many adolescents who are in the stage of growth and development, both physical and psychological.Several efforts have been made to reduce pain complaints in cases of Disminorea including non-pharmacological interventions, among others with Rosulullah style treatment, known as Thibbun Nabiwi's treatment, including by listening to Qur'an morrotal and breathing exercises, this treatment is cheap and can be done independently by everyone who experiences. The implementation of socialization at the Aisyiyah Gremet Orphanage is very much needed considering that in the school there are many cases of Dismenorea, and no one has provided an understanding of the case and how to manage it in a non-pharmacological manner so that it can be overcome without giving side effects. It is necessary to hold continuous health education in connection with the lack of an MOU with health institutions, The follow-up plan is to plan health counseling, especially in the health sector, regarding alternative actions that can be taken to overcome menstrual pain in addition to pharmacological drugs..

Indonesia has an important pottery cultural heritage to preserve. This study aims to integrate culture-based education into the Merdeka Curriculum through P5, focusing on pottery making. The objectives of this study are to improve students' creativity, mutual cooperation, and social skills, as well as to strengthen the relationship between schools and communities in preserving local cultural traditions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the implementation of P5 activities through pottery making in improving creativity and mutual cooperation at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation from 1119 students and teachers. The results of the study will provide an in-depth picture of the impact of these activities on students at the school. Pottery making activities at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang develop students' creativity, motor skills, and mutual cooperation. By drawing designs, shaping, and painting pottery, they learn to think creatively, solve problems, and work together in groups. This activity supports the formation of Pancasila characters, such as togetherness, responsibility, and personal initiative, in accordance with the objectives of the Merdeka curriculum. P5 activities at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang have succeeded in achieving the goals of the independent curriculum, creating a Pancasila Student Profile that is creative, cooperative, and has good character. Students develop creativity and collaboration skills through challenging projects. This study emphasizes the importance of an art project-based approach to building the character of Pancasila students in the era of character education.

Dengue fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This disease is a major health problem in many tropical countries, including Indonesia. Identification and classification of DHF patients is very important to prevent further spread and to provide appropriate medical treatment. In this study, the classification of DHF disease is carried out using the K-Means algorithm, which is one of the methods in machine learning used to classify data based on similarity of features. This study aims to apply the K-Means algorithm in classifying DHF cases based on data on symptoms that appear in patients, such as high fever, joint pain, skin rashes, and others. The data used includes patient medical records that record various clinical and demographic parameters. The K-Means algorithm is used to group the data into clusters that describe the severity category or potential risk of dengue disease. The results showed that the K-Means algorithm can be used to cluster DHF patients well, with the division of groups that can describe the severity of the disease. Evaluation was conducted using metrics such as silhouette and cluster validity to assess the effectiveness of the algorithm in performing classification. This model is expected to help medical personnel in decision-making, provide early warning, and improve rapid response to dengue cases.

In 2023, pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Martapura Timur mostly experienced anxiety in the face of childbirth. A total of 10 pregnant women with more than 20 weeks of pregnancy experienced mild anxiety 30%, moderate anxiety 50% and severe anxiety 20%. All pregnant women experienced low back pain and never received material about prenatal yoga during pregnancy. This community service expects pregnant women to increase knowledge and skills about Antenatal Care and yoga exercises to reduce anxiety during pregnancy. The method used is health counseling along with the game Ibu Hamil Ceria (MILRIA) with a peer group approach through pregnant women's classes. This activity was carried out 3 times a meeting of each prenatal class, totaling 9 meetings. When measuring anxiety levels in Pekauman village and Melayu Tengah village, it was found that 13 (61.9%) pregnant women experienced mild anxiety and the knowledge of pregnant women was lacking regarding ANC as many as 15 (71.4%) out of 21 people. So that health counseling and yoga exercises are carried out to reduce anxiety and increase knowledge in pregnant women. The results showed a decrease in anxiety levels to 31.2% and the knowledge of pregnant women increased to 81.2%.

The utilization of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in modern medical technology has become a significant focus of research. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of EMF, especially at low frequencies (ELF) and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF), in enhancing the healing of various medical conditions. The method used is a literature study by analyzing various sources from Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. The results showed that EMF therapy is effective in relieving pain, accelerating tissue healing, and improving the quality of life of patients with musculoskeletal disorders and fractures. Despite the many benefits, it is important to consider the potential health risks of long-term exposure to EMF. This study recommends the development of strict regulations and training for medical personnel to ensure the safe and effective use of EMF.

Post-operative is a condition after surgery and medical treatment to treat or repair damaged tissue or organs starting when the client is moved to the operating room and ending in the recovery room. Surgery is a medical procedure that uses invasive techniques by opening or displaying body tissue that will be treated through incisions and ending with wound suturing. This health education aims to improve the knowledge and skills of patients and families regarding the prevention of post-operative infections. This health education was conducted on Saturday, October 19, 2024 at 10:30 in the Teratai room using a material delivery method using leaflet media, demonstrating how to wash hands properly and wound care, and evaluating the results of the pre and post tests during the health education activities. After the health education activities were carried out, the results showed that the enthusiasm of the participants when participating in the health education activities was very high, seen from the material presentation session, the participants were seen paying attention to the material presented. During the activity, participants were active in asking questions and were able to answer questions and wanted to know more about the material that had been presented. The ability of participants in answering pretest and posttest questions also showed an increase because the audience when working on the pretest questions, an average of did not know the material to be presented with a total of 13 questions. Then, when working on the posttest questions, an average of had increased knowledge after the presentation of the material presented with the same number of questions. Early symptoms that appear when an infection occurs in a postoperative wound are open wounds/open stitches and there are signs of infection: Redness, Swelling, Pain, Decreased function of the infected organ, Pus, Fever. SSI is an infection that occurs in the wound area after surgery, surgical wound infections are divided into, internal, and organs. SSI is caused by various factors, namely the patient himself, health workers, the surgical process, the environment and surgical equipment. The correct hand washing process according to WHO includes wetting the hands, applying soap or hand sanitizer, rubbing the entire surface of the hands for at least 20 seconds, rinsing with water (if using soap), and drying the hands. 6-step hand washing is an effective hand washing method to remove germs, viruses, and bacteria from the hands. This step is designed to ensure that every part of the hand is properly cleaned.

Indonesia is a country rich in cultural diversity, ethnicities, and traditions, which are essential aspects of its national identity. The traditions and natural beauty of Indonesia have become a significant part of shaping the norms and values of its people. Fine arts, particularly painting, serve as an effective medium for representing this cultural richness. Story of Love by Abdullah Ibnu Thalhah uses wayang symbols, an Indonesian cultural heritage, blended with global pop culture characters like Patrick from SpongeBob SquarePants. Through a semiotic approach, this study aims to explore the meanings within Story of Love, showcasing the interaction between local culture and elements of pop culture. This painting not only reflects Indonesia's cultural identity but also demonstrates how fine art can respond and adapt to modern influences, reinforcing multiculturalism amid global developments.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the adjuvant role of dexamethasone in multimodal analgesia to control postoperative pain for various laparoscopic surgical procedures.  Methods: From January to April 2023, a study was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital involving 80 patients prepared for various laparoscopic procedures, classified as ASA grades I and II. The participants were divided into groups (A and B) of 40 patients. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding gender distribution, age, BMI, ASA grade, anesthesia duration, and surgical procedure duration. Group A comprises patients administered dexamethasone 8 mg intravenously one hour before the induction of anesthesia, whereas Group B patients received a normal saline (placebo). The analgesic effect was assessed by measuring the VAS score for each group at 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours post-discharge from the recovery room. The study also evaluated the necessity for potent analgesics among the study population in each group. Results: The study findings indicate that dexamethasone significantly reduces postoperative pain, as evidenced by lower VAS scores in patients administering dexamethasone compared to those receiving a placebo, especially at 6 and 24 hours post-transfer from the recovery room. Additionally, patients administering a placebo exhibit a significant demand for potent analgesia in contrast to the group receiving dexamethasone. Conclusion: The study indicated that a single-dose injection of dexamethasone 8 mg administered preoperatively for various laparoscopic procedures significantly decreases postoperative pain. Effective pain management promotes early recovery and shortens hospital stays, reducing staff stress and providing financial benefits to the institution. We recommend using dexamethasone as a safe and effective medication for alleviating postoperative pain.

This research is a comprehensive midwifery care case study on Mrs. K from pregnancy to postpartum family planning conducted at the PMB Okta Saprina, S.Tr.Keb and Mrs. K's home from October-December 2023. The assessment during pregnancy found complaints of frequent urination which were addressed by counseling on reducing drinking at night. During labor, Mrs. K experienced severe pain on a scale of 8, which was reduced to moderate pain on a scale of 5 after being given lavender aromatherapy. Labor care stages I-IV were normal according to theory and without complications. The baby was born spontaneously, full-term, without complications. During the postpartum period, Mrs. K experienced breast engorgement which was treated with aloe vera compresses for 7 days until the complaint was resolved. Care for the newborn and postpartum period was according to standards. At 42 days postpartum, Mrs. K chose to use 3-month injectable contraception after being screened with the KLOP wheel. The management provided to Mrs. K was in accordance with evidence-based practice in providing comprehensive midwifery care, namely counseling for frequent urination, lavender aromatherapy for labor pain, and aloe vera compresses for breast engorgement with satisfactory results.

Diet is a method or effort to regulate the amount, frequency and type of food with descriptive information including maintaining health, nutritional status, preventing or helping cure disease. Gastric pain is pain or discomfort that occurs in the stomach area, especially in the upper part of the stomach, which is usually related to problems with the stomach or digestive system. One of the factors that causes students to develop stomach pain or gastritis is improper eating patterns. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of stomach pain in IKM Unima 2022 students. The method used was quantitative research using descriptive methods and a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 146 and the sample was 107 respondents with data analysis using SPSS version 2022. The research shows a relationship between diet and the incidence of stomach pain in public health students, where the chi-square test results ρ-value 0.028 < α 0.05. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of stomach pain in IKM Unima 2022 students.

The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in the world has doubled. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of giving lemongrass compresses on rheumatoid arthritis pain in the elderly in the Kuta Baro Health Center Working Area, Aceh Besar Regency. This research method uses a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach with a population of 317 people and a sample size of 15 people, the sampling technique is purposive sampling. This research was conducted from 30 May to 6 June 2024 using univariate and bivariate analysis using the Paired T test. The results of the study showed that before being given the lemongrass warm compress the average pain level of the respondents was 4.60, whereas after being given the lemongrass warm compress the average pain level was 2.53 with a decrease of 2.067 with a ρ value of 0.000, meaning there was a relationship with the lemongrass warm compress with rheumatoid arthritis pain in the elderly. The conclusion is that there is an effect of warm lemongrass compresses on rheumatoid arthritis pain in the elderly because warm lemongrass compresses have a positive impact on reducing rheumatoid arthritis pain in the elderly. It is hoped that rheumatoid arthritis sufferers will carry out non-pharmacological therapy using lemongrass if their pain scale is still in the mild and moderate category.

The aim of this research is to find out the effectiveness of massage techniques for postpartum mothers who experience pain after giving birth and get relaxation after massage. This research uses a case study method using qualitative descriptive methods. This research was conducted on Jl. Kapau Sari, East Tangkerang, District. Tenayan Raya, Pekanbaru city 28282, Indonesia in 2024. The target of this research is multiparous NY.M aged 30 years. Data that can be obtained and used in research is primary data and secondary data. What was obtained from the research results showed that there were benefits felt by clients after massage in terms of reducing the pain felt after giving birth.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by regurgitation of gastric contents into the esophagus, causing a variety of clinical symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and atypical presentations such as chest pain, chronic cough, and asthma. In the elderly, GERD is very common, often with atypical symptoms and has a higher risk of complications, including esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal cancer. Functional dispepsia, another common gastrointestinal disorder, affects more than 20% of the population and is associated with significant negative impacts on quality of life and health care costs. This community service activity aims to screen for GERD and dispepsia in the elderly population through the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach. The activity was carried out at Panti Bina Bhakti, South Tangerang, involving 93 elderly participants aged over 65 years. The results showed that 64 people (68.82%) had a 50% chance of GERD, 21 people (22.58%) had a 79% chance of GERD, and 6 people (6.45%) had an 89% chance of GERD. Screening for GERD and dispepsia in the elderly is very important for early detection and timely intervention, which can prevent disease progression and reduce the risk of complications.

Delivery assistance is a delivery service process that starts from stage I to stage IV of delivery. The achievementcofcmaternal healthc effortsc isc measured through the indicator of the percentage of deliveries assisted by qualified health workers (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia 2015).Based on the description above, the problem discussed in this research is: to determine the effect of counterpressure massage techniques to reduce labor pain in active phase first stage mothers at Darul Aman Community Health Center, East Aceh. The type of research used is quasi-experimental with a pre-test design and post test control group design, cause or risk and effect variables or cases that occur in the research object are measured or collected simultaneously (at the same time) (Notoatmodjo, 2012) Darul Aman East Aceh Community Health Center is a BPJS Health First Level Health Facility in Aceh Tkmur Regency whose address is Jalan Medan, Gp Kuede Village, Darul Aman District, East Aceh Regency, NAD. The Darul Aman Health Center in East Aceh has the Motto: SIMPATI, namely Smiling and Greeting, Informative, Serving, Professional, Accountable, Transparent, Sincere. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion of research results, conclusions can be drawn regarding the effect of massage techniques to reduce labor pain at the Darul Aman Community Health Center, East Aceh. 1. The level of labor pain before the counterpesure massage was performed, all respondents experienced severe pain. 2. The level of labor pain after the counterpesure massage was performed. Most of the respondents experienced moderate pain. 3. There was an effect of using massage techniques to reduce labor pain in mothers during the first stage of the active phase.

The elderly range of diseases, one of which is reduced fluid in the knee joint will result in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that attacks the articular cartilage in the knee and causes changes in the joint along with the subchondral bone, which is characterized by knee pain, pain, and stiffness in the morning, pain when going up and down stairs, and feeling pain when squatting for a long time. This counseling aims to increase knowledge and insight for the elderly regarding knee osteoarthritis, one of the most common health problems. The method in this study uses counseling methods with leaflet media. The results obtained in the elderly integrated health service post understand the provision of counseling related to knee osteoarthritis.

The elderly range of diseases, one of which is reduced fluid in the knee joint will result in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that attacks the articular cartilage in the knee and causes changes in the joint along with the subchondral bone, which is characterized by knee pain, pain, and stiffness in the morning, pain when going up and down stairs, and feeling pain when squatting for a long time. This counseling aims to increase knowledge and insight for the elderly regarding knee osteoarthritis, one of the most common health problems. The method in this study uses counseling methods with leaflet media. The results obtained in the elderly integrated health service post understand the provision of counseling related to knee osteoarthritis.

An ankle sprain is an injury experienced by school-age adolescents due to a lack of caution during activities, as well as high physical activity in sports activities, such as playing soccer, running, and other sports. Signs and symptoms of an ankle sprain are pain and edema. Interventions for ankle sprains can be categorized into functional rehabilitation and initial management by performing the RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation) method followed by joint mobilization to increase the scope of joint motion. This counseling aims to increase the knowledge of seventh-grade students of MTS Almaarif 01 Singosari about ankle sprains.  Counseling was conducted using an interactive demonstration method using leaflet print media, with 14 male and 18 female students. The results of counseling are found in the pre-test and post-test evaluation of increased knowledge about ankle sprain in class VII students of MTS Almaarif 01 Singosari.